Indoor Parameters

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1 NOKIA 1999 FILENAMs.PPT/ DATE / NN

INBUILDING PLANNING PRESENTATION

FOR

BIRLA AT&T COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED

INDOOR PARAMETER PLANNING


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Service Area Planning

Outdoor Macrocells

Indoor cells

Outdoor Microcells

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Elevator cells?

Microcell HO parameterization

Gateway cells

No Adjacencies

Gateway HO parameterization

Handovers

have to work also

inside


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In general no need to do many changes to the Nokia's default parameter set before

implementation

Important that mobiles are using an indoor cell(s) inside a building and handovers at building

entrance work as wanted

PBGT HO- and Umbrella HO-parameters in call mode

C2-parameter in idle mode (phase 2 mobiles) NOTE : One parameter change might effect in one place to network performance as wanted but

at the same time it might worse it in another place -> parameter tuning is doing compromises

to find the best possible network performance!!!

Indoor Parameters


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C2 reselection criterion activation will avoid the MS to camp to a stronger outdoor cell in idle

mode

Cell_Reselection_Parameter_Index (YES/NO) becomes YES

C2-parameter is related to parameter C1, which is also used for cell selection and reselection

When C2 is used it effects to every adjacencies that cell has

Indoor Parameters: C2


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C1 = (A Max(B,0))

whereA = Received Level Average RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN

B = MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH P

P = Maximum RF output power of the MS

RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN = Minimum received level at the MS required for access to

the system (-110 -47 dBm)

MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH = Maximum TX power level the MS may use when accessing

the system until otherwise commanded (5 43 dB)



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C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET TEMPORARY_OFFSET * (PENALTY_TIME T), when PENALTY_TIME -> H(x) = 0



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micro cell

Indoor

Cell

The following parameters were set to the network; RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN is -104 dBm,

MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH is 30 dBm; the MS is allowed to use the maximum power level (1W =

30 dBm, GSM 1800), PENALTY_TIME is 20 s, CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET is 30 dB andTEMPORARY_OFFSET is 10 dB

Indoor Parameters: C2 - Examples


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The MS is camped to the indoor cell and the field strength is 80 dBm. The micro cell has 70

dBm field strength in the same place. Because the MS shouldnt camp to the micro cell C2-

parameter was activated.

Indoor cell: C1 = (-80 dBm - (-104 dBm)) Max(30 dBm-30 dBm , 0) = 24

Micro cell: C1 = (-70 dBm - (-104 dBm)) Max(30 dBm-30 dBm , 0) = 34

Indoor cell: C2 = 24 dBm + 30 dB 10 * (20 s T) = 44, T 20 s

In both of the cases the indoor cells C2 is greater than the micro cells C1 -> MS doesnt camp to

the micro cell.

Indoor Parameters: C2 - Example 1


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The MS starts to move towards the micro cell, the indoor cells field strength drops fast. Lets

assume that indoor cells field strength is 95 dBm after awhile and the micro cell's field

strength is 60 dBm, so



Indoor cell: C2 = 9 dBm + 30 dB 10 * (20 s T) = 29, T


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10 NOKIA 1999 FILENAMs. PPT/ DATE / NN

The MS is camped to the micro cell and it starts to move towards the indoor cell. The idea is to

camp the MS as soon as possible to the indoor cell. The field strength in the indoor cell is 85dBm and the micro cell 65 dBm in the entrance.



Indoor cell: C2 = 19 dBm + 30 dB 10 * (20 s T) = 39, T 20 s

After the penalty time (or during it) the indoor cellsC2 is greater than the micro cellsC1 so

the MS will camp to the indoor cell.

Indoor Parameters: C2 - Example 3


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High Umbrella ThresholdLate macro-Indoor HOminimize unwanted macro-Indoor HOs

High PBGT (10-12dB)MS served longer in Indoor cell

No ping pong effect

MACRO

Indoor Parameters: Umbrella and Power Budget Handover


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An umbrella HO is set with two parameters. By enabling the umbrella HO

(enableUmbrellaHandover) and setting the minimum DL signal level in target cell

(hoLevelUmbrella).

Macrocell- and microcell thresholds and MS power class are used to determine the target

adjacent cells. Normally handover occures from upper level cell to lower level cell (macro ->

micro)

In indoor use almost every time only microcell threshold and MS power class effects. Because

almost every time microcell threshold and MS maximum transmitting power are selected to be

30, the comparison between adjacent cells is done only according to radio link properties.

BSC try to find a target cell at every hoPeriodUmbrella (063 SACCH) interval.

Indoor Parameters: Umbrella Handover


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If the hoLevelUmbrella is set to -65 dBm the serving cell handed over to the adjacent cell after

the signal level (in adj. cell) is better than that.

Adj. cell

Serving cell

-65 dBm

HO-60 dBm

Indoor Parameters: Umbrella Handover


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Power budget handover is enabled when the parameter EnablePowerBudgetHO is set to yes.

BSC evaluates the adjacent cells in order to find a target cell for the handover at every

HoPeriodPBGT (063 SACCH) interval.

Every SACCH period is 480 ms.

In all handover cases (except Umbrella handover) following algorithm is used.

AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) > rxLevMinCell(n) + Max(0,A)

A = MsTxPwrMax(n) MsTxPwrMax

where

AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) = Average receiving level of adjacent cell

RxLevMinCell(n) = Minimum DL signal level when HO is allowed to an

adjacent cellMsTxPwrMax = Maximum TX power level a MS may use in serving cell

Indoor Parameters: Power Budget Handover


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But in the most of the indoor cases some other handover algorithm will triggered the

handover.

PBGT > hoMarginPBGT(n)

PBGT = (MsTxPWRMax AV_RXLEV_DL_HO (BsTxPwrMax BS_TXPWR)) -

(MsTxPwrMax(n) AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n))

where

HoMarginPBGT(n)= Threshold in the power budget process

AV_RXLEV_DL_HO = Average receiving level of the serving cell

BsTxPwrMax - BS_TXPWR = The difference between the max. DL power permitted in the serving cell

(BsTxPwrMax) and the actual DL power due to the BS power control (BS_TXPWR).



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Power control can be used in DL direction in every TRX, except in a TRX with BCCH (MS is

continuolusly measuring the RX level of the adjacent cells BCCH's). Therefore, when using

InSite, equation (BsTxPwrMax - BS_TXPWR) is 0.

If negative PBGT margins are used to push traffic to the indoor cell, the PBGT margin back to

the micro cell should be set high enough.

Parameter HoPeriodPBGT should be set in indoor cases so that the handover occurs quite fast.

That is because there is often a edge in coverage where signal strength drops very fast whenmoving between indoors and outdoors. HoPeriodPBGT-parameter is normally something

between 5 to 10 (equal to 2 5 seconds).



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The MS is camped to the micro cell. Itsin call mode. At the building entrance the serving

micro cellssignal level is 60 dBm and the adjacent indoor cellssignal level is 80 dBm.

Because the MS should be handed over to the indoor cell even if the micro cellssignal level

is better, hoMarginPBGT(n)-parameter was selected to be -25 dB. The following parameters

were set to the network.

MS_TXPWR_MAX = 30 dBm

AV_RXLEV_DL_HO = -60 dBm (micro cell)

BS_TXPWR_MAX = 42 dBm

BS_TXPWR = 42 dBm

MS_TXPWR_MAX(n) = 30 dBm

AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) = -80 dBm (indoor cell)

HoMarginPBGT(n) = -25 dB

Indoor Parameters: PBGT HO-Example 1


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PBGT = (30 dBm (-60 dBm) (42 dBm 42 dBm)) (30 dBm (-80 dBm)) = -20 dB

- 20 dB > - 25 dB

Because PBGT is greater than hoMarginPBGT(n) the MS handed over from the micro cell to

the indoor cell.

Indoor Parameters: PBGRT HO-Example 1


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The MS is camped to the indoor cell. Its in call mode. At the building entrance the serving

indoor cells signal level is 80 dBm and the adjacent micro cells signal level is 60 dBm.

Because the MS is inside the building it shouldnt be handed over to the micro cell even if its

signal level is better than in serving indoor cell. The following parameters were set to the

network.

MS_TXPWR_MAX = 30 dBm

AV_RXLEV_DL_HO = -80 dBm (indoor cell)

BS_TXPWR_MAX = 42 dBm

BS_TXPWR = 42 dBm

MS_TXPWR_MAX(n) = 30 dBm

AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) = -60 dBm (micro cell)

HoMarginPBGT(n) = 25 dB



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PBGT = (30 dBm (-80 dBm) (42 dBm 42 dBm)) (30 dBm (-60 dBm)) = 20 dB

20 dB < 25 dB

Because PBGT is smaller than hoMarginPBGT(n) the MS doesnthanded over to the micro

cell.

If the parameter rxLevMinCell(n) is 99 dBm in the both of the cases

AV_RXLEV_NCELL(n) > rxLevMinCell(n) + Max(0,A) is calculated

Case 1: - 60 dBm > - 99 dBm (33 dBm 33 dBm) = - 99 dBm

Case 2: - 80 dBm > - 99 dBm (33 dBm 33 dBm) = - 99 dBm

So the power budget handover algorithm is the dominant algorithm in the both of the cases.


Indoor Parameters

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