Industrial Sorghum Malting: Technologies that can be used...
Transcript of Industrial Sorghum Malting: Technologies that can be used...
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Industrial Sorghum Malting: Technologies that can be used and practical considerations
Gyebi Duodu
Department of Food Science
University of Pretoria
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Malting
• What is malting?
– Germination of grain in moist air under controlled conditions
• Objectives for opaque beer brewing
– Mobilization of endogenous enzymes of the grain
– Use of the endogenous enzymes to modify grain constituents for ready solubilisation
– Use of the endogenous enzymes to solubilise starchy adjunct during mashing
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Clean grain
Steep (6-24 h, 25-30oC)
Germinate (4-6 d, 25-30oC)
Kiln (dry) 50oC, < 10% moisture
Bag
Hammer mill (< 2 mm)
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Grain reception
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Storage in silos
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Self-emptying conical steep tank
Steeping
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Steep tank
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Loading of grain into the steep
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Germination in outdoor floor malting of sorghum
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Pneumatic malting
• Steeped grain is transferred onto a perforated steel floor indoors.
• Air is blown from underneath the floor through the grain.
– “Pneumatic” – by means of compressed air
• Saladin box-type germination chambers
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Saladin box or compartment germination vessel
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Drying malt outdoors
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The kiln
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Kiln or malt drying chamber
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Sorghum malt
Milling
Mixing
Souring
Sorghum malt
Yeast
Cereal adjunct
Milling
Mixing
Cooking the adjunct
Mashing (Conversion)
Wort separation
Heat exchange
PasteurizationFermentationPackaging
Opaque beer brewing process
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THANK YOU