Indus River Valley
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Transcript of Indus River Valley
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Indus River Valley
Global History I: Spiconardi
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Geography & It’s Impact
Location: Northernmost part of the Indian subcontinent & modern day Pakistan
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Geography & It’s Impact
The Monsoons• Seasonal winds in the
winter and summer.
• If easterly winter winds prevailed, then there was drought
• If westerly summer winds prevailed, then there was severe flooding
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Monsoons
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Monsoons
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Geography & It’s Impact Geographic Isolation
• The Indus River runs between the Himalayan and Hindu Kush mountains
• The mountain ranges often limited contact with other cultures
• Protected Harappan civilization from invasion (until Aryans in 1500 B.C.E.)
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Planned Cities on the Indus
Planned urban centers of Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa• Cities laid out on a grid
(Like Manhattan above 14th Street)
• Both cities’ blocks, structures, and buildings were almost identical
• What does this suggest?
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Mohenjo-Daro
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Mohenjo-Daro
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Harappa
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Planned Cities on the Indus
Layout of Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro• Homes
• At least two stories
• All had a courtyard with a balcony
• Most had a small well and bathtub
• Water• In Mohenjo-Daro a basin known as the Great Bath
was built
• Running water
• Shows emphasis on cleanliness & purification
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Achievements & Contributions
Sewers & baths• Almost every home
had a small bathroom
• Drainage in the streets to clear waste
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Achievements & Contributions
First to weave cotton Used bricks to build
structures• Mud bricks
• Wood bricks
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Interesting Tidbit
Archaeologists have uncovered more TOYS than WEAPONS in their excavations of Harappan cultures.
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Aryan Invasion
Aryans nomads who most likely originated in modern Iran• Eventually many
Aryan tribes settled in the Indus Valley forgoing their nomadic ways
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Aryan Invasion
Religion• Not much is known about Indus religion
• Seals that cannot be deciphered suggest a polytheistic & nature worshipping religion
• Under Aryans, the religion is mixed with the Aryan and Indus beliefs and Hinduism forms over a period of time
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Aryan Invasion
The Vedic Period (1900 – 500 BCE)• The Vedas books in which Aryans record
their beliefs
• Development of a caste system• Emerged to subjugate the native people of India to
Aryan rule
• Term Aryan comes from the Sanskrit word “Arya,” which means “noble”