Industrial revolution causes (empty presentation)
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BLUE 1ST YEAR - 2013GREEN 1ST YEAR - 2013
Industrial Revolution
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Why did the Industrial Revolution happen? Why in
Britain?
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Sources of water
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1. Navigable rivers
Trade within the country
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2. Natural harbours
Ships can move easily, make trade easier
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Raw materials and numerous markets
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3. Colonies supplied with abundant raw material
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4. Colonies demanded goods from the textile and iron industries
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COAL
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5. Abundant deposits of coal which are easily mined and transported.
Coal provides three times more energy than wood.
Coal kick-started a revolution in XIII century Britain, a revolution which transformed not only the country but the world itself.
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6. In Britain the mines were near the sea, so ships could carry coal cheaply to the most important market, London.
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Scientific and technological new ideas
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7. The demand for coal became larger, but the deeper the miners went the more water there was underground, so it was necessary to pump water out of the mine.
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8. Initially people used horse-driven pumps, but they needed a more effective way to draw water from much deeper.
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9. In 1712 Thomas Newcomen invented the atmospheric engine . It worked by creating a partial vacuum by condensing steam under a piston within a cylinder.
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10. James Watt developed (1763–75) an improved version of Newcomen's engine, with a separate condenser. Boulton and Watt’s early machines used less coal than Newcomen's
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11. Flying shuttle
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12. Spinning Jenny
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13. The water frame