Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

Chapter 9 Sections 1 and 2Chapter 9 Sections 1 and 2

Factory WorkFactory Work

Factory WorkFactory Work

Factory WorkFactory Work

Factory WorkFactory Work

FactoriesFactories

Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution begins in begins in Great BritainGreat Britain in the 1700’s, transition from in the 1700’s, transition from

making goods by hand to making them by machine.making goods by hand to making them by machine.

CapitalismCapitalism economic system based on private ownership where economic system based on private ownership where

money is invested with goal of making a profit.money is invested with goal of making a profit. This system drives This system drives

IndustrialismIndustrialism

Beginnings of Beginnings of Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

improvements in improvements in farming methods – farming methods – leads to fewer richer leads to fewer richer farmers with more landfarmers with more land

small farmers loss their land- small farmers loss their land- move to cities to become move to cities to become factory workersfactory workers

Britain possessed ideal conditions Britain possessed ideal conditions for growth of industryfor growth of industry

Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution 1600s: Begins in Great Britain1600s: Begins in Great Britain Crop RotationCrop Rotation growing different crops each year to growing different crops each year to

keep land fertile: keep land fertile: leads to huge population growth: fewer richer farmers with leads to huge population growth: fewer richer farmers with

more land and more available workers more land and more available workers

4 Advantages of Great Britain4 Advantages of Great Britain Natural ResourcesNatural Resources (water, (water,

coal, lumber, iron ore)coal, lumber, iron ore)

RiversRivers for inland transportation for inland transportation of goods and resourcesof goods and resources

Harbors Harbors for merchant ships to for merchant ships to sell goods in other countriessell goods in other countries

Large PopulationLarge Population of workers of workers

3 Factors of Production3 Factors of Production These 3 must present for These 3 must present for

Industrialism to occurIndustrialism to occur LandLand

LaborLabor

WealthWealth

Textile IndustryTextile Industry First to be industrialized to make clothesFirst to be industrialized to make clothesWoolWool

CottonCotton

Linen Linen

Industrial ImprovementsIndustrial Improvements Spinning JennySpinning Jenny (weaves (weaves

fabric into thread)fabric into thread)

Cotton GinCotton Gin 1793 (easily 1793 (easily removes seeds from cotton removes seeds from cotton plants)plants)

Steam EngineSteam Engine (used on (used on ships & trains)ships & trains)

Roads ImprovedRoads Improved (better (better transportation of goods)transportation of goods)

Class TensionsClass Tensions wealthy merchants/factory wealthy merchants/factory

owners lived in comfortowners lived in comfort

factory owners, merchants factory owners, merchants began to grow wealthier than began to grow wealthier than landownerslandowners

lowupper mid-class lowupper mid-class gov’t employees, doctors, lawyers, gov’t employees, doctors, lawyers, managers of factoriesmanagers of factories

er mid-class er mid-class toolmakers, printers, mechanical drafters toolmakers, printers, mechanical drafters working class working class poor workers saw little improvement in their poor workers saw little improvement in their

living/working conditions, living/working conditions,

● ● machines began to replace their jobsmachines began to replace their jobs

Negative AspectsNegative Aspects factory owners wanted machines running for as many hrsfactory owners wanted machines running for as many hrs average worker spent 14 hrs on job, 6 days a weekaverage worker spent 14 hrs on job, 6 days a week workers had to keep up with machinesworkers had to keep up with machines factories poorly lit or cleanfactories poorly lit or clean machines injured workersmachines injured workers no government program to provide aidno government program to provide aid most dangerous were most dangerous were coal minescoal mines (frequent accidents) (frequent accidents)

Positive AspectsPositive Aspects created jobs for workerscreated jobs for workers contributed to wealth of nationcontributed to wealth of nation fostered technological progress/inventionsfostered technological progress/inventions increased production of goodsincreased production of goods raised standard of livingraised standard of living healthier diets, better housinghealthier diets, better housing expanded educational opportunitiesexpanded educational opportunities