IndOOS—a sustained ocean IndOOS—a sustained ocean observing system in the observing system in the Indian Ocean for climate Indian Ocean for climate

research research Howard Cattle

for

Gary MeyersCo-Chair CLIVAR/GOOS

Indian Ocean Panel (IOP)

With Contributions from IOP Members

IndOOS Planning and IndOOS Planning and CoordinationCoordination

Indian Ocean Panel established in 2004 through CLIVAR AAMP after OceanObs(1999), SOCIO Workshop (2000) and IOGOOS conference (2002)

Four meetings: •2004 Puna IITM (Joint with AAMP)

•2005 Hobart CSIRO Marine

•2006 Honolulu IPRC

•2007 Pretoria SAWS Meeting reports on CLIVAR website

(www.clivar.org) under Indian Ocean Panel

IOP IndOOS Plan 2006IOP IndOOS Plan 2006“The role of the Indian Ocean in the climate

system—implementation plan for sustained observations” http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/19645/

Scientific rationale and technical design--Research issues: review, questions--Basin scale mooring array

--Integrated approach to moorings, Argo floats, XBT lines, surface drifters, tide gauges

--Alternative observational strategies assessed by observing system simulations

Input to operational prediction, both seasonal prediction and NWP

Key science issues the system is aimed as Key science issues the system is aimed as addressingaddressing

Seasonal monsoon variability—the oceans role

Intraseasonal variability (e.g. MJO)—interactions and feedbacks with upper ocean

Monsoon ENSO interactions Indian Ocean Dipole (ENSO-like

phenomenon) Decadal variability and warming

trends since the 1970s Indonesian throughflow General ocean circulation, ocean

heat & freshwater transports and their variability

Indian Ocean Dipole

IndOOS plan: Multi-platform IndOOS plan: Multi-platform systemsystem

around a basin-scale mooring around a basin-scale mooring arrayarray

Carbon/hydro cruise

High density XBT

Frequently repeated XBT

Enhanced XBT lines to monitor Indonesian Throughflow, inflow to western boundary, Java upwelling and 10°S thermocline ridge

Key new element—mooring array: ocean obs + meteorology

Argo floats 3°x 3° Drifters 5°x 5°

~20 real-time tide gauges

Regional mooring arrays

Strategy for Moored Buoy ArrayStrategy for Moored Buoy Array

Basin scale, tropical upper ocean (500 m) focus.

Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Eq. Waveguide, Thermocline ridge (5°-10°S), subtropical subduction, Java upwelling.

Does not sample western boundary currents, ITF, coastal zones.

Design supported by numerical model observing system studies.

Designed by the CLIVAR/GOOS Indian Ocean Panel http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/20357/01/IOP_Impl_Plan.pdf

Present status basin scale Present status basin scale array array

Recent addition1-6 years

Recent: China France NOAA

Argo Present StatusArgo Present Status~360/390

north of 30°S

The challenge = sustainability

Integrated IndOOSIntegrated IndOOSXBT lines—all active (a few not up to

recommended sampling frequency)Data Portal—INCOIS/APDRC (distributed

archive)Process studies—CIRENE and MISMOIOGOOS—links to coastal applicationsSustained Indian Ocean Biogeochemical

and Ecological Research (SIBER)—links to enhance biogeochemical and biological oceanography

ConclusionConclusionRemarkable progress in establishing

sustained observations in the Indian Ocean since 2004. IOP activities will provide data and IO/monsoon science focus activities for AMY

Remaining challenges for IndOOS• Design and enhance coverage of the subtropical

region

• Full implementation of the IOP plan

• Engage high governmental levels and departments that can sustain the OS

• Vandalism

Thank youThank you

IndOOS: strategy for next IndOOS: strategy for next 1-2 years1-2 years

XBT• IX8 reactivated, monthly. IX1 enhanced to weekly.

IX1&IX12 has a 6 month gap in 2006/7, now restored. Other lines ok.

Indian Ocean Moored Buoy Data Indian Ocean Moored Buoy Data Assembly Center (DAC)Assembly Center (DAC)

Modeled after TAO/ TRITON and PIRATA data processing and dissemination systems.

PMEL and JAMSTEC initial contributors.

Hosted at PMEL; potential for mirror sites outside the US.

http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/disdel/disdel.html

Integrated IndOOSIntegrated IndOOSXBT lines—all active (a few not up to

recommended sampling frequency)

Data Portal—INCOIS/APDRC (distributed archive)

Process studies—CIRENE and MISMO

IOGOOS—links to coastal applications

SIBER—links to enhance biogeochemical and biological oceanography