Industrial Directory of India

8/10/2019 Industrial Directory of India

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IMPORTANT:As per the the discussion we had

on 06.08.2014withManglam Distillers & Bottling Industries

the Project is under Panning Stage.

The company is still waiting for Environmental clearances .

The project work is likely to start in by End of 2014.

The Project is Scheduled to be Completed

by December, 2015.

=======================================

So, this is the RIGHT TIMEto contact and Follow Upat following address

to obtain the detailed Enquiryof each product in timeand to

submit your quotation subsequently.

The Main Scope of Supply includes:

Boiler : *30 TPH

Fuel : **Coal/Rice Husk

(85 TPD /100 TPD)

Stack Height : 45 M


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Heat Exchanger, Air Pre-Heater/ Economiser.

* Actual Steam Requirement : 28 TPH

** Coal will be sourced from Assam & Biomass from nearbyarea.

===============================

Raw Materials :

1. Grains/Corn : 1

50 MT/day2. Alpha

Amylase : 30

Kg/ Day

3. Amyloglucosidase :

30 Kg/ Day

4. Yeast (Active Dry Yeast/ :

As per requirement

5. Sulphuric

Acid : 50 Kg

6. Urea :

60 kg/day

7. NutrientsAmmonia : 150

Kg/day

8. Antifoam :

0.6 kg per KL 36 kgs

9. Sulphuric

Acid : 50 Kg

10. Biocides :

30 kg

Vacuum Distillationmethod will be adopted forobtaining Ethanol.In vacuum distillation, ethanol is separatedand concentrated using principal of fractional distillation.This is based on difference in boiling points of

volatile compounds in mixture. There are six columns in the system Primary

column:1. Mash column,2. Rectifier column,


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3. Hydro extractive distillation column,

4. Refining column,

5. Aldehydes Column and6. Defuse Column.

Air Pollution Control Equipment :

Trima Cyclone

To control the particulate emissions from Coal Fired boiler will be controlled by Trima Cyclonewillbe installed as pollution control equipment with proper stack height

Steam generated from the boiler will be utilized in the generation of

3.0 MWPower and wili also be used for Boiler feed water heating andDistillery.

Flue gases after super heating the steam will pass through Economizer where they

will Pre-Heat the boiler Feed water before it enters the boiler drum. AfterEconomizer, flue will pass through Air Pre-Heaterswhere they will heat the airwhich will be fed to the boiler furnace for burning the fuel.

High pressure superheated steam from boiler will pass through a Steam Turbine

and at the lower pressure will go to the condenser.

The part of the steam will be extracted from the extraction points provided on the

turbine, which will be used for distillery.

The condensed steam will return to the steam boiler as condensate and will again

be boiled as steam.

While passing through the turbine, the high pressure and temperature steam will rotate theturbine rotor and an Electric Alternator mounted on the same shaft.


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Electric power will be generated by the alternator. This electric power generated will be consumedin house i.e. for running the distillery and utilities like boilers auxiliaries etc. and surplus powerwill be exported to the state grid.

Steam turbine

Coal handling system

Ash handling system

Air Cooled Condenser

Power plant stack

Single Chimney

Fuel system

Cooling Tower

STORAGE OF GOODS OR MATERIALS

(Grains: Metal silo, Sulphuric Acid: MS Tank with lining,

Rectified Spirit: MS Tanks, Extra Neutral Alcohol: SS Tanks)

=======================

Manufacturing Process:

GRAIN CLEANING, MILLING AND FLOUR HANDLING :

The grain is lifted in Bu cket Elevators, screenedfollowed by removal of stones and ironmatter. Cleaned Grains are then milled using Dry Milling Processin Hammer Mil ls. The flouris fed through the bucket elevator and conveyed to the Batch Tipping Machinethrough a

Screw Conveyor. The flour addition is metered through the Batch Tipping Machine with load cell


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GRAIN STORAGE : The grain has to be lifted inBucket Elevators,

screened followed by removal of stones and iron matter.


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RJC Agros Limited plans to set up a 120 KLD Grain Based Distillery

along with 5 MWCaptive Power Plant (Coal / Biomass Based) at RekulakuntaVillage in Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh.

It will produce Extra Neutral Alcohol, Rectified Spirit & Ethanol.

Capacity :

Distillery : 120 KLD

Captive Power Plant: 5 MW

(Coal/Biomass Based)

Botling Plant:

CO2 Recovery Plant:

CO2 generation will be 91.2 TPD and will be recovered in CO2 Recovery plant and will be

given to bottling units.

Location : Rekulakunta Village,Anantapur District

Andhra Pradesh.

As on August 06, 2014: The Project is under Planning Stage .

The unit would come up on about 20.92 Acres of Land.

Out of this 6.9 Acres of land The unitwill be developed as Green Belt.


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IMPORTANT:As per the the discussion we had

on 28.07.2014withRJC Agros Limited

the Project is under Panning Stage.

The company is still waiting for environmental clearance.

The project work is likely to start by November,2014.

The Project is Scheduled to be Completed

by December 2015.

So, this is the RIGHT TIMEto contact and Follow Upat following address to

obtain the detailed Enquiryof each product in timeand to

submit your quotation subsequently.

The Main Scope of Supply includes:

1. Boiler : 50 TPH

Fuel : Coal/Biomass

2. Boiler : 25 TPH

Fuel : Coal/Biomass


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Heat Exchanger, Air Pre- Heater/ Economiser

*Coal : Imported Coal (Indonesia / Australia)/

Indian Coal (Singareni Collieries Limited)/

Biomass (Local areas)

Raw Materials : The requirement of the Grain (Maize, Corn, Sorghum Grain,

Broken rice and Starch based grains etc) to produce 120 KLD ENA (Extra Neutral

Alcohol), RS (Rectified Spirit) & Ethanol has been estimated at 320 Tonnes/

Day.

Air Pollution Control Equipment :

Electrostatic Precipitators/ Bag Filter

To control the particulate emissions from Coal Fired boiler will be controlled by ESP/ High Efficiency

Bag Filterand emissions will be dispersed through appropriate Stack Height.

Steam generated from the boiler will be utilized in the generation of

5 MWPower and wil also be used for Boiler feed water heating and Distillery.

Flue gases after super heating the steam will pass through Economizer where they

will Pre-Heat the boiler Feed water before it enters the boiler drum. AfterEconomizer, flue will pass through Air Pre-Heaterswhere they will heat the air

which will be fed to the boiler furnace for burning the fuel.

After Air Pre Heaters flue gases will pass through an Electro Static

Precipitatorwhere the Dust Particles will be collected on charged electrodes.


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After passing through ESP, clean flue gases with dust particle concentration also

known as SPM level less than 50 mg/Nm3through a Chimneyof prescribedheight.

The dust will be collected from the bottom of the ESP.

High pressure superheated steam from boiler will pass through a Steam Turbine

and at the lower pressure will go to the condenser.

The part of the steam will be extracted from the extraction points provided on the

turbine, which will be used for distillery.

The condensed steam will return to the steam boiler as condensate and will again

be boiled as steam.

While passing through the turbine, the high pressure and temperature steam will rotate the

turbine rotor and an Electric Alternator mounted on the same shaft.

Electric power will be generated by the alternator. This electric power generated will be consumed

in house i.e. for running the distillery and utilities like boilers auxiliaries etc. and surplus power

will be exported to the state grid.

********************************************************

Manufacturing Process :

The following are the steps involved in the manufacturing Process for

Rectified Spirit/Ethanol/ENA:

1. Milling

2. Liquefaction

3. Saccharification

4. Fermentation


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Cleaning & Milling

The Grain is first pre-cleaned for removing stones, dust and foreign materials with the help

of Destonerand Magnetic Separators, before milling. Milling

involves processing grain through a Hammer Mill

(with screens between 3.2 to 4.0 mm) to production grain flour.

Liquefaction

The whole grain flour is slurred with water, and heat-stable enzyme (a-amylase) is added.

The slurry from the milling operation is cooked with steam and this is known as

liquefaction Liquefaction is accomplished using jet-cookers that inject steam into the grain

flour slurry to cook it at temperatures above 100C (212F).

Saccharification

After liquefaction, the slurry, now called Liquefied Grain Slurry, is cooled to approximately

30C (86F), and a second enzyme, Glucoamylase is added. Glucoamylase completes

the breakdown of the starch into simple sugar (glucose).

Fermentation

In the fermentation step, yeast is added to the grain mash to begin the process of

converting the simple sugars to ethanol. The other components of the grain (protein, oil,

etc.) remain largely unchanged during the fermentation process. Duration of fermentation is

around 48hrs.

DistillationThen the product will undergo vacuum distillation or multi-pressure distillation

(which has many advantages over conventional atmospheric distillation.


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Vacuum Distillation has lower energy requirement, consistently produces very high quality

alcohol and less scaling of distillation trays due to sludge.

********************************************************

Steam turbine : Capacity- 1500 KWH

Coal handling system

Ash handling system

Air Cooled Condenser

Power plant stack

Single Chimney

Fuel system

Cooling Tower

Cooled Condenser :

Use of Air Cooled Condenser to be used to reduce water

consumption.

All the Conveyorswill be covered with GI sheets to prevent the fugitive

dust emission into the atmosphere.

Other Equipment :


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Slurry Tank with Agitator and motor

..

Slurry Feed Pump with motor

Liquefaction Tank with agitator and motor

..

Pump for Initial Liquefaction Tank with motor

..

Condensate Tank

..

Condensate Transfer Pump

..

Final Liquefaction Tank with agitator & motor

..

Pump for final Liquefaction Tank with motor

..

Mash cooler

..

Enzyme Dosing System

..

CIP TANK

..

CIP transfer pump with motor

..


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Piping and valves & Instrumentation

..

Yeast Activation Vessel

..

Yeast Activation Vessel Recirculation

cum Transfer Pump with motor

..

Activation Vessel Cooler

..

Fermented wash Re circulation Pump with Motor

..

Beer well pumps

..

Air Blowers

..

Spent Wash pump with flame proof motor

..

DG set:(1 No.)will be installed for emergency power Back-up duringpower failure:

Water Treatment Plant

Oxidisation Chamber, IRF, R.O./D.M. Plant,

Pumps Valves, Custom Pipeline Work

The fresh water requirement of the proposed project is estimated as


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1000 m3/day. Water will be sourced from Ground Water.

Effluent Treatment Plant

Waste water will be generated from the plant. Domestic Effluent sent to soak pit.

Industrial effluent will be taken to ETP plant.

The boiler blow down & DM Plant& Softener regeneration water will be treated in aneutralization tank and after treatment it will be mixed with CT Blow down. All these treated effluent

streams will be stored in a Central Monitoring Basin (CMB).


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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT PROJECT ENQUERIESVisit : http://industrialdirectoryofindia.com/FAQ

(Helpline : +91-900 7158600)

Project UpdateAeidan Industries Plans To Set Up1040 Ton/MonthChemical Unit

---------------------------------------------

(Update: Ref Our Earlier Report on17.09.2013)

Aeidan Industries plans to set up a Synthetic Organic Chemical Production

Unithaving Capacity of 1040 Ton/Month at Jhagadia Industrial Estate,

Jhagadia in Bharuch, Gujarat.

Capacity: 1040 Ton/Month

Following Products will be manufactured in the proposed plant :

1. Meta phenoxy benzyl

alcohol : 120 Ton/Month

2. Para AnisicAlcohol : 60 Ton/Month

3. Cinnamic

alcohol : 30 Ton/Month

4. 3 Amino 9 Ethyl Carbazole

(AEC)

solution : 62 Ton/Month

1. 2,4 di methyl aniline

(2,4 xylidine)solution : 78 Ton/Month

1. Benzyl

acetone : 30 Ton/Mon

th

2. 2,5 Dichloro

aniline : 60 Ton/Month
http://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/downloadhttp://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/downloadhttp://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/downloadhttp://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/downloadhttp://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/downloadhttp://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/downloadhttp://www.industrialdirectoryofindia.com/download


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Boiler : 1 TPH - 1 No.Fuel : Briquette (250 kg/hr)Stack : 30 Meter (Dia : 500 mm)

Thermic Fluid HeaterCapacity : 15 Lakh Kcal - 1 No.

Fuel : Briquette (600 kg/hr)Stack : 30 Meter(Dia : 500 mm)

Heat Exchangers, Air Pre-heater/Economiser).

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

META PHENOXY BENZALCOHOL

To take 1000 Kg. Meta Phenoxy Benzaldehyde (MPBAD) in anAutoclave.

Then add 5 kg. Nickel (Ni) Catalyst into it.

Then 25 m3

N2 gas is purged in autoclave and O2 is removed from autoclave.

After this, pass 250 m3

hydrogen for 10 to 12 hr.

Then to collect 5 kg Ni collect into filter after filteration.

This spent Ni catalyst is sent back to the supplier.

Total 1000 Kg. Meta Phenoxy Benzyl alcohol (MPB Alcohol) is collected & packed in GI /

HDPE Barrels.

PARA ANISIC ALCOHOL

First o ttake 1000 Kg. Para Anisic Aldehyde in an autoclave.

Then add 3.5 kg. Nickel (Ni) Catalyst into it.

Then purge 25 m3


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N2 gas into autoclave and remove O2 from autoclave.

Now pass 240m3

hydrogen for 10 to 12 hr.

The pressure is maintained at 10 to 12 kg. Now check conversion.

When conversion is completed then to Filter Para Anisic Alcohol.

At this stage, 3.5 kg Ni is collected in filter after filteration.

This spent Ni catalyst is sent back to the supplier.

Total 1000 kg. Para AnisicAlcohol collected& packed in GI/HDPE Barrels.

ACETANILIDE

Take 700 kg. Aniline in a Reactor.

Then add 950 kg. Acetic acid & 5 kg toluene mixture slowly in a Reactor.

Heat up to 1200 Deg C

To Collect Dilute Acetic acid.

To Remove dilute acetic acid completely and then heat up 1200 Deg C to 1400

Deg C.

Once it reaches upto 1200 Deg C to 1400 Deg C temperature then maintains it for 12 to14 hrs.

After maintaining temperature rise the temperature upto 1400 Deg C to 1500 Deg C.

Then to add 45 kg. Acetic anhydrate in reactor carefully.

After addition rise the temperature upto 1500 Deg C to 1950 Deg C in vacuum condition.

When conversion is completed to Acetanilide, cool whole mass at room temperature.

Then to chillthe whole mass.

Then to pass from flakers and collect the flakes of Acetanilide.

Total 1000 kg. Acetanilide is collected & packed in 50 kg. PP woven/ HDPE Bags..


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************************

Other Equipments:

1. For Hydrogenation Plant:

SS Reactor : 4.0 KL---------------------------------------------

Autoclave : 4.0 KL---------------------------------------------

Autoclave : 3.0 KL---------------------------------------------

Pressure filter (1000 mm)

Qty : 2 Nos.---------------------------------------------Receiver S.S. tank : 3 KL

---------------------------------------------

Vaccum pump with S.S. Tank

Qty : 1 Nos.---------------------------------------------

Storage Tank : 10 kLQty : 4 Nos.--------------------------------------------

Safety valve(25 kg pr.)Qty : 2 Nos.--------------------------------------------

Chilling plant & pump : 40 TRQty : 1 No---------------------------------------------

Rapture Disc (27 kg pressure)Qty : 2 Nos.-----------------------------------------------

Flame arresterQty : 1 No.-----------------------------------------------

Cooling Tower with pumpCapacity : 100 TR


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Qty : 1 No.---------------------------------------------

FLP scale (300 kg max)Qty : 1 No.-------------------------------------------

G.C. shimadzuQty : 1 No.-------------------------------------------

Skid Lifter : 8 Tons----------------------------------------------

Drum Lifter : 1 Ton----------------------------------------------

Valve

---------------------------------------------Pipe line :---------------------------------------------

Fire hydrant---------------------------------------------

2. For Acetanilide Plant:

Reactor with distillation condenser

Capacity : 18KL---------------------------------------------Acetic acid pump

Qty : 1 No.---------------------------------------------

Aniline pumpQty : 1 No.

---------------------------------------------

Vaccum Pump

Qty : 2 Nos.---------------------------------------------

Storage Tank(50 kL, 25 kL x 2, 10 kL)

Qty : 4 Nos.


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--------------------------------------------

Dilute Acetic Acid pumpQty : 1 No.--------------------------------------------

Acetic Anhydrid...Show trimmed contentAttachments(1)

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Home/Technical Articles/ Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)

Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)

PostedAug 23 2013byjiguparmarinElectrical Lectures,Energy and Powerwith16 Comments

Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)
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Electrical Thumb Rules For:

Cable Capacity

Current Capacity of Equipment

Earthing Resistance

Minimum Bending Radius Insulation Resistance

Lighting Arrestor

Transformer

Diesel Generator

Current Transformer

Quick Electrical Calculation

Cable Capacity

For Cu Wire Current Capacity (Up to 30 Sq.mm) = 6X Size of Wire in Sq.mm

Ex. For 2.5 Sq.mm = 62.5 = 15 Amp, For 1 Sq.mm = 61 = 6 Amp, For 1.5 Sq.mm = 61.5 = 9Amp

For Cable Current Capacity = 4X Size of Cable in Sq.mm, Ex. For 2.5 Sq.mm = 42.5 = 9 Amp.

Nomenclature for cable Rating =Uo/U

where Uo = Phase-Ground Voltage, U = Phase-Phase Voltage, Um = Highest Permissible Voltage

Go to Content

Current Capacity of Equipment

1 Phase Motor draws Current = 7Amp per HP.

3 Phase Motordraws Current = 1.25Amp per HP.

Full Load Current of 3 Phase Motor = HPx1.5

Full Load Current of 1 Phase Motor = HPx6

No Load Current of 3 Phase Motor = 30% of FLC

KW Rating of Motor = HPx0.75

Full Load Current of equipment = 1.39xKVA (for 3 Phase 415Volt)

Full Load Current of equipment = 1.74xKw (for 3 Phase 415Volt)

Go to Content

Earthing Resistance

Earthing Resistance for Single Pit = 5, Earthing Grid = 0.5 As per NEC 1985 Earthing Resistanceshould be < 5. Voltage between Neutral and Earth


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Resistance between Neutral and Earth MCOV).

Go to Content
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Transformer

Current Rating of Transformer = KVA x 1.4

Short Circuit Current of T.C /Generator = Current Rating / % Impedance No Load Currentof Transformer =< 2% of Transformer Rated current

Capacitor Current (Ic) = KVAR / 1.732xVolt (Phase-Phase)

Typically the local utility provides transformers rated up to 500kVA For maximum connected

load of 99kW,

Typically the local utility provides transformers rated up to 1250kVA For maximum connected

load of 150kW.

The diversity they would apply to apartments is around 60%

Maximum HT (11kV) connected load will be around 4.5MVA per circuit.

4No. earth pits per transformer (2No. for body and 2No. for neutral earthing),

Clearances, approx.1000mm around TC allow for transformer movement for replacement.

Go to Content

Diesel Generator

Diesel Generator Set Produces = 3.87 Units (KWH) in 1 Litter of Diesel.

Requirement Area of Diesel Generator =for 25KW to 48KW = 56 Sq.meter, 100KW = 65

Sq.meter.

DG less than or equal to 1000kVA must be in a canopy.

DG greater 1000kVAcan either be in a canopy or skid mounted in an acoustically treated room DG noise levels to be less than 75dBA at 1 meter.

DG fuel storage tanks should be a maximum of 990 Litter per unit. Storage tanks above this level

will trigger more stringent explosion protection provision.

Go to Content

Current Transformer

Nomenclature of CT:

Ratio:input / output current ratio

Burden (VA):total burden including pilot wires. (2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 30VA.)

Class:Accuracy required for operation (Metering: 0.2, 0.5, 1 or 3, Protection: 5, 10, 15, 20, 30).

Accuracy Limit Factor:

Nomenclature of CT: Ratio, VA Burden, Accuracy Class, Accuracy Limit Factor.Example:1600/5,

15VA 5P10 (Ratio: 1600/5, Burden: 15VA, Accuracy Class: 5P, ALF: 10)
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As per IEEE Metering CT:0.3B0.1 rated Metering CT is accurate to 0.3 percent if the connected

secondary burden if impedance does not exceed 0.1 ohms.

As per IEEE Relaying (Protection) CT:2.5C100 Relaying CT is accurate within 2.5 percent if the

secondary burden is less than 1.0 ohm (100 volts/100A).

Go to Content

Quick Electrical Calculation

1HP = 0.746KW Star Connection

1KW = 1.36HP Line Voltage = 3 Phase Voltage

1Watt = 0.846 Kla/Hr Line Current = Phase Current

1Watt = 3.41 BTU/Hr Delta Connection

1KWH = 3.6 MJ Line Voltage = Phase Voltage

1Cal = 4.186 J Line Current = 3 Phase Current

1Tone = 3530 BTU

85 Sq.ft Floor Area = 1200 BTU

1Kcal = 4186 Joule

1KWH = 860 Kcal

1Cal = 4.183 Joule

Go to Content

Recommended EE articles

Maintenance and inspection of the transformer bushings

August 1, 2014
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What engineers should know about using conduits in power substation designs

July 25, 2014

An example how to calculate voltage drop and size of electrical cable

June 30, 2014

..

Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2)PostedAug 28 2013byjiguparmarinElectrical Lectures,Energy Efficencywith5 Comments
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Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow // PART 2 (on photo: Osprey Lunch Among TheElectrical Wires! by Kathleen Jackson via Flickr)

Continued from first part:Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)

Useful Electrical Equations

For Sinusoidal Current: Form Factor =RMS Value/Average Value = 1.11

For Sinusoidal Current: Peak Factor =Max Value/RMS Value = 1.414

Average Value of Sinusoidal Current (Iav) = 0.637 x Im (Im = Max.Value)

RMS Value of Sinusoidal Current (Irms) = 0.707 x Im (Im = Max.Value) A.C Current = D.C Current/0.636.

Phase Difference between Phase = 360/ No of Phase (1 Phase=230/1=360, 2

Phase=360/2=180)

Short Circuit Levelof Cable in KA (Isc) =

(0.094 x Cable Dia in Sq.mm) / Short Circuit Time (Sec)
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Max.Cross Section Area of Earthing Strip (mm2)= (Fault Current x Fault Current x OperatingTime of Disconnected Device ) / K

K = Material Factor, K for Cu = 159, K for Al = 105, K for steel = 58 , K for GI = 80

Most Economical Voltage at given Distance = 5.5 x ((km/1.6) + (kw/100)) Cable Voltage Drop (%) =

(1.732 x current x (Rcos+jsin) x 1.732 x Length (km) x 100) / (Volt(L-L) x Cable Run. Spacing of Conductor in Transmission Line (mm) = 500 + 18 x (PP Volt) + (2 x (Span in

Length)/50).

Protection radius of LighntingArrestor = h x (2D-h) + (2D+L).Where h= height of L.A, D-distance of equipment (20, 40, 60 Meter), L=V x t (V=1m/ms,

t=Discharge Time).

Size of Lightning Arrestor = 1.5x Phase to Earth Voltage or 1.5 x (System Voltage/1.732).

Maximum Voltage of the System = 1.1xRated Voltage (Ex. 66KV = 1.1 66 = 72.6KV)

Load Factor= Average Power/Peak Power

If Load Factor is 1 or 100% = This is best situation for System and Consumer both.

If Load Factor is Low (0 or 25%) = you are paying maximum amount of KWH consumption. Load

Factor may be increased by switching or use of your Electrical Application.

Demand Factor=Maximum Demand / Total Connected Load (Demand Factor 1)

Diversity factor should be consider for individual Load

Plant Factor (Plant Capacity) = Average Load / Capacity of Plant

Fusing Factor = Minimum Fusing Current / Current Rating (Fusing Factor>1).

Voltage Variation (1 to 1.5%) =((Average VoltageMin Voltage) x 100)/Average VoltageEx:462V, 463V, 455V, Voltage Variation= ((460455) x 100)/455 = 1.1%.

Current Variation (10%) =((Average CurrentMin Current) x 100)/Average CurrentEx: 30A,35A,30A, Current Variation = ((35-31.7) x 100)/31.7 = 10.4%

Fault Level at TC Secondary= TC (VA) x 100 / Transformer Secondary (V) x Impedance (%)

Motor Full Load Current = Kw /1.732 x KV x P.F x Efficiency

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Small power SLD

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Emergency Generator


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Neutral Grounding Resistor

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LV Switchgears

HV/MV/LV Capacitor Bank

DC Battery & Battery Charger

AC UPS

AC/DC Machines

CT/PT

Hazardous Area Classification and Selection of Equipments

Zone /Division Classification

Types Of Protection For Hazardous Areas

Hazardous source List Preparation

Certification Of Hazardous Area Equipment

Marking Of Equipment Nameplates

Hazardous Area Drawings / Layouts Preparation

System Studies and Calculation

Short Circuit Analysis (Fault Calculations and Stability Studies)

Load Flow Analysis

Motor Starting Study

Harmonics Study

Relay Coordination Study

Cable Selection and Sizing

Power and Control cable Introduction

Cable selection

Cable sizing for Low voltage system

Cable sizing for High voltage system

Voltage Drop Consideration


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Let through Energy consideration

Earth fault Loop Impedance consideration

Cable Schedule

Cable interconnection Schedule

Selection and Sizing of Cable Tray

Cable tray schedule

Cable Drum schedule

Conduit Selection

Conduit Sizing

Cable Routing

Cable routing Layout

Cable Tagging

Installation details

Earthing & Lightening Protection Design

Requirement of Earthing in Industrial Plants

Earthing Design calculations

Type of Earthing and Details

Earthing Installation Details

Earthing Layout Design

Lightening Protection Requirement

Lightening Protection Calculation

Lightening Installation Details

Lightening Layout Design

Illumination Design

Introduction

Type of Lighting Fixtures

Selection of Lighting Fixtures

Preparation Of Fixture Schedule


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Indoor Illumination Calculation

Outdoor Illumination Calculation

Calculation on Software

Lighting Layout Design

Lighting Installation Detail

Small Power selection

Lighting Board Schedule

Sub-Station design

Introduction

Type of Sub-Stations

General arrangement of substation

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2/17/03

Will be rewiring the house this week using some of the existing newer

cabling etc. Am thinking of a ring circuit for each of:

Upstairs and downstairs socketsKitchen/utility roomCookerImmersion heaterGarage

Which uses up the RCD protected MCBs, and:

Upstairs lightsDownstairs lightsSpare non-RCD protected for smoke alarms?

Does this look reasonable?Also, what size wires for the smoke alarm circuit?

Thank you,

Neil

Show trimmed content

[email protected]

2/17/03

Niel A. Farrow wrote:> Will be rewiring the house this week using some of the existing newer> cabling etc. Am thinking of a ring circuit for each of:>> Upstairs and downstairs socketsOK

> Kitchen/utility room

OK

> CookerNot a ring circuit, just a radial, probably wired with 4sq mm or 6sq mm cable. Doesn't need to be on the RCD side of the CU, in factit's better for it not to be as cooker elements can trip RCDs evenwhen not faulty.


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> Immersion heaterNot a ring circuit again, a radial, wired with 2.5sq mm generally (ifit's a normal size immersion heater). Again doesn't need to be on theRCD protected side of the CU.

> GarageNot a ring probably, total load in the garage can be quite happilysupplied by a 2.5sq mm radial protected by a 20 amp MCB unless you'rethinking of using serious amounts of power in the garage. It may wellalso make sense to run this from the non RCD side of the CU and havean RCD in the garage so that a fault in the garage won't disconnectthe main RCD protected circuits in the house.

There are *lots* of options for the garage, look at earlier threads onthis subject.

>> Which uses up the RCD protected MCBs, and:>> Upstairs lights> Downstairs lights> Spare non-RCD protected for smoke alarms?OK

--Chris Green ([email protected])


Christian McArdle

2/17/03

>Will be rewiring the house this week using some of the existing newer>cabling etc. Am thinking of a ring circuit for each of:> (...)> Garage

Is the garage attached or detached?

A simple ring for the garage if attached will be fine.

However, if it is detached, you should run a non-RCD circuit using armouredcable to a separate consumer unit in the garage with a separate earth rod,primary equipotential bonding and RCD on all circuits. This is called a TTsystem.

Christian.


43/47


ben

2/17/03

On Mon, 17 Feb 2003 08:43:55 +0000 (UTC),[email protected](NielA. Farrow) wrote:> Will be rewiring the house this week using some of the existing newer> cabling etc. Am thinking of a ring circuit for each of:>> Upstairs and downstairs sockets> Kitchen/utility room> Cooker> Immersion heater

> Garage

Ring circuits for the non-kitchen sockets, kitchen and garage seemlike a good plan to me. Use 32A MCBs.

What type of cooker do you have? If it's a modern electric oven with agas hob, then it might come with a 13A plug, as mine did. In thiscase, you probably could put it on a ring if you wanted.

However, if you've got an electric oven and an electric hob, you mightneed to run a radial from the CU using 6mm^2 cable. Use a cookerswitch and cooker connection unit in the kitchen, and put a 40A MCB inthe CU.

I've just rewired mine, for an oven with a 13A plug. However, I choseto run a 6mm^2 radial anyway, then put a cooker switch, then put adouble unswitched socket for the oven and gas hob ignitor. I did thisbecause we might rent this flat in the future, in which case I wouldswitch the gas hob for an electric, and so need the extra cablecapacity.

Next, I would say you probably don't need a ring circuit just for animmersion heater: instead, you could get away with just running aradial on 2.5mm^2 cable, and putting a 16A or 20A MCB in the CU. See:

http://www.tlc-direct.co.uk/Book/6.5.3.htm

...for more information.

> Which uses up the RCD protected MCBs, and:>> Upstairs lights> Downstairs lights> Spare non-RCD protected for smoke alarms?>> Does this look reasonable?
http://www.tlc-direct.co.uk/Book/6.5.3.htmhttp://www.tlc-direct.co.uk/Book/6.5.3.htmhttp://www.tlc-direct.co.uk/Book/6.5.3.htm


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This all looks right to me. Use 6A MCBs for each of these.

> Also, what size wires for the smoke alarm circuit?

1mm^2 should be fine, since they take a nominal amount of power. Infact, you might find it difficult to get three wires into the

interconnect terminals, if you use anything bigger (if yours areanything like mine, then it's a stupid and fiddly job as it is).

You probably know, but you need to use three-core and earth for thewires between detectors. Don't be tempted to use the earth wire oftwin-and-earth as an interconnect!

Good luck with it,

Ben.


Christian McArdle

2/17/03

> Are you allowed to run the armoured cable from a RCD protected circuit> in the house to the garage? (Thereby doing away with the RCD in the> garage)>> Also, am I correct in thinking that the earth rod for the garage is

> also connected to the house earth (to create equipotential between> buildings)?

No. By running from the RCD side and connecting to the house earth, you areasserting that the garage is part of the house's equipotential zone and notrunning a TT system. This can be risky in some cases. It is better to run asa TT system, unless the garage is close by.

With a garage TT system you definitely do NOT connect the earth rod to thehouse earth. The only conductors from the armoured cable you use are thelive and neutral which go straight into the RCD housed in an insulatedcasing (not metal). You then run the earthing separately from a tested earthrod, including main bonding, such as the metal framework of the garage and

incoming services if any (i.e. water/gas pipes).

If the garage is close to the house you might be able to export the earth,but you should check first.

Christian.


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Christian McArdle

2/17/03

>Thanks very much for that reply. I had been wondering about that for>some time.

The main purpose of main equipotential bonding is not to reduce the earthimpedence. It is to ensure that under fault conditions, the structure of thebuilding and any pipework do not maintain a potential difference relative tothe earthing conductors (and hence the earth) and that the pipework andstructural members are sufficiently earthed themselves to produce sufficientfault current to trip the MCB or RCD.

Obviously, in the case of an RCD, the required fault current is a fractionof that required to blow the main breaker (i.e. 100mA instead of in excessof 100A for an instantaneous break). This is why the earthing conductors maybe much smaller in an RCD based installation.

>Does one need a dedicated instrument for testing the earth impedance>or is it possible to knock one up oneself? My garage is about 15>metres from the house but has no metal framework or pipes to help>reduce the earth impedance.

You need a dedicated calibrated instrument called an earth loop tester. Thisis able to determine lots of earth related parameters, such as earth loop

impedence and prospective fault current that are necessary to determine theefficacy of earthing arrangements and the choice of protective devices. Theyare NOT cheap. They pass a considerable current through the earthingarrangements to make sure they really work. The tiny currents and voltagesmeasured by a cheap multimeter do not really give any indication about howan earthing system will work at 230V passing many kA.

Rather than buying such an instrument, it may be cheaper to instruct anelectrician to do the final testing. In the meantime, you can do all thepolarity and continuity testing using a cheap meter to make sure you don'twaste their time for the final insulation and loop testing. You should beaiming for an earth electrode impedence massively below the recommended 200ohms for a TT system.

Christian.

venkatesh290487

7/13/13


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