INDUSTRIAL ABSEILER TWIN ROPE ACCESS SYSTEM · annex. c industrial twin rope access checklist for...

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INDUSTRIAL ABSEILER TWIN ROPE ACCESS SYSTEM

(IATRAS) OPERATIVE BASIC TRAINING COURSE

Revision: 0 Date: 30 November 2012

ABSOLUTE ROPE ACCESS PTE LTD CAMP Safety (Italy)

Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By

Name: Izar Hassan Sahir Hamid Antonio Codega

Title: Technical Manager Managing Director Technical Manager

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INDUSTRIAL ABSEILER TWIN ROPE ACCESS SYSTEM (IATRAS) BASIC TRAINING COURSE

Doc No. MSP-RAN-TRN-0001

Rev 1

Date 30/11/2012

REVISION HISTORY

Rev. No.

Date Descriptions

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REFERENCES Singapore Workplace Safety & Health Act (WSHA) 2006 Singapore Workplace Safety & Health Council (WSHC) WSHC Code of Practice for Working Safely at Height 2009 Singapore Risk Management Code of Practice (RMCP) 2012 BS ISO 22846-2:2012 – Personal equipment for protection against falls — Rope access systems Part 2: Code of practice

BS 7985:2009 – Code of practice for the use of rope access methods for industrial Purposes Health & Safety Executive (UK)

Society of Professional Rope Access Technician (SPRAT) – USA Australian Rope Access Association (ARAA) – AUS Industrial Rope Access Trade Association (IRATA) – UK ABSOLUTE ROPE ACCESS PTE LTD (Ref: MSP-RAN 0001) – Rope Access Operations Control ABSOLUTE ROPE ACCESS PTE LTD (Ref: MSP-RAN 0002) – Rope Access Equipment Control ABSOLUTE ROPE ACCESS PTE LTD (Ref: MSP-RAN 0003) Rope Access Emergency Response

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CONTENTS

1.0

Introduction

2.0 Objectives

3.0 Working At Height (WAH)

4.0 Toolbox Talk and Risk Assessment

5.0 Rope Access PPE, Equipment’s & Gears

6.0 Anchor Point, Anchorage

7.0 Equipment, Gears and Standards

8.0 Safe Working Load (SWL)

9.0 Fall Factor

10.0 CE Marking and Certification

11.0 Safe Rigging

12.0 Equipment Checks

13.0 Operation Personnel Structure

14.0 Rope Access Maneuvers

15.0 Emergency Preparedness

16.0 Knots

17.0 Loss and Near Loss Reporting

ANNEX. A GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ANNEX. B Toolbox Talk Form

ANNEX. C INDUSTRIAL TWIN ROPE ACCESS CHECKLIST FOR ROPE SUSPENSION WORK

ANNEX. D WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADVISORY COMMITTEE COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE CHECKLIST (WORKING AT HEIGHT)

ANNEX. E LOSS / NEAR LOSS INCIDENT NOFICATION REPORT

ANNEX. F LOSS / NEAR LOSS INCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT

ANNEX. G Risk Assessment

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1.0 INTRODUCTION Rope access techniques have evolved from the sporting activities of caving and climbing since mid-1980s to the complex and much-intricate procedures executed by rope access operations. Calculated risks are considered as part of the sport for recreational cavers and climbers, as these ultimately test their levels of strength, skill and technique. Greatly contrasting to this lighter, higher risk approach is the paramount concern for safety conducted by a rope access technician. Not only does this safety refer to the industrial environment, but also to the technician’s protection from occupational hazard. In the rope access and construction history, approximately 60% of all fatalities result from a fall, and a fall of less than 2m. Regulated and approved Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) along with adequate equipment know-how could have prevented many of these fatalities. Without proper training and the correct PPE pose a danger not only to themselves but to others as well, and violation of such industry-implemented standards can lead to prosecution. Before the commencement of any rope access procedure, regardless of the level of difficulty, the technician and the Company must ensure that all equipment and procedures must be thoroughly inspected and adhered to. Refresher courses are highly recommended. Any questions must be addressed to the appropriate authority. 2.0 OBJECTIVES The purpose of this manual is to educate technicians and assist instructors on the prescribed list of specialist equipment to be utilized by the Rope Access Team in its operations.

2.1 This document defines and constitutes a safe system of work for those involved in rope access operations by establishing a set of general conditions and specific instructions in accordance with the guidelines set by the company. It also provides a set of pre-defined guidelines and requirements to protect employees in the event of hazards during rope access operations by practicing and efficient and systematic emergency response.

2.2 This document also highlights the duties and responsibilities of all involved in

rope access management, operations, and execution in performing their role-specific functions.

2.3 This document should not replace or substitute a technician’s practical

training and should only be used as a basis for the instructor to conduct his training.

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3.0 Working At Height (WAH)

3.1 Working at height is defined as working at any place that is 2m above, at or below ground/surface level (i.e. fall from height). Some examples of work platforms that workers may fall off/into are:

▪ Boom lifts ▪ Excavation ditches ▪ Floor openings ▪ Hanging scaffolds ▪ Mast climbing work platforms ▪ Open sides ▪ Roofs

Statistics on Fall from Height The top three incident types10 which accounted for 56% of total fatalities in 2011 were:

▪ Falls Falls from Height 11 (FFH); Slips, Trips & Falls 12; and

▪ Collapse/ Failure of Structure and Equipment

Total Falls cases increased from 22 cases in 2010 to 26 in 2011. Amongst these, 17 were FFH cases and 9 were Slips, Trips and Falls cases. FFH remained the leading incident type in 2011, with majority of cases from Construction, Marine, Manufacturing and Logistics and Transport (15 cases). While Construction and Marine saw a drop in FFH cases from 2010, Manufacturing, Logistics and Transport saw an increase in number of FFH cases.

Slips, Trips and Falls was the second highest incident type with 9 fatalities in 2011, up from 5 fatalities in 2010. 5 out of the 9 fatalities were from the Manufacturing, Transport & Storage sector.

With Falls contributing to almost half of work fatalities, more enforcement and engagement efforts will be rolled out to address work at height risks and get industry players to implement fall prevention plans and proper risk management.

3.2 Working at height is inherently hazardous. Apart from the risk of falling from

height, the risk of being struck by falling objects is another possibility. From statistics, falling objects have been among the leading causes of workplace fatalities (7 in 2007, 6 in 2008) and injuries (permanent disablements - 17 in 2007, 22 in 2008; temporary disablements – 1265 in 2007, 1603 in 2008)*.

3.2 Falling objects include hand tools which can be dropped in three ways:

1. During usage, when vigorous movement and other factors can lead to the user losing grip on the tool.

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2. During transportation, when the tools are moved or carried to the desired work location, where unintentional collisions with other objects or structures or lapses in concentration.

3. After usage where tools can be unintentionally left behind, and where

they may drop from the surface due to nearby vibrations or be knocked over the edge.

3.3 All workers and supervisory shall be required to attend the Ministry of

Manpower, Singapore WAH Training. 4.0 TOOLBOX TALK AND RISK ASSESSMENT

4.1 What is Toolbox Talk?

Is the pre-job/task briefing with the work group/team lead by the supervisor or team leader. This could also be conducted by the worker. (See ANNEX B)

4.2 What is Hazard?

A condition/situation with the potential to cause harm and/or damage to property.

4.3 What is Risk?

The likelihood of injury and/or property damage severity deriving from the hazardous condition/situation.

4.4 Generic Steps of Risk Assessment Step 1 Hazard Identification

➢ Identify Hazard ➢ Identify potential accidents or incidents

Step 2 Risk Evaluation

➢ Estimate the risk levels of the workplace hazards identified ➢ Prioritize the hazards to be controlled

Step 3 Risk Control

➢ Formulate the control measures according to the Hierarchy of Controls

➢ Analyze and evaluate residual risks

4.4.1 A simple way of describing the hazard management process is the SAFER approach: See it (identifying hazards) Assess it (risk assessment) Fix it (risk control) Evaluate it (evaluation) Review it (review).

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4.5 Types of Hazards (PCB MEF FEP HEC WAP SN)

Physical Fire (Fire/Explosion) Welfare Chemical Emergency Animal Biological Physiology Personal Mechanical Housekeeping Security Electrical Environmental Nature Fall (Slips, Trips & Impact) Communication

4.6 Hierarchy of Risk Control (ESECCRIAPAD)

Eliminate Substitute Engineering Change of method Change of pattern Reduction Isolate Administrative Personal Protective Equipment Attitude& Behavior Discipline

5.0 ROPE ACCESS PPE, EQUIPMENT& GEARS

5.1 P.P.E. Categories

The classifications of PPEs are based according to each equipment’s level of hazard against its intent. The categories are as follows.

5.1.1 Category I: Simple

These include the basic PPEs such as gloves and non-specialist coveralls. 5.1.2 Category II: Intermediate

Equipment such as helmets and protective footwear fall under this category.

5.1.3 Category III: Complex

PPEs that are classified as crucial in protecting technicians against mortal danger belong to this category. Given the critical function of every equipment during the execution of most rope access techniques, these are immediately classified under Category III. Each of these rope access equipment must undergo independent type testing, usually to European performance and standards (EN).

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The equipment must be supplied with appropriate technical and user instructions and must be manufactured under an independently verified quality system (e.g. ISO 9000) or be subjected to periodic batch testing.

6.0 Anchor Point, Anchorage

Are some of the most commonly used and essential equipment for Rope Access operations. 6.1 Classified as a rigid place, fixing or fixtures used as an attachment and support

for ropes and rope systems. 6.2 Examples of anchors are eye bolts, lift-motor room/house, sound reinforced

concrete structures, structural steel, and natural geological features. 6.3 Be aware that wet conditions can significantly affect the frictional performance

of anchor-weight systems.

6.3.1 The frictional resistance of any anchor weight should be assured by being capable of not moving when subjected to a load of four times that which will be applied in a work positioning situation.

6.3.2 A higher factor will be required if a fall arrest situation is envisaged. Users should also consider the possibility of rescue, which may involve the weight of two persons.

6.4 When selecting, placing and using anchors, the principle of double protection

applies and, therefore, at least two anchors should always be used.

6.4.1 The attachments to the anchors should at least equal the strength of the

rope(s) attached to them.

6.4.2 Redirection of ropes from an anchor should not exceed 20 degrees

unless some account is taken of the side loads that are produced at the

redirection point. Similarly, where the included angle at the attachment

is high and produces a multiplier effect, such as when anchor cables are

wrapped around lift-shaft housings, account must be taken of the extra

forces that are produced.

6.5 When an attachment is made to a structure, even if it is apparent that the

structure has more than adequate strength, it is advised nonetheless to anchor

each line separately, e.g. via two slings or two connectors. However, both

anchors may be connected to each other for added security.

6.5.1 Supervisors are responsible for checking that the ropes are correctly

rigged so that if one should fail, a shock load would not be passed on

through the system.

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6.6 Operatives and rescue services should be aware that additional anchors may be

required to facilitate workmate retrieval.

6.7 Anchors should:

6.7.1 Be unquestionably reliable;

6.7.2 Be positioned such that the operative can maintain their work position,

relative to the anchors, without difficulty;

6.7.3 Be placed so that operatives can connect to, or disconnect from, the rope

access system in an area where there is no risk of a fall from a height;

6.7.4 Have a minimum static strength of 12 kN, but preferably of 15 kN.

NOTE 1: The anchor can yield but not fail at these loads.

6.7.5 Be configured to allow the correct connection of equipment;

6.7.6 If for permanent use, be clearly marked with:

i. the manufacturer’s/installer’s name and contact detail;

ii. the service/inspection status;

iii. the load rating and direction of loading;

iv. a pictogram or other method to indicate the necessity for users to

read the instructions for use.

NOTE 2: Some jurisdictions can have additional requirements for

anchors.

6.7.7 Installers of anchors, which are fixed in concrete slab, rock and masonry,

should be aware of a number of safety issues, e.g.:

i. minimum distance required between anchors;

ii. minimum distance from any edge;

iii. correct depth; and

iv. specific requirements for solid or hollow masonry.

6.7.8 They should therefore be suitably trained and competent.

6.7.9 Where possible, anchors should be installed so that they are loaded in

shear.

6.7.10 Extreme care should be taken before deciding to place any drilled-in (to

masonry or stone) anchor in a situation where it is expected to be loaded

in axial tension.

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6.8 Where dead-weight (ballast-type) anchor systems are used, particular account

should be taken of cantilever or frictional effects. It is especially important to be

aware that wet or icy conditions can significantly affect the frictional

performance of anchor-weight systems, and lateral movement can become

unpredictable.

6.9 The frictional resistance of any anchor weight should be assured by checking

that it does not move whenever subjected to a load of four times that which is

applied in a work-positioning situation. A higher factor is required if a fall

arrest situation is envisaged. If the ballast weight is being used to resist

overturning, the manufacturer should be consulted to obtain correct weight

requirements.

6.10 Where counterweighted anchors are used, particular care should be taken to

ensure that the device is designed and counterweighted for the potential loads

caused by a potential fall. Additionally, the surfaces on which the device is

mounted should also be suitable for the significantly higher loads of a potential

fall over those normally encountered in the working situation.

6.11 Sometimes, it is necessary to re-anchor a line, e.g. to avoid a sharp edge or to

allow a change of direction. Where possible, re-anchors should be installed so

that any potential loads are in shear. Where it is only possible to install anchors

in such a position that any forces on them are axially orientated, account should

be taken of any reduction in strength caused by such placement and of any

advice or limitations that can be placed upon the anchor by the manufacturer.

6.12 In a multipoint anchor system, the angle formed by the lines between the bight

and the two anchors should be as low as possible and should generally not be

more than 90° and never beyond 120°. The greater the angle, the greater the

force there on the anchors.

6.12.1 If circumstances dictate the need for an angle greater than 90°, account

should be taken of the increased forces at the anchors, at the anchor line

terminations and on other components in the system.

6.12.2 The angle should never exceed 120°, unless specifically designed for this

purpose.

6.13 Because of the weakening effect, the feeding of anchor slings or other slings, or

strops through themselves (known as lark’s footing or choking) should be

avoided, unless they are specifically designed to allow this.

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6.14 To meet the recommendations given in this part of ISO 22846, operatives need

a separate working line and safety line. Each line should be attached to its own

anchor point. These may be connected to each other.

7.0 Equipment, Gears and Standards

7.1 Ascenders

These devices are attached to and used to climb the working rope. They should be of a type that cannot be accidentally detached from the rope once engaged and cause the minimum amount of damage to the rope when in use. Dynamic loading to the ascender when attached to the rope must be avoided as this can cause serious damage to the sheath. Ascenders should conform to EN12841.

7.2 Back-up (Fall Arrest) device

This device are attached to the safety rope and used in addition to any other equipment engaged on the working rope. Designed to be used with GOBLIN Lanyard to distance the rope from the user, no need of any energy absorber. Should the user lose control of a descend/ascend or the working rope fail, the back-up device should lock onto the safety rope and help to absorb any shock loading that may have been generated without causing damage to the safety rope. Wear-and-tear on rope is nearly eliminated; after a fall, consequences for the user and damages to the sheath are reduced to the minimum, by the very low fall-arrest force. Two functioning modes: Fall Arrester and Ascender. This is the only fall arrest device certified for single use up to 120kg and for rescue up to 200kg. (EN12841/A&B and EN353-2)

7.3 Connectors (carabiners)

All carabiners used in rope access should be of screw gate as these provide the required level of security from accidental detachment. Steel carabiners should be chosen when making attachments to other metal anchors, for example: cables, eyebolts and hangers. The carabiner should of such a design and size that it is able to rotate freely on the anchor without putting incorrect loading on the carabiner. Carabiners should only be

GOBLIN - 0999

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loaded along the axis of their length. Attaching carabiners to multiple items of equipment, having more than two carabiners connected to each other where a shock load could occur or attaching carabiners to items that are too large or of irregular shape may cause failure. Carabiners should conform to EN362.

7.4 Cow’s tail

Cow’s tails are used to connect the user’s harness to the safety or working rope (via the appropriate knots and suitable attachment points). They should be able to withstand any dynamic forces they may be subjected to, including those that may occur as a result of failure within the suspension system, generally this would require them to be made from dynamic rope with a diameter of 11 mm and should have a 10cm tail when the knot has been dressed and tightened under body weight. Cow's tails are commonly used but not certified as lanyards. Certified positioning lanyards shall comply with EN354 or EN358.

7.5 Descenders Descenders are devices which attach the person to the working rope and allow a controlled descend. They must give the user total control over the descending speed and not cause undue shock loading to the rope during breaking. The descender should be of a type that will stop the descent if control is lost by the user and cannot be accidentally detached from the rope once threaded. The descender should conform to EN12841/C and/or EN341/A.

7.6 Foot loop / Handled Ascender

Webbed ladders or aiders attached to the ascension handles that assist a person in climbing up through its series of loops - usually made from tape. This accessory cord allows a temporary weight transfer when climbing or when doing maneuvers while in suspension. Reference standard for handled ascenders is EN12841/B.

Handled Ascender

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7.7 Harnesses

The harness should be comfortable, allowing adequate movement of the user and capable of meeting the demands of the users job. Fall arrest situations require a full body harness conforming to EN 361. Suspension and positioning situations require a harness complying with EN813 and EN358 as well.

7.8 Helmets

The helmet should provide resistance to side impacts as well as from above. It shall have a fully adjustable head cradle and chinstrap for comfort and to prevent accidental loss of the helmet in the event of a fall. Industrial helmets are certified according EN397, mountaineering helmets are certified according EN12492. Both helmets can be chosen after risk assessment: EN397 helmets have an emergency release device for the chin strap whether EN12492 helmets have full-strength chin strap. EN397 helmets have limited ventilation or no ventilation, EN12492 helmets have increased ventilation.

7.9 Ropes

Polyamide or polyester ropes of a kermantel construction are normally considered suitable for rope access work. Low stretch ropes conforming to EN 1891 should be used for general rigging. This rope have undergone testing to ensure that it has a minimum breaking load of 2200 kg and the maximum elongation does not exceed 5%. Low stretch ropes are also tested by subjecting them to a series of fall factor 1 tests with a 100 kg load, generally breaking after approx. 10 fall factor 1 falls. Low stretch ropes should conform to EN 1891.

7.10 Safety Rope

Also called as the Secondary, Belay, or Backup Rope, the safety rope is used to aid fall should there be problems on the primary support, anchor, or the positioning mechanism.

Footloop/Etrier

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7.11 Working Rope

Rope primarily used for ascending, descending or positioning.

7.12 Webbing

7.12.1 Webbing equipment should be chosen so that any damage (abrasion, cutting, excessive loading, heat, UV etc.) will became immediately visible before significant loss in strength occurs. Structural stitching will be of a contrasting color to that of the webbing so as to aid inspection. Anchor slings made from textiles should have sewn joints and have a minimum rated static strength of 22 kN. Webbing slings should conform to EN795/B.

7.13 Equipment Strength

Breaking strengths may vary depending on particular product specifications from different manufacturers. The following items of equipment are typically used as part of a rope access system.

Description Breaking load LOW STRECH KERMNANTEL ROPE 10.5mm 27kN (2700 kg) STEEL SCREWGATE CARABINER 10 mm 22kN (2200 kg) WEBBING SLING 25 mm 22kN (2200 kg) WEBBING SLING 18 mm 22kN (2200 kg)

8.0 Safe Working Load (SWL)

8.1 The maximum load (as determined by a competent person) which an item of lifting equipment may rise, lower or suspend under particular service conditions. The SWL can be lower than the MBL. The MBL or the SWL must never be exceeded. 8.1.1 As a general rule in rope access all carabiners will have a SWL that is

equal to 1/5th of their minimum breaking load (MBL).

8.1.2 Textile items (webbing, lanyards and ropes) will have a MBL that is equal to 1/10th of their minimum breaking load (MBL).

8.1.3 In case where the item of personal protective equipment does not have a clearly definable breaking load (BL) e.g. ascenders and descenders, then the SWL should be regarded as being the equivalent of one person in normal use, and in case of a rescue situation, two persons.

9.0 Fall Factor

9.1 Fall Factor is a rating used to evaluate the danger of specific scenarios when working at heights. Fall Factor (Fig.1) is calculated using the following equation: Fall Factor = Height of Fall/Length of Lanyard

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9.1.1 In situations where the Fall Factor will be 0 (e.g. the worker is positioned

under the anchor point on a tensioned lanyard) or in situations where the Fall Factor is 1 or less and the freedom of movement is limited to 0.6 m or less, positioning equipment is adequate. Fall arrest equipment must be used for other situations where the Fall Factor is greater than 1 or more freedom of movement is required.

9.2 Systems involving Fall Factors include:

9.2.1 Restraint: technique used to prevent a worker from entering a fall risk area (e.g. positioning harness and lanyard EN 358).

9.2.2 Positioning: technique used to position a worker securely in a fall risk

area without creating a Fall Factor scenario (e.g. hanging beneath an anchor point in a positioning harness on a tensioned lanyard EN 358).

9.2.3 Fall Arrest: technique used to catch and reduce the force of a fall from

heights (e.g. use of a Fall Arrest Lanyard EN 361 and Shock Absorbing Lanyard EN 355)

Fig.1

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10.0 CE Marking and Certification

10.1 CE Marking

10.1.1 Ensure that all PPE equipment carries a CE mark. For category III PPE, CE dictates that the product has been independently type tested and meets the basic requirements of the personal protective equipment at work regulations 1992. The primary function of CE marking is to protect against barriers to trade the European Union. It is not meant to be taken as a mark of quality, although category III PPE is subjected to such rigorous controls that this point could be argued otherwise.

10.1.2 However, CE marking alone does not mean the item is fit for rope access.

When purchasing an item of PPE, ensure that it conforms to the European standard (EN) for that particular item and its intended use.

10.2 Equipment Marking

10.2.1 Equipment should be marked so that it may be traced to all relevant

certification. The marking of equipment will allow the origination, standard, inspection history and history of use to be established at any time for any given item. If the equipment is not marked and therefore not traceable, it should not be used.

10.3 Equipment Certification

10.3.1 All PPE must be CE marked to meet the requirements of the European

PPE directive and regulations. These regulations require the following:

a) The product must undergo independent type testing to a particular standard.

b) The manufacturer must install a quality management and assurance standard such as ISO 9000

c) The manufacturer must subject the product to regular batch testing at an approved test laboratory

d) When purchasing PPE, a certificate of conformity stating that the product meets the requirements of the PPE directive and conforms to any standards it claims to meet, should be obtained.

11.0 Safe Rigging

11.1 All persons using industrial rope access techniques must be attached to two independently attached ropes. These should be arranged so that in the event of a failure in one, the person is protected by the remaining rope and cannot suffer a fall.

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11.2 In practice, one of these ropes will be used as a primary suspension (working) rope and the other a safety (back-up) rope. Each rope should have its own separate anchor system. Ropes should be rigged so that if one should fail, a shock load would not be passed on through the system, for example the person, the remaining rope or the anchor.

11.3 No potential fall should cause the person to impact the ground. All practicable

measures should be taken to avoid impact injuries with the structure or other obstructions.

11.4 “Y” Hangs

“Y” hangs can be achieved by rigging both ropes in such a manner that each rope is attached to and shares the load between both anchor points. When the ropes are weighted, the load should be evenly distributed between both anchor points. This method of rigging is referred to as a “Y” hang.

*Note: The crucial element in this rigging method is the angle of the “Y”

11.5 Deviations

A deviation redirects the path of the ropes from the anchor points to avoid abrasion or other potential causes of damage to the ropes or to provide a more accurate access for the worker.

11.5.1 A deviation may be a sling attached to a part of the structure and then

attached to the ropes via karabiners pulling them to one side. Deviations should not pull the ropes such a distance that in the event of failure of the deviation anchor point a swing likely to cause personal injury, damage to property or abrasion could occur.

12.0 Equipment Checks

Equipment examination plays a central role and a major area of concern. They usually fall into three categories.

a) Pre use check- Before each use and continuously during use (see 121.4)

b) Periodic examination (see 12.5)

c) Thorough examination (see 12.6)

12.1 Before any work is carried out it is important to ensure that the level of

supervision is appropriate to the work situation in terms of the number of

workers being supervised and the skill levels of the workers being appropriate

for the tasks.

12.2 The supervisor role is to ensure that all work is carried out in accordance with

the method statement to ensure that there are no accidents, no wastage of

materials and no defects in the work that is being carried out.

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12.3 Any team member who has had a significant break from rope access work

should undergo refresher training prior the beginning of the work.

12.4 Pre-Use Equipment Check

12.4.1 Each suspension equipment needs to be checked prior to each use.

Before any rope maneuvers are carried out, ensure that there is a

security knot in the lower ends of both working and back-up ropes.

12.4.2 Prior to commencement of any rope access work, daily inspections and

examinations are to be carried out with all rope access equipment.

12.4.3 The pre-arranged list of certified rope access equipment shall be

referred to in cases where a rope access procedure requires additional

or replacement of items.

12.4.4 Items which serve as additional or replacement must be certified and

shall be marked with a corresponding color coding to distinguish from

the dedicated set of rope access equipment.

12.4.5 All appropriate worksite bases shall have copies of the current list of

certified rope access equipment made available.

a) Wire Slings

All wire slings shall be subjected to inspection against kinking,

deformation, or stretching of galvanized wire strands.

b) Low Stretch and Dynamic Ropes

The two parts which make up the ropes shall be checked

separately.

c) Sheath

The sheath of the rope inspected for chemical contamination,

wear, abrasion, cuts, melting, or fraying.

d) Core

To check if there are any damages or lack of uniform diameter, the core can be checked by running the rope between the fingers and feeling any irregularities.

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e) Textile Equipment

All textile equipment, such as harnesses, shall similarly be subjected for inspection against any chemical contamination, fraying, wear, abrasion, stitching damage, cuts, or melting.

f) Metal Equipment

All metal equipment shall be subjected for inspection against mechanical damage or signs of overloading, and must be cross-checked for operational performance.

g) Should there be any equipment showing signs of defect or damage, the nominated competent person shall collect them, after being clearly marked and labeled, following pre-defined procedures.

12.5 Periodic Inspections

12.5.1 It is strictly imposed that examination schemes or periodic inspections for rope access equipment in service shall be conducted with no greater than twelve (12) months interval by the nominated competent person. Following are the steps necessary for this procedure:

i. The equipment register shall be updated with every 12th

(maximum) monthly inspection.

ii. All results and findings from the conducted periodic inspections shall be logged in on the equipment register. This will be kept at the location office at all times.

iii. Previous and outdated inspection registers shall still be maintained and made available on file.

iv. The equipment register shall also be updated whenever inspection is conducted for equipment on site. A remote site form will be filled out for such inspections.

v. The equipment register shall be updated for additional equipment, working condition check, and other relevant information pertaining to all of the rope access equipment. This is in conjunction with the assigned unique identification number assigned by either the manufacturer or the nominated competent person, which is traceable to the manufacturer’s original certificate conformity. Also, the designated color code shall be updated in the equipment register, to represent a particular period of service.

*Note: It is recommended that the Periodic Inspection could be carried out every 6th monthly interval to enhance safety following the industry good practice.

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i. Wire Ropes and Slings Inspection of wire ropes and slings shall pay particular attention to kinking, deformation, or stretching of galvanized wire strands. Careful evaluation of the inner core and outer galvanized wire strands shall also include determining the presence of any corrosion. Defective equipment shall be dealt with immediate withdrawal and subject to the directives found in the control of defective equipment section of this instruction. The equipment form shall also contain the approximate running total for rope usage conducted at each periodic inspection.

ii. Low Stretch and Dynamic Ropes The two parts which make up the ropes shall be checked separately.

iii. Sheath

The sheath of the rope inspected for chemical contamination, wear, abrasion, cuts, melting, or fraying.

iv. Core To check if there are any damages or lack of uniform diameter, the core can be checked by running the rope between the fingers and feeling any irregularities.

v. During periodic inspections, sample sections of each rope shall be bent into a loop and checked for irregularities. A rope in good working condition shall appear uniform and there shall be no evidence of kinking. Defective equipment shall be dealt with immediate withdrawal and subject to the directives found in the control of defective equipment section of this instruction. The equipment form shall also contain the approximate running total for rope usage conducted at each periodic inspection.

vi. Textile Equipment All textile equipment, such as harnesses, shall similarly be subjected for inspection against any chemical contamination, fraying, wear, abrasion, stitching damage, cuts, or melting. Metal buckles shall be subject for thorough inspection against presence of any corrosion. The presence of corrosion of metal buckles contributes largely to the weakening of the webbing or the buckle itself.

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Defective equipment shall be dealt with immediate withdrawal and subject to the directives found in the control of defective equipment section of this instruction. Along with all types of equipment, textile equipment which have been exposed to high shock load or suffered a load dropped onto it shall be disposed.

vii. Metal Equipment Close inspection and evaluation shall be conducted to metal equipment against corrosion, pitting, mechanical damage or signs of overloading, deformation or cracking. Inspection of the following metal equipments can be done through the following: a) Karabiners and Maillons: In doing inspection for karabiners

and maillons, it must be ensured that the spring closures can operate without obstructions and the moving parts are free from wear. Threads must be damage-free and able to work in correct operation.

b) Descenders: All moving parts, such as the handle spring, cam and the spring-loaded snap gate, shall be inspected for wear and from any movement obstruction. Fixings and friction cams shall be checked for security and for any signs of wear.

c) Back-up Devices: Cam pegs, cam spring, and all moving parts shall be inspected for obstruction-free movement, correct operation and for any signs of wear.

d) Ascenders: All moving parts, the gripping points on the cam face, the cam hinge, spring and lock shall be inspected for wear and from any movement obstruction.

e) Pulleys: All moving parts and the pulley wheel shall be inspected for wear and from any movement obstruction.

f) Clamps: All moving parts and the clamp shall be inspected for wear and from any movement obstruction.

*Note: Defective equipment shall be dealt with immediate withdrawal and subject to the directives found in the control of defective equipment section of this instruction. 12.6 Thorough Inspection

12.6.1 Thorough inspection should be performed as per manufacturer recommendation and/or relevant governing body requirement whichever is greater.

12.6.2 It must be carried out by a competent person with appropriate practical

and theoretical knowledge and experience of the equipment to be thoroughly examined as it will enable them to detect defects or weaknesses, to assess their importance in relation to the safety and continued use of the equipment and be able to specify appropriate

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remedial action understanding of potential hazards related to the equipment and the work it may be used for.

12.6.3 Any items showing signs of defect or alteration without the approval of

the manufacturer should be removed from service immediately. 12.7 Equipment Storage

12.7.1 Equipment should be stored in a secured environment to which access is restricted to necessary, competent personal only.

12.7.2 After the equipment has been cleaned, dried, serviced and inspected, it

should be stored in a dry, well ventilated environment away from direct sunlight, other sources of excessive heat and away from any chemical products.

12.7.3 When on-site, ropes and other items should be stored loose in

equipment sacks in a safe, secure place to reduce the risk of chemical or mechanical damage.

12.8 Equipment Quarantine

12.8.1 A quarantine procedure is necessary to ensure that:

a) New equipment does not enter service without first being inspected, marked and the details of such being entered into the relevant logs.

b) Defective or suspect equipment which has been withdrawn from service does not enter service again without the inspection or approval of a competent person.

c) Equipment awaiting disposal cannot re-enter service.

d) Equipment returned from operations does not re-enter service without first being inspected.

e) When an item enters quarantine, it should be inspected by a competent person and a secure label should be attached to it stating the reason.

f) The Supervisor shall be responsible for recoding any defective or uncertified items identified during the conducted inspections in the Quarantine Register.

g) A warning sign indicating “Quarantine Area” will be placed in appropriate area of the stores.

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h) The Quarantine Area shall contain all the defective and unidentified items, which should be distinctly separated from the other rope access equipment.

i) The nominated competent person shall verify and thoroughly evaluate the conditions of the reported defective or uncertified items.

j) Reuse of defective items must be prevented by destroying or cutting into pieces.

13.0 Operation Personnel Structure

13.1 Recommended Rope Access operation personnel structure Roles & Responsibilities:

13.1.4 Quality Manager

The Quality Manager will sign final approval and issuance of work instruction and procedures set by the Company.

13.1.2 Rope Access Manager

a) The Rope Access Manager will manage, implement and ensure that all the requirements of the rope access operations are fulfilled. The Rope Access Manager must also ensure that a Site Supervisor is assigned and present in all rope access operations.

b) The Rope Access Manager must possess a strong knowledge of rope access guidelines and procedures such as (but not based in the order of importance) safety, training of those involved in the program, regulations, staff requirement, and selection and management of equipment, among others assigned by the employer.

c) It is the responsibility of the Rope Access Manager to ensure that the specialist suspension equipment are utilized by the rope access technicians. The control of storage, issue and receipt, and certification of Company items are also assigned to the Rope Access Manager.

13.1.3 Site Supervisor The Rope Access Supervisor is responsible for overseeing other rope access technicians at the work site and ensuring that proper work procedures are carried out based on the requirement. The Supervisor is assigned to post by the Rope Access Manager, and manages the periodic inspection and certification of the specialist suspension equipment. Duties includes:

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a) Oversees that all personnel are issued with their individual harnesses and personal rope access equipment, and are utilized correctly as prescribed by the Company-set guidelines.

b) Oversees that a formal record is prepared upon issuance of harnesses and personal rope access equipment to the operatives.

c) Oversees that the harnesses and lanyards are in accordance with the requirement of the job specification in terms of type and size.

d) Oversees that operatives possess the adequate training upon issuance of the harnesses and lanyards. Safe use, inspection, and storage must be carried out, and all operatives involved have undergone relevant training. Records of this training must be kept and made available at all times.

e) Oversees that an updated and concise record of the historical report and lifespan information of the harness and lanyard shall be maintained. This will include: ✓ Issue and re-issue records ✓ Inspection records ✓ Examination records ✓ Transfer or write-off records

13.1.4 Employees

a) All employees shall be responsible and compliant to work safely

and not to endanger oneself and/or others.

b) All employees must ensure that specialist suspension equipment is inspected prior to use. Should there be any defects or doubts in the equipment, an immediate reporting to the Site Supervisor must be done.

14.0 Rope Access Maneuvers

14.1 Descending

a) At the top of the rope drop, first attach the back-up device and then the descender to their respective ropes.

b) Attention must be paid to any large distance between the anchors and the point where you attach your descender. The rope may stretch once a load is placed on it. If sufficient measures have not been taken, the person may drop, stressing the anchor points and placing the user in a situation where he/she has no control.

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c) Lock off the descender in such a position that when the working rope is under tension it will overcome the edge of the drop and sit within .3 cm of the top of the drop.

d) Move the back-up device on the back-up rope to a position which minimizes any falling distance.

e) Move over the edge in a controlled manner until your weight is transferred to the working rope.

f) Check that all equipment is loaded correctly and that it is safe to descend.

g) Unlock the descender and descend. The right hand should always maintain a firm grip on the rope below the descender throughout the descend.

h) Ensure that the back-up device travels freely down the ropes as you descend.

i) If you need to stop and use both hands for a work task, ensure your descender is locked off.

j) If you lose control of your descend at any time, let go of all equipment. The descender device will lock automatically onto the working rope or/and the back-up device will lock onto the safety back-up rope

14.2 Ascending

a) First attach the back-up device to the safety rope.

b) Attach the chest ascender to the working rope.

c) Attach the handled ascender and the foot loop to the working rope above the chest ascender. A cow’s tail should be attached to the handled ascender whenever it is removed from the working rope to ensure that it cannot be dropped and so cause injury to people working below.

d) Stand in the foot loop so that the handled ascender is weighted and the working rope will ride through the chest ascender. If the rope drags through the chest ascender, hold the rope coming out of the bottom of the ascender in your hand or grip it between your feet.

e) Lift your feet and move the handled ascender further up the rope.

f) Repeat the process by standing up in the foot loop attached to the handled

ascender.

g) The back-up device should be kept as high as possible.

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14.3 Changing From Ascent to Descent

a) Place the back-up device up on the safety rope.

b) Attach the descender device into the working rope, directly below the chest ascender.

c) Take in any slack rope through the descender until approximately 50mm remains between the descender and the chest ascender.

d) Lock off the descender.

e) Move the back-up device to a position just above the waist height.

f) Position the handled ascender at head height so that when standing in the foot loop, weight will just be taken from the chest ascender.

g) Stand up in the foot loop whilst disengaging the chest ascender and sit back onto the descender, which will then became weighted.

h) Remove the handled ascender and foot loop from the working rope and begin to descend.

14.4 Changing From Descend to Ascent

a) Stop the descent. Lock off the descender and position the back-up device high up on the safety rope.

b) Attach the handled ascender to the working rope above the descender leaving room between the two to allow attachment of the chest ascender.

c) Remove the descender from the working rope and begin to ascend 14.5 Rope to Rope Transfer

a) Before attempting any rope to rope transfer, ensure you are in descent mode.

b) Lock off the descender and position the back-up device high up on the safety rope.

c) Take hold of the new working rope and attach both ascenders to it, taking care to pull through all slack rope so that the chest ascender is in tension.

d) Tie a knot (alpine butterfly) high up on the new safety rope and attach a cow’s tail.

e) Descend the original working and safety ropes until the weight is transferred to the new ropes.

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f) Remove the descender and back-up device.

g) Place the back-up device on the new safety rope above the knot, remove

the cow’s tail and untie the knot. 14.6 Passing Knots (Ascent & Descent Mode)

a) If the drop is particularly long, it may be necessary to join ropes together using a suitable knot.

b) Whenever a joining knot is tied, a loop knot should accompany it to assist

the operative in passing where the ropes are joined.

c) The implications of tying a mid-rope knot in a rescue situation should be considered.

d) Where a knot has been tied to remove a damaged section of rope then it will be necessary to tie an additional knot either above or below the damaged section in order to make a safe attachment during knot passing maneuvers.

e) By utilizing the casualty’s descender device during a ‘Snatch Rescue’ it is possible to switch ropes thus bypassing the knot with only the back-up device requiring the removal.

14.7 Ascent (Knot in Working Rope)

a) Ascent the ropes until just below the knot ensuring the back-up device is placed high up on the safety rope.

b) Remove the handled ascender and replace on the working rope above the knot.

c) Remove the cow’s tail attached to the handled ascender and attach to the loop of the knot.

d) A short cow’s tail could be used for this operation, however it would be advisable to lower the handled ascender to ensure that in the event of a slip or fall whilst carrying out the maneuvers the handled ascender is not dynamically loaded.

e) In one movement, stand up in the foot loop, remove the chest ascender and replace it above the knot.

f) Remove the cow’s tail from the loop of the knot and re-attach it to the handled ascender. Continue to ascend.

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14.8 Ascent (Knot in Safety Rope)

a) Ascend until just below the knot and lock off the descender.

b) Attach a cow’s tail to the loop of the knot.

c) Remove the back-up device and re-attach it above the knot.

d) Remove the cow’s tail, unlock the descender and continue to ascent. 14.9 Descent (Knot in Working Rope)

a) Descend until the knot is approx. 50mm from the entry into the descender device. This effectively locks the descender device. Ensure the back-up device is high up on the safety rope.

b) Attach the handled ascender to the working rope above the descender, stand in the foot loop and attach the chest ascender above the descender.

c) Remove the descender and replace it on the working rope below the knot. Lock off the descender.

d) Progress downwards on the ascenders (reverse prussic), moving the back-up device down as you descend, until the chest ascender is just above the knot.

e) Standing in the foot loop, remove the chest ascender and sit back on the descender.

f) Remove the handled ascender and continue to descend.

14.10 Descent (Knot in Safety Rope)

a) Carry out these maneuvers in the same way as if in ascent mode but in reverse.

b) Descend until just below the knot and lock off the descender.

c) Attach a cow’s tail to the loop of the knot.

d) Remove the back-up device and re-attach it below the knot.

e) Remove the cow’s tail, unlock the descender and continue to descend. 14.11 Buddy to Buddy Rescue

a) Ascend the casualty’s safety rope with your back-up device on the

casualty’s working rope

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b) Ascend 0.5m above casualty

c) Make an attachment to the casualty and move your back-up device above

the casualty. This attachment may remain in place acting as a secondary

back-up to the connection made with 2 or 3 karabiners.

d) Change into descend mode. Now you should be at the same level as the

casualty

e) Lower the casualty using his/her own descender until he/she is weighted

on your harness

f) Remove casualty’s descender

g) Before descending with the casualty an additional breaking karabiner

should be placed to the descend system and the rescuer should descend

slowly and in a controlled manner

14.12 Aid Climb

a) What is Aid Climb?

Aid Climb is an efficient and safe method of movement on a fixed

line or lateral movement to gain access to work location/position in which

the climber moves from one anchor to another closely placed anchor. Aid

climbing techniques used by rope access technicians may use techniques

other than a safety line for fall protection such as positioning lanyards,

backup lanyards and bypass lanyards.

Aid climbing allows the operator to climb a face or structure without the

direct benefit of hands and feet as a primary access method. Rescue

techniques should be practiced regularly before conducting aid climbing

to ensure that any rescue action can be done by experienced team

members immediately should the need arise.

Aid climbing maneuvers could be carried out in both horizontally and

vertically.

b) Why Aid Climb?

i. When rigging ropes not possible due to lack of access to the

location/position.

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ii. Rigging new sets of ropes shall result in lost time delay to the job/task,

thus cost incurred time lost delay.

Example: Under bridges, internal roof structures, towers etc.

c) Aid Climb Rule of Thumb

“Plus before Minus” the point of contacts. This means that since two (2)

points of contact must be maintained at all times when on ropes, a third

(3rd) point of contact must always be anchored before releasing a point to

move across structures and thus anchoring that 3rd point again.

14.13 Horizontal Aid Climbing

This technique is used to make horizontal progress whilst suspended from a

structure or a series of suitable anchor points. It is important that you are

connected to 2 independent anchor points at all times.

a) Ascend the ropes stopping just below the aid route.

b) Remove hand ascender cow’s-tail and attach it directly to the rope anchor

point karabiner.

c) Attach spare cow’s-tail into first free anchor point karabiner, (a descender

may be put on at this point if you wish) stand up and remove the chest

ascender from working rope and place onto spare cow’s-tail, pull through

any slack, sit back. (Floating / short cow’s-tail).

d) Remove the hand ascender and attach its cow’s tail to the next free anchor

point karabiner. (Leading cow’s-tail). You will now be attached to 2

separate anchor points with your cow’s-tails.

e) Remove shunt device and attach its cow’s-tail to the first free anchor point

karabiner (same anchor point as spare cow’s tail with Croll on it). Attach

an etrier to this cow’s-tail. (Trailing cow’s-tail).

f) Stand in the foot loop and etrier, remove the floating / short cow’s-tail

with Chest Ascender and attach to the same anchor point Karabiner as the

leading cow’s-tail.

g) Remove the leading cow’s-tail and move it forward to the next free anchor

point karabiner.

h) Remove the trailing cow’s-tail and re-attached to the floating / short

cow’s-tail anchor point karabiner.

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i) Stand in the foot loop and remove the floating / short cow’s-tail, re-

attaching it to the leading cow’s-tail anchor point karabiner.

j) Repeating the procedure; systematically moving the cow’s-tails in the

direction of travel, removing and then relocating each cow’s-tail in turn

will allow you to make forward progress.

k) Aim to be suspended from the short/floating cow’s tail at all times unless

involved in the process of moving it. This ensures that you remain close to

the structure and that other cow’s-tails can be relocated freely whilst not

being placed under any load.

l) It is possible to make horizontal progress sliding along a structure by

utilizing three wires or webbing slings:

i. Attach the leading and trailing cow’s-tails to the two outside slings and

attach the short cow’s-tail to the central sling.

ii. De-weight the central sling by standing in the foot loop and/or etrier

and move this sling in the direction of travel.

iii. Re-weight the central sling and move the leading and trailing slings in

the same direction.

iv. Repeat this process until a junction is encountered. Pass the obstruction

by removing one sling at a time whilst maintaining two independent

attachments.

14.14 Vertical Aid Climbing

This technique is used to make vertical progress whilst suspended from a

structure or a series of suitable anchor point.

It is important to ensure that should an anchor point fail the operative’s fall

height is reduced to as short a distance as is reasonably practicable.

The following routine gives the example of ascending a vertical aid route from

ground level.

a) Attach a long cow’s-tail to the first attachment point, which will generally

be at approx. 2m above ground level and attach to the cow’s-tail karabiner

a foot loop (Trailing cow’s-tail).

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b) Stand in the foot loop and attach a cow’s-tail with Chest Ascender

connected (short/floating cow’s-tail) to the same attachment point

karabiner.

c) Attach a second long cow’s-tail to the next attachment point karabiner and

attach to the cow’s tail karabiner a foot loop. (Leading cow’s-tail).

d) Stand in the upper foot loop, remove the short cow’s-tail and re-attach to

the upper attachment point karabiner.

e) Repeating the procedure, systematically moving the leading cow’s-tails in

the direction of travel, removing and then relocating each other cow’s-tail

in turn will allow you to make upward progress in much the same way as

if progressing horizontally.

f) Aim to be suspended from the short/floating cow’s-tail at all times unless

involved in the process of moving it. This ensures that you remain close

to the structure and that other cow’s-tails can be relocated freely whilst

not being placed under any load.

15.0 Emergency Preparedness

a. Coordinate with Building Rep or Client Rep and brief the team the Emergency Response Plan and Muster Points.

b. Determine mode of communication/notification in the event of emergency or building alarm sounded.

c. Ensure rescue personnel present at strategic location to be able to render/execute immediate rescue without delay at all times when technicians are on ropes.

d. Always ensure to identify the set of ropes that must touch the ground.

e. First Aid Kit to be on work site at all times.

15.1 In the event of Industrial Abseiler Technician injury on ropes a. Should the location/position of the injured rope technician be accessible to

execute the buddy to buddy rescue, it should be carried out without delay by the nearest rope technician.

b. Should the co-rope technician is not confident to execute the rescue or it requires a more complex rescue, immediately inform the supervisor/rescuer on stand-by.

c. Treat all injury on rope for “Suspension Trauma” and must never make the injured person to lie down but instead to place the injured in a sitting position or placed sitting on a chair.

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d. Supervisor/Rescuer shall determine the need for an ambulance he will be

the most ideal person to advice on action and/or first aid to suspension trauma victim.

e. Should an ambulance is required, the medic in attendance must be informed of the suspension trauma.

f. Supervisor/Rescuer to assist medic and accompany injured in the ambulance to the hospital.

15.2 In the event of Fire Emergency Evacuation

a. On hearing the alarm or receiving the emergency notification through the

communication mode established, supervisor to immediately instruct the rope technician to retreat down to safety and proceed to the muster point.

b. Supervisor to ensure that all rope technicians have landed safely on the ground before proceeding to evacuate himself via nearest exit.

c. Depending on the situation/condition that the emergency dictates, evacuation shall be via ropes retreat or nearest emergency exit staircase.

d. Rope technicians to report to immediate supervisor at the Muster Point/Emergency Assembly Area, who will then report to the Emergency Coordinator/Marshall.

e. Do not re-enter the building without authorization.

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16.0 Knots Figure of 8 Figure of 8 knot follow through

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Alpine butterfly knot Stopper knot

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17.0 Loss and Near Loss Reporting

17.1 Accident (Loss) is defined as an unwanted and unplanned event that resulted in injury to person/s or damaged to property.

17.2 Incident (Near Loss) is defined as an unwanted and unplanned event with the

potential to cause the likelihood of injury severity to person/s or property damaged.

17.3 Why investigate an accident/incident (Loss/Near Loss))?

There are several reasons why it is important to investigate an accident/incident. Some of these reasons include: 17.3.1 Accidents are a failure in the Management system, therefore, we

must find causes & take actions to prevent recurrence Identify trends in accident experience.

17.3.2 Comply with select Governing Body and/or Authority Regulations.

17.3.3 Satisfy public concern. 17.3.4 Litigating accident claims. 17.3.5 A successful accident/incident investigation will prevent similar

accidents which reduce costs and increase profits. 17.4 What accidents/incidents do we investigate?

17.4.1 All accidents/incidents have the potential to be serious, therefore all

accidents should be investigated.

17.4.2 The individual responsible for the investigation will vary based to some degree on the severity and the management structure. However, it is common in many organizations for the first line supervisor to initiate the investigation of accidents in their department.

17.5 Purpose of investigation

17.5.1 The most obvious purpose of investigating accidents is to identify

causes and provide information for decision making on remedial actions.

17.5.2 Investigations can also provide written evidence of facts surrounding

the accident and allow a means for analyzing accident data to identify trends.

17.5.3 This written record can be very important if litigation results from the

accident.

17.6 Accident/Incident action to be taken flow for workers

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*Important: Report all accidents; incidents; and unsafe acts & conditions without delay!

*Refer to Annex E & F for blank form sample guide.

Discover

Accident/Incident

▪ Attend to injured and ask for assistance to get help.

▪ Guard and/or barrier off scene to preserved evident.

Participate in investigation.

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ANNEX. A GLOSSARY OF TERMS Anchor point, Anchorage Classified as place, fixing or fixtures used as an attachment and

support for ropes and rope systems. Ascender A rope grab that securely grips the rope when pulled in one

direction and glides freely when pulled in the other when climbing.

Back-up Device A type of device that prevents fall or injury by locking up to the

rope or allowing only minimal movement in the presence of any problems at the working line system.

Carabiner Connector with a spring-loaded entry gate made of steel or

aluminum. CE Marking CE marking indicates that the product has been independently

type tested and meets the basic requirements of the personal protective equipment at work regulations 1992.

Company Refers to Absolute Rope Access Pte Ltd or its affiliates. Cows-tail An individual lanyard, short strop or sling designed for

movement along horizontal ropes and absorbs shock load in the event of a fall.

Descender Normally attached on the person, a descender controls the rate of

the technician’s descent by acting as a friction brake on the rope. Dynamic Load Also referred to as live load, a dynamic load is one that can change

or is applied with motion. It is relevantly useful to determine the load limit of equipment.

Equipment Register A system used for logging transactions and keeping information

relating to purchase, storage, issuance and receipt of equipment. Etrier or footloop Webbed ladders or aiders attached to the ascension handles that

assist a person in climbing up through its series of loops - usually made from tape. This accessory cord allows a temporary weight transfer when climbing or when doing maneuvers while in suspension.

MaillonRapide Type of connector used for multi-directional loading and is made

from steel or aluminum. Also known as “quicklink” or “screwlink connector,” a maillon is also designed for rigging and as an attachment on a harness.

Rope Access Refers to all techniques implementing the use of ropes to gain

access to buildings, on or offshore structures, geological features, or manmade features. Ropes are primarily used for

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support, protection, or positioning whereby qualified personnel ascend or descend on a rope or traverse along horizontal rope.

Rope Access Technician Fully qualified and trained personnel with industrial rope access

experience relevant in performing the duties based on assigned level of responsibility.

Safety Rope Also called as the Secondary, Belay, or Backup Rope, the safety

rope is used to aid fall should there be problems on the primary support, anchor, or the positioning mechanism.

Specialist Suspension Supplementary equipment other than the ones Equipment stated as standard rope access equipment. Working Rope Rope primarily used for ascending, descending or positioning.

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ANNEX. B Toolbox Talk Form

CLIENT

PROJECT/ JOB NUMBER

LOCATION

CONDUCTED BY Name/Sign

DATE/TIME

MANDATORY TOPICS TO BE HIGHLIGHTED/DISCUSSED:

1. Check harness daily and/or before use.

2. Check cowstail, riggings, anchorage points and knots.

3. Ensure 2 points of contact at all times when on ropes and 3 points contact when aid climbing.

4. All rope access technicians to note or know which ropes hit the floor before going on ropes.

5. Ensure security knots at the end of each rope.

6. Do not put yourself in a position where your workmate and/or others cannot get you out to safety.

7. When on ropes always check for buildings or structures protruding sharp edges.

8. Apply effective padding and/or rope protector sleeves when placing ropes on sharp edges.

9. Always attached the back-up devices and then the descender device before going/climbing off the edges of building and/or railing.

10. Lanyard all tools/equipment’s and if necessary to use tape sling.

11. Equipment/Tools 10 kg or more shall be suspended on an independent rope.

12. Check for potential dropped objects and secure all loose objects.

13. Always wear/use the correct PPE that the job dictates.

14. Do not work alone – ensure buddy system at all times

All to comply with the BS 7985 (Code of practice for the use of rope access methods for industrial purposes); the Client and rope access industry practice safety rules & regulations.

OTHERS: -

ATTENDANCE LIST:

NAME SIGN NAME SIGN

1. 7.

2. 8.

3. 9.

4. 10.

5. 11.

6. 12.

*Note: Please attached separate attendance list if the above space is insufficient.

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ANNEX. C

INDUSTRIAL TWIN ROPE ACCESS CHECKLIST FOR ROPE SUSPENSION WORK

This is a site checklist that may be freely used by the Rope Access Team Leader/Supervisor prior to each building activity being undertaken. It should be maintained at the worksite and produced when requested by the Building Manager or authorized officer.

Client: Date/Time:

Location/Project Number:

Activity being undertaken:

Building Manager/ Authorized Officer:

Health & Safety Rep: Team Leader/ Supervisor:

Item Descriptions Yes No N/A

1. SITE ASSESSMENT

a Has a risk assessment been undertaken for the task being performed?

b

Does the risk assessment consider weather observations and forecasts, emergency response, site specific hazards, interfacing work activities and communications and are the risks controlled so far as is reasonably practicable? The hierarchy of control must be used when controlling risk.

c Are all team members trained and competent for the tasks they have been assigned to work?

d Have all team members provided a copy of their training certificate of competency (or other appropriate) for the building manager?

e Have all team members received an adequate briefing and/or toolbox talk at the site prior to commencing work? Employees must be consulted on any matter that may affect their health or safety.

f

Have all areas of public or trades access to the base and anchorage locations of the work site been suitably signed and barricaded? (including balconies) Note, permits and/or acknowledgement documentation required in some cases. The public must be protected from anything that may occur during the work activity by either barricades, catch platforms or an observer situated at street/ground level.

g

Has a rescue method been considered and agreed with team (this should include emergency contacts) Supervisor is responsible to ensure a prompt method of rescue is available. In some cases this may include use of a pre-rigged rescue system

h Is there a first aid kit on site?

2. WORK METHOD

a Are two independently anchored ropes being used for each person? A safety line as well as a working line must be attached by each worker before they suspend themselves. Both lines should be of the same diameter.

b Will the primary anchors sustain a force of 12 kN? If there is any doubt, an engineer is to make the assessment.

c Do the ropes reach the ground or a suitable landing site and are stopper knots tied?

d Is sufficient padding of edges used to eliminate the chance of rope damage? Such devices may include padding, protective sleeves or a roller system.

e Are deviation/diversion anchors of adequate strength?

f Are instructions available for any proprietary anchor systems being used?

3. PERSONAL SPECIFIC

a Are rope access workers all wearing suitable harness including shoulder straps?

b Do the descender devices have a “dead man” hands off function?

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c Are suspended workers able to communicate with another person at all times?

d Have operators checked equipment condition before use?

e Are all tools secured to prevent dropping? All tools shall be secured by means of a line of sufficient length and strength to permit their satisfactory use.

f Are all tools over 8 kg in weight independently suspended using a separate line? Under no circumstances are tools to be attached to the worker’s secondary safety system.

g Is there rope protection in the case of cutting or grinding works? Such devices may include steel lanyards, plastic rope sleeves and hot-work blankets.

h

Do all personnel have sufficient safety and protective equipment for their tasks? A suitable helmet with chin strap shall be used in all situations. Gloves, protective and wet weather clothing, footwear, hearing and eye protection, respiratory equipment, sunscreens are to be considered.

4. REFERENCES AND FURTHER INFORMATION

WSH Act 2006 and WSH (Work At Height) Regulation 2013 BS 7985:2009 Code of practice for the use of rope access methods for industrial purposes BS ISO 22846-2:2012 Personal equipment for protection against falls — Rope access systems Part 2: Code of practice Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 Occupational Health and Safety (Prevention of Falls) Regulations 2003 Work Safe publication, Prevention of Falls in General Construction (Code of Practice No.28, 2004) ARAA (Australian Rope Access Association) Industry Code September 2005 IRATA (Industrial Rope Access Trade Association)

5. SITE ISSUES

Issue Recommendation/s Actioned

a

b

c

6. COPIES (where/if applicable) Signature

a

Team Leader/Supervisor

b

Health & Safety Representative/s

c

Building Manager/Authorized Officer

February 2012

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ANNEX. D WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADVISORY COMMITTEE COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE CHECKLIST (WORKING AT HEIGHT)

Measures to be taken to prevent falls Yes No NA Remarks

1 Every open side or opening into or through which a person may fall shall be covered or guarded by an effective barrier to prevent falls.

2 Open sides Every open side of a staircase is provided with a substantial handrail and lower rail or other effective means and maintained.

3 Hand/Foothold Secure handhold and foothold is provided for any person who has to work at a place from which he would be liable to fall: (a) a distance of more than 2m; or (b) into any substance which is likely to cause drowning or asphyxiation.

4 If item 3 is not practicable, other suitable means such as a safety harness or safety belt shall be provided.

5 Anchorage If a safety harness or safety belt is provided, then a.) there shall be sufficient and secured anchorage b.) the anchorage shall not be lower than the level of the working position of the person wearing the harness or belt.

6 Risk of drowning Person who is exposed to the risk of falling into water and of drowning shall be provided with : (a) equipment and means of rescue and resuscitation; and (b) suitable life jackets or other equipment for keeping such person afloat.

Work on Steep Roofs Yes No NA Remarks 7 Where work is being performed on roofs

having a gradient greater than 1/4, there shall be provided protection against sliding.

Safety belt/safety harness/safety harness & Lifelines Yes No NA Remarks

8 Safety belt/safety harness, life lines and all devices for the attachment of life lines shall be of adequate strength and of a type tested and approved by a testing body (PSB).

9 Every safety belt/safety harness made available or supplied to any person for his personal protection shall be used by the person in the performance of his work.

10 Anchorage When the use of a safety belt/safety harness is necessary for a person’s safety, adequate and suitable means of anchorage for the safety belt/safety harness shall, if practicable, be provided.

11 Where it is not practicable to comply with item 10, a life line securely attached to sufficient anchorage shall be provided.

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12 At all times during use, the safety belt/safety harness shall be attached to an anchorage or to a life line securely attached to one or more points of an anchorage.

13 The life line shall be longer than is required to permit a worker to perform his work and the point or points of anchorage of the life line shall in no case be lower than the level of his working position.

14 Instruction Every employee who is provided with a safety belt/safety harness shall be instructed in the proper method of wearing and using it, as well as attaching it to the life line.

15 Life line Padding, wrapping or similar means shall be provided to protect every life line from contact with edges or objects which may cut or severely abrade it.

16 Inspection Every safety belt/safety harness and every life line shall be inspected by a designated person before use by an employee.

17 No employer shall suffer or permit an employee to use a safety belt/safety harness or life line which shows any indication of wear, damage or deterioration likely to affect its strength and no such safety belt/safety harness or life line shall be kept on the worksite.

Safety Nets Yes No NA Remarks 18 Every safety net shall be of a type tested and

approved by a testing body (PSB).

19 Every safety net or combination of safety nets shall be of sufficient size and strength to catch any person for whose protection it is used and so located as to cover the area of possible fall.

20 Every safety net shall be attached to sufficient anchorages or supports outside and beyond the area of possible fall and supported at a height sufficient to prevent sagging to any surface or object beneath when cushioning the fall of a person.

Construction of Ladders and Step-Ladders Yes No NA Remarks 21 Construction

Every ladder and step-ladder shall be of good construction, sound material and adequate strength for the purpose for which it is used.

22 Rise/handhold Where a ladder is used as a means of communication or as a working place, the ladder shall rise or adequate handhold shall be provided to a height of at least one metre above the place of landing of the highest rung to be reached by the feet of any person working on the ladder, as the case may be, or if that is impracticable to the greatest practicable height.

23 Footing

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Ladders or step-ladders shall not stand on loose bricks or other loose packing, but shall have a level and firm footing.

24 Securely Fixed Every ladder shall so far as practicable be securely fixed so that it can move neither from its top nor from its bottom points of rest.

25 If the ladder cannot be so securely fixed, it shall where practicable be securely fixed at the base or if such fixing at the base is impracticable, a person shall be stationed at the base of the ladder to prevent slipping or falling.

26 Item 25 shall not apply to a ladder less than 3 metres in length and not used as a means of communication if it is securely placed so as to prevent it from slipping or falling.

27 Secured Every ladder shall be — (a) secured so as to prevent undue swaying; (b) equally and properly supported on each upright; (c) so used as not to cause undue sagging; and (d) placed as nearly as possible at an inclination of 4 in one.

28 Landing place Every ladder or run of ladders rising a vertical distance of over 9 metres shall, if practicable, be provided with an intermediate landing place so that the vertical distance between any 2 successive landing places shall not exceed 9 metres.

29 Every landing place shall be of adequate dimensions and, if a person is liable to fall therefrom for a distance of more than 3 metres, shall, except in so far as that is not reasonably practicable, be provided with sufficient and suitable guardrails to a height of at least one metre above the landing place.

30 Opening Where a ladder passes through an opening in the floor of a landing place, the opening shall be as small as it is reasonably practicable.

31 Rungs No ladder shall be used which has — (a) a missing or defective rung; or (b) any rung which depends for its support solely on nails, spikes or other similar fixing.

Trench Excavation Yes No NA Remarks 32 Piling, shoring and bracing used in a trench

excavation to protect persons against falling or sliding material shall be of adequate strength.

Training Yes No NA Remarks 33 Duty of employer to ensure that workers have

adequate instruction, information, training and supervision as is necessary for that person to perform his work.

WSH (RISK MANAGEMENT) Regulations Yes No NA Remarks

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34 Risk assessment has been conducted and documented for work at height.

35 All reasonably practicable steps been taken to eliminate any foreseeable risk.

36 Record of the risk assessment is maintained. Records shall be kept for a period of not less than 3 years.

37 Persons exposed to risks are informed of the nature and safe work procedures are implemented to eliminate and control these risks.

38 The risk assessment should be reviewed and revised at least once every 3 years; and upon the occurrence of any bodily injury or significant change in work practices or procedures.

For further information, please refer to the ProBE Technical Advisory for Falling From Height. Note: This checklist is however only a basic compliance assistance toolkit and is not exhaustive. It only provides a general overview of the basic compliance items. It is envisaged that you may need to make further customisation or modification to the checklist to cater for the specific processes and conditions in your workplaces.

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ANNEX. E

*LOSS / NEAR LOSS INCIDENT NOFICATION REPORT (*To be submitted within 24hrs after incident)

(A)

DETAILS OF INCIDENT (*Please fill in NA if not applicable)

Project: Country:

Exact

location:

Date of

incident:

Time of

incident:

Activity at time of

incident:

(B)

DETAILS OF PERSON INVOLVED (*Please fill in NA if not applicable)

Name of injured or person

involved: Male Female

Nationality: Date of birth:

NID/PP number: PP expiry date:

Occupation:

(C)

TYPE OF INCIDENT (*Please tick appropriate box/es)

Injury to Personnel Pollution of the Environment Damage to Property

Occupational Health Dangerous Occurrence

Others (*Please describe)

TYPE OF HAZARD (*Please tick appropriate box/es)

PHYSICAL FIRE ENVIRONMENT SECURITY

CHEMICAL FALL COMMUNICATION NATURE

BIOLOGICAL EXPLOSION WELFARE

MECHANICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ANIMAL

ELECTRICAL HOUSEKEEPING PPE

SEVERITY OF INJURY (*Please tick appropriate box)

FATAL HOSPITALISED MEDICAL

TREATMENT FIRST AID

WEATHER

CONDITIONS PARTS OF BODY INJURED TYPE OF INJURY

FINE HEAD EYES CRUSH DISLOCATION

BRIGHT SUN EARS FACE FRACTURE SEVERANCE

EXTREME HEAT NECK SHOULDER LACERATION PUNCTURE WOUND

EXTREME COLD ARM ELBOW ABRASION BRUISE

HIGH WIND WRIST HAND SPRAIN/STRAIN ELECTRIC SHOCK

RAIN FINGER CHEST BURN MULTIPLE

FOG TORSO BACK

HIGH HUMIDITY ABDOMEN HIP

THUNDER STORM RUMP THIGH

LEG KNEE

FOOT ANKLE

TOE

(D)

DETAILS OF THE INCIDENT

(WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHO & WHY)

Submitted

By: Name Designation Sign Date

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*LOSS / NEAR LOSS INCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT (*To be submitted within 3 to 14 days after Incident Notification subject to requirement)

(A)

DETAILS OF THE INCIDENT (*Please fill in NA if not applicable)

Project: Country:

Exact

location: Date of incident:

Time of

incident:

Activity at time of

incident:

Date of notification: Date report

complete:

(B)

DETAILS OF PERSON/S INVOLVED (*Please fill in NA if not applicable)

Name of injured

person: Male Female



Occupation:

Length of experience: months years Experience on

site: months years

Name of witness: Male Female



Occupation:


site: months years

Name of supervisor: Male Female



Occupation:


site: months years

*Note: Please attached witness and/or supervisor statement and/or photo evident if available on separate sheet of paper.

(C)

TYPE OF INCIDENT (*Please tick appropriate box/es)

Injury to Personnel Pollution of the Environment Damage to Property

Occupational Health Dangerous Occurrence

Others (*Please describe)

TYPE OF HAZARD (*Please tick appropriate box/es)

PHYSICAL FIRE (Explosion) ENVIRONMENT SECURITY

CHEMICAL FALL COMMUNICATION NATURE

BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING WELFARE

MECHANICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ANIMAL

ELECTRICAL HOUSEKEEPING PPE

SEVERITY OF INJUR Y (*Please tick appropriate box/es)

FATAL HOSPITALISED MEDICAL TREATMENT FIRST AID

WEATHER

CONDITIONS PARTS OF BODY INJURED TYPE OF INJURY

FINE HEAD EYES CRUSH DISLOCATION

BRIGHT SUN EARS FACE FRACTURE SEVERANCE EXTREME HEAT NECK SHOULDER LACERATION PUNCTURE WOUND

EXTREME COLD ARM ELBOW ABRASION BRUISE

HIGH WIND WRIST HAND SPRAIN/STRAIN ELECTRIC SHOCK RAIN FINGER CHEST BURN MULTIPLE

FOG TORSO BACK

HIGH HUMIDITY ABDOMEN HIP

THUNDER STORM RUMP THIGH

LEG KNEE REPORTED TO AUTHORITY: YES NO

FOOT ANKLE DATE:

TOE SIGNATURE:

Brief description of Governing Body and/or Authority reported to:

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(D)

DETAILS OF THE INCIDENT (WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, WHO & WHY)

CAUSE/S OF THE INCIDENT:

DIRECT CAUSE/S OF THE INCIDENT:

(E)

ROOT CAUSE/S OF THE INCIDENT:

1. Lack of skill /and/or knowledge 6. Inadequate communication of expectations

2. Correct way takes more time/effort 7. Inadequate tools or equipment

3. Short cut rewarded by supervisor 8. Other (Please describe):

4. SWP/SOP not followed

5. Inadequate SWP/SOP and/or Standards

Brief description:

(F)

CORRECTIVE ACTION TO BE TAKEN TO PREVENT RECURRENCE:

S/No. DESCRIPTION/S ACTION BY WHEN

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

INVESTIGATION TEAM:

NAME DESIGNATION COMPANY

IN ATTENDANCE: (Include senior management involvement name if applicable)

PREPARED BY REVIEWED BY ENDORSED BY

NAME

SIGN

DATE

(G)

(A) VERIFICATION & VALIDATION:

NAME DESIGNATION SIGN DATE

COMMENTS/REMARKS:

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ANNEX. G Risk Assessment

INVENTORY OF WORK ACTIVITIES

PROCESS/LOCATION WORK ACTIVITIES

Table 5 x 5 RISK MATRIX with numeric and descriptive ratings

Rare (1)

Remote (2)

Occasional (3)

Frequent (4)

Almost Certain

(5)

Catastrophic (5) 5M 10M 15H 20H 25H

Major (4) 4M 8M 12M 16H 20H

Moderate (3) 3L 6M 9M 12M 15H

Minor (2) 2L 4M 6M 8M 10M

Negligible (1) 1L 2L 3L 4M 5M

LEGEND:

- Reference Singapore RMCP 2012 - Low = L Medium = M High = H - Risk Prioritization Number (RPN) - Obtain the Risk Prioritization Number (RPN) by multiplying the “S” and “L” columns and entering the score in column “RPN” (i.e., RPN = S x L). Decimal numbers are acceptable. - Classification of Risk—Risk Matrix - Compare the RPN against this Risk Matrix given in Table A & B. - Additional Risk Controls must be implemented such that the hazards are no longer in the red zone (“High Risk”) before work commences.

- Additional Risk Controls should be implemented till: Risk Controls for the hazard in the yellow zone (“Medium Risk”) are already As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP); or The hazard is in the green zone (“Low Risk”) - Permit to Work (PTW) - Work Approval (WA) - Absolute Rope Access Pte Ltd (RAN) - Building Owner (BO)

ABSOLUTE ROPE ACCESS PTE LTD CAMP Safety INDUSTRIAL ABSEILER TWIN ROPE ACCESS SYSTEM (IATRAS)

OPERATOR BASIC TRAINING COURSE

Doc. No. MSP-RAN-TRN-0001

Rev 1

Date 30/11/2012

Likelihood

Severity

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ABSOLUTE ROPE ACCESS PTE LTD

CAMP Safety INDUSTRIAL ABSEILER TWIN ROPE ACCESS SYSTEM (IATRAS) OPERATOR BASIC TRAINING COURSE

Doc. No. MSP-RAN-TRN-0001

Rev 1

Date 30/11/2012

Department: RA Leader: Approved By: Reference Number

Process: RA Member 1:

Process/Activity Location: RA Member 2: Signature

Original Assessment Date: RA Member 3: Name:

Last Review Date: RA Member 4: Designation:

Next Review Date: RA Member 5: Date:

Hazard Identification Risk Evaluation Risk Control

Ref Work Activity Hazard Possible Injury/Ill Health

Existing Risk Controls S L RPN Additional Controls S L RPN Implement

ation Person

Due Date

Remarks

Below section is intended blank and shall be filled by the supervisor to maintain site/job/task specific should there be any additional Hazard & Risk identified due to change of method, change of plan, adverse weather condition, work interfaces and etc.

SAFER Approach to Risk Assessment: See it (identify hazards) Assess it (risk assessment) Fix it (risk control) Evaluate it (evaluation) Review it (review)

Remember! No Job is so Urgent or so Important that it cannot be done Safely

INDUSTRIAL ABSEILER TWIN ROPE ACCESS SYSTEM · annex. c industrial twin rope access checklist for...

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