INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES

INTRODUCTION :- If we go deep into the details of industrial disputes, it is revealed that more than 50% of the disputes are mainly due to wages, allowances etc. moreover, non – economic causes are also responsible.

DEFINATIONS :-As per Section 2(k) of Industrial Disputes Act,1947, an industrial dispute in defined as any dispute or difference between employers and employers, or between

employers and workmen, or between workmen and which is connected with the employment or non-employment or the terms of employment or with the conditions of labor, of any person.

CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES ECONOMIC

Wages Dearness allowance Bonus Working conditions Other causes

NON – ECONOMIC

Individual causes Recognition of labour Political causes Other causes

ECONOMIC CAUSES

WAGES:- The basic and utmost import problem for employees is wages. Insufficient or less wages day-by-day increases complaints of employees parallely with the rise in prices. So, workers constantly damand for more wages. Which from the point of view of employer, it cuts the portion from his profit, which he dose not tolerate, resulting into the industrial disputes.

DEARNESS ALLOWANCE :- Constant rise in the prices of essential commodities directly reduce the wages. So, to maintain the real proportion of wages, besides wages, dearness allowance is provided. Inflation is also a constantly increasing factor, hence, if timely increase in dearness allowance dose not take place, then also industrial dispute arises.

BONUS :- Share from the profit to the employees means bonus, which is payable in the concerned financial year. Due to collective efforts of employer and employees, the former earns profit. So, it is natural that employees demand their share. If their demand is not accepted, industrial disputes may arise.

OTHER REASONS :- Due to other reasons also if they do not get sufficient facilities, then industrial dissatisfaction and industrial conflict arise. These reasons include mainly medical treatment, sickness, allowance, accident compensation, educational facilities, tools for sports and entertainment, library, canteen facility, working condition, working hours, leaves etc.

NON – ECONOMIC CAUSES

INDIVIDUAL REASONS :- Industrial disputes can also arise due to improper tendency or avoidance of individual employees, recruitment, promotion or termination. It shows carelessness of management and lack if knowledge.

RECOGNITION OF LABOUR UNION :- As per the laws of labour unions, they should get recognition from the proprietors. But when in a given unit, if there are employees who have membership of more than one union, then on the recognition also, the dispute can arise. If any one labour union is recognized, then the competitor labour union creates conflict.

POLITICAL REASONS :- Industrial disputes sometimes arise due to political reasons also. Many a time the labour has to resort has to resort to strike to protest against the Government’s decision or provisions of law. Arrest of labour union leaders for taking part in the agitation or for taking action against workers and in sympathy of them other workers also go on strike.

OTHER REASONS :- It cannot be said that industrial disputes arise only due to above reasons. It has direct with the industrial dispute and mind of a human being. Lack of contact and negotiations with workers, atmosphere of distrust create doubts in the mind. So, it may happen that there may not be any reason for industrial dispute. Though such industrial disputes do not last very long or its important is negligible.

PREPARED BY :- PARMAR DINESH

JADAV DHARMESH

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