INDONESIA Outer Islands Power...

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Environmental lw Assessment/Analysis Reports _____ Report E0035 INDONESIA - Outer Islands Power Project EA Category A Environmental Assessment 3 of 4 April 1994 This report has been prepared by the Borrower or its Consultant Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized

Transcript of INDONESIA Outer Islands Power...

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Environmental lwAssessment/AnalysisReports _____

Report E0035

INDONESIA -

Outer IslandsPower ProjectEA Category A

Environmental Assessment3 of 4April 1994

This report has been prepared by the Borrower or its Consultant

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REPUBLIC OF INDONESIADEPARTMENT OF MINES AND ENERGYPERUSAHAAN UMUM LISTRIK NEGARAPROYEK INDUK SARANA FISIK DAN PENUNJANG

INITIAL ENVIRONMENTALEXAMINATION OF

TRANSMISSION LINESTEAM ENERGY ELECTRIC

POWER STATION MINE MOUTH

MAY 1993

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CONTENTS

Page

Preface * iContents ii

List of tables iiiList of figures v v

Appendices vi

Chapter I. Introduction .... & ................... I - 1I.1. Back ground ........................ .I - 1

I.2. Legislation ........................ .I - 21.3. Purposes and objectives ... I - 31.4. Utilization ........................ I - 3I.5. Scope of the study I. - 4I.S.I.Territorial boundary of the study area I - 41.5.2.The studied environmental componctnts ..I - 5I.6. Methods of study . - 8

Chapter II. The activity plan ..... II - 1

1I.1. Initiator identity and the initial en-

vironment examination study compiling II - 1II.1.1: Identity of the Initiator ...... II - 111.1.2. Identity of Executioner ...... II - 1

11.1.3. Identity of Iniatial EnvironmentalExaminator (PIL) ...... II - 1

II.2.Activity Descrptuion . . .... II - 2II.2.1. General View ...... II - 2II.2.2. The purpose and objectives of the

project ...... II - 3II.2.3. The use of the project ...... II - 311.2.4. Types of activity plan ...... II - 3

Chapter III. Base line environment ...... III - 1III.1. Physical environment component .. III - 1

III.1.1. Climate ...... III - 1III.1.2. Physiography and geology ...... III - 3111.1.3. Hydrology ...... III - 4III.1.4. Soil ...... III - 5

ii

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XI.II.5. Land use ............... I - 8IXI.2. Biotic component ........ ... III - 9

X11.2.1. Flora ....... III - 9111.2.2. Terrestrial fauna ....... III - 10XII.3. Socio economic,socio culture andl pu-

blic health components . ............. XXX - 11IIX.3.1. Population .II - 11IXX.3.2. Education and Religion II. - 14III.3.3. Public health .. I - 15

Chapter IV. Estimation and evaluation of environmentalimpact IV - 1

IV.1. Environmental impact identification.. IV - 1IV.2. Impact estimation and Evaluation .... IV - 1IV.2.1. Environment impact to the projcct.. IV - IIV.2.2. The impact for the project to the envi-

ronment IV - 2

Chapter V. Conclusion .V - 1

ReferencesFiguresAppendices

iii

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CONTENTS

Page

Table 11.1. Policy on the type and the locationof the 150 XV high voltage trans-mission tower .................... II - 6

Table 11.2. Minimum clearance between the con-ductor of high voltage transmissionand the ground and the other objects II - 7

Table 11.3. Worked needed for the project II - 8Table II.4. The operating system and the type of

the equipment for the project acti-vities ............................ II- 9

Table 11.5. Villages/Kelurahan crossed by thehigh voltage transmission line ofMine Mouth Electrical Power Station- Cempaka Substation - TrisaktiSubstation ....................... II - 10

Table 11.6. Number and origin of workers ..... II - 11Table III.1. Humidity data from Banjarbaru sta-

tion during the year 1974 - 1987 III - 2Table III.2. Average precipititation for Banjar-

baru Station from 1974 - 1987 .... III - 2Table III.3. The High-low tides of Martapura

river in 1990 -1992 .... .......... III - 5Table 111.4. Types of animals ..... ............ III -1LTable III.5. Region size, population and densi-

ty/m2 ............... . III -12Table III.6. The population size based on gender III - 12Table III.7. People mobility in 1989 .... ...... III - 13Table III.8. Birth and mortality rate ......... III - 14Table III.9. Education menas and infrastructure

in the research area in 1989 ..... II - 14Table II.10. Mean of observence of the religious

duties in the research area ...... IrI - 1Table I1I.11. Ten most common diseaces of out pa-

tient treatment in South Kalimantan,based on the Public Health Center

new cases in 1991 ................ III -

iv

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Table III.12. ten most common diseases of out pa-tient treatment in the state generalhospital in South Kalimantan Regionin 1991 . ........................ III - 16

Table III.13. Examination result on Malaria in'

South Kalimantan transits in 1991 -

1992 ............. III -17Table III.14. Diarchea sufferers (including diar-

chea KLB), based on P4D reportedSouth Kalimantan Province in 1991 III - 18

Table 111.15. Number of dengue hemmorhagic feversufferers ............ III -19

Table 111.16. The number of surface and airtraffic accidents in subdistrictLandasan Ulin, from 1985 - 1990 III - 19

Table III.17. Data on the river/water trafficaccidents from Jorong police Sector III - 20

Table II1.18. Data on violations from JorongPolice Sector .............. ,.,.III - 20

Table III1.9. The availibility health service inthe subdistricts along the trans-mission route ...... ....... III - 21

Table III.20. Number of medical and paramedispersonal in the subdistricts alongthe transmission route ........... III - 22

Table IV.1. List of the Planned Towers Whichare Located in the people's houses... IV - 3

Table IV.2. Recapitulation of numbers,-type oftower total area of acquisited land

use along transmission line frompower plant mine mouth Asam-asam -

Cempaka - Trisakti Substation,Banjarmasin ...................... IV - 6

Table IV.3. Radio Interferensi (RI) at themiddle of SUTT 150 KV transmissionline ......................... IV - 8

Table IV.4. Television Interference (TVI) atat the middle of SUTT 150 KV trans-mission line ..................... IV - 9

Table IV.5. Audible Noise (AN) at the middle ofSUTT 150 KV transmission line .... IV - 10

v

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1. Project site boundaryFigure I.2. Ecologic boundary mapFigure I.3. Administrative mapFigure 11.1. Double circuit towerFigure I1.2. Type Aa towerFigure 11.3. Type Bb towerFigure II.4. Type' Cc towerFigure I1.5. Type Dd towerFigure I1.6. Tower siteFigure I1.7. Tower site'for T/L 150 KvFigure II.8. Free distanceFigure 11.9. Free distanceFigure 11.10. Minimum distanceFigure.II.11. Electricity system in South KalimantanFigure I11.1. Windrose diagramFigure 111.2. Morphological mapFigure 111.3. Geological Map

Figure II1.4. Soil Map

Figure III.5. Land use Map

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APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Flow diagram of impact identificationAppendix 2. Matrix of prediction and evaluation of Envoronmental

Impact

vii

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INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATIONS FOR

THE CONSTRUCTION OF A 150 XV HIGH VOLTAGETRANSMISSION LINE BETWEEN MULUT TANEANG POWER PLANT

AND CEWPAXA AND TRISAXTI SUBSTATIONS

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

I.1. Background

Electricity demand is very, high in Indonesia, and is

increasing. Within the past ten years, the average increase

has reached 15 t per year. Power Plants need to be built to

meet this demand. Usually, the location of the generating

plant can not be close to the center of the load area,because the primary resources needed for the power station

(e.g. water power, geothermal) are not removable. Alsosecondary resources (such as cooling water for a steam

energy power plant) are not available anywhere else. For

these reasons transmission lineb are required to transmit

the electricity from the power plant to the load area.

The electricity demand for the State Electrical Company

Sub district VI in South Kalimantan is projected to reach

800 NW by the year bf 2015. To meet this demand, construc-

tion of a Steam Energy Electric Power Station with a GGO MWcapacity will begin in 1995. The Mulut Tambang Power Plant

will be located at Asam Asam, a town in Sub district Jorong,

Regency Tanah Laut.

In order to transmit the electricity from tilhe ulutTambang Power Plant, a 150 XV high voltage transmission line

will be constructed. The line from the Mulut Tambang rower

Plant to the Cempaka Substation will be 75 km long and the

I- 1

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line between Cempaka and the Trisakti Substation will be 43

km long.

X. 2. Legislation

Some legislation related to the Construction Planning

of the 150 XV High Voltage Transmission line between the

Mulut Tambang Power Plant and the Cempaka and Trisakti RelayStations are as follows :

1. Legislation No. 20/1961, concerning about revocation of

ownership right of Land and other properties in it.

2. Legislation No. 4/1982, about main regulations on tha

environmental management.

3. Legislation No. 15/1986, about power plants (electrical

energy).

4. The Government Regulation No. 34/1979, about electricity

exertion.

5. The Government Regulation No. 29/1986, about environmen-

tal impact assessment.

6. The Instruction of the President of the Republic of

Indonesia No. 9/1973, about implementation of the revoc.j

tion of ownership right of land and other properties in it.

7. The Minister of Internal Affair Regulation No. 15/1975,

concerning about Provisions of Land acquittal procedures.

8. The Decision of the Minister of Residential Affairs and

Environment No. 50/Men KLH/6/1987, about the Guide lines oi

Compilation of Environmental Impact Assessment, Enclosure I.

9. The Decision of the Minister of Hining and Energy tao.

0935/K/008/M, about technical guide lines for initial envi-

ronmental examination compilation for steam energy pcwer

plan project.

10. The Decision of the Minister of Residentiai Attairz ana

Environment No. 49/I4enKLH/6/1987, about Important Impact

I - 2

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Determination Guide Lines and its Enclosures.

11. The Regulation of the Minister of Mining ana Energy No.

Ol/P/47/MPE/1992, concerning about the Minimum Free Distance

between High Voltage Transmission Conductor and the Groundand other object.

1.3. Purposes and Objectives

The transmission line is 118 km long and will pass

through the Regency Banjarmasin, Administrative city Banjar

Baru, and Regency Tanah Laut. The transmission route will

pass through residential areas, rice fields, swamps etc.which will possibly cause conflicts of interest between the

project and the areas.

Initial Environmental Examinations have been conducted

to prevent and to minimize the negative impacts. The objec-

tives of the studies are as follows :

1. To identify the activities of the Transmission Construc-

tion Planning Project, especially the ones which are likely

to cause environmental impacts.

2. To identify the base line environment prior to the pro-

ject, especially the areas where the transmission line is

planned.

3. To predict and evaluate the impact caused transmission

line construction.

4. To offer suggestions to manage and monitor the resulting

impact.

1.4. Utilization

These Initial Environmental Examinations lielp the

Project Initiators in the decision making, planning, and

management control of the project. The Project Initiators

are the Department of Mining and Energy, the State Electri-

I - 3

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cal Company (Main Project of South Kalimantan and a 150 KVNetwork), as well as the Government of the South KalimantanProvince.

I.5. Scope of the study

An important step in analyzing the Environmental impactis to determine the scope of the study.

The scope of the study consists of1. Determining the territorial boundary of the study area.2. Determining the analyzed Environmental Components.

3. Analyzing the plan of activities which are likely tocause impacts.

4. Conducting research and study of the base line environ-ment.

5. Compiling a guide for environmental management and envi-ronmental monitoring strategies.

I.S.1. Territorial Boundary of the Study Area

1. Project Boundary

The project area covers land which is directly underthe route of the transmission line. The 118 km long pathincludes villages in Municipal city Banjarmasin and Rcqcn-

cies Banjar and Tanah Laut (Fig. 1.1).

2. Ecological Boundary

This boundary is determined according to thc -cala andthe differant types of natural processcs. The determinationof the Ecological Boundary is based on the prominent .a.pucti-of the activities of the Project which are likely to h.ac- "n

impact on the environment as well as the impact oL thu

environment on the transmission line. The sprcad ot the

S- 4

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impact is 50 meters to the left and to the right of thetransmission route (Figure I.2).

3. Administrative Boundary

This boundary concerns the social, economic, and cul-tural activities of the Government. It is also concernedabout particular public places where people, farmers, andmerchants conduct 'their activities. Administratively thc.transmission line will pass through Municipal city 3anjarma-sin and Regencies Banjar and Tanah Laut (Figurc 1.3).

4. Technical Boundary

This boundary is determined by the capability of thetechnical study based on the limitation of the funds, time,facilities, and the availability of experts. Also, theimportance of science and technology in controlling, plan-ning, and protecting the worker safety is to be considered.

1.5.2. The Environmental components Studied

There are three main Environmental Components witthparameters to be analyzed for the study. They will be u..c*dto evaluate the impact of the project activities. The txzpl-nation of each component is as follows:

I.5.2.1. Geophysical components

A. Climate

a. The important climate components include the type ot tneclimate, temperature (maximum, minimum, and average tempera-

ture), humidity, and precipitation.

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B. Physiography and Geology

The physiographic and geological data that need to beidentified includes :

a. Topography, geomorphology, structural geology, and seis-mic information of the transmission route, and the sur-

rounding areas.

b. Geological condition of the rock and the soil.

c. Location and the width of dangerous areas, such as re-

gions of landslides, mass wasting, and floods.

d. The uniqueness of the morphology will be presented on amap with sufficient scale (1:100,000 or as needed) for thestudy.

C. Hydrology

a. High tide/Low tide.

D. Land and its use

a. Inventory of land use and other existing resources prior

to the project, and the planned use of the activity sitc_

and the surrounding areas afterward.

b. Conflict of interests between the project and the exizt-

ing users.

1.5.2.2. Biotic components

The Identification of the terrestrial and aquatic

natural resources will be based on - the secondary data or

direct measurements from the field. They include:

a. Identification of the habitats of the rare flora anel

fauna near the transmission line.

I - e.

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b. Discussion of the natural and cultivated plant and animalcommunities which exist in the plan activity site and sur-rounding area.

S.5.2.3. Social economy, social culture, and public health:

The base line environment of social economy, social culture, and public health at the planned activity site and thesurrounding areas include :

a. The population structure, including the number of the

population, the density, the gender proportion, the mobili-

ty, and the birth and mortality rates.

b. Education and religion.c. Public health.

1.5.2.4. The planned activity impacts to be studied

The activity impacts to be studied in this project are

components which are likely to cause impacts before the

construction, during the construction, and after the con-

struction.

A. Pre Construction Phase

Land acquittal activities for the tower locations are

likely to cause negative impacts during this phase. Landspeculation and changes in land ownership will cause socialunrest. Accurate and timely information will minimize this

problem.

B. Construction Phase

Impacts due to mobility of the workers, equipment, and

materials needed for the project, and the activities during

I - 7

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the tower construction and wire stringing are to be ana-lyzed. The need of workers for this project which increaseof the job opportunity, is a positive impact, but thelimited skills of the job hunters, may lead to the existenceof some scalpers (mediators) in the job hunting.

C. Post Construction Phase

Impacts due to the high voltage electricity transmis-sion during this time need to be studied.

1.6. METHODS OF STUDY

I.6.1. Data Collecting

To document the base line environment of the projectarea, the use of secondary data is stressed. Primary datacollecting is done when secondary data is not available.

Appropriate data collecting method for each field of study

is used.

I.6.2.1. Primary Data Collecting

The primary data on the physical, biotic, social econo-

my, social culture, and public health are collected from the

field. The data collecting locations are determined based on

the result of the coverage.

1-8a

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the tower construction and wire stringing are to be ana-

lyzed. The need of workers for this project which increase

of the job opportunity, is a positive impact, but the

limited skills of the job hunters, may lead to the existence

of some scalpers (mediators) in the job hunting.

C. Post Construction Phase

Impacts due to the high voltage electricity transmis-

sion during this time need to be studied.

1.6. HETHODS OP STUDY

I.6.1. Data Collecting

To document the base line environment of the project

area, the use of secondary data is stressed. Primary data

collecting is done when secondary data is not available.

Appropriate data collecting method for each field of study

is used.

1.6.1.1. Prxmary Data Collecting

The primary data on the physical, biotic, social econo-my, social culture, and public health are collected from the

field. The data collecting locations are determined bva_ud on

the result of the coverage.

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a. Climate

Measurement and calculation of some secondary meteoro-

logical data such as temperature, wind direction and veloci-

ty, humidity, precipitation, pressure, and -rain intensity

are done to examine the climate of the research area.

b. Physiography and Geology

Examination of Physiography, geology, erosion, and the

change or the modification of land due to digging, filling

up or some quarrying is conducted using maps which are

available for the feasibility study. Regions which have a

big risk in erosion are illustrated on maps with appropriate

scale.

c. Farming and Food Ecology

Investigation on the farming is done by survey and

special study. Survey is used to examine the general condi-

tion of the farming system in the study area, whereau thce

special study is to examine detailed farming problems withirthe society, in relation to social-economy, social culturu,

and food ecology.

d. Land Use

Land use data in the planned activity sites is oGtairud

from the Land Use Map of the Directorate of Land Use. I ae

map is utilized to interpret the route plan of the hiCJgi

voltage transmission line. Direct examinations in the tielO

are also done.

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e. Flora

This study is to examine the composition and the struc-

ture of the flora along the planned transmission route. The

study is done by registering the plant's types (aquatics or

terrestrial), and the number of the each individual plant.

It is also to examine plants which have special values (i.e.

plants. with high economical value, plants that can be used

for construction/building material, and plants that are very

typical for the area).

f. Fauna

The fauna examination is done using inventory, inter-

view, catching, and trail tracking methods.

f. 1. Inventory

Faunal inventorying is done especially in the transmis-

sion planned site. This is done by exploring somc arcas

which is expected to have a lot of fauna, such as residen-

tial areas. Faunal types and their habitats need to be

registered.

f. 2. Interview

An interview is done to the people living in the pro-

ject and surrounding areas to register some animals *-hich

are overlooked during the inventory process. A complete

faunal data is expected.

g. Aspects of Social Culture - Social Economy, and Public

Health

Those aspects are studied by interviewing some re-

spondents in the project area. The topic of the intervie.w

consists of custom or tradition, institution, art, soci4l

fidgety, and public health.

I _- f

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ed in the Decision of the Minister of Population and Envi-

ronment KEP-49/MENKLH/6/1987, with the consideration of

a. The number of people affected by the impact

b. The extant of the impact

c. The duration of the impact

d. The intensity of the impact

e. The number of other environmental components affected by

the impact

f. The cumulative nature of the impact

g. The repeated or non repeated impact.

The degree of the important impact to environment is as

follows

1. Less important (Li)

2. Sufficiently important (-Si)

3. Important (I)

4. More important (Mi)

5. Very important (Vi)

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g. 1. Demography

The demographic study is implemented in the areas whichare expected to be influenced by the impacts. The goals ofthis study are:

a. To examine the composition, the increase, and the densi-

ty of the population in the study area.

b. To study the participation of the working generation.

c. To study the social economic level of the people in

relation to the high voltage transmission constructing plan.

g. 2. Health Aspect

The health aspect study is done by household survey, .a

field observation by interviewing heads of household in the

areas of the planned activities. The variables to cxaminethe public health include :

a. The status of the public health

b. The environmental health

c. Public health care

d. The stage of the spread disease

1.6.3. Impact Estimation and Evaluation

Estimation of the important impacts is dGnu us: r.q

quantitative and qualitative-descriptive methods.

The size of those expected impacts due to the pro)ectactivities is presented with the following criterio

The type and size of the impact- Positive Impact (-)

- Negative Impact (-)

The impact estimation is then evaluated based on Vie

Important Impact Determination Guide Lines, which is irncluo-

1 - 21

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CHAPTER ItTHE ACTXVITIES PLAN

XI.1I. Initiator identity and the Initial Environment

Examination Study Compiling

II.l.l. Identity of the Initiator

The initiator of the planne Mine Mouth Cool Thermal Power

Plant, Banjarmasin is

The Initiator :State Electrical Company (PLN)

Officier in Charge : Ir. R.M. Sahid Budihardjo

Occupation : PLN Environmental Assesment Team

Leader

Official Address : Jl. X.S. Tubun 1/2

Jakarta Barat

11.1.2. Identity of Executioner

Project Executioner : Statc Electrical Comnpany (PLt)

Officer in Charge : Head of the Survey Departziscrit

Official Address : LINA Building 4 th Floor

3J.. Rasuna Said

Jakarta Pusat

11.1.3. Identity of Initial Environmental Examinatorz

(PIL)

Assessment of Initial Environmental Examinaticn of

Mine Mouth Coal Thermal Generating Plan were donce bLy ;L1;

with the assistance of PT. PRAMT-H WIDYA.

I1 - 1

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Officier in Charge for Environmental Assesment Study

N a m e : Prof. Oehadiyono

Occupation : Director of PT. PRATAMA WIDYA

Official Address : Green Ville AW 64

Jakarta

The Environmenpal Assesment team Consists of

1. Team Leader Ir. Suharto Tjojudo, M.Sc

2. Physical/Chemical Engineer : Ir. Ferdinand

3. Geologist : Ir. Wartono Rahardjo

4. Meteorologist : Ir. Bambang P

5. Electrical Engineer : Ir. Syafri Martinus

6. Biologist : Dra. Nanik Heru Suprapti

7. Mining Engineer :Ir. Aryo PE, M. Eng

S. Social Economic Specialist : Dra. Budi 11gestiningc-i

9. Health Specialist : dr. Adi Heru Sutomo

11.2. Activity Description

11.2.1. General View

Based on the obtained infor=arion, in 1955' r."c ie;

voltage line in Banjarnasin will cover 4 Xaiir E1r_ .s-

150 KV, as follows

1. Sebrang Barito Substarioh, on the west sidt c: I..r. -

masin river

2. Banjarmasin Substation in Banjarmasin city

3.Trisakti Substation in the west of tae city

4. Cempaka Substation, about 40 km south cast cL o!aj.ar-

masin.

It - 2

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The connecting point from Mine Mouth Electric Power

Station is Cempaka 150 XV Substation, and from Cempaka

150 XV Substation to Trisakti 150 XV Substation. The

Cempaka 70 XV and Trisakti 70 XV Substations have been

operating. A 150 XV Substation needs to be built for

them.

Technical feasibility study for the route of a lHigh

Voltage Transmission 150 KV line front Mine Mouth Electric

Power Station to Cempaka 150 XV Substation to Trisakti

150 XV Substation is now being conducted to get definite

data about the number and the type of tower, and tiac ideal

route for the transmission.

11.2.2. The Purpose and Objective of the Project

As discussed in the background, that tthc purpose and

the objective of the project is to distribute the clectri

cal energy produced by Mine Mouth Power Station GCO We to

Cempaka Substation and Trisakti Substation.

The energy will then be distributed to consu=erz .:

it is needed for household uses in m"ny cli d c*e;.t

cities/towns through many steps of voltage decrea-e.

11.2.3. The Use of the Project

This project is to fulfill and improve tine rel4a4.ai-ty, the stability and continuity of the uore econo.icall

service of electricity in the State Electrical Cozpanr.y >ui,district VI, Banjarmasin, South Xalimantan.

Z1.2.4. Types of activity planA double circuit transmission line iz utilized Jri tti

high voltage constructing. The tranzmiz-ion lir.e condaLt:

of 75 km from the (660 MW) Mine Youth 1'o.er ''taticn t Cd

I -3

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the Cempaka 150 KV Substation and a 43 km line from

Cempaka Substation to Trisakti Substation (Figure XX.1).

The plan of the project activities include

A. PRE CONSTRUCTION STEP

The Pre Construction activities include :

1. Field Survey

a. Topographic Survey

1). The plan of the transmission route is first

sketched on a topographic map of 1:50,000 scale.

2). The chosen route is evaluated based on the real

field condition.

3). The determination of the route is based on the

technical and economical aspects. The best route should

have optimum technical and economical aspects.

4). The measurement of horizontal distance, surface

elevation, contouring, and other features (i.e. roads,irrigation networks, railroads) is done using theodolite.Those measurements are then plotted on the profile map.

5). The profile map is made in accordance with the

design. This map should depict the condition of the towerlocation and the land where the transmission route is

located and the surrounding areas, including the names of

the towns, sub districts, regencies, the names of the landowners, especially in the tower sites.

b. Soil Mechanic Survey

In general, this survey is conducted to examine the

soil condition, and the primary goals are :

1). To provide data needed for the plan of digging and

II - 4

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burying.

2). To compile surface and soil condition data in the

tower sites.

3). To give suggestions about choosing the foundation

type that is best for that area, based on the

result of the soil mechanic data.

4). To provide important technical data to make the

budged estimagion easier.

The activities which are done in the soil mechanic

survey include

The activity done in the soil mechanic survey include

1. Sondir, with two ton capacity, 'the depth is up to the

hard layered or until the resistance cone larger than 1502

kg/cm2. Boring test with auger 4 bor, with the deptli of G

metres from ground surface.

3. Soil sampling :

a. original soil sample.

b. Non original soil sample.

2. Information

Information concerning the activity plan for the con

structing of the high voltage transmission 150 NV and the

changing related to it is given to the people before the

land acquittal is done.

3. The land acquittal of the tower site

1. The land inventory for the tower site is done by

the State Electrical Company, the land owners, ara t:.c

Institute of National Agraria (BPU) IZ, certitiied b-; tn4e

local Hedman. This land inventory data depict rtt size.

the status, and the class of the land.

II - r

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2. Compensation for the land owners is discussed with

the consideration of the standard land price issued by the

Regent, the Head of the regancy. The discussion is led by

the Institute of National Agraria or by the Subdistrict

Head.

3. The acquitted land by The State -Electrical Companyincludes the land for the tower location site, the width

is determined1 according to the type of the tower. Hard

plants (That can grow up to more than 9 m) within the

areas of 26 m to the left and the right of the transmis-

sion route axe is freed. Compensation for those plants is

given to the owners.

4. The acquittal of the land for the tower site is

co,iducted by the land acquittal committee formed by the

South Kalimantan Government for each regency.

5. The land acquittal procedures is based on the

Regulation of the Minitter of Intern Affairs No. 15/1975,

concerning about land acquittal procedure policy.

6. Information to people about the procedure of the

compensation giving, the safety of the transmission and

the environment.7. The land acquitted by the State Electrical Company

is the location of the tower site, their size is shown in

the following table

Table 11. 1. Policy on the type and the location of the150 KV Nigh Vottage Tranitssion Tower:.

Tower Position Angle of Foundation Uidth of thello. type line 71L deviation to) acQJitled areas

N- X.... ....... . ..... ..... a..... ........ ''''.... ........................Aa Straight 30 16 a 16 29.5 i 29.5 u 870.2S

2 Bb len 200 20 K 20 33.5 A 33.S * 1 222.2S3 Cc Cend 40 20 I 20 33.5 A 33.5 * 1.Z2Z.254 Od send

nd 600 20 IL 20 31.5 a 33.S 1,222.2SDOd terminal

.................... ........................................... _.....

The tower types are shown in £figure: r 1L.2,II.3,II.4 and II.5 The minimum clearanc betwccn thc

conductor and ground and the other objecte aJrC chown

in table 11.2.

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TabLe 11. 2. inisass clearance betwen the cueictor of HighVoltage rranisalon ad the grurd and ether objects.

.................. ....................... ........... :....

High Volttae Trans-No. L a c a t I e n miassonISn 0 IV

T ;............................... .....................

1 Open field or pen area 7.52 Specific greos g2.1 Building which Is not resistant to fire 13 5 ,

2.2 lulding resistant to fire 4.52.3 Traffics/ hishwsys 9.02.4 Trees, forest, plantation 4.52.5 Sport fields U3.52.6 Other High Voltage Transmission, Low 4.0

distributIon networks, Teleomxnicationnetwork, radio wnd television antemus,sky Llt

2.7 Rail road Ccmun rail roads) 4.02.6 Steel bridges, Iron framework conductor, 4.0

*lectric trains, etc.2.9 The highest polnt of sihip s pole at the 4.0

high stand at water traffics........................................................................

B. Construction Phase

The construction phase activities include

a. Workers mobility

Workers needed for this step of the project are a:;

follows :

1. Expert.

Three experts with education level of Sarjana Teknik

are needed.

2. Foreman

Six people with B.S. or D III in engineering are

needed.

3. Skilled laborer

Thirty people with STH degree are needed for s'.illue -

laborer.

4. Laborer Ninety people with Elementary or Junior

High School education are needed for larorers.

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The experts consist of foreigner and immigrant (people

from outside the project area). Other workers except the

laborers also come from the outside of the project area.

The composition of the workers is presented in the

following table.

Table II. 3. Workers needed for the project.................... I.....................................................

I I I I worker origin I I I I lYpe of I I... -, ...| No.1 uorier Education I I Cane fram I Housiing I 4lik r |

local out side | Foreig2 location total* I 1 Ipeople the projcchI ner

I I I I I ~~~~~~~rca jII

i Expert jSarjanr I - I aI ice I 1tcknib. I I

Z forFan em.s. ard X * I a * site 1 4 I

I 3 Skit.ed STI 1K . 1 £ 3 .a I I[Laborer I I I I | I I|4 Labarer IElecn- A a - & I .'tc I K

tary/ju-II | Iniahihl I I I n r h

I I I school I

b. The mobility of equipments and materials

Equipment which need to be transportecL (Moblizie:1d)

includes mixer, .stringing machine, planting uquipmunt.

trucks, cars and carrying poles for trancsporting tth

towers. The -depend on the location of thte tower.. T.aLLi.

II. 4. shows the operating systtem and til typ c: Lhit:

equipments.

11 -

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Table Ii. 4. The Operating systm and the type of the equipmentsfor the project activities.

..........................................................................

| "o-I Type of I Operating Type of equipments CapacityI I activities syst m odel j

1---1----------------1-------..--1-------- ---------- --- 1------- -------

I Land cleaning Manual Hoe. sickle, shovel 1 Toer/Oay/ Iand measuremnt c crowbar, theodolite | groupr of foundations piLmeter. masuring

I I I lbox I

2 Land digging | MartiaL | Planting machine, 2 2 Tower/day/I J for foundation I Imixer, shovel, scoop-I growp| I I I ing bucket I I

| 3 | Tower fourda- MaruaL Planting machine, I I| I tion Ita|aptte thecdolite.1 II I I j mixer, shovel, crow- I

Ibar. sceoping bucket,I I

I | I puwpinf machine |

| 4 | Towr erection I Mawal Totlset, wing. jin- | -I I I pote, puLtey I I

I I IIII| 5 I Isolator and j al j Tolset, wing, jin- | -

aecesories j pole, puleyI

installment

6 Stringing |anual t Stringing machine. - II I I I fishing wire. acu- I

| | | Isioer. a too forI I I imzeasuring stringi I I I.tension

c.Tower Erection

During the constructing of the foundations and thetower positioning, the extent of the land is planned to bewide enough for the activities. Some materials is storedin the storage in the base camp, and to be picked up/delivered to the field whenever needed. Other materials,such as corals, sand, etc. are to be bought at the closeststores, tobe delivered to the constructing sites wheneverneeded. Water and concrete mixer are from the constructingsites and the surrounding areas. All of these activities

II - 9

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are relatively short and to be done in different places,at all of the tower sites.

Tower is erected on top of a foundation which has beenbuilt earlier. A stub ( a place where the tower foot istied with moor - bolt connection) has been installed onthe foundation. This tower constitutes.of a profilc frame(commonly called as lattice steel tower), arranged in suchway that each steel member has different dimension. This

tower constrtrcting method is manual, the equipments neededfor the constructing are tool sets crane, jin pole andstring. The route of the 150 KV high voltage transmission

line is 118 km long with an average span of 350 m. Therewill be approximately 369 towers with the network route as

shown in Table II. 5.

Table 11. S. Villages/ gelurahan crossed by the Nigh VOItageTransmission line of nine Itouth Electric PowerStation - Cpaka Substation -Trisakti Sustcacion. sanjarmasin.

No. 1 unicipaL city S.bdistrick 1 Village%/ &eturahanIliesency I I...............................................................

1. Tanih Laur 1. J oa r on 9 1. Aiawuaa r2. J a r a n g3. jitatan

l~~~~~~~~ t r6. aetalinng7. S&aw& PApar

2. Pelaihari 1. cecam2. IcOing SinrIng3. LA.AdVaan

S. Tita ira.J1i. BJmi Jqan7. TaonVNrqA. cn.'n OtcLats9o Sur nut ia,10. Sdarng AlarnII. slufl

3. Bati-rati a Sanju Ira2. 5eVxIc LdIpg

&.usi. I nanaS. Uza 1

7. PUIag Saria. Sur4ht Ptflnw9. 1ao5.ar4 Ulai.bbhO. Swtj.as JaLuat

2. annjar 1.Cempak C e a p a k a

3. bappal

2. Bz.njarzA.sin 1. Sr.;ai Belr2. anjarbaar Coca3. LO& 1W.&I

...................... ... _ ._

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The ground clearence is larger than in the developedcountries (which is only around 7.5 - 13.5 m), to give

higher safety level due to the low of the education ievelof the people in the project area. Based on the PUXL 1987;

760 F, the distance between a high voltage transmissionconductor and an extra high voltage with the ground andother objects, a 150 KV high transmission line should haveminimum clearpnce, so that the land along the transmission

route need to be acquitted. However, the regulation of theMinister of Mining and Energy of February 7, 1992, No.Ol.P/47/MPE/1992, and its enclosure says that the tower

can be heighten so that the land along the transmission

route does not need to be acquitted (Figures XX.6,

XX.7,XX.8,XX.9 and XX.10).

d. Stringing

Stringing is done starting from one section to the

others respectively. The locations are selected at the

tension tower. The location of the tension tower is in the

open and relatively wide areas. Four tensional conductor

drumps are arranged within this* area, the end of theconductors are then connected with fishing wires. Those

fishing wires are pulled (manually by people) to the next

related section where the pulling machine is located.This pulling machine is then activated parallel with thetension machine located at the drump sites. Coordination

of these works is done using a radio communication operat-

ed by operators from those two sites.

II - 12

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Table 11.5. cGntinfJd

No |Icipl city Suibdltrlct | VItimges. Klurahan...............................................................

3. Landasan Ulin 1. Cuntung Pa yug2. Lasan U in lnr3. Landasan Ulin Tenglh4. Landsan Ulin E.rat

4. C a m b u t 1 G a * b u t2. Kayu la"wag

5. Kortak Hanyar 1. HMkar Raya2. linus Hanyar3.SungaiLakm4. sifipang Ena5. andar Sart

3. UmnJarmsln 1. laniar Seaitan 1. I a s I r I h2. mantult3. Klayan Selatan4. Kalayan Tiuur

2. lanjar Barat 1. Totuk Tiram2. Telaga Siru3. PoLa,buan

*--X--.--.-ZZ-----.------"-Z-. ------ -------.--.---- mos

There are many basic assumption in the constructing

of the 150 KV high voltage transmission line of Electric

Power Station Mine Mouth - Cempaka Substation - Trisakti

Substation. The assumptions are made with the considera-

tion to the technical and economical aspects, safety, both

to the transmission line and the environment of the sur-

rounding areas.

The determined basic design is :

a. The transmission tower height : 53.7 m.

b. The conductor type

Phase conductor : ACSR 240/40 mm (26/7).

Ground wire GSW 55 mm.

c. The number of conductor : double circuit, 3 phat._* 4

wires

d. The average span : 350 m.

e. Wind velocity : 2.7 km/ hour or 1.5 knots.

f. Minimum ground clearance : 16 m.

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C. Post Construction Phase

The post construction activities include

1. Final check

a. Capacity and capability of service

The capapity and capability of the high voltagc trans-mission 150 KV service is as follow

Type of productioni current carrylng capacicy

High Voltage Dove conductor with 538,500 C c...1Transmission Fluminium, Al/ St 26/7150 xV , 1 wire every phasc, thu curtflnt

capacity 2 x 3 x 1 x 573 A.mpt..ilumber of circuit 2, nuz=er c' p.iaa'e1. Current CarcyLng CA[.&c:L lCCADovc conductor 573 Amph.

.. .. ^ s ,^ ... _.^doo.|____-_-_________

b. Interconnecting system of the high voltagu rranrz=:s:Gr.

150 XV

The interconnection between transnislion c, :te- sr.c_s

that it will be very beneficiarry to get three rjhqrj volt-

age transmissions 150 XV connecred and all ti- :-are from Mine Mouth Electric Power Statior ,Those three transmission systezs are Larito, La '

and Xuala Kapuas. The incerconnection needz 2 1ine:;. c'nc

is from Cezpaka Substation tO the load cer.cer ot .L-.a

Lima system at Barikin (110 kn); the otior i- frfz s

brang Barito Substation tO Kuala Xapuaz (40 kimi.

Cathered informations say that in 105., tne nLg:l

voltage transmission 150 KV linc: in Banjirm;&Ji_in *_:l;

constitute of four substations, namely

1 , - ',

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1. Sebrang Barito Substation, in the westsideof Banjarmiasin.

2. Banjarmasin Substation, in Banjarmasincity.

3. Trisakti Substation, in the west part ofthe city.

4. Cempaka Substation, is about 40 km southeast of Banjarmasin.

The connecting point from Mina Mouth Ilower St.ationGenerator is Cempaka Substation, which has capability to

absorb the energy to be channeled to Benua Lima (FigurcII.11). This high voltage 150 KV transmission line will bu

extended from Cempaka Substation to Trisaikti SubStdtion.so that Mine Mouth Power Station will be direct conn<ctedbetween the Power Station and the Trisalti subat.At.iG.

based on this arrangemnet, the length of the routu is &

follow :

1. From Mine Mouth Power Station to

Cempaka Substation : 75 km.

2. From Cempaka Substation to

Trisakti Substation : ;3 km.

c. Energy distribution process

This proces is shown in the following sc.e_e

...........--..... -----......... The etger, is pr.adcIGrerator bt units of qtmrioorbGenerate cte electricity at1 minc faug Power stationI etectrical erirgy) I

_ . - ---------- TAt w4:a. rf Ill. prcrt_ |trs-e 1 .......................... ...

Tranitforur by 'Jorat.ors la Incr*440dTo Increae the vItge Di traniuorear .p la 1i5C rV

,........................... e - - r wr is tr.aiutted(ua trrtut.d) Lhruo,r usiy

iHigh Voltage Jrarai&&ito Voltage tramal&bal3 10 CYline ISO gv tIo &.btation Cru"La

.......................... ................................ ris

................................ At the Sr4tasti j tAe eGIs6MEcn I taSe oft h crersy Ii.

----- -------- ----- -.... . Omccrc to Le tstriLwtcIJ

I:-:

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2. Maintenance

It consist of tower painting, which is donc periodi-

cally. The number of the workers, their education andexperties needed for this work is preseAted in the follow-

ing table.

Table 11. 6. wuNbor and orisin of workers

Educatien Origin st.Iuu.Ino.1 EEplanation .... . .............................. ...............-.-. .I. .. 1I I | S I SH I High I Juniorl Elwen- iLocall from out I forc g-I Per.i- I DatmiI I I I I Schoet l Nigh I ary I Ibi cPro- mner jwnt |I I I J | | Schooli School I jeci arca | |............................................ . . . . . . I. ....|1.I Coordinator I - I I I I I I I' I II I............................................ . . . . . . I.12.JForeman j ~~ J2ja JA A *

-- - - - - - -- - - - - -------------------------- -------------- - -- ...... .. .. ...! 3 - ! f°rtnt-- 1 1 2 1 I II I I **I For I I I I I I I.I II. I I 1 1.1 1 1 1 . ;

I I srat I I I I I I I I ...... ........ ........ ;... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .

, onI II ] II I I I l!.

l___~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.__............_.. .. ;. .. .; Io a I- l I I I I 2

I I l I I I

The facilities of the activitic<, thc work. n.ar:trf .inn

the type of education and skill. to rc eJiv, n .t.? :

workers include ;

a. The free distance standard according to r.sui.a-

tions.

'r !-

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CHAPTER III

BASE LINE ENVIRONMENT

III. 1. Physical Environment Component

III. 1. 1. Climate

Climate is presented by many parameters, including

temperature, humidity, cloud covering, wind direction and

velocity, and solar insulation.

In the project site, the average temperature during thc

day is around 27 to 29 °C. It some time reaches below or

above those numbers. The fluctuation of the temperature

during the days varies, it is below 3 OC most all the time,

but some time it reaches above 5 OC. The record shows that

in December 16, 1989, the fluctuation reached 10 OC.

During the nights the temperature is lower, around 23 -

26 0C, with stable fluctuation, lower than 3 °C.

The fluctuation of the temperature during the days is

mostly caused by cloud covering. Cloud covering of 1, 2, 3,

Octa causes the sunlight mostly bc radiated to cartlh, mq.&kc_

the heating more intensive. At nights, the cloud covering isz

bigger/ larger, around 5 to 7 Octa, and this causes lo-.

fluctuation on the night temperature.

Wind velocity is usually low, mostly und.r I -/ *..cond.

It gets faster some time, more than 1 m/ sec. BGt!t or nogrt:

or during the days the source of the wind directiGn seez to

be irregular. It is usually froz the cast (both. s-cuth ea-t

and north east) and from north west and :zctk. .t z :t {_

Figure III. 1).

The humidity is generally high, from 70 - g t ourfing

the days, and o - 9 % at nights (Table- JX1. 3).

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Table III. 1. Humidity data from Banjar Baru Station,during the year of 1974 - 1987.

M a n t hYear -------------------------------------------------------------

Jan Feb March Apr May June JuLy Aug Sept Oct Nov 0ttct I I S % U % 1 * t %. .1

1974 - 88 86 85 84 s 86 81 OaG U2 U7 U71975 88 87 89 87 86 85 80 84 LI S7 Ua 9O1976 88 87 86 87 84 84 80 76 75 U4 8U9 u¶J1977 87 96 93 90 80 85 79 79 77 7' s0 071978 85 87 86 85 86 86 86 84 86 86 84 8s1979 89 88 86 87 84 85 79 76 80 7t 8U 691980 87 87 87 88 84 85 81 78 75 80 85 as1981 86 86 85 86 85 83 87 77 82 83 89 911982 90 91 90 89 86 85 78 76 74 75 79 0719B3 88 85 85 85 88 87 86 81 78 84 89 901984 90 90 89 90 91 87 88 84 89 64 U) u¶i1985 90 88 88 88 a8 85 88 83 83 b2 L19 501986 89 91 90 89 87 88 85 o0 el te J c 1987 91 89 go 91 91 8S 82 81 77 77 Cat 90

average 82 88a1 89 88 86 e5.3 84 a0 P. &. C I e '

Source : The meteorology and Geophysical IstitutLe. J4kurta.

Table III. 2 shows the averagc precipitation for E

Baru area from 1974 to 1987.

Table Ill. 2. Average precipitatirm for i"ijar aaru stationfrom 1974 - 1907.

I I P. en t ng erg---- ---g-.-.--............................... .... ...................................... . ... .. ..

I I Jan j Feb march J 4 y 1Jrw J.Iv I A.;q . Iz.c: ': - ; ;- .

_......................................................................................................

197 152.6 349.6 - 211.6 205.2 1C.6 73.9 139.5 1 U.5 122.1I .1.7 I ;j I . : Z11973 " I.7 217.8 518.3 I253.7 t t4. I 135.5 200 1Z.L 1l7. I 1.f. I:: -11976 1 l7&.7 I 305. j 185a.6 1 138.91 C7.4 1 159.9 1 54.1 J C5S. I 1J.4 . W' -vi ;:* ;.

1977 317.9 42..8 3A.1 33 j 93S.4 n72 2I.2 ,5.?, I 12.? 2;.: L:.a. i . .Z197ZJ 21S.4 262.71 390.7 272.71 214.9 1".4 2U. 1W.Z t:'-;I IS ; Il.. 1 1.-..1979 415.2 192 296.6 211'.3 185.6 132.9 3..1 23.7 V I . I Z.".. I.' '.-

1980 1 413.1 I270 I 135.1 191.1 159.6 1114.1 RZ.3 20.4 .6.1 I21.1.'. ii.:. I *.*t

i 1981 | Zes | 26.3 233.1 j 446.5 | 17L.C. 3 2.1 230.2 I 1J.' 3 &.1 I Z. ! ' a;.I1982 311.l1 k0.4 392.3 2O- j19.9 61.S t1O.-I 4.11 2 2.- *

1983 | 37.2 23&-. 126 .. I s S. |J53.bfi6 2 1 . 1.3 1 12.7 2.I I 2.1.1 IJ f. t se. I%9u 1. 45.1 241.3 U'I.4 3-,2.4 1A.L PA. 1. 227 3 3t,.: lU.I;.!e- i|L.e * 'A I1985 453.5 177.5 f 212.2 176.9 169.1 W.3 94.5 1s S I 'I:--'. I -': l I-

11907 1313.6 22.7 421.7 207.3 197.51 L0. 37.Z :1.2 |;.4 I :s ::i.' .::A_. ........ ...................................... .......................................................................... .....

Scurce : The MearcLcg 1 ad epn r izal IrtuIt.e., J..aeza.

cv.: -

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Table III. 2 shows that the dry season in Banjarmasin

occurs from May to October. However, in 1983 the precipita-

tion was still highl in May and Junc, it. was us.. m,m asnd

243.6 mm respectively. In May 1984 the it was relatively

high, 10.6 mm. At the dry season in 1974 to 1987, the record

of the lowest precipitation was in August 1981, it w..a only

10.3 mm; while the highest was in October 1976, 399.¶J mm.

The rainy season in Banjar Baru is from tiovembur t

April (Table III. 2). The lowest precipitation was in ipril

1983, 57.8 mm and the highest was 518.3 mm, in M.arch 1S7t0.

III. 1. 2. Physiography and Geology

A. Physiography

The transmission route which starts fron Mulut r.3r.al,jI

Power Station and ends at Relay Station Trinak.ti a_ rorc or

less parallel to high ways. Those route generally .

through plain or undulated areas. The plain areas uS&.22

consist of swamps, or plain areas covered witn tall rjrse_and bushes. The undulated mountains consi-t of _

areas covered with tall grasses and busnce, ar.d _ose- areas

which are being developed to be sugar cdr.U ,

especially around Pelaihari City (Figure III. 2j.

From Asar-AsaD to Jorong, the trarisZiZic,. r --

will pass through plain areas, which are cove:re ,S' :ti_

grasses and sparse bushes. From Jorong to Pe!a.t&.'A, ::.._route passes through zedium to light ur.culate_ -::;.:..&

Right before entering Pelaihari, rhe topoqrapt.y c-r.s.z_: _

low undulated mountains coverred by tall gras-Se ar.a _

which is alzo used for sugar cane pilantation. ?rr,:. hari to Cempaka the transmission route pdzcez tnrouq:t

i r -3

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slightly undulated mountain to slightly undulated lowland of

sugar cans plantation. From Cempaka to Trisakti the trans-

mission lina will pass over plain or swamp areas and soma

undulated lowland.

B. Geology

From Asam-Asam to Jorong, the transmission routo will

pass over swamp deposits which consist of loose gravel,

sand, silt, and clay. Red sandstone of the Upper part of

Dahor Formation is some time exposed in some places. From

Jorong to Pelaihari, the lithology consist of sedimentary

rocks of Dahor Formation (Tertiary). In the soutlh of Ptelai-

hari, the route will pass through weathered Mesozoic Meta-

morphic Rocks. In Cempaka, this line in general will pass

through Quaternary deposits overlying the Tertiary Red

Sandstone. From Cempaka to Trisakti, it will cross :.wainp

deposits which consist of loose gravel, sand, silt, and cl.y

(Figure II:. 3).

III. 1. 3. Hydrology

The transmission route will pasz through man! bLg .antJ

small rivers. Asam-Asam and Martapura river- ir%. ttt: ,4.1i

streams which will be crossed by the route. Other _nmt.1

rivers are Sawangan, Tabanio, and Banyuhir4n.

Asam-Asam river is -. ose to the Mulut T.ik.bnc Paowr

Station location. It flows from the north to the SCutth. tG

the Java Sea. The maximum discharge down strcan (arftr

crossing with the bridge) is 54.4 n3/ iecon, wh*:Lu t':s

minimum discharge is 0,90 s 3/ second. Uc_zide iLtt Lj ^

people's daily lives, the river is alsc u_cd ac:

tion medium, especially for transporting timters.

1ill - :

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Martapura river crosses the Municipality City Banjarma-

sin near - the Relay Station Trisakti. This river flows to

Barito river near Banjarmasin City.

In general, the low and high tide in the Martapura

river is affected by the low and high tide of Barito river.

Table III. The high - low tide of Martapura river.

.............................................................................................

I I Highest tide I Loiwet tide

m Nonth | Time Height lime lileight I| I tContr.t Indo- Crdn) P Say of Ccentrat Indo- (cdm) I Day of| | fmIafln T IIe) neslan Time) | |

Janury 120.30 - 22.30 122.4 - 24 1 -11 111.30 - 1Z.3O I O0.8 11 - 19IFebruary 19.30 - 20.30 |21.6 -23.2 3 - 11 10.30 - 11.30 | -1.6 116 - 25.NIrch 16.30 - 17.3D |21.6 -22.4 23 -27 09.00 - 10.30 I 1.6 4.0| 9 - 25.Apr1t |15.00 - 16.30 22.4 - 23.2 20 -24 104.30 - 06.00 |2.4 4.0 119 291

may 112.00 - 12.30 23.2 - 24 21 - 29 01.00 - 03.00 0. *2.4 181 - 3June |11.30 - 12.00 213.2 - 24.8 16 - 291 00.30 - 01.20 | 0.0.D1 23 30J

I July 109.30 - 10.30 122.4 - 24 1 1S- 21 23.30 - 00.30 I 0 0.11 14- 28lugust |07.30 - 09.30 |21.6 - 22.4 11 - 191 2.00 - 22.30 l0.8 -2.4 18 25Septeer IO05.30 - 06.00 121.6 - 22.4 119 - 29 21.30 - 22.00 12.4 -4.01 2- 5October 103.30 - 04.00 122.4 - U3.Z 1S * 30 11.30 - 17.30 13.2 4.0 125 30lovcfifer I24.00 - 01.00 123.2 - Z4 124 - 261 13.30 - 14.30 I 1.6 2.4 23 27

|Dceuber |22.30 - 23.30 123.2 - 24 24 - 25 109.30 - 13.30 10.8- 1.6 1 1 21*...___.____..._.__.__..................._._............................................ ...............................

Source : The Neteorotogy and Geophysical Institute, Jakarta

The table shows that the high tide is around 22.4 - 24

dm with minimum tide of 21.6 dm and the maximum of 24.8 dnm.

The low tide is arcund 0.8 - 2.4 dm, the minimum i_. 0.0 dii

and the maximum is 4 dn.

11I.1.4. Soil

Based on the available soil. m&p of I LOO,000 :.c.L%.

regionally South Kalimantan is composed of = _oil =4p. UnLt_

I1I.] -:

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(SMU); which include soil map units Organosol gicihumus,

Alluvial, Latosol, Yellowish red Podzolic complex, Laterit-

ic, and Podzol (Fig. I11.4).

In the southern and western parts of South Kalimantan

Province, parallel to the coast, Alluvial SMU is distribut-

ed. This unit covers the coastal and fluvial plains, with an

elevation between 1 - 15 m above sea level. The ground water

surface is generally low, these areas is even flooded peri-

odically, or permanently in some places. The alluvial unit

includes many different kind of soils, namely Glei Humic,

Glei Histic, alluvial, and Regosol. The alluvial is origi-

nated from a parent rock which consists of dusty to sandy

clay alluvium with an organic rich top horizon, where as the

regosol is developed from loose coarse coastal sand.

The Glei Humic and Glei Histic soils are hydromorphic,

rich in organic material, and occ'ipy low depth areas. Thc

Glei soil spreads on areas with bad drainage system, espe-

cially along the Java coast (flooded coastal swamps), the

flooded areas of Kintap and Asam-Asam rivers and their

distributaries, and southern part of Banjarmasin. The alluv-

ial covers especially along river banks, consists of rcla-

tively new aulvium, and is still being renewed. The reco;ol

soil is distributed mainly in the southeast coastal plain-.

consists of coarse and loose coastal sand. The Glei lumic

soil unit spreads over 43,487 hectares, the Alluvi.Al unit

covers 43,487 ha, whereas the Regosol covers 27,772 h.i..

Stretching out to the south west, covering mo'c p4.&t Ot

the western and north western parts of Regency T&n lh L4ut L':

the Physiographic unit FKeratus HiLl. This unit h&z "n .leV.z-

tion around 100 - 500 m above sea level. About 4T-Jt t;..& .-.:

the areas is 500 m above sea level. Keratus KL : :

dissected volcan, covered by Latozol unit. Lto, :

tropical soil, *with deep solu=, ar.d ac_dic. Lac s! i_

produced by an intensive weathering ct rpdrur.t rc..e_. z:

.. * - ;

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overburdwning o. nutrient elements. Latosol soil map unit

covers about 153,000 hectares areas. It also includes Lito-

sol. Litosol covers over 16,000 hectares of steep slope

areas. Its development is hampered due to the fast erosion.

Yellowish red Podzolic and Lateritic soil map units

occupy gentler slope areas with an elevation between 25 -

100 meters above sea level, mainly between the Meratus Hill

and the coastal plain physiographic units. These units

covers over 205,000 hectares of Banjar Regency.

The soils in the research area especially in the dry

land (up land) are very acidic, dominated by low activity

clay with low Cation Exchange Capability (CEC), low basic

saturation, high Al exchange capability. l'his is due to

the intensive process of the parent rock weathering and the

nutrient leaching which have gone on for relatively lonej

time, controlled by humid climate, high rate of hydrocarbon

accumulation (2,755 mm/year), and the high number of rain;

days (190 days/year), with 2-3 dry months/ year. 7hc 5oi1 in

the research area especially in the dry land soil; l'toza!

and yellowish red podzolic, show a very low actu.a .an.

potential fertility. One of the physical cnaracter con-straint of che yellowish red podzolic soil is tn.'c Ltz t.-.p

is very vulnerable to erosion, especially ft it Lz left

fallow.

The low-land soil, the gici humic ana cjlci ni.t-.: -. AndJ

alluvial arc chemically similar to the upland z_oLi, r:-xccpt

that the pH is a little bit higher that =uppre=c:c tnL Al

availability to below poisoning concentration. WhLathL L.

poisonous to plants. Furthermore, the organic mLItccr e.,ran.rn-

tration in the top soil is higher due to the accurnuLatLein ef

fluvial and swamp deposits, and the slower procc_ t.C th-z

organic matter destruction due to flooding. Thu ground w4tur

surface is very low (less than 50 cm) in thc- e Lh, .

restricts the development of the plant root=. Dr-& ;-in

iiS: - *

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system improvement may be able to induce to de crease the

soil pH and increase the Al availability.

In detail, the main constraint of the soil in the

research area is as follows : the upland (convex areas), the

yellowish red podzolic soil, has medium : high Al saturation

which is poisonous to cultivated plants. The low-land soil,

podzolic glei or greyish yellow podzolic and gleisol umbric

(glei humic) have a very low ground water surface (less than

50 cm). Those constraint are the main restrictions for

cultivating hard plants. The stagnant surface water (swamps)

and the reductive soil is the main constraint for cultivat-

ing dry land plants in the gleisol histic soil.

The soil in the research area are still potential for

cultivating one season, low rooted plants, because the top

soil are still contain organic matter (with medium concen-

tration) Nitrogen, especially when white washing is done.

However, a lot of chalk may be needed to increase the land

productivity , due to the low pH and the high buffering

capacity of the soil.

III.1.S. Land Uses

The comprehensive diagram of the land use of the areas

along the transmission route from Asam-asam to the Trisakti

is shown in Figure III.S. Between Asam-asam and Pelaihari,

the route generally passes through tall grasses meadow,

plantation, rice field, and some forests. Jorong area simi-

lar to Asam- asam, the route passes over plantations, some

rice field, vllages, and some forests. Closer to Pelaihari,

beside rice field and villages, the route passes through

sugar cane, rubber and other plantations.

Between Pelaihari and Cempaka, the route are covered by

sugar cane, rubber, rice fields, other plantations, somc

villages and dry field (not irrigated field). Between Ccmpa-

III - 8

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ka and Trisakti the route will pas through tall grasses

meadow, dry field and iron wood field areas. A lot of rice

field is found in Kayubawang and Banyuhanyar area, whereas

areas between Banjarmasin city and Trisakti is generally

villages. Only a small part of them are tall grasscs mead-ows and dry fields.

111.2. Biotic Component

111.2.1. Flora

Based on the vegetation covering, there are 5 different

kind of plant formations along the transmission route,

namely cultivated plant, secondary forest, open vegetation,

swamp, and mangrove forest.

a. Tanah Laut Regency

The transmission network will pass through the brackiish

Asam-asam river. The area is characterized by mangrovu

Yruquera sp which grows along the riverbank. rTe trinzMi_-

sion will also pass through the cultivated plant-s. _uc1 a..

areca nut and jack fruit. In most part or JoroljcJ atd:twOr).

region, this transmission will cross tall cjr.o3S zu.3i' :'

Laban tall grass association, Xarang munrirhq and :

They are interspaced by secondary forest (especially wnivn 2tcrosses the rivers), cultivated pine, and dry iieLa. bu-:ue

tall grass meadow and laban tall grass Cict ' r.Pelaihari, the transmission line will also pa_ tnrc&U9rnrubber and sugar cane plantations. The rjL-twork w.i *. i_

pass over Bat_-bati area, which partly _ t,

filled with Purun, and dry field wt.ere - ,cotton tree, bananas, star fruit and pine apple ..:r qr;-.

iLi - ;

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b. Banjar Regency

Cempaka sub district is one oa sub district in Banjarregency which will be passed by the transmission network.Most of the vegetation in Sub district Cempaka is cultivat-

ed plant formations. The transmission route will also pasS

through Sub district Landasan Ulin which is coverod by mosay

swamp vegetation, meadow and cistern rice field.I

The transmission will across Gambut and Kayu Dawan:cj

towns in Sub district Gambut. Most of this region is swaml).Galam trees are very common in this area. These trees are

used for fences, fire wood and pales.

Before entering Cempaka sub district, the transmissiion

route will pass through an open field formation dominiated by

tall grasses, interspaced by cultivated plants. tth networvwill then enter cempaka Electric Relay Station. Luavi:tj

Cempaka Electric Relay Station , the route crosses under-

brush with sparse vegetation, dominated by tal) cjrs.

Laban, Karangmunting, eme.laka and chasew trec to Camrbrut -uJodistrict.

c. Municipality City Banjarmasin

Having entcred the aunicipality city I:..:.j.r::.::.. Ii.*

transmission route will pass through an open !;ejC -t:e:.-tial areas, housing, yards as well as garcear. i c Ve..:-

tion is usually cultivated. In Trzakt. : :

will pass through swa_py areas.

111.2.2. Terrestrial Fauna

Direct ooservation on tne field ana a r -..

some people show that the cerrestrial faura _ -e:,- ;

in the research area. Various faunal pockcrz art Lt .r.4

mangrove forect, while the tall grazz mcaconw Ana *,c ;r;,

region are rarely occupied by animaLz. kvifa(un.& .-;

rrL - 1

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where, various birds are even found in heavy populated

areas. even though the forestry statistic record from the

Office of the Forestry of South Kalimantan shows a list of

more than 100 kinds of protected animals, but only few of

them are seen, namely: Bekantan monkey,~ eagle, and Cucuk

udang.

various animals which are often seen during the field

observation are listed in the following table.

Table 1114 : Types of animalt

Animal type..........................................

Local nae Latil namc............................................

lird

1. Sritl hw Sp2. Euprit Lonchura ap3. LranJangan iirnfr spI. Prmnjak Prinia sp5. Deruk Stretooeet ap6. Porkutut Ceacelia Sp7. Kutitang Pynonolus Bpe. Srigunting Dircurus sp9. AyaM Gau SpIO.Aya. ras Caies Sp

NAHALIA

1. Anjing Canil sp2. tucinlg !Li- Sp3. xaming Capra spI.. Sapi gas SpS. 8abi butan Sue baroaru%6. rNamn vivetrr Sp7 TIkMs ajrrui t7) soI. aaaa&aa&aaamaaL&.L5&La&AL&aa&&Sp

XZX..3. Social Economy, Social Culture, and Public lloalth

Components

Ixx.3.1. Population

a. Population Dansicy

The presented demography data incLudes thr c: dlciC:.i-ri

data from every Sub district which are % c:crL W-y thu

important impacr (due to the project) or iron ;-

are crossed by the transmission network.

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Table 111.5 Region slze, populacion, and tho clenalty per n2

Sub diat-ict| Diteet ciza| Popullation PoapulatiosiI (km2) 1 density

P*IaLhavL 602,75 50,201 83Bati - batl 395,50 28,163 . 71Cempaka 188,24 16,397 87Banjar Baru 46,40 33,826 729

Landasan 178,70 29,415 165UlinCambut 129,30 24,873 192Ketak Anyar 81,30 26,869 330Banjar 32,55 135,320 4.289

selatanBanjar 7,89 134,007 16.984barat

Source Sudistrict ln number in 1990

The table shows that Banjar barat sub diztrict is thic

narrowest (7.92 k)m2 ) but the population is big tnzat mak:c

its population density the highest (16, 984 pcople/kc:...

while Bati-bati sub district which is 395.50 km 2 'Wace only

occupied by 28.163 people. This makes its population denzLty

very low.

Table 11.6. The p*Aafion size cas an geftr_ ., .................................................. _

| | A:LlIc | CiIrcF m| Skb district .. . . . .. . . .............

m ate F~1l< j *ry Corl II . I . .--- ---- -- - ---- - - - --- -I---------- 1

Petaithari | 44511;.219 1 1.t67 10.1$4Bai-rAti I :.2C .1s 5.777 1;.7

Icmu I Z.Zn z.U I %.-: I '*.- I8aniar Iaru I 1.566 1 tO.52 6.i r 6.-546Lanaan Ulin .M C .LZS 5. S.13 .7%7G amt ? 7.;U 6.127 4 &.76 .5 Itertak hangar 7MO J .324 7.Z239 j t.Z2}|anjar setatani 37.1; | 317J5 US 3|ZZ | 7LziJar taract I .C5'2 ( U.W3 22J. l 22. 2

|T a t a t |*25 |1;.1tK '0 X.2

Source : SZaisxrict in anamr in VPK

zrz - I

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The table shows that the population of tho adult isbigger than children population. It means that tho numiber orworking generation in the research area is big.

b. Peopla Mobility

Mobilitylpf the people is determined by the number of

people come and the number people leave the particulararea. The mobility of the people in the research area is

shown in Table 111.7.

Table 111.7: People mobility In 1989

Sub district DOtang Pergi Tambah Kurang

Pelalharl 1.138 417 * 771lati-batI 1.401 25 a 1.376ChIrka 14 11 * 3lanlar BaUr 981 543 43Landsan Ulin 260 261 - ICaebut 66 99 - 33Kertak hanyar 183 123 * 60Ianlar gelacan 435 377 58sanjar barat 1.324 1.004 320

Source : Subdistrict in number in 1990

Table 111.7 shows that the number of people that come

is bigger than the people that leave. This is because some

parts of certain sub district are transmigran destination,

so that the population always increases.

c. Mortality and Birth Rate

The birth and mortality rates also affect the popula-tion size. The birth and mortality rates are calculated

every year. The following table presents the birth and

mortality rates of sub districts in the researcn- drCaa

(Table 111.8).

111 - ':

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Table III.. Birth and ortalIty rate...Eubuuuu.umumuaa mu.amauaamu^

Sub district Oirth zertalIty............... ........... ...........Pal4lharl 346 197iatIbactl 201 104Cwfaks 131 22lanjor Baru 260 100Landasan UlIn 246 6Gabut 1" 95Certak hanyar 1L6 119Bmnlar selatan 709 428Banjar barat 1,135 306

Source i Subdistrict In nAmber, 1990

The table shows that the birth rate is a lot higherthan the mortality rate. This may be caused by two possibil-ities, first, family planning program is not success in thisarea, second, their health awareness is high that they arein a good health.

XI.3.2. Education and Religion

a. Education

Education uaeans and infrastructure in the transmissionroute are as follows:

Table 111.9. Education mans ard Infrastructure in the research area in 1989.muuUael"aua=am.sua s seauea-U _ wasuuuumss.sarn-autU- Za - U eZ UB

Elementary Schootl Junior Nigh School High SchoolSub district -..-.---.-.

School I Student I School I Student ISchool I Student............... .............................................................

Pelaihari 55 8 752 4 1.502 6 2*163sati-bati 34 4.383 4 560 1 S7Cenpoka 11 1.043 260 1 40lanjar Baru 33 5S 85 8 2*7GI 11 3.945Landasan Ulin 11 459 2 526 1 46Cambut 2S 2 1Kortak hanyar 29 3 741 3 Saa 1 elganiar selatas 19 17,799 18 4.00S 2.962ganjar borac 112 23.497 31 11.238 26 9,926

sore u.f distrctl inS. A*r. .. ... 1 ,0

Source: Subdistrict in nbrr, 1990.

II, - 14

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Table IXI.9 shows that every sub district has schools,

from elementary to high school. The number of elementary

schools in each sub district has met the need of the sub

district, even if they are not spreid evenly. The number of

Junior high schools is still too small compare to the ele-

mentary school graduates, who need to continue their study.

Five of the sub districts in the research areas has only one

high school each, while the others have had enough high

schools.

b. Religion

People in the research area along the transmission

route are generally Moslem, some of them are Christians and

Chatolics. Only few of them are Hindus and Buddhist (Table

III.10).

Table 111.10. Meens of observances of Religious Duties in the research area.

!I! Raligious service Place R Religion

|Regncy 1 ..-. . ..---- ---- -.----.---......-----.-------.1mosque | Prayer |Crch | slsm Chrls:ianst ii indu

l l I house | Chatolic B LBudiist I

| lelathari 41 122 4 48.653 1 179 369 |

iBati-bati 1301 40| 28.05B| 100 S5cemaka |32| 9 |16.315| 79 3 31Raienjr Bru 1151 S3 5 32.424 | - l

Lunasan UlIn 10 4S I 2 I 27.031 1.738 155 |Cambut I14 891 2 1 24.U391 12 21

Ilanjar selatanl 27 1 2W 1 132.2501 - I -

I Banjar berat 1 21 1 154 a I 125.966 I 6.452 I 1.588 I

Source: Subdistrict in nufber 1990.

SII.3.3. Public Health

a. Disease Pattern

The data on out patient treatment of the most common

disease in South Kalimantan shows that in 1991, the three

III - 1

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most common are upper larynx infection (ISPA), skin disease,and diarrhea (including suspected Cholera) respectively

The Table III.11 also shows that Clinical malaria (Ma-laria klinis) is one of 10 common disease.

Table 111.11. Ton mot common disease of out patienttreatmnnt in South Kalimntan. based an the Public HealthCenter New Cases, In 1991.

No. Group of diseale Procentage CZ).......................................................

1. Upper Larynx Infection 47.I22. Skin disease and sub -

cutan tissue direase 12.203. Diarrhea (inctuding suspected

cholera) 10.624. Gastric ulcer 8.76S. Gum and periodental tissue

disease 5.076. Pulpa and peripheral tissue

disease 3.9J7. Opthalmitic 3.438. High blood pressure 3.189. clinical maaria 2.4310. Tooth caries 2.35

Source : South Kaliaantan Public Health Center data reportan disease CLUI). 1991.

Data on clinical patients that is out p.tiunt truQtudin the State General Hospital (RSU) in thc enctire souttiKalimantan Region show that the most common casc is Acuteinfection of upper larynx (ISPA[ , influenza, a.nd diarrne.irespectively (Table III.12).

lable 111.12. len ost cocr- aiseasa so cl 1 Faltcrt trc%Amontin the State Gearal x"pai:Uls in S4:h fit imantan icjEn in OvX:I

ho. Cro4p of disease .PerCer e (CZ).. ...................... .. ....................................

1 Acwte Infection of "p:er tzar 3..S22. Putpa ai« peripcera. tissue 4'-

3 1 n I l u e n z a *0 174 Diarrhea. Crstro en:oritic 9. 7S . "striLic. oi.Aenitc. sam

other s&ct ch syIC 48.so6. Sain disease uc Bu.er Cs ;

kutam) tisan 7.3S7. Eye disease uw vtr.er 6a.ata. other u.pper tarwu infection 6.C19. Ca -r peribw.t ai esac

18. Other fever. ei in riJumbn Coc 5.02

Saurce: Nopital ret COL 21).

Data in Table II I.12 is similar to the di ta f ro- trien

Public Health Center (Table III.11), however, maZlaria Lz not

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in it. The fever which are not known their cause may ba

suspected, diagnosed as malaria.

The examination result on malaria to transmigrans in,some transitoes in South Kalimantan in 1991-1992 shows tlhaL

some transmigrans were contracted malari,a at their original

place before they came to South Kalimantin. It proves thatmalaria is carried by transmigrans to South Kalimantan.

Table 111.13. Examination reault on malaria in SouthX-limantan tranit.s in 1991-1992.

Arrive at Area of Population | Examined SpocIv5

No. _________________________________________-Transito origln K. JLwa Dip. Pas I1' I'f I[V I'M L A

-__ _ - _____ -_____ ----- ___ ____ __ __ -- ___

1 4 Junl 1991 JatLm/ 69 235 141 2 1,4 1 1 _ _

Jabar2 15 Juni 1991 Jabar 30 113 102 - 0 - - _ _3 BJull 1991 IITB 72 261 82 2 2,4 1 1 _

4 13 Des. 1991 Jateng 13 S1 24 - 0 - - (- -

5 12 Jan 1992 JaLeng 15 45 45 1 2.2 - 1 I6 21 Jan 1992 Jateng 38 162 121 2 0, - _

7 20 Peb 1992 Jateng 34 121 111 - 0 - -

8 15 Jan 1992 HTB so 187 105 1 0.s 1 _ _

9 18 Jan 1992 Ja.Lm 26 77 70 _ 0 - - _ _ I10 12 Jan 1992 Jabar 89 205 112 1 0,t - :11 18 Jan 1992 JatLm 22 15 116 O _ _

12 21 Jan 1992 Jaceng 49 191 163 2 '2 1 213 29 Jan 1992 Janeng 22 as 7' - -_ t14 12 Hart 1992 Jabar/ 146 S57 131 2 L.5 2 -%- I -

t [ J e~iaeng/

15 21 Jan 1952 Jabar 2 9 9 - ° - I- I- I -

16 25 Jan 1992 Jabar 92 340 235 s | : ; j; t .17 12 Jan 1952 Jatiz 43 1'25 L2 _ _ ,

18 21 Jan 1992 JarOng 24 9S 74 - 0 | - I-I-I19 29 Mei 1991 Jabar 35 160 a0 - a - t -20 14 Juni 1991 DZI/ 61 264 161 - 0 _ _ 1_ _

Jabar21 18 Juni 1991 Jatia 68 321 13i - 022 14 Juli 1951 DY. 21 72 £7 _ _ Il I _ 23 14 Des. 1991 Jateng 11.4 342 53 - 1_ _ _

24 13 Jan 1952 Jaci/ 39 N0 67 - | I I3 anenq/I IJabac II

I rotal I zIlO 14321 1241b III IG 17 t - It*,~~~~~~~~~~~~------------------. _.__..........a_______,___

SourcQ: South kal1iantan Health S&:vCO c 992

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The number of people suffering from diarrhea is very

high in Tanah Laut Regency. They are 3451, two of them died

(Table 111.14.). Even though the fatality,rate is relativelylow, we still need to concern about the XLB diarrhea, since

it may be related to environ mental hygieniety and sanita-I

tion in South Kalimantan.

Table ZXI.14. Diagrhea suffeers (cincludlng diarrhea KL3).Based on the P40 reported South Kalimantan Province ln 1991.

Popu- Dlarrhea Sufferer No Regency lation -__ CFR r I R

Suffererf Died

I Banjarmasin 492082 19995 5 0,03 4,062 Banjar 4 453351 8413 a 0,10 1,863 Tanah Laut 190880 3451 2 0,06 1,81

I Jumlah 11136313 | 318.591 | I 0,19 | 7,73

Source: South Kalimantan Health Service, 1992

a - sufferersd - diedCFR - Case Fatality RateIR * Incident Rate

Even though a specimen test did not show a positive

result, two people contracted Dengue Hemmor hagic Fever

(Table IIT.15). In Banjar and Banjarmasin Regency, however,

the number of Dengue Hemmorhagic Fever sufferers i: very

high, it is 53 and 82 respectively. Those numbers are higher

than in Tanah Laut, Tapin and Tabalong regancies.

;:- :.4

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Table !.21S. Number of Dengue Hemmorhagic Favor sufferers

C.F.R. DHF HAI TEST DAERAH TERJANOKITNo Regency S D s ------------- -------------------

SPC POS Subdistrict Town____ -------------- --- --- ------ ------------- ---------- --------

1. BanjarmasLn 82 0 0 38 23 4 322. B a n j a r 53 1 1,96 42 17 4 143. a t o I a 37 1 2,70 - - 5 84. H.S. Selatan 27 0 0 27 17 6 11S. H.S. Tengh 8 O 0 1 0 4 66. H.S. Utara 4 0 0 4 1 2 47. Xotabaru - - - - - - -8. Tanah Laut 2 0 0 2 0 1 29. Tapin 1 0 0 1 1 1 110. Tabalong 2 0 0 2 0 1 1

mimmm.unEummin..m.i.m.m.......m... "".u.a.mum *bu**mf.au Z..""

Source SeckaL P2 Arbovirus, South KalLmantan Health Survicu, 1992Notes : S a Sufferers D a Died I. S Procentagu

It appears that from the whole DHF cases in South

Kalimantan, only two people died, one is in Banjar Regency

and the other is in Batola Regency.

b. Traffic accident

Traffic accident (both air and surface traffic) in Subdistrict Landasan Ulin increases both quantitatively andqualitatively from one year to the next year (Table III.16)

Table 111.16. Ite rauacr of &.rI.ac aud air trafficacciaGis In S%o aistric% Lanzuwun utin. lrce MI':- IVr.I. ma.aaaaa..aAaaaJaaaauaaaJaaaaaa.L5da.a..... m aaA..........

lean hwzer of Died sea&ity Ligltry leAra.gAcc;ame injurel injured er

........ ... ... ...... ....... .... ..... ... ..... ..........

198S 59 9 IS 3S S

1cea a 7 1.S 42

1987 71 3 IC 53 6

191. 77 1 1 Sl 6

1989 U2 16 2S 46 7

1990 89 21 6 S2 7

-AI rce Ee c IaiZrca3IPaaaJhSiceJector.IIJa I

Saiaee s bla ajaror.an. oie S.cCor* 17,2.

'! -!'J

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Table III.17 and Table 111.18. depict water/rivertraffic accidents and land traffic accidents respectively.

Table III. 17. Data on the river/water traffic accLdenctefrom Jorong PolLce Sector

R l v a r / w a t e r t r a f f l c a

Number of V L ca t m NumberNo fear accident -------------- of

MD |LO Ln IVLolation

1. 1987 -_ _

2. 1988 _ _ _

3. 1989 1 1 _ _ 1

4. 1990-- - - -

S. I1991-- - - -

ITotal I 1 1|-I-| 1.u-m mumu. uu..........m........

Source Jorong Police Sector, 1992

Tabel 111.18 : Data oin violations from Jorong Police Scctor

L a n d / G r o u n d T r a f f L c

Number of V i c tmNo Year vLolation ---------- … …-Total

14D I LB I LR Violation

1. i9B7 - - - -

2. 1988 3 _ 3 _ 3

3. 1989 1 -_ _

4. 2950 3 2 _ .

5. 1991 o 3 2 1 6

jTora. 1 13 6 C. 2 1 3

Source .Jorong Police Secto:. 1992Note HD a Deatn, L a Sev'ere ij..ry, LA a H.:.. nj_r

Those tab3ls also show that work di- cipiir.% z : :

regulations are not being reinforcec ar.o thust tno_e 3cc-10-

ents may also happen in any other place in tT.C areia w:aA:.

will be passed by transmission route.

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Onts may also happen in any other place in the areas which

will be passed by transmission route.

The health service in sub districts located along the

transmission route is presented in the following table.

Table 111.19. The avallability of Health service In thesub districts along the tranmission routem|-agamamuumuamummumumammammuuuu.,umumm_uaaumauau.muuuuauumaummmummuumu

|NOa Regency |Subdistrictl AS lPkml PP I *P IOKIAIKKNIPydlPKII DS I1-1 ............................................ 1I I mlanjr J 1 161 4 1 31 619160 1 - -II I Selatan I I I I I I I I I I

11.1 anJarrmsin ..-. ........... IbanJor 1 3 1 2 1 6 1 2 1 - I S 162

II Ilarat I I I I I I I III I I IIJoro 2 6 I 2 1 - -

I I J 1… l l l l l II 1 1 ~~~-.---------------- --------------------

| I |IPela Haril 1 12 114 | 10 I 8 2 2 1541- | -|I2.1 Tanah Laut I I I I I I I I I I I

II I i I -I I1 1 7 1 I I 1 124 I

I I I Cuapaka I - I I 1 2 1 -I - 1 3 127 1 41 - II I I II I I l I I I

II lI lanharberul 11 3 1 1 1 -I - I - I - I - I II I I II I I l I I I

] I ~~~~I-'------------*---------------------------------- .... I

I |I| Landasan I I I I I I I I I S | 3 120 | - I -13.1 0 nJar I Ul in I I I I I

II I I ! I I I I I

I I I- - - --t 1-111 311- -!-1221 'I - -II I I I I I I I I 1 1 I

I l 1~~- ----------- ------------------------------------- 1Kertak I 1-I -11 11 I-'

II ~ ~ HIfnyar | |I I I II I I

Source : Subdistrict in nuWbor in 1939/1991Ex3otn ttcn : RS - Rumab Sakit C

Pkh a PuskesmasPP * Puskesmas PerbantuEP * 8alal PengabatanUKlA * aalal Kesehatan Ibu dan AnakKM a Kelempok Ketuarga IerenconaPyd a PosyanduPIM a Paz leluarga BerenronaOS * Dokter Suasta

III - 21

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The health service facilities in South Kalimantan. vary

with regards to their function, the region, the purpose and

objectives. They are very different from one regency to

another.The medical and paramedic personnel in the research

area along the transmission route are pre sented in table111.20.

Table 111.20. Nrabor @i medicat and paramedical personml

In the sub districts aLong the transmissien routemu^agahamuuaauaaauuaaaaaaagaa^ZZ asasazaaaamaZagaaamuuamu.aaaa^a.a asam.aa

lmol Regency IsubdistrlctlmD.1 HU I N IDT 11jW lIHVIPOwPlatiOn II I I I I I I I ItI ----------- I-----------------------I..I....I Ilanjar- 125 58 174 I 1 - 153

I I Isetatan I I I I I I I

11.1 ganjaraosin I...-......... -.. . .. 1 10.876

I 1 I JBn;Mr 138 34 | - I - 6 1-I I

F1 ----------- I----------v------ ................... I.....r . . .... > I

I Ia Jorng I Z I - II I I I II-. I. . ....................... I. . II 1 IJ-r--h---- -I-I-- --- 1IPetal Maril ? 1 3 I - 1 3 1 96 1 - 1 2.7LS

12.1 Tanah Laut I.......-.-.----.. I

I I I Bati-Sat 2 1 - I 1I 7 I II .......................I......... I......I I ~~~~I C-cmka I -I -I -I -*I- I I1--1---- --- ----- --- ----------------------------

IaI I a rtaru|l I ' I I I

l l I ~~...... ..... ........ .. ..... ...... .... ............. IIl Iaatar tarrullIZI-21 1O- | 'a ° II I .I I I

I I IjLMrcaS JIJ bjI-J .12 3I SCI .?$413.1 Baniar I ulin I I I I I I I I

II nanar I II I Iz_II ........................................

Saurce : Swdistricts in rnamer.1989e19S0

reteraan W Q a * dical dc:r

a * bwrse

UT * Dentist

TWA a Traditicnat aid eite

The table shows that the medical and parazedica2 per-sonnel in sub districts passed by the transmic ion routeappear to be different, they vary from one sur aistrict toanother.

IEI - 22

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CHAPTER IV

ESTIATXION AND EVALUATXON OF THE

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

IV.31. Environmental Impact Identification

An impact identification flow chart (see appendix 1)can be drawn based on the interaction between the projectactivities and the environment. This area includes a 50meter distance to the right and left of the route.

The estimation and evaluation on the important expected

impacts can be seen in Appendix 2.

IV.2. Impact Estimation and Evaluation

IV.2.1. The Environment impact to the Project

IV.2.1.a. Physical

Some of the areas along the transmission route, such asin Asam-asam and Sub district Gambut - Banjarmasin, arecomposed of swamps. This makes the tower foundation con-struction and cable stringing difficult.

The municipality city Banjarmasin, from T 100 to Tri-sakti Relay Station, is mainly a residential area with arelatively dense population. This will likely cause problemsin the land acquittal. There will be two towers located in

this area.

V.2.1.b. social - Economy

The dense populated area (Municipality city Banjarma-

IV - 1

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sin) does not seem to support the transmission route.

The swamp areas along the transmission route may pro-vide breeding places for mosquitoes, which can endanger the

project workers.

IV.2.2. The Impact for the Project to the Environment

IV.2.2.1. Pro Construction

IV.2.2.l.l. Field Survey

Field surveys show that outside the municipality city

Banjarmasin, Relay Station Asam-asam does not cause any

negative impact, because people seem to be able to accept

the project. Social unrest is likely to occur in a highlypopulated area such as municipality city Banjarmasin. The

residents are concerned that the compensation for the landand buildings may be lower than what was determined by the

Government. This will cause large negative impacts.

IV.2.2.1.2. Information

Information about the construction plan is planned tobe given to the people living in the project and surroundingareas before the land acquittal. This should be done in asuch way to make sure that they understand that the trans-

mission line is technically safe, that only the land which

is needed for the tower locations is acquitted, and that the

owners of the land will be getting compensation. They also

need to know that the compensation will be given fairly,

according to the prevailing regulations.This information is expected to help people understand

more about the project, which should also reduce the social

IV - 2

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unrest. Information sure will give a long term, very

important, positive impact to the project.

IV.2.2.1.3. Land Acquittal of the Location of the Tower Site

a. society perception

The Minister of Mining and Energy Regulation no. 1

P/MPE/1992, explains that the land to be acquitted and to

be compensated for is an area where the towers are located.

It can include houses and buildings, with the width of 29.5

x 29.5 m2 to 33.5 x 33.5 m2, depending on the tower type.

There will be 368 towers (225 of Aa type, 16 of Bbtype, 7 of Cc type, and 8 of Dd type) built along the

transmission line from Asam asam Power Station to Relay

Station Cempaka. 112 towers which consist of 100 Aa type,

7 Bb type, 2 Cc type, and 3 Dd type will be constructed

along the transmission line from Relay Station Cempaka to

Relay Station Trisakti.

There are 6 houses standing on the land where three

towers are to be located (Table IV. 1). The acquittal willcause negative impacts if the given compensation is lower

than the local standard price.

Table IV.1. List of the plamed towers which are located in the people's houses.

Tower Loected in the land type ExplanationI villag, of the site

T 107 TeLuk biru house aNd lots Located cexctlyIn the kitchen ofr. Sutom. Thehous meet fremiron wood.

T 110 Pelatua n four houses and Located in thea grocery store r - 4le of a dense

ly poputated oMI

Source Field observation

IV- 3

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b. Social Unrest

The land acquittal activities will cause social unrestamong the people living in the project and surrounding

areas, especially if the people do not understand the that

the transmission line is not dangerous. The land to bzacquitted is only the land where the towers will be located,

and it is relatively small. This may cause important nega-

tive impacts.

IV.2.2.2. Construction

IV. 2. 2. 2. 1. Worker Mobility

a. Job opportunity

This project will need 179 workers, 120 of them un-

skilled laborers. This will provide job opportunities for

the people in the project area. This also means a decrease

in unemployment. This positive impact may not be importantsince the project will be done within a very short time.

b. Income

Those job opportunities will increase people's income.

This positive impact may not be very significant, since the

project will only be done in a very short time.

IV.2.2.2.2. Equipment and Material Xobility

a. Road and transportation means

Heavy equipment and material mobilization will dciamac

roads, especially the small town roads. Patch roads need to

Iv -;

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be built since there are no roads to the tower sites. The

land is generally not productive, therefore the negative

impact will be small.

b. Traffic

The activities in mobilizing the equipment and materi-

als for the project will certainly damage the roads and

disturb the traffic, especially in Banjarmasin. This will

cause negative impacts, but since these activities will

only occur in a very short time, the impacts may not be

significant.

IV. 2.2.2.3. Tower erection

a. Land use

The total land that needs to be acquitted for the tower

sites consists of:

- 0.14 hectares of residential areas

- 8.28 hectares of rice field

- 3.58 hectares of plantation

- 0.28 hectares of dry field

- 15.3 hectares of bushes and scrubs

- 4.0 hectares of tall grass meadow

- 0.57 hectares of swamps.

The complete data on the land use in the project area

can be seen in Table Iv.l

Those lands will have different usage and will Affect

the people in those areas wihen the project is co=pleted*

However, since the land which will be occupied by the tcwers

is relatively narrow, and only along the trans_iusion line,

the negative impacts may not be significant.

-_

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RocapitQlatS.on of "umber, type of tower,, total arxea of acqaisited land I&bje M.2.. I or tower site aind land use alogtamiuih ie Z oe plant

3aire mnouth Alsam-.Asam -- Cempaka -'-Trisakti Subatation, Sanjaxmasin

A -1,. Nuimber and type of 1owOrs 1 Lanid uses &ad Ietal. arcia of uocqulsited lamd'-R,egenCIBs! Sub V. ititaes 9 r i 2 2 " 1 Z5 a

district' :. SetIgie ?dd:d ... ~~~~S 3 S * S IS . .Iha 0- ha..I I.

9 5 .* t 2 I V . 1.9 haC '

I iJ.gS I5 * .33.8IOEM 0.5..

HW..9 2A2.V 918 21 21 ~~~~~~~~~~ - - - 2-SI1bhaI.: 0.53.ha -

* 8 :jiiat..~~ : S : s - S - a -I SI S- IVWO.Pa1 o I : -

.L.i.hi)iIi 3 a 2 S S Us I - 31. .?1 hg,dj.wal 2: - 1~~ S - -. 0, ha 0b: .h I U~~%*pe-9 : - 1~ ~ I I I 0. a S

S S I ha Sa S: - .

I S S I S*

* : * I ha 1 : 8 ha* S *I1%.ftSVSSPIpol AS. 2- 3 2 -hp9-S

S -- - a-I %.O% IS- : . -, D - haI .S. M -.

Dk'4JM L&--d#a~Af S I S I

* S C~~~~~S

8 1 1 .~~~~~~~~~4 I I S. ha I OC V

* U C . S UI S I I

PASIM II?.4&: 8 - -8ha : .gb: a*S 1: .:

* S ~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~I IC S0 U ha C

I - - - - - -~~~~~~~~~~~ :e-i... Area 2 2 : It: - P: L%.2 :FM* ; ~~~ : ia.~~~~- i..1~~~~a : ii 8 * 2 1 : - : 3 8.22.8 a - - : -~~~~.0 m sTP,.

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b. Flora

There are only a few types and populations of plantscovering the land that will be used for the transmission

network. Rare plants are not found. The negative impactsdue to the loss of those plants is not si§nificant.

C. Fauna

The loss of the vegetation covering caused by theproject activities will.

IV.2.2.2.4. Instolation Transmision

a. Land

This activity Istelation Transmision will damagesplants and people's land, therefore this will make negative

impacts.

However the duration of this activity is take short timerelatively to finish the activity at each tower and theproblem my be solved by give conpensation for the damages

plants. The impact may not very significant.

b. Traffic

This activity will disturb the traffic activity espe-cially in down town (Kota Madya Bnjarmasin). But due to thisactivity is take short time the impact will be very s=al!1.

IV.2.2.3. Pasca Construction

IV.2.2.3.1. Electric Energy Transmission

a. Society Restness

Generally, the impact of transmission line to environr-ment in the pasca-construction is not so important princip-

ally. However, because the durarion of electricity power

IV - 7

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distribution takes along time, and people's perception on

magnetic area and electricity are quite low, therefore there

is a need to give an alectricity extension, especially in

the crowded area to slow down society restness.

technically, electricity power distreibution using SUTT

150 KV transmission from PLTU Mine Mouth to Cempaka Substa-

tion until Trisakti Substation will give some impacts as

follow :

1). There will be a corona symptomp along the SUTT 150 KV

transmission line, and it will cause

- Radio Interference or RI

- Television Interference or TVI

- Audible Noise or AN

2). Electrostatic Induction along the transmission line.

Below, there is an illustration about Corona Effect

that needs to bear in mind

Corona Effect

When SUTT 150 XV transmission line is working, then in

that line will be appear a corona effect because of ioniza-

tion on the air. Corona looks like a violet light around the

wire with a hissing voice and its smell is like an ozon.

Corona can make some effects as below:

(1.1) Radio Interference (RI)

RI will affect areas along transmission line, mainly to

radio AM receiver. Based on transmission configuration, then

the result of RI calculation to SUTT 150 KV transmission

that will be built is shown in the table below:

IV - 8

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i I; I

! I., S

TaSble rv.2.RI at the m1ddle of:suTT lS0 Kv TranxmLmson Llno

Distance of. RI (db) IRadioIIAntenna I -

: I from ; I I

tranumission Good Wheather f Bad Wheather (Raln)

line I I I

5 50.9623 I 67.9623 -

i I 10 41.331 58.331

s15 3S.6972 52.6972

I~ ~~ I _

|-. RIthreshold in 20 metres from transmission line:

- European Countries in.average 46 db

- USA, and Canada in average 54 db

; rTherefore, in the bad wheather where the receiver

-antenna:with distance 5 to10 metres from transmission line,

it williget a trouble, mainly AM receiver radio.* I . I

(1.2.) Television Interference (TVI)

* ; IAlong SUTT 150 KV transmission line, TV*I can be calcu-

lated.and presented in the table below:

Table IV.3. TVI At the Middle of SUTT 150 KV Transmission

Line I _

I ~~~~~~~~~.IDistanel 11* Dstnce| |RI (db)

* x i~ ~~ lsv1;

;!-' 'O TV

i IIV 9

* I; S

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Antonna Good Wh-ather ' Bad Wheather (Rain) IIfrom I I

|Trans. If-30 MHZI f-300!MiZ I fn3O MHZ I fa300 MHZ

llins(m) I I I I l

I I I I . I II | 5 3 34.45 1 14.45 51.45 31.45

10 27.67 0.06 44.67 17.06

15; 12.35 7.65 I 29.35 I 9.35

TVI threshold in 20 metres distance from transmission

line is the same as RI in point one above. therefore the

television receiver radio under SUTT' 150 XV transmission

line with 16 metres clearance will have no trouble both in a

good wheather and in a bad wheather.

(1.3). Audible Noise (AN)!

AN in the transmission line is happened due to the

spreading of corona, and it can be calculated and presented

in the table below:

Table IV.4. Audible Noise at the Middle of SUTT 150 KV

Transmission Line

iDistance frum I AN (db) l

|Transmission IILine (m) Good Wheather Bad Wheather (Rain)

I At Noon | At Night

5 l 40.97 1 50.97

10 1 38.81 48.81

15 1 34.27

IV, - 1

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Based on Perry Criteria from Bonneville Power admihis-tration (BPA) that AN threshold is less than 52.5 db. There-fore, AN in the SUTT 150 KV transmission line with 16 metreclearance will have no impact at all.

(2). Electrosta;tic Induction Effect

Electrostatic Induction Effect of high voltage trans-mission line is caused by its high voltage and its electro-magnetic power inside the line. Electrostatic induction canbe calculated and presented in table below:

Table IV.5. Electrostatic Induction Effects

| Distance from Electrostatic Induction

| Transmission J (Kv/metre) I|Line (m)

I 5 5.28

10 I 2.64

t 15 1.76

American's BPA decisioned its threshold as follow:

a.Human 9 KY/m

b.Animals 30 KV/n

c.Plants 20 Xv/m

Therefore, electrostatic induction under SUTT 150 KV

IV - 11

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transmission line with minimum clearance 16 metre will stillbe safed for human life.

However, its social impact to human is quite great,because generally people do not want cultivate their landwhich lay right under transmission line. If the transmissionline is quite low, then the impact will ba quito important.

People who live right under transmission line will feelunhappy, because they think that may be they can get somedangerous because of that transmission line, eventhoughaccording to the table above there,will be no impact at all.Therefore, society restness is very important, mainly in thecrowded population, for example in the Banjarmasin CityCentre. Because the number of housings that passed by trans-mission line are small relatively compare to the wholepopulation, therefore the impact is important enough.

b. Income

This transmission of the electric energy will increasethe energy in subdistrict VI and will be used widely by alot of people. This effect will be act for a long timcduring the operation time of the Power Station (around 30years), so that the impact is important.

IV. 2.3. The Impact Handling

a. Social unrest

Social unrest due to the activities oi iuld ci urvvy,land acquittal, and the electricity transmitting can rzdecrease by giving intensive and efficient information tothe people living in the project area.

It will be better if the information is given a- early

as possible, by formaly inviting the people to come to tzavillage meeting hall to listen to given inforaratior, ot by

informally visiting them in their houses, especialzly Inthe transmission route.

Heeded to be explained during the inforration that trne

1'I - 1

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land to be acquitted is only the land where the towers are

located. This is based on the Regulation of the Minister of

Mining and Energy No. 1 P/47/MPE/1922. It is also oxpoctodthat the compensation is big enough to buy land or build-

ings in other place similar the ones their owned (based on

the Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affair No. 15, in

the year of 1975).

The society need to be informed that the high voltage

transmission line will not disturb lifes under or around

it. They need to understand that their lives will still be

safe.

b. Worker problem

It is suggested that the the project will employed

local people to do its activities, especially for unskilled

labor.

c. Traffic jam

Traffic jam will likely to occur because the project

activities (i.e. equipment and material -mobility, tower

erection, and stringing). Previous traffic arrangements is

needed to avoid this situation.

IV - 13

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

The study have shown that the projebt will not cause

any important (serous) impact into the environment. The

recomendation, there fore, is a study of environment impact

assessment is not necessarity to be done.

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

The study liave shown that the project will not cause

any important (serous) impact into the environment. The

recomendation, there fore, is a study of environment impact

assessment is not necessarity to be done.

v- 1

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REFFERENCES

01. Anonim, 1990. Data statistik kehutanan Propinsi Kaliman-tan.

02. Anonim, 1992. Laporan akhir Studi Analisis Dampak Ling-kungan Rencana Pembangunan PLTU Banjarmasin.

03. APHA, 1975. Standart methods fer the examination ofwater and waste water, Fourth Edition, APHA, IWWA,Washington . D.C.

04. Arutmin Indonesia, PT., 1991. West Asam Asam Drillingand Resource. Volume 1

05. Arsyad. A., 1979. Konservasi tanah, Jurusan Tanah, Fa-kultas Pertanian. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

06. Berkati, J.F., 1990. Analisis Assosiasi dan DistribusiVegetasi tingkat Permudaan pada Hutan Primer di PT. l1utan Kintap, Pleihari, Kalimantan Selatan. Thesis Si p.da Fakultas Xenutanan Universitas Lambung Mangkura,Banjarbaru

07. Cok, George, W., 1972. Laboratory Manual of Coneral Ecology, WHC, Brown Company Publishing, Dabuque. Iowa.

08. Davis, K.P., 19a9.'Forest Fire : Contra and U-c. Mc Cr.wHill, New York.

09. FSA de Clergo and Grefhoff, 1972. iIiew Plankur.aiy sback voor Fled.rlandsch Indie, J.H. de Bu:say,Amsterdam.

10. Hardjowigeno, S., 1986. I1lu Tanah. Juru_in T-.nat', F.zltas Pertanian, Institut Pereanian Bogor.

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11. Propinsi Daerah Tingkat I Kalimantan Selatan 1990. Ka-limantan Selatan Dalam Angka

12. Xabupaten Daerah Tingkat II Tanah Laut, 1988 - 1990. Ta-nah Laut Dalam Angka.

13. Kabupaten Dasrah Tingkat II Banjar, 1988 - 1990. Oanj.rDalam Angka.

14. Kotamadya Daerah Tingkat II Banjarmasin, 1988 - 1990.Banjarmasin Dalamu Angka

15. Kotamadya Administratif Banjarbaru, 1988 - 1990. Lanjar-baru Dalam Angka

15. Keputusan Menteri Negara Kependudukan dan Lingkungan lii-dup Nomor Kep-02/MENKLH/I/1988 tentang Pedoman Bak.uMutu Lingkungan, Sekretariat Menteri Negara K L H Ja-karta.

16. Klein, L., 1959. River Pollution Chenical An;l1yw is.Butterworth, London.

17. Mc Neely, R.N., V.P. Neilmaris and L. Dawyer, 1979. Qua-lity source Boo):, A Guide to water Quality Paracmeer ,In Land Water Directorate, Water Quality Er.nchOttawa, Canada.

18. NTAC. Water Quaiity Criteria, Federal Water J'ol2utic.r.Control Administration, Washington, D.C.

19. Odim, E.P., 1975. Ecology : The Link between the II.Aturaland Social Scier.ce. Holt, Rinehart and winzton, t1ew Yori:

20. Peraturan Pemerirtah RI 11o. 29 tahun 1986 tentairo J1 J1L.Kantor Menteri l.egara Kependudukan dan Lingkun9an l irul,Jakarta. Tahun 1986.

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31. Warnee, P.O., 1976. Analisis of Air Pollutants. John-Wiley & Son. Now York, London, Sydey, Taronto.

32. UNESCO - WHO, l978. Water Quality Surveys. A Guide forthe collection and interpretation of water Quality Data,UNESCU WHO, United Kingdom.

33. WHO, 1984. Guidelines For Drinking Water Quality, vol. 1Recommendatiots, Geneva.

34. Whitmore, T.C., 1975. Tropical rain forest of the Far Cast.Clarendon Press, Oxford

35. Undang Undang Republik Indonesia No. 4 tahun 1982. TentangKetentuan - Ketentuan Pokok Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.Kantor Menteri Negara Pengawasan Pembangunan dan Lingkung-an Hidup. Jakarta. Tahun 1982.

36. Van Steenis, C.G.S.J. et al, 1987, Flora untuk sekolah diIndonesia, Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta.

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r-io IHlkit)SVIh3' ~Ik; IWJ I !14;IJ, %Ie~~ IW .. 'i

N-P

M. illtp.f11 31 I3rnVU*,__ __ .. 3..I... .. .

.1 it 0

lUl)lilt 3t111t lC17JS MIS rzl . f E {~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~u V)

"I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I.5.-.--'rwJ S! bnl tsS aSla aUV

'!"Wi N l M Ii uu tiONl l

foos ui, tsai,a*sLIFxoI 1- Jp - , t}i , .I_I

* IR7 SO I;'IalSI

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CEI;ENDS 81

r 1 s I i K K4 *13t'

^ f k v X {et sls W@1baundr~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~tclls~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~PT IIINr - Ct ,__ 11 .,a

~~~~~~~ 1 * U L ' U . . . - . -~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~i : I r a : r i , g 1 1

U.~~~~~~~~~~~~~e *0f: 1-11

;/ ?% "'- C SgN M.

- rl S W~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ su;s W.-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~hlWSJ~5 it aiIf.tfJ

._U511.STUDY 1:1'18:C ouOANIARIIASIIl - SOUTlI I.9 rIAITAII/.

_ . ~~~~~~~ECCI.DGIC SOUNOARY MAP_

I

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l b

LEGZ.uOS

~5 r ''5 *** . M -- . to~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~JP. X^9--N l - A

....... I.... ... . -.. .. -_ ..

I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ i% .*: IS. l ':V.Iz :latw, l 4r !sasLGElt,! 1 I *tul"^I E .

I I-.ace Ift3hr.'N

od..4f ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~g U~iPA~-SUH~lfUUA

- S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~PoETST

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TopView Vltw

* ..... ,.Sf ,...I

B S t i o n

Legend:

Cross sectlon of free space of The High Transmission

. 166/150 KV at the central gate (the tower is heightened).

2. c = minimum free distance __. .........

-Sr. ralIC als.

_ _ B Matteiti

ra smr STUDY M4INE MOUTIII-NJARMASIN - rn* KA INA

OOUBLE CIRCUIT TOWERn

; * n pratama yidya_.- I- ' I CAC"=2 Du 3

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.FOR SO 1 TYPE Aa TOWEIR

--…

DESIGN CONDITION

7-D x :VOLTAGE 150 kv:NUMBER OF CIRCUIT 2 cct

_ .:LOADING SPAN 350 mtr

:HORIZONTAL ANGLE 3 :

_\: C : KIND & SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqmm:

.P 0 . SECTION AREA 282.5 sqmm:x :~~~~0 N:

:W . E DIAMETER 21.9 mm:E U:

t\ P.f C WEIGHT 9B7 I:g/m:

0: I.AX.TENSION:-R-:------------------

t__\ v . : : 'lIND SIZE GSW 55 mm-

.. X a.oa i .:R W . SECTION AREA mm5 m':0!:…:U R : DIAMETER:N Ek: > zD :WEIGHT

- II' MAX.TENSION _

K ! I : STRING TYPE SUSPENSION .I1 L:N A DIMENSION 254 mm::9 T:U 0 : NUMBER II unit x 2 STRING

Iz1 £DVhTl* taTW- ias t.

praam uDuag x IidyaflItIMw YIlt-t .,Uj _wuIm

TYPE 11a TOkfII

.~~~~~~ff O ratama widyta. . a ,-rFM ,-_________________.__ -- i

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FOR C50 KYV TYPE Bb TOWlER

s t * DESIGN CONDITION

:VOLTAGE 150 lv: -- ------------------------------:NUMBER OF CIRCUIT 2 CCL ::LOADING SPAN 350 mtr

/ A C \ i~~HORIZONTAL ANGLE o°

_ . _ i i KIND &i SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqmm:: C ---------- --------:P 0 SECTION AREA * 282.5 sqmm:

. " c _ " ~~~~ON11--- --------------------------- ---- :W D i DIAMETER 21.9 mm:E U :-----…-------------------------1y C _ " : iR C : WEIGHT 1937 I:g/m :

T ---- - ------- …------

. f i MAX-TENSlON:_ t v _ b _ * _R_ _____------ - --------- ;-----

KIND SIZE GSU 55 mm' :G ---- - --------------:R ' i SECTION APEA 55 mm- :

.1/ :U R : DIA1ETER.1 1 i- :~~~1N E -- - ~- ------------ ~~~~~

:D : WEIGHT* ; I Y . : ~~~~~~~~~~~-- ----------------

I 1..f .X: .TENSIONSTRING TYPE SUSPEtlS IO ,

:IL ------- …------------

: P A DIMlEN4SION :54 maI \ / I ~:S T--- - ---- - - ------------------:

:U-O NUMBER 11 unit x :' STRINGI I } \ I : ~~~R ------- ----------------- :

L 9 I~~~~~~~~WIH.~~~~~~~~~~~~~- -s ----- -------

.&&g&g hI ZA;&. r.33 LO

"rr&: STUDY Ullm U,UTEII.JJAUALM. - .r,tri F'.UJWTA].

TYPE Bb TijiEl

a. -. j~ Mrn- Ipraltam ,idya .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ae

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FOR 150 KV TYPE Cc TOWER

_ -I~.' Sv# S

I-. S---------------------------------

- _7WI-. : * DESIGN CONDITION

:VOLTAGE 150 l:v. -------- … -- --------------------

:NUMBhR OF CIRCUIT 2 CCt:

_LOADING SPAN 350 mtr :

:HORIZONTAL ANGLE 0 :-i~ ~t & , S__ ______----------: KIND & SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqmm:

2 . w s * ~~~~C :----------------------------::P : SECTION APEA 282.5 sqm.:

I , \ / ' *O~~~: N * ----- ~--------------::W D i DIAMETER 21.9 mm::E U ----- --- --------------------,. . oJz .f R C iWREIGHT 987 kg/rn

. ,nt * T *------T----- ------------- ., dco 0b O MIAX.TENSION

- R-:-- …- -----------------: KIND SIZE GSW 55 mm :

./ t:*G :--- ----- …---------^-

:R W: SECTION AREA 55 m- :

:U R : DIAZETER:.N E : - fID : UEIGHT

'nAX.TENSION

I :b' I iSTRING TYPE SUSPENS11ON:1 L:N A : DIMENSION 2.s :

:U 0 :NUml3ER 11 unit x STRI IGR ----------------WEIGHT

'WJ V9alMtE-aa' * \

PUMuAaLi elgo UAhm.& bgzdA LA

=Sl sTJUDf lEg uOUTII HDBAIJAIWAS - SOuni mumsJrrAnI

SrEfJ-z_

T.YPE cc TIER

rrj prataina widlya¢ ... . E 5sr aS^=-'=^Sz

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FOR IZO KV TYPE Dd TOWER

: , : DESIGN CONDITION

aVOLTAGE 150 kv

. -". _ I t .NUMBER OF CIRCUIT 2 CC*.

.LOADING SPAN 350 mtr

:HORIZONTAL ANGLE 60 0°

KIND & SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqmm:

* | | i~~~~~P Oi SECTION AREA 292.5 sqmm::0 14 ------- …------:| .g DIAIMETER 21.9 mm:E U:------------------:R c . WEIGHT '87 1:9/rn

0 MAX.TENSION

I:KSND SIZE GSU 55 mm-:G6 ---- ---- --- ; - 4-::R. | SECTION AREA 5 mm-:0 I -: ------------ … ------

:U R DIAMETER:N E :-:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -:D W WEIGHT

. .| | . ' H4~~~~~MX.TENSION_…------~-- …----- -----

STRING TYPE SUSPEIJS I oTl

:U,U a NLU'BER I unit r 2 STFIX3:

-* * : WEIGHT

UA14*ALAZ - !OIflu XALWAMAI;

-joa~~~~~~~-TY_ Dd TIci

. O~~~~~~~~m- praLaii-na w<idiy;a

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TOWER SITE

Hlnimum vidth of the landto be acquisited

I41 Vldth - 256 m

T

STRAIGHT TOWER

4" ~~~~~~~~igdth =400 m2

.. .BENDED TOWER

ABMD : Concrete pole 1D x la cmT : Concrete pole 15 x 15 c.

PI P2 : Patok beton la x 10 em

I ~ ~ ~ a a u z w U M I o u a g i a tr- umwl wumcum n"

_~~J Pau= M= SIW4& n= DMlI I ANIC

SiTE STUDY UINE UOUTIIBAHJARMASItN - SOUTH ICJUANTAN

TDOIER SITE

Gnf pralama widya

_ _ ,. I - - .

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_____,______ Thumb nfII

,___._.___ , . Carved letter

. __ v * 4 7X;Brlght red pmlnt.

N-------- .XWood ulln

Crushed concrete cover

.0' 1_1'CONICRETE rOLE

I | 1 IAT SVAHP SITES

POINT POLEM OF TOWJ3R T/L 150 KVAT P.G_ PErLAIHARI SUGAR CANE:

PLANTwAwXOr' 5ITE:

VrNUW&&Mu UNMUI USYI ucdu&M

Pr.TAlI ~ ~~~nw owus xw nTFo ml!

SrrE STUDY MINE UOUThIOAWARMASINo - SOUTh KAUMANTAN

SEIII-2 -

TUOER SITE FOR T/L 150KV

ratama widya. ~~~ ~ I _ -I_F11,

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Top Vliw -,

___~~~~~~~~ __ - * 1 '

f~~- E, - - I/

A A Sectlon

IW,

Legend :Cross section of free space of Hlgh Voltage 66/150 KV:the tover.

2 C : Inlamum free distance.r usuz POANW. aiJ PJ JIM*WI UIMd LOM IK CAUa4 momb am isum& n ug wSIUHSAN

SITfE STUDY LONE )lOUTII*BAJARMASIN - SOLMI XAUlANTAN

FREE DISTANCE

ff pratama widya

_ - 1 In 11.Uj .

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6 ,Tp View - -

''~~~~~~~~. veB -B section'

60~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-1 ~~~~~* I

.,__* * - I-. . -.

n7nB Cross sectlon of free space of The High Transmission-.-166/150 KV at the central gate (the tower Is heightened)-

2. C - mlnimum free distance |wauonrw-"-ro WA .U A

. -- sm STUDY MINE UOUIIl

*yq % I~ ~ ~~~~--Fi 1_

.- ONAII< --1b b

. OOUBW CI 6A T

.... :- . rhm iy

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FOR 150 KV TYPE Aa TOWER IDESIGN CONDITION

* 4- ^ '7.°° d "Md"TAGE lEO kv:

.NUMBBER OF CIRCUIT cst.

:LOADING SPAN 330 mtr :

:HORIZONTAL ANGLE 30:

KIND & SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqm.\} I * C - ~____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ q.:C:io - - t25 I :lP 0 ; SECTION AREA 282.5 sqmm:

:0 N:J D: DIAZIETER 21.9 mm_E U I -:R C WEIGHT 987 1:9Im:

T; MAX.TENSION

- R-:' KIND SIZE S5mm:

acoo R :SECTION AREA 55 mm:* :0 1 :oo J-t_:U RE DIAMETER:N E ::D : WEIGHT

I U i :MAX.T YENION:1 / \ ~~~~~~~~~* -0 _ : K + . : STRING TYPE SUSPENSION .

S1 ~~~1 L __*1 - } ' - ;:N A: DIMENSION 254 _si

:S T -:U 0: NUMBER 11 unit x 2 STRING: RI ^ : : lJEIGHT

S.~~~~~~~~~rmonmuwdumSKA

'j'~ $ITK SrUDY Wl' -uou-nOAEUASW&AlU - X,IJTII KAUVAIrrMI

bJ t R I~~~~~~~~~~~~MC-

FrzZ4t.NfsBx~~~~~TPC An Ior

ist*>77w ~ ~ patmawiyw~~~~~~~.

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FOR 150 KV TYPE Bb TOWER

'Iw7

L 2 E SV > N g>ESGN CONDIT ION _

:VOLTAGE 150 Lv

:NUMBER OF CIRCUIT 2 cCt *

:LOADING SPAN 350 mtr :

:HORJZONTAL ANGLE 20 0:

_ _:.__. KIND a SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqa.:C : -- -- *i

:P O * SECTION APEA 282.5 sqarn::0 N ----- …-- …,_ D * DIAMIETER 21.9 -m

E T-- ----------…0 MAX.TENSION

_ _ .. .KIND SIZE GSUS5 :

K |<A7d -3 :R W SECTION AREA 5 -| .1 > .N:U R . DIAMETER

- a ~~~~~~~~~~~~N E::D W UEIGHTi\/ __ MAX. TENSION

STPING TYPE SIJSPIENSO.I1 L ----------- … - …-----

: YA * DIIIENSrO 54 a:S T --- ----

.U O NUMBER It unit x 2 STRING

_v >;s.^sO* ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - --------s-

arm STUDY UINE MOUTh.m'jl ASDI - SOUThI AIMITAJ4

SEMI-2

TYPE Ob TiWEll

_i _ praata -- iyiya1 !

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..'1

FOR 150 KV TYPE Cc TOWER.

v~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ _

. _ M ---------------- ~~~-----_ -_ ------

DESIGN CONDITION

:VOLTAGE 150 I:v

: X *NUMBRER OF ;IRCUIT = 2 cd :

- _ - .:LOADING SPAN 350 mtr :* : f Nfi.,7y :HORIZONTAL ANGLE =O°:

: . IC* KIND & SIZE ACSR 240/40 sqm:C ------- _ ------ ---

:P a SECTION AR-EA 282. 5 sqmm:

rv: A s 2 iU D: DIAMETER 21.9 am.0, _ E U * -_

:RCI WrI.GRTC .87 kg/r_

to-- 0 i O AX.TENSION

/*- R---KIND SIZE GS5ma~* -- - -- _____,…

:R U : SECTION AREA _5 '_

1* - i:UR DIAllETER'H E. --:D WEIGHT

I.AX.TENSION* : X 1 G STRING TYPE SUSPENSION,

:N A DIJMENSION 24 as

:UO a ER. 1 1 unit x 2 STPRtiG

~~~~~ R --------

nnin m~ix = mugla uount~~a

DAMJRU AUI' - SOL1t YAUMAGWIswa-z

TYPE Cc TOEIR

r.r pratair.- wri4Y . . 1pr a 1dya .

IL ~ F?ii~

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tj

;ETAlN6eXLCEKO

-. ~~~~~h EIJ~~~~~~r~~~151, wp-

-~~ ' I * * ~~~~l I I r -

., * .1 * i i ~P R, rJb .C T

Nr_:

191WUU'WUirAL --

Ik~

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* FOR 1S0 KV TYPE Dd TOWER

: > ,s,. ! * DESIGN CONDITION

:VOLTAGE IS0 I:v

.. ; N". " NUMBER OF CIRCUIT 2 CCL .

:LOADING SPAN 330 mtr :

\HORIZONTAL ANGLE 60 0:

-rn :__ , i .KIND & SIZE ACSR 24O040 sqmm:

:P 0 . SECTION AREA 282.5 sqmm:

:W D * DIAMETER 21.9 mm:E U -…------- - ----- --:R C : WEIGHT 987 1:9g/m

I I : ~~ ~~T :----------------------------:I I 0 : MAX.TENSIONPR-: …- -…-------------

KIND SIZE GSW 55 mm--: ---- --------- ;

:RW |. SECTION AREA 5 me-

:U R . DIAMETER

- ; * ; * *I * *D : WEIGHT:* I - --_____-- _------------

.IAX.TENSIONS …~~~--------- - ------------ …

STRING TYPE SUSPEIJS I0U :

:N A * DIMENSION 23 c_ .:ST -:ua0 : hUmIBEP II un it v: STRIN"* -. - -------------------

* -- ;:WEIGHT --

&bo am i.:.i JA4C1. foo.A

S]Tt; 5ruuY sIzLm lutuniUAIU.i'H - 'lSlOUTH KaUli"MalAi

TYPE Dd 7tLJi

___ _ra_L_r_ _ wi(ty;t.. !X W , _ . l~~~~R

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TOMR SITE

;' inLmum width of the landto be acquislted

'V

.STRAIGHT TOW

Vldth * 00

A

.TENDED TOWIER

ABCD : Concrete pole 10 x 10ocT : Concrete pole 1S x Is

PI A P2 : Patok beton 10 x 10 t_,

MM_ UDVK SO Ut MMamMur

Poe SrrISE MDY MINE WOUT1aAJ^.RWWR - SOIJIN VtAUlUANTAN

. SERt-Z

.E D TERT SUE

: cpraLampa widya_ _ .- IAS3M - SH I A -

_ . .. _ . .. . .. .~~~~~~~TOER IT

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________i_- Thumb nail

,___________ . Carved letter

. jJLIT -4 D Bright red paint

... s.-Wood ulin

_____ C L-Crushed concrete cover

4 a>

0 f I z CONCRETE POLEAT SwAHP SITES

POINT POLE OF TOWER T/L 150 KV

AT P .. PE:LAIHARX SUGAR CANE

PL ANTAT1 IO 1 S I T

rumI3IM usm USYNI SnudA

snm STUDY MINE MOUT0B&IjARUASIN - SOUTIf IAUUANTAN

SEI5I-2

TUWE SITE FOR T/L 10KU

prata~ma widya.. @ | II 111 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~11 -7 _j_~~~~~ _ --*

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Top Vluw

.__. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~I *._i__ .______.-- * - ._._ i____

A Setlh

aS~~ -t a - * *- - - * - * * * *. * -

Legend : 31 ~~Cross sectlon of freespcofllhVtae6lS V

2 C M HlmumD free dlstance.Ionum n"S PZ am

SITES SruDY LUNE MOUTI. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SERI-Z|

FREE DISTANCE

.. ... .5~m pratama w idya_I ., . be

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Top Velrw

. , .~~~~J

L4 a

Al l- f

~~~~cosaes wihalt of trees

*~~~~~~~~S I ~ eS=a -~~~~'; ! =--0' - <

1.^fi :615KVathcerl *at (th toe In hciq2

2. C miniu free dLstance.

fo. sm: STUDYf Y!:l' Ur,JTIIII*UJ.%?.AM.t - =01i rA:'A1A74S;

. "- ~~~~~~~~~FiME bl'TIS __E

anPraW-ma widya;... . C.

_ .4~ I 0.;l~ i.*,

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Top VImew

01 Gass statiOn

Subsurface tank

J l 'lnlmum dlstance 20 m

Mlinimum distance * 50 m

Front viewProjections of the

outer most conductor

to the ground surface

Fuel loading site

4,- - > |t Underground

gass tank

tSlnil distance - 20 . _ |AMuwaCMI WMM

SIT SIUDY MINE UOUTIIDANJARIASIN - SOUTi KUMA?TAN

SER-2

MINIJlM DISTM

... @ pratama widya

_I . --.- 'i11~~. -

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U.EMJA 113 IV

I.hUA 3-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~iAvIW

1.0 UA 0 IV

5 .n"AuIfaft

. .MUXU)2S~V a .WA

I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TiW alw; fl@> LVUAII1 l &V*

A" 1101 %.S,V WI..

.IIJAFE1U III IV ~ *a.&Jleu41nIIuv,aC -

tum~~m

i).. .Smt.M

nz ~~~* sar.i * WI,..... D5 IDA 't||Wt 5 s u

_ _ _ . ] w .~~~~~~~~~~MT S1Y SUllr gIE UOUTHNAJAR1AUN - SOUfH( KALAUT?ANIto Ily ~~~~~~~~~~SERZ-Z-^v _I@IV

' : ELECTRICITY SYSTEM INBIA II,.

.- ISOUTH KALIHANTAN- .<S>"lSl R .~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~", ..U rPratamaL nrdya

I , a_ , _ _ IGb. I

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PCURS 3.1 : ROSETTE DIAGRAM AT THE LOCATION OF THE3BANJA HAS IN POWER PLANT

Center of wind direction circle

| DAXMuImI rWAZUAlCUI SU niMu&c|VCUaSAIIAII IUmm Liagi gausIwlZ NuMiK saIw" VrK I"" rlmStiAN

wSITE STUDY MINE MOUTII.A.JARMAStN - SOurTl KALIANTAH

SERI-Z

.IN.Z DROSE DOAGRAi

. m pratama widya

,II r 1 311

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I L%aB- 11 m atonC Silt, Ian indg

:ll 41111! SedLmen Rock

EZJ Hetmiborphic Abcki

River

* Lake

$AA

............. 9 9,9rANjM -ml ICaLotMuAICAL2 PAPL::::A:UA: :U:U4 U1INI 11._AIISebutu th~~~~~~~~~~~lO7n04.K 5ox ARAKA fblsg PA I'DBUIIA"I

' ' ,I SITE S'UDY 't,C ., .'ANUANiMUASIH -SOUTII IALIILAHVAH1

ALLAUT ~~~~~~~~GEOLOGICAL MAP

-- II' _ >:uir.aa _hilla Ia:*1131 l..IaAI~M *I&aII Gb 3 3

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SANA K~~~~~~~~PEANDv EIERANGAN

6 I~~~~~~~~~~~~3 Li PIosol

S.pua

K3;_'^ --

9.

Pods d

W~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -' .s 9I3I4Ih

I)AX k~~~~~~~S Ill..tIUWAI JM W41R HGA

I.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I

.. ..... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~V&SISITS STUDY MINE M~OUTHl.. ' *.- D~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ANJMRMASIN~ -SOVru XcWIa~ANTA

StiL S31L MAP

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|Fl A i

. WI S -Ss b . S 4 S

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OANG3U INoUKIiK;M4copabCEMPANA : 4 &±rMb

aA . ±

* a'

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .'

aa a. | 44PE HA

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* ~~PETA PE,NGGUNiAAN f>ANAH .;0gi

S-r-,IANJANG JALUR TRANSIM15 SsJ w

§ K~~~~~~~ElEnAIGANCA

m

1qc a

a. *

I~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~I

lbu kuela Xecmoj toa -Fu"o

i Kmpt xe ,F,lo

W~~~~~~~~~~~~~OG I H uln

'Auion~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Alrq..clthnq @,*JO OoNr

. [ K~~~~~~~~~eoun lebu *tn 4Ytt a t

.E.. .ENGGUMAAN .A H .. l s .

pr. atam iamiiy-

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N-~---tPACT IDIUTIVFcAtiON FLOW DIAGRAM - --------N----------- --------------- APPENDIX I

CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH ENERGY TR1SitiIS5ZON ISO KUGI RSRM-RSRH - 01 TRISAXTI

lPiE CETmW T1S3i| COHSTRuCrT N V|CST CONSTRUCTION

L" Ic llifI I acqtjisitienb Mion obFlEatien r r I o g I.1 Ical energyand oterial|ls

on- an ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Vanishing9C PSg XI aLE;a

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Appaoadix :2.

Haatrix of pr*dicti.sa and uvalu&tion of ufnvirLoa1uaatal ial.p.acta.

_ct;itlia i'r. Couaucruciioi tuMae. CoiIponQaii Cont. . cou

Env.lralnaianl . ____ _-.... _Compon&nt)n L 2 1 4 :. a U

Z. Caa-PIIY Late

X. Land Uas -12. RLoad s|2. Land cav.Qr-L i

XI. Riot&

2. raunA -

ZUt . Soc io-tconcini.cs

.1. Job opportunity +12. Education3. Incorna +Li4. Traffic -I -S. social unrest -2 t2 -2 _6. social parcsption -2

Nate:1. survey2. Project infornation3. Land acquittd4. Labour recruitmwntS. EquipamOnta and aaateriala mobilization6. Towvr conatruction7. StringingD. Electricity distribution

+ - pooitive impact- nagativo impact

I - Ladi Important2 S sufficiently IoZiportacic3 - Imporcant4 a tior importantS - very Importanc

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