Individual Technique and Tactics · 2018-08-10 · INDIVIDUAL TECHNIQUE AND TACTICS International...

►

INDIVIDUAL TECHNIQUE AND TACTICS International Floorball Federation

Table of contents

Introduction.............................................................................................................5

The levels...........................................................................................................5

The practice............................................................................................................6

Planning .............................................................................................................6

Running the session...........................................................................................7

Giving feedback .................................................................................................7

Motivational points .............................................................................................7

Equipment ..........................................................................................................8

Shoes.............................................................................................................8

Stick ...............................................................................................................8

Eye wear ........................................................................................................9

Terms and ¿gures used ..........................................................................................10

Tactical terms used.................................................................................................11

Individual technique................................................................................................12

Passing and receiving ........................................................................................12

Level 1. .........................................................................................................12

Level 2. ..........................................................................................................16

Level 3. ..........................................................................................................20

Shooting .............................................................................................................25

Level 1. ..........................................................................................................25

Level 2. ..........................................................................................................30

Level 3. ..........................................................................................................33

Dribbling .............................................................................................................36

Level 1. ..........................................................................................................36

Level 2. ..........................................................................................................39

Level 3. ..........................................................................................................42

Individual tactics .....................................................................................................44

Game situation roles ..........................................................................................44

Level 1. ..........................................................................................................46

Level 2. ..........................................................................................................49

Level 3. ..........................................................................................................52

◄


►


The levels

e rst part of the material consists of individual techni-ques and tactics. Each topic is divided into levels 1, 2 and 3, according to the progression of the skill development.

1st level -> basic individual technique drills, simple exerci-ses, emphasis on correct performance.

2nd level -> techniques transferred to game like situations, more complex exercises, e.g. 1 on 1, 2 on 1, emphasis on performing the right technique correctly during an indivi-dual tactic action.

3rd level -> techniques transferred to game plays, emphasis on performing the right individual tactic action according to other players. e individual technique should be auto-matic so that the player does not have to think about it and that it will not hinder the performance.

e levels are only to be used as an indicator, and it is the coaches decision when to move on to the next level, ac-cording to the development of the players. e coach can decide whether to go through each topic level by level du-ring one practice (with more developed players) or during one whole season (beginners). With beginners it should be noted that the progression of each player is individual de-pending on ones learning process, and that moving on to more complicated topics, such as team tactics requires that all players excel the necessary skills at least in descent le-vel. Once the basic technique is performed well, it should

still be practiced every now and then to maintain and re-enforce the skill. erefore it is advised to return to level 1, even though the team has already moved on to level 2 or 3. The drills can also be modified for the players depen-ding on the level of the skill, number of players, and exis-ting environment and facilities. Key points are for the co-ach to consider and correct while observing execution.

e material is collected from the education material of the International Floorball Federation and its member asso-ciations. Bibliography is found at the end of this material.

I would also like to thank all the people that have helped me in the progress, especially Grant Mead (Australia), Jürg Kihm (Switzerland), Jussi Jäntti (Finland), Mika Ahonen (Finland), Kati Suomela (Finland), Petri Kettunen (Fin-land), Jukka Tiikkaja (Finland) and Petri Lindberg (Finland).

ey have willingly shared their expertise in Floorball and coaching and their contribution made this manual possible.

In Helsinki, the 16th of August 2007 Anniina Paavilainen, the author.

Int roduct ion

◄


Planning

While planning the practices the objectives should be closely considered. Player’s physical capacity as well as the tactical progression should be thought, both during one practice session and the whole season. e best way to consider the development of the players is to make a sketch of training program consisting both physical and tactical aspects. is sketch can then be modi ed as the season goes on.

The season can be divided basically in quarters; off-sea-son, pre-season, mid-season and post-season. For example during the o -season, the emphasis should be on physical training while also technical skills could be improved. In the beginning of the season the team tactical factors should be emphasised and they should be re-enforced during the rest of the season. Individual tactics, consisting of the skills demanded in the chosen team tactics, should be included in each practice during the season. e team tactical issu-es should be prioritized in the end of the season, where the cooperation of the units should be seamless. Di erent phases could contain for example following division of emphasis.

is can and should be determined and altered by the coach.

Emphasis Off-season

Pre-season

Mid-season 1

Mid-season 2

Post-season

May-July Aug-Sep Oct-Dec Jan-March April

Physical 40 20 30 20 60

Technical 30 20 10 10 20

Ind Tactics 20 20 20 20 10

TeamTactics

10 40 40 50 10

Total % 100 100 100 100 100

ese phases can be divided further to even shorter phases, such as months and weeks. According to the players’ development it is therefore easier to plan the practices in shorter periods. Also games and tournaments can be adjusted to the practice plan. By weekly planning, the amount of hours spent on dif-ferent skills, is followed. is can also be used after the season to evaluate the progression and to help to plan the next season.

Emphasis Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Totalmin.

Warm-up 30 0 30 30 0 0 0 90

Technical 10 0 10 5 0 0 0 25

Physical 15 0 0 5 0 60 0 80

IndTactics 15 0 20 20 0 0 0 55

Teamtactics 20 0 30 15 0 0 0 65

Spec. Sit. 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 10

5vs5 15 0 25 15 0 0 0 55

Cool-down 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 15

Total min. 120 0 120 95 0 60 0 395

The pract ice

Always plan the individual practice session before-hand. An organised coach is the most effective coa-ch. Planning the practice beforehand, writing the con-tent including a time plan on a paper and perhaps going through the exercises with the team before the practi-ce, saves time and makes the practice more efficient. Techniques should be trained in the beginning of a practice session because the learning is the most e ecti-ve when the players have rested. Technique training can be included in the warm-up of players and the goalkee-pers; it can be executed either standing still or included

►


in game like drills. Individual tactical skills can be com-bined with physical training as two against two using the whole eld. Before the game session, the main points of the team tactics should be discussed and pointed out to refresh the players’ memories. It is up to the coach how to divi-de the practice nevertheless these guide lines are preferable: (example of a two hours practice session including 30 mi-nutes warm up and one and a half hours indoor practice)

What How Where Time(min)

Warm-up Jogging Outside 0-30

Coordination runs

Ind technique Passing inpairs Rink 31-40

Ind technique Shooting Rink 41-55

Ind tactics 1-1, 2-2 Rink 56-70

Teamtactics 5against 0 Rink 71-85

Game 5against 5 Rink 86-110

Cool down Light jogging Rink/ 111-120

Stretching outside

Tot. 120

Running the session

Make sure that the players are on time. Punctuality and organisation will transfer to the game. Any warm-up can also be done outside (depending on the weather and fa-cilities) to make the practice time as e cient as possible.

See that all the players are present and paying attention before starting the instructions. When giving further instructions, gat-her the players together to gain everybody’s full attention. e best way to explain a drill is to demonstrate. It is appreciated if the coach can show it him/herself, but also players can be used.

During a practice the players should be provided with regular breaks to catch their breath and re-hydrate. During the breaks it is good to go through the main points of the drills and this way to make sure that the players have under-stood the objective.

ese breaks will also help the recovery for the next training session, which depending again on the level, might even be the next day.

Equipment that should be provided in the practices:conesvests/bibsballswhistletactic board and pena timer

e coach should always be prepared to change the plan according to unpredicted circumstances, such as:

less players than expectedfacilities not in usecrucial equipment missing (balls, sticks etc.)

••••••

•••

e better prepared the coach is, the more trust he/she gains from the players.

Giving feedback

While giving any kind of feedback concerning the whole team, the execution should be stopped, and the players gat-hered in one place. When giving individual feedback it is good to include the negative or corrective comments in the middle of positive feedback, such as “Your pass is good but try to have a bit softer hands in receiving. e accuracy of the pass is excellent!”

Players are usually motivated by positive feedback. ey should be praised after a good performance, although some players are motivated by corrective or even negative feedback. is usual-ly concerns players who are high achievers and are well aware of their level and potential, they know when they are perfor-ming badly, and expect the coach to correct them to improve.

Mot ivat ional points

e more variety there is in the practices, the more motiva-ted the players become. Players look forward to come to the practices if they don’t quite know what to expect but if they know that they can trust the coach to have a rational plan.In the beginning it is reasonable to have exercises that have lot of repetitions to make the performance systema-tic. The amount of repetitions should be as high as pos-sible. It plays a big role in the beginning stages of the players learning process. T here aft er all sort s of variab-les should be added to maintain player’s interest level. Also unpleasant, but essential exercises become motivating if the players know the objective. e more game like the exercise is, the easier it is to rationalize it to the players.

◄


Here are some tools to keep up the motivation of the players. ese tools are a part of Decision Making Training which

is created to improve long term performance of the ath-lete and to improve the overall sport training experien-ce. In order to achieve the speci c decision making skills, the mental workload of the athletes is increased gradually.

Equipment

e coach should always see through that the players are wearing the right equipment. Safety should always become

rst, especially with children. Rules and right kind of at-titude towards sports, and life itself, should be introdu-ced to the players already from the beginning. is might as well be started with a safety code inside the team. Sa-fety code also includes learning the rules of the game.

Shoes

e shoes should be made for indoor use only. If the player does not have the right kind of shoes, it is still better to have some shoes. Without shoes it is hard to make turns and quick stops. e players might also get injured because of acciden-tal hitting on feet. If outdoor shoes are used, be sure that the players wipe their shoes before stepping in to the rink.

St ick

e stick length is an important factor. e stick should reach player’s bellybutton. e right stick length helps the player when shooting and protecting the ball. It also makes the posture more game like when the player has to bend knees to keep the centre of gravity low. With more experienced players the longer stick might increase the reach with the stick and make the ball protection with the stick more advanced. Also the curve of the blade should be accordance to rules.

e highest point of the blade, when placed on a at surfa-

►


ce, shouldn’t exceed 3 centimetres. Most of the sticks have some incline when purchased but an extra curve might be added with the help of a heating gun, boiling water or a sto-ve. One has to pay close attention to the safety issues when

xing a blade and this should be only done under surveil-lance of an adult. e angle of the incline and the curve is one’s individual preference. A straight blade is good for pas-sing but not as good for protecting the ball. Some curve in the head of the blade gives more security to the ball control and some incline in the bottom of the blade provides a good angle when shooting. A high incline also means high shots.

Eye wear

Nowadays the use of protective eye wear is recommended especially in the junior level as facial injuries are common in Floorball. Accidental high sticking or balls hitting the eyes are easily prevented with the use of protective glasses. ey are not yet compulsory but should be recommended by the coach.

10◄


Terms and Àgures used

Moving without ball

Passing

Moving with ball

Shooting

Offensive player witha ball

Offensive playerWithout a ball

Opponent withouta ball

Cone

►11


Tact ical terms used

12◄


Individual technique

Passing and receiving

Level 1.e most important thing to emphasise for the beginners in

passing is that the objective of each pass is for the receiver to gain instant possession of the ball. erefore each pass should be accurate and the hardness should be suited to the situation.Technically the important things in passing and receiving are the posture and the grip.

e posture should be game like (picture 1):legs shoulder width apart with one foot slightly forward centre of gravity low with bent knees and straight backhead up blade on the oor

•

•

••

Picture 1

A steady two handed grip:upper hand covering the whole upper end, the lower hand at least 20 cm from the upper hand (picture 2)

e posture and grip change slightly according to di erent techniques but one thing that remains is the cushion and softness when handling the ball. e distance between players is an important factor while de ning the speed and hardness of the pass. All other objects, such as the opponent, sticks and boards should also be noticed while determining the right passing technique.

•

picture 2

►1


Passing positionside-on position feet alongside each other slightly apart with knees benthead upball close to the blade (picture 3)

••

••

picture 3

Pass Grip Execution WhenForehandpass-with followthrough

Steady twohandedgripwith the lowerhandclose to thelower edgeof thegrip

The pass starts with the ball behind the body.The blade is drawn from behind towardsthe target with increasing speed. The ball isreleased from the blade before it has passedthe front foot. The blade should always point inthe direction of the pass afterwards. The bladeshould be pressed on the Àoor to avoid bounc-es. A very forceful pass with enough rotation inthe upper body, and with right amount of dragfrom behind the body, the more accurate thepass is.

Used for example after faking ashot or after the player has drib-bled the ball using body protec-tion.

Forehandpass-short

Same as previ-ous

The touch of the ball is very short. The ball isreleased from the blade without follow throughon the level of the front foot. If the ball is hit toomuch in front, or the angle of the blade is toobig, the ball will go up in the air.

The pass is fast and accurate,and can be executed from almostany position and in small andtight situations.

Backhandpass-long

The grip istwo handed,but hands arecloser togetherthan in forehandpass.

When receiving a pass with a backhand, cush-ion as in forehand pass. Also passing with along back drive with the blade touching the ballall the time. Rotation in the upper body shouldbe followed through.

Backhand pass is used whenpassing from forehand side isobstructed by the opponent.

Backhandpass-short

Same as previ-ous, but alsoone handed grippossible.

The blade shouldn’t touch the Àoor but only theball. The speed of the blade is controlled by ashort backswing.

Very good to utilise in fakes whilepassing to yourself.

Aerial The grip as inprevious tech-niques.

All the previous passes can be executed in theair. In aerial passes the touch with the ball iscrucial and the height of the pass is determinedby the angle of the blade.The ball is passed slightly in front of the frontfoot. The speed of the hit is determined by thebackswing. The blade slides along the surfacein a straight line towards the ball. The blade isangled back the moment it strikes the ball.

An aerial pass with follow-throughis appropriate when a playerneeds to clear the pressure fromthe defensive zone or morecontrolled pass when the oppo-nent has covered the space witha stick and the pass needs to belifted up in the air, for example 2versus 1 situations.

One handpass-backhand-forehand

Grip with onlyupper handused.

A short backswing used before hitting the ballwith either back- or forehand side dependingon the situation. The blade should not be liftedhigher than knee level.

Hitting/directing a loose ball intothe right direction or out of op-ponent’s reach or after dribblingwith one hand used. Gives a bet-ter reach to the player and savestime when the player does nothave time to take control of theball. Used by more experiencedplayers.

1 ◄


Receiving a pass

cushion is the most important thing while recei-ving a passboth stick and body can be used to receive or control a pass, both these methods must be trained frequently especially during level 1the ball should be received with the blade (waiting for the ball close to the front foot) and then moving the blade backwards when making contact with the ball (soft hands) – this will stop the ball from hitting the blade and bouncing away from the blade again therefore giving the player immediate control the ball should be received in front of the bodyreceiving aerial passes demands good ball hand-ling skills also the body can be used to capture an aerial pass (chest, thighs, feet)receiving the ball correctly might open gaps in defence and create scoring chances

•

•

•

••

•

•

Drill 1.

Objective:to pract ice passingand receiving

Organisation:players dividedin pairs passingto each other invaried distances

Execution:using all passingtechniques in ran-dom orderreceiving the passusing only st ick orbody, or both

Modi cations:

can also be exe-cuted individuallyusing the boards, inaerial passes usinga wall

•

•

•

•

•

Key points:head upgame like posit ion;on toes, kneesslight ly bentcorrect grip accor-ding to the passingtechniqueplayer should al-ways move towardsthe ball whilereceiving a passthe st ick should bebetween the bodyand the ball whilereceiving an aerialpass (if the st ick ison the side of thebody, it demandsmore ball handlingskills to capturethe ball, thereforeit is easier to loosethe possession ofthe ball)

••

•

•

•

Drill 2.

Objective:to pract ice passingand receiving aerialpassesalso good exercisefor eye-st ick coor-dinat ion

Organisation:players are dividedin pairs with oneball

Execution:pairs are passingthe ball to eachother in airemphasis on thetaking cont rol ofthe ball as quicklyas possible whenreceiving an aerialpass

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:either one bounceon the Áoor allo-wed or no bounces

Key points:right distance(depending on thebounces)eyes on the ballremaining relaxedin both hands andknees will help theplayer to cont rolthe aerial passquicker

•

•

••

Drill 3.

Objective:to pract ice passingand receiving (whi-le moving)

Organisation:players are dividedin pairs with oneball

Execution: dribbling fromthe forehand tobackhand sideafter receiving apass, taking fewsteps forward, thenpassing and takinga few steps backafter making thepass

•

•

•

Modi cations:also a rotat ion canbe added afterreceiving a passbefore passingback

Key points:players should stayin constant move-ment using quickhandssoft handshead up

•

•

••

►1


Movivvng without ball

Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting

Offeff nsive player witha ball

Offeff nsive playerWithout a ball


Cone

Drill 4.

Objective:to pract ice passingand receiving (whilemoving)to pract ice rea-diness to pass andto receive a passto pract ice ballhandling skills

Organisation:players are dividedinto groups of threetwo players standingwith 10-15 metersdistance betweenthemthird player in themiddle with a ball

Execution:the player in themiddle runs backand forth with theball passing a one-t imer to the othertwo at each turn45-60 second shif ts

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:drill can also beexecuted so thatthe two playershave one ball eachand the third playerruns without a ballpassing a one-t imerat each turnthe emphasis is onpract icing the rea-diness to pass andreceive

Key points:head upsoft handsgame like posit ionwith all playerst iming and rea-diness to pass andreceiveblade on the Áoor

•

•

•••

•

•

Example 1.

Example 2.

1 ◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 2.

When the players have learnt the passing techniques or one technique at a time if wished to proceed that way, the coach can add more di cult exercises to the practice. e game likeness should be brought into exercises, and the reason why passing and receiving are important skills to mana-ge, and in which types of situations these skills are crucial.

Moving the ball in the game happens at speed and therefore should be trained in more complicated exercises where situ-ations follow each other. For younger players it is essential to know that each ball should be passed so that the recei-ver is capable of gaining the possession of the ball instantly.

Next thing to emphasise is passing while moving and ti-ming. e coach should always encourage the players to:

pass in motionalways continue motion after a passreceive a pass in motion by moving towards the pass or sideways – do not wait for the ball to come to youas a ball carrier to keep head up to locate other playersas a non-ball carrier to create passing lanes by movingreadiness to pass and receiveas a non-ball carrier to show the ball-carrier where to pass, by pointing out with a stick or by using other signalsshoot straight from a pass if there is a possibility

•••

•

•

••

•

Drill 5. Objective:

to practice passingand receiving whilemoving

Organisation:players are dividedin groups of 5-7playersthese units aredivided in half, theother half standingon a line oppositethe others with theball5-8 meters distan-ce (can be varied)one ball eachgroup

Execution:the player with theball (nr 1) pas-ses to the playeracross (nr 2) andcontinues movingtowards the passplayer nr 2 passesthe ball to playernr 3 and movestowards the passand so on

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:all different passescan be included;fore hand passes,backhand passes,short aerial passes(more dif¿cult totake control of)

Key Points:head upcontinuous move-ment towards thepassall players are tomove in the direc-t ion of their pass,moving to the endof the groupreadiness to passand receive a passblade on the Àoorcontrolled passesnot a race

•

••

•

•

•••

►1



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 6.Objective:

to practice passingand receiving inmovementto practice movingafter a pass

Organisation:players are dividedinto groups of six in¿ve positions (as inthe picture), one balleach groupall players stand ina circle in game likeposturetwo players in oneposition in the start,the ¿rst one with theball

Execution:the player with theball starts passingthe ball in certainorderafter a pass theplayer has to followthe pass, that is tokeep in constantmotionplayers have to besure about their ballhandling skills tokeep the head upand still maintain thecontrol of the ball

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:can also be exe-cuted with passingin random ordercalling can also beadded so that theplayer with the ballhas to shout thename of the playershe/she is about topass togroups can add upto seven players

Key points:keeping the head upgame like positionblade on the Àoorbe ready to receivea pass by turningearly enoughplayers are notallowed to pass toplayers next to thememphasise commu-nication/use of voiceas an important toolon the court

•

•

•

••••

•

•

Drill 7.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receiving whilemovingto pract ice movingaccording to the ballcarrierto pract ice choosingthe right passingtechnique accordingto the situat ionremind the playersthat there should al-ways be three passingopt ions

Organisation:the players aredivided into groupsof Àve in a small area(5x5 m)the area can be mar-ked with conesone ball each group

Execution:four of the playersare passing the ballto each other keepingin constant mot ionone player in themiddle is t rying tosteal the ball by cut -t ing the passing lanesif the player in themiddle touches theball, he/ she willswitch places withthe player who madethe failed pass

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

players are supposedto stay in mot ion pro-viding passing lanesto the player withthe ball

Modi cations:players can alsostand st ill when onlyone-t ime passes areallowed, but thenthe emphasis is moreon moving the ballinstead of playersthe player with theball is not allowed tomoveonly aerial passesallowed

Key points:keep in mot ionreadiness to pass andreceive a passblade on the Áoorplayers should stayinside the area tokeep up the level ofdifÀcultyplayer in the middleshould be mot iva-ted to keep up andt ry to steal the balleven though it seemsdifÀcult

•

•

•

•

••

••

•

1 ◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 8.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receiving whilemoving and gaininga scoring chanceto learn how toavoid less effect ivescoring sectors andto advance st raightto the netto shoot from evenfrom bad posit ions

Organisation:the coach shouldshow where theless effect ive sco-ring sectors are (onthe sides and in thecorners) by placingcones on the spotsplayers line up intwo corners withthe ballscoach/ t raineesituated near theopposite goalready to receivea pass from theÀrst player (afterthis his/ her duty isdone)

Execution:A1 starts runningwithout a ballslight ly towards thecent reA2 passes a ball toA1, who receivesthe pass in mot i-on and cont inuestowards the middlezoneafter crossing themiddle line, A1looks up and passesthe ball to thecoach/ t rainee, whopasses a one t imerback and A1 shootsA1 moves on to theother side of thenet to be ready togive a one t imer tothe next playerafter the Àrst pass,A2 starts by exe-cut ing the same asA1, receiving a passfrom A3 and thenreceiving the onet imer from A2after the execut ionthe players willswitch lines

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the dril l can bemade more difÀcultby adding a defen-der in the play (nr1 becomes a defen-der after giving apass to nr 2)both the passerand the receiverhas to be evenmore accurate withthe passes andthe movement isemphasisedalso a variat ionwith 2-0, the pas-ser can also shoot ,can be usedthis will teach theplayers to use theircreat ivity in Ànis-hing at tacksmore opt ions forthe ball-carriercreat ing game likesituat ionsalso movementemphasisedalso 2-1 with de-fender

Key points:running slight lytowards the Àrstpass, not along theboardhead upquick shot st raightfrom the pass, nomat ter in whichposit ion the playeris or where the ballis passed to

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

C

A1A2

A1

12

1

2 A3

►1



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 9.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receivingin mot ion whilegaining a scoringchanceto learn how toavoid less effect ivescoring sectors andto advance st raightto the net

Organisation:players form two li-nes in the oppositecorners with ballsone player is situ-ated by the boardat the middle lineand one player infront of the net inrespect ive ends ofthe rink

Execution:A1 starts by passinga hard and a longpass to B2B2 comes towardsthe pass, takescont rol of the ball,makes a quick turnand passes the ballto the player onhis/ her own end ofthe rink, B3, whoshootson the other side,B1 passes the ballto A2, and A2 cont i-nues passing to A3,who shootsafter the execut i-on, A1 becomesA2,A2 becomesA3 andA3 becomesA1same rotat ion inthe other end (B1becomes B2, B2becomes B3 and B3becomes B1)after a while thedril l should be exe-cuted as a mirror

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the drill couldalso be executedso that A1 passesto A2and A2 to A3 butexecuted as exp-lained the situat ioncan be seen as anopening which ma-kes it more gamelike

Key points:A1 and B1 shouldstart the dril lsimultaneouslythe players shouldbe encouraged toreceive the Àrstpass with backhand(depending whet -her the player is aleft / right )the passes shouldbe accurate andhardA2 should gotowards the Àrstpass, all the wayacross the middlelineA2 should keep inconstant mot ionand head up to seewhere A3 isA1 should pass inmot ion and con-t inue movementimmediately afterthe pass towardsthe middle line forthe next execut ion

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1

B1

B3

A2

A3

B2

20◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 3.

When the team has the ability to pass and receive one timers, shoot straight from the pass, pass and receive while moving, that is when at least most of the players excel these individual skills without di culties, the coach can proceed to the next level. On the third level the team is ready to transfer the indivi-dual skills to be used in a team play system. It should be made clear from the beginning that passing and receiving is a part of a bigger system, and that no team game can be played without working units. is fact can not be empha-sised enough. To teach the players to play as a unit demands skills in passing and receiving, and now it is time to take these learned skills into team play. First drills are a bit comp-lex modi cations of the drills from level 2. e last drills are passing and receiving drills for practising the chosen sys-tems in openings and nishing attacks and can be modi ed.

Drill 10.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receiving whilemoving

Organisation:players divided intogroups of Àvethree cones forminga t riangle (5m x 5mx 5m)three playersaround the t riangleand two playersinside the t rianglethe players aroundthe t riangle has thepossession of theball

Execution:players around thet riangle are t ryingto pass the ball toeach other using Áatand aerial passesplayers inside thet riangle are t ryingto block the passinglaneswhenever playersoutside succeed incrossing the bothlines they score apoint

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

if a player insidesucceeds in blockingthe pass, the playerwill switch placeswith the player whomissed the pass andthe score will startover againplayers around thet riangle are allowedto move but thereshould always betwo passing direc-t ions so they cannot stand behindthe same side of thet riangle

Modi cations:can also be exe-cuted by using asquare with fourplayers outside andthree players insideonly two touches onthe ball; one to re-ceive the pass andthe second to pass

Key Points:it should be pointedout that thereshould always betwo passing direc-t ionshead upthe players outsidethe t riangle are notallowed to cross thelines

•

•

•

•

•

••

A1

►21



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 11.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receiving inmot ionto teach awarenessof all the playerson the Àeld

Organisation:the players aredivided into teamsof three personsthe court is dividedinto three sect ionsif goals are used,however not neces-sary, they can bemarked with conesit is preferable ifthe teams havedif ferent colouredvests

Execution:3 vs 3 gamethe player with theball is not allowedto move, whichwill act ivate theplayers withoutthe ball, who haveto create passinglanes by moving toan open spacea team is supposedto keep the pos-session of the ballas long as possibleand the passes arecountedthe team withmore passes after60 to 90 seconds isthe winnerthe player with theball has to makea pass in threeseconds after re-ceiving the ballif the opponentgains the possessi-on of the ball, theroles will automat i-cally switchthe teams can rota-te after one switchso that the winningteam stays on thecourt and the losermoves on to thenext courtthe winner of thewhole tournamentis therefore theteam that hasstayed on the samecourt the longestperiod of t ime

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:different rules canbe addedplayers are onlyallowed to passforwardemphasises thefact that there isactually only onepassing opportuni-ty because thereshould always beone player behindthe ball carrier, si-milar to a defenderduring a game andthis player cannotbe passed tothe levell ing of theoffensive team iscrucialemphasis on at -tackingonly one t ime pas-ses allowedemphasises thequick react ion andfast speedonly for veryadvanced playerswith good passingskills

Key points:readiness to passand receive a passhead upnon-ball carriershave to move tocreate passinglanes and notstay behind theopponent (passingshade)rules should best rict ly followedand equal

•

1.

•

•

•

2.

•

•

•

••

•

22◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 12.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receiving ingame like situa-t ions; openingsto take the indi-vidual techniquesinto game perfor-manceto pract ice themovement in thechosen opening

Organisation:the players canbe divided eitherby their playingposit ions (defen-ders, wings, cent reforwards) or can beswitched so thatevery player has toplay each posit ion(preferable for thebeginners)the coach givesthe players theposit ions where tostart depending onthe way the teamwants to open upthe play

Execution:example:two defenders (A1and A2) on thecorner face-off dotgiving a hit -inwinger (A4) on thesame side by theboard, the cent reforward (A3) in thecent re few metersfrom the goal areaand the top-st -riker (A5) eitherin front of theopponents goal orby the board on thesame side with thepressure (st rongside)A1 passes the ballto A2 who has twoopt ions:1) to pass theball to A4, who gi-ves a one t imer toA3, who cont inuesto A5 who shoots2) move be-hind the goal andpass to A3, whohas now movedto the st rong sideof the court , whogives a one t imerto A4, while mo-

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•

•

•

ving towards theoffensive zone, A3passes to A5 whocan either pass toA4 or back to A3variat ions for themovement of theforwards aftercrossing the middleline are endlessthe defendersshould also move tosupport the at tackthe at tack shouldalways end up witha shotone performanceshould not containmore than 5-6passesafter one perfor-mance the playersswitch posit ions(either A1 to A2, A2to A3 etc, or thewhole line-up)

Modi cations:ways to start canbe variedfor example A1 andA2 passing witheach other in frontof the goalif the team ispract icing liberoplay, the game isopened by using alow t riangle (A1, A2and A4)in the beginningthis should be exe-cuted without anopponent but thenadding the defensi-ve team makes theplay more gamelike and difÀcultif there are lessplayers the drillcan be executed inonly one endafter opening theplay, the forwards(A3, A4, A5) haveto go around acone (or the oppo-site goal), re-groupand at tack againstA1 and A2

Key Points:the main emphasisis on the passesand t imingpassing and recei-ving while movinghead upreadiness to passand receive a pass

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

A2

A3

A4

A5

Option 1

A2

A1

A3

A4

A5

Option 2.

Modification

A1

A2

A3

A5

A4

►2



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 13.Objective:

to pract ice passingand receiving whilemoving: Ànishingat tacksto t ransfer individualskills into game per-formanceto pract ice movingin the offensive zoneand scoring

Organisation:players are divided asin drill 12a defensive team canbe added withoutst icks or by playingwith st icks upsidedowna defensive team canalso be simulated bycones in the beginning(as Àgure dice 5) toemphasise the passingwith the at tackingteamin the beginning,and especially withyoung players, thepassing lanes can bepract iced so that theplayers are only pas-sing the ball withoutmovement (Àgure 1)the coach should alsomake clear beforestart ing where thedefensive team is si-tuated, and bring outthe best opt ions forthe at tacking teamsplayers’ where to beopen for a pass andwhere are the bestplaces to score byusing the tact ic board(opponent coveringthe best scoring sec-

tor as Àgure shows)

Execution:A1 and A2 are giving afree-hit by the middleline (Àgure 2)A3 is situated nearthe rink, A4 in themiddle and A5 on theoffensive corner onthe st rong side of therinkthe forwards canalso switch places, inÁoorball the posit ionsare not designated,especially in theoffensive play and theplayers are encoura-ged to be creat ive in

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

at tacking situat ionsthe ball is passedaround with theplayers Àrst st illstanding

e movement:if A1 and A2 are pas-sing to each other (À-gure 2) the forwardsshould move to openspaces (depending onthe placed cones, orthe opponent ) readyto receive a passif in libero play(Àgure 3) the ball isplayed to the left sideto winger A3, A5 mo-ves to the corner onthe left side and A4moves closer to thecent re (either behindor in front of the goaldepending on theopponents moves)the at tack should endwith a shot after 5-6passesthe same passingÀgure can be repea-ted as many t imes asnecessary unt il theplayers have under-stood and remembe-red the Àgure, andother variat ions canbe added (also usingthe creat ivity of theplayers themselves)after three to fourat tacks either theposit ions or the wholeline-up should beswitched

Modi cations:can be modiÀed bychanging the numberof defensive players(also 5 against 4)also the Àgure of pas-sing can be modiÀeddepending on thechosen play system(using the cent re orthe corners)

Key Points:using the open space,avoiding dangerouspasses and poor sco-ring zonesreadiness to pass andreceivehead upplayers should be en-couraged to also usetheir own creat ivitythe level of theplayers should beconsidered

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

A1A2

A3

A5

A4

Starting Position

Example of passing lanes

Example of the movement

A2

A1

A4

A5

A3

gure 1

gure 2

gure 3

2 ◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 14.Objective:

to pract ice passingin the offensive zoneto pract ice creat ingspace in opening andÀnishing at tacksto pract ice t iming ofpassing and moving

Organisation:A1 behind the goalA3 at the middle linenear the rinkA2 in the other cor-ner with the rest ofthe players and ballsthe coach shouldmake the obj ect iveof t iming the passesand movement clearbeforehand

Execution:Àrst part de-monst rates anopening in thedefensive zoneA1 starts runningtowards the cornerwhile receiving apass from A2A1 cont inues run-ning by the boardwhile A3 moves tothe cent reA1 passes a one-t imer to A3 andcont inues runningtowards the middleline- the second partdemonst rates anat tack in the de-fensive zoneA1 cont inues fol-lowing the middleline, while A2runs by the boardtowards the line(after the Àrstpass), A2 receives apass from A1A3 waits in theslot , as in gamelike situat ion,prepared to receivea pass, but asA1passes to A2, A3moves by the boardto receive a passfrom A2A1 runs towardsthe slot to receivea pass from A3A1 shootsA1 becomesA2, A2becomesA3 and A3becomesA1

•

•

•

••

•

•

•

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.•

Modi cations:different variat ionsof running andpassing lanes is upto the coach

Key points:the coach shouldpay special at tent i-on to the t iming ofthe movement andpassingA3 empt ies the slotfor A1 to shootmovement shouldbe game likeplayers should begathered after thedrill to be remin-ded about theobj ect ives of thedrill

•

•

•

•

•

A2 A1

A3

1

2

34

4

5

6

2 6

7

►2



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Shoot ing

Level 1.

e shooting techniques are the same as in passing, only more power is used. e grip and the posture should re-main the same as in di erent passing techniques. Shooting should be emphasised early at the start of a player’s career, because the fact is that most of the goals are the product of a shot. Also it should be made clear from the beginning, from where to shoot and what kind of a shot is the most appropriate according to the situation and the position of the player. Even young players should be taught to shoot from di erent and unfamiliar positions. Also shooting from straight passes, both oor and aerial should be included in each practice. One-timers will make it more di cult for the goalkeeper to react when moving sideways, and the defensi-ve team to predict the shot. Shooting straight from the pass demands good passing skills, which should also be mastered.

Shot Grip Execution When Pros ConsLongwristshot/dragshot

Sameas inpassingforehand

Theoppositesides foot in front, weight ison theback foot. Thebladehasa longbackdrivealong thesurfaceand theball isreleasedon the level of the front foot. In theendof theshot,thebladeshouldbepointing towards thegoal, and theweightshouldbe transferred totally to the front foot.If theshot is shot fromprotectionwith rotationof theupperbody, it helps themovement if thesameside’s foot is in front astheshootingside.

Whenaplayerhas timetoaimandshoot, usually forwardsfromtheside(especial-ly fromrotation)

Accurate Thebackdrivetakesa longtime toexecute

Short wristshot

Sameasabove

Chest shouldbetowardsthegoal, also thesamesides foot in front as theshootingside.Theball is released fromthebladeclose to the foot in front.

Whenaplayer hasgainedpositionclose tothegoal, straight fromapass

Accurateand fast,canbeshot fromevenbadpositions,goalkeeper has lesstime to react than inother shots

Player has tobeclose to thegoal

Forehanddrive

Handsclosereachotherthan inthewristshot

Theoppositesides foot in front togain therotationof theupperbody, at the timeof theshot theball shouldbe in front of thebody, andslightly to theside. Theball shouldn’t beasclose tothebodyas inwrist shot. Theball ishit with theblade’sheel, sothat theball is liftedup in theair. Thebackswingmight lookabit like ingolf. Canalsobeshot withashorter backswingwhentheshot isnot ashardbutmaybeabit moreaccurate.

Whenaplayer has timeto take theshot,mostlyusedbydefenders fromthemiddlezone

Good longdistanceshot whenthereareplayer/sscreeningthegoalkeeper

Thebackswingtakes time

Slapshot Widergripsimilar towrist shotgrip

Theoppositesides foot in front than theshootingside, widestance, weight on the front foot. Thebackswingshouldbequitelongbut thestickshouldn’t exceed thewaist level. Just beforehitting theball thebladeshould touchtheÀoor and thebladeshouldbepointing towards thegoal in theendof theshot.

When theplayer hastime toprepare for theshot, alsodefendersfromthemiddlezone

Hardandunpre-dictable, especiallywhen there isaplayer screening thegoalie

Takes timetoshoot

Backhandshot Handsclosetoeachother

Thesamesides foot in front withsamesidesshoulder usuallyfacing thegoal. Canalsobeexecutedwithback facing thegoal. Theblade touches theball on the level of the front foot, orslightly in front of it.

When theplayer doesnot have thepositiontoshoot fromforehandside, or if theoppo-nent hasblockedtheforehandside.

Unpredictable forthegoalkeeper,especiallywhenonlyonehand isused,canalsobeshotwithback facing thegoal.

Player has tobeclose to thegoal, usuallyshot fromveryshort distance

2 ◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

It is also good to go through the best scoring sectors in the early stage and always encourage the players to gain to-wards those areas and shoot whenever there is a chance.

1 = e best sector in the slot, close to the net, great oppor-tunity to shoot in rebounds and steer in long distance shots

2 = e second best sector, bigger area for the goalkeeper to cover, good for sideway passes (one timers) forcing the go-alkeeper to move sideways but no chance to reach the ball

3 = Long distance shots and shots from a small angle might surprise the goalkeeper but are usually saved or blocked

Drill 15.Objective:

to pract ice differenttechniques of shoot ingto learn to keep thehead up when shoo-t ingto learn the right gripand posturewarm up the goalkee-per

Organisation:players are standingon a half circle fromabout eight metersfrom the goal withone ball eachplayers should keepdistance to eachother and give roomfor the player nextto shoot

Execution:players start one byone from the otherend of the line toshoot towards thegoaldif ferent shots usedÀrst easy shots forthe goalkeeper tocatch (wrist shot )when the goalkeeperis get t ing warm,more power can beused (slap shot )

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

••

•

Modi cations:to get the goal-keeper movingsideways, the shoo-ters are alternatedfrom side to sideto shoot whilemoving the playerscan take two stepstowards the goalbefore the shot(otherwise sameorder)to get more repet i-t ions, or with lessplayers the playerscan shoot 3-4 ballsat the same turn

Key points:head upright posture andgripgive space for thenext shooterthe players shouldbe ordered tocollect the ballsquickly after oneround to able thenext round as fastas possibleif there arechildren involved,they should beadvised not collectthe balls from thegoal or behind thegoal unt il everybo-dy has taken theirshot to avoid inj ury

•

•

•

••

•

•

•3

33

2

1

►2



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 16.Objective:

to pract ice shoo-t ing from differentangles and posi-t ionswarm up for thegoalkeepers

Organisation:one player stan-ding in front of thegoal in a game likeposit ion (A1)other players arestanding in halfcircle with one balleach ready to pass

Execution:the players start topass the ball to A1one at a t ime in or-der (either procee-ding from the otherside or alternat ingthe sides)A1 t ries to shootst raight from thepass no mat terwhich side orwhere the ball ispassed toafter shoot ing A1moves to the lineand the next playerfrom the line takesthe shots

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:also aerial passesso the player whois shoot ing has topract ice ball eyecoordinat ion aswellfor more advancedplayers, one morepass can be addedso that the playerwho is suppose togive the pass toA1, gives a pass tosome other playeron the line, whothen passes theball to A1. Thisway, A1 cannotpredict from wherethe pass comes buthas to react to thepass and posit ionhim/ herself toshoot quickly.

Key points:players should beready to pass andshootright grip accordingto the shotgame like posit ion(knees bent , lowposture)

•

•

•

•

•

Drill 17.Objective:

to pract ice dif ferenttype of shotsto pract ice shoot ingwhile movingwarmup for the goal-keeper

Organisation:players form three li-nes by the middle linewith ballscones in the corners

Execution:one player from eachline takes a shot at at imedifferent shots fromdifferent lines1)a short wrist shot2)wrist shot with along back drive3)penalty shotthe order will forcethe goalkeeper tomove sidewaysafter the shot , playershave to go around thecone in the opposi-te corner so that amovement forward willfollow the shot andthat the players wontstay in front of thenext shooterthe player from themiddle line has to goaround the goal cagethe lines will rotate inclockwise order

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

••

•

•

•

Modi cations:shots can be variedalso lines can beadded in the cor-ners, from where theplayer has to shoot awrist shot from pro-tect ion or a backhandshotone t imer can alsobe added so thatthe player from theline on the left sidepasses a one t imer tothe player in the mid-dle line, receives thepass back and shootsa one t imer

Key points:right grip accordingto the shotplayers should beencouraged to followthe movement for-ward after the shotplayers should notstay in front of thenext shooterplayers should waitso that the goalkee-per is ready to recei-ve the next shotplayers from lines 1)and 2) should not gotoo close to the goal,however the shotshould be accuraterather than hard towarm up the goal-keeperharder shots canbe taken once thegoalkeeper has beenwarmed up

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

13

2

2 ◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 18.Objective:

to pract ice shoo-t ing while movingwarm up for thegoalkeeperto pract ice sidewaymovement for thegoalkeeper

Organisation:players form twolines by the middleline facing the goalwith ballsfor beginners therecan be cones addedto mark the shoo-t ing spots

Execution:A1 starts runningby the rink anglingtowards the goalto get the goalkee-per moving side-ways, the playershould clearly crossthe middle sectorbefore shoot ingafter shoot ing, theplayers cont inuesto the line on theother side to shootalternately fromforehand and back-hand side

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the players canalso start from thecorners so that theshots will be shotfrom protect ionin another varia-t ion, the playerscan start from thecorners and shootafter the oppositesides cone

Key points:right grip andpostureshoot ing from goodprotect ionthe goalkeepershould follow theshooters move-ment , not predictthe shot or posit ionhim/ herself alreadyon the other cornerof the goal (simu-lates game play forthe goalkeeper)

•

•

•

•

•

A1

1 2

Drill 19.Objective:

to pract ice shoot ingwhile movingto pract ice directshot from a passwarm-up drill forthe goalkeeper

Organisation:players form twolines in the cornerswith ballstwo cones aboutthree meters fromthe rink near themiddle line to markthe turning point forthe players (especi-ally beginners)

Execution:A1 starts runningby the rink towardsthe cone withouta ball, runs aroundthe cone and makesa fast turn facingthe goalafter the turn theplayer receives apass from the oppo-site corner (B1)the player caneither take cont rolof the ball and thenshoot (beginners) orshoot direct fromthe pass whichdemands goodt iming and eye-ballcoordinat ionafter the shot A1moves to the othercornerB1 executes thesame, receiving apass from the oppo-site corner (A2)for beginners, thepass can be madestanding st ill, butas soon as possible,the players shouldbe encouraged topass while moving,also this helps tospeed up the drillit is bet ter to startwith a wrist shotand then move onto different shots

Modi cations:the coach candetermine whetherhe/ she wants theshot to be director notif the shot is direct ,the pass should be

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

aimed closer tothe goal, and if theplayer is supposedto take cont rol ofthe ball Àrst , thepass should beaimed further awayfrom the goalthe ball can alsobe passed from thesame line, that isfrom behind, whichwill emphasise theball cont rol whenthe player has toreceive the ballf rom behind anddribble around thecone before theshotalso aerial passes toemphasise the re-ceiving a lif ted ballwhich can happenduring a gamewhen the playersare familiar withthe dril l, it canbe executed withdouble speed sothat A1, A2 andB1 are all runningbefore the Àrst ballis passedin this case B2 pas-ses the ball to A1and A3 passes to B1and B4 to A2

Key points:the ball should bepassed while mo-ving to keep up andincrease the speedhead should alwaysbe lif ted up beforethe shotaccurate passes(the player shoot ingshould point outwhere he/ she wantsthe pass) with cor-rect speedt iming of the pass,not too early ortoo late, at tackingplayer and the ballmust meet at thesame point at thesame t imeit is always goodto start with ballcont rol Àrst , andthen move forwardto direct shots

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

►2



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Taking controlOf the ball

A1 B1

A1

B1

1 2

B2

A2

Double speed

A3 B4

Drill 20.Objective:

to pract ice shoo-t ing one t imers anddirect ing the ballto pract ice accura-te shots from bothground and aerialpasseswarm up for thegoalkeeper (side-ways movement)

Organisation:players form twolines by the rinkat the middle linewith balls

Execution:A1 starts runningtowards the slotwhen A1 reachesthe goal area, he/she will receive ahard pass from A2A1 shoots an accu-rate shot , or moreor less directs theball towards thegoalafter the pass, A2executes the sameafter the shot ,players switch lines

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:also aerial passesA1 can also run pa-rallel with the mid-dle line, receivea short pass fromA2 and cont inuetowards the goalperforming a shootout

Key points:the shot shouldn’ tbe more than a di-rect ive touch withthe ball (one t imeshot )both forehand andbackhand should beusedone hand gripshould be used toreach the ballthe player can alsoreceive the passwith forehand andshoot with a back-hand side, or viceversa depending onthe situat ion

••

•

•

•

•

A1 A2

0◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 2.

After learning how to shoot technically correct and from where to shoot, the most important thing is to know how to time the shot and choosing the best shot according to the si-tuation and position. On the second level the aim is to practi-ce the timing of the shot and nding the way to a good shoo-ting position. Also evaluating all these in a fraction of time demands skill and reaction speed. To practice these compo-nents together, it is best to add more players into the drills.By adding a defender to cover the shot makes the situ-ation more game like. Hardly ever does a player have an open space for a shot in a game, so to practice shoo-ting under pressure enables better chances to score in the game. By adding another offensive player, gives anot-her option for the ball carrier, to pass. erefore also pas-sing skills are required, as well as readiness to do so. Assisting the ball carrier to shoot also becomes rele-vant. As an o ensive player without the ball, it is impor-tant to learn how and when to create space for the shot, either by screening the goalkeeper or making space for the ball carrier to shoot. ese actions are also practiced.

Drill 21.Objective:

to pract ice shoo-t ing from protec-t ion and whilemovingto pract ice t imingof the shotto pract ice gainingspace for a shotfor the goalkeeperto pract ice side-ways movementand saves at closedistance

Organisation:players are in thecorners with balls

Execution:A1 starts runningtowards the slotwithout a ballA2 starts running to-wardsA1 with a ballwhen A1 has crossedthe middle slotA2 gives a drop passto A1 who shootsA2 cont inues runningtowards the oppositecorner, now withouta ballA3 leaves from thecorner with a balland gives a drop passto A2, who shootsand so onafter execut ion, theplayers switch linesto get a shot fromthe other side

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the coach can playa defender, haras-sing the playersto emphasise theimportance of theprotect ion of theballclose distanceshots can also bepract iced as directshots so that a passis given from theopposite corner

Key points:the drop pass hasto be accurate sothat the opponentdoes not have t imeto intercept thepass

•

•

•

A2

► 1



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 22.Objective:

to pract ice bothclose distance andlong distance shotswhile movingto pract ice twoman screento pract ice aggres-sive play in the slot

Organisation:four lines; two inthe corners andtwo at the middleline by the rinkall lines facing thegoal with ballsthe coach shouldemphasise theimportance of thescreen beforehand

Execution:A1 takes few stepsfrom the cornerand shoots from asmall angle (shortwrist shot , back-hand)A2 does the samefrom the othercornerafter this bothplayers move tothe slot to screenthe goalkeeperA3 takes few stepstowards the middledot and shoots along distance shot(long wrist shot ,forehand drive,slap shot )A4 does the sameafter one round theplayers rotate inclockwise order

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

Modi cations:A1 and A2 can alsoplay one versus onesituat ion in frontof the goal so thatA1 is the offensiveplayer and A2 isdefensiveA2 can also havethe opt ion to passto A1 to shoot if A1has a bet ter oppor-tunity to score

Key points:best way to screenthe goalkeeper isto move, this waythe goalkeeperalso has to moveand therefore it isharder for him/ herto see the shotthis is done so thatthe two screeningplayers cross eachother in front ofthe goalkeeper atthe moment theshot is takenit is also bet ter ifat least one of theplayers is aboutone meter from thegoalkeeperthis way thescreening playerhas t ime to turnaround and hit therebounds, even ifthe ball hits theplayer him/ herself

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1A2

A4A3

2◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 23.Objective:

to pract ice a droppassto pract ice a longdistance shotto pract ice scree-ning the goalkee-per and hit t ingrebounds

Organisation:players form twolines; one in thecorner and one atthe middle line bythe rinkballs in the corner

Execution:A1 passes to A2A2 comes towardsthe pass and takescont rol of the ballA1 follows the passand receives a droppass from A2 whenthey crossA2 runs st raight tothe slot withoutlooking back and A1cont inues towardsthe middle spotwith the ballas soon asA2 isready to screenthe goalkeeper,A1 shoots a longdistance shot (longwrist shot , slapshot , forehanddrive)A2 ready for re-boundsafter the execut ionplayers switch lines

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:defensive playerscan be added sothat after the shotA1 plays a defen-der in front of thegoal with the nextscreening playeralso a defensiveplayer can beadded closer to theshooter to blockthe shot , whichmakes it harder forthe shooter to aimthe shot

Key points:the drop pass hasto be accurate sothat the opponentwont intercept thepassA2 should notfollow A1 after thedrop pass, but tocont inue st raight tothe slotsame main pointsin screening as inthe previous drill

•

•

•

•

•

Drill 24.Objective:

to pract ice scoringon two against zeroto pract ice decisionmaking; shoot orpass

Organisation:players in oppositecorners with balls

Execution:A1 starts by run-ning by the rinkwithout a ballA1 receives a passfrom A2they both runtowards the middleline, A1 with theballaf ter crossing themiddle line, A1 hasto make a decisionwhether to give adrop pass to A2 andcont inue towardsthe opposite goalto screen thegoalkeeper, or tocont inue runningwith the ball andshoot , or pass to A2laterB1 and B2 do thesame at the samet imeafter the execu-t ion, they moveon to the oppositecorner

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:also the goalkeepercan give the Àrstpass to A1other variat ionsaccording to thecoach, but themain emphasisshould be on aquick Ànishing

Key points:quick decision toÀnish the at tack ina shotthe players shouldleave at the samet ime from bothcorners

•

•

•

•

A1

A2

B1

B2

A1

A2

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 3.

When the players have the ability to make the decision ac-cording to the situation; whether to shoot directly, pass or dribble, even more complex components can be added to the drills. e scoring situation is made more game like and di cult by adding both an opponent and a team mate to create a situation where the player has to make a fast decisi-on. Shooting is also emphasised as the main result of the at-tack, as well as the team play leading to an attack. e drills are not only about shooting but more or less nding a way to shoot, either by you or with the help of your team mates.

e main point, after all, in any invasive game, is to score. On the third level, the aim is to create chances to do so. Usually the defending opponent is covering the best sco-ring sector, either covering players or the zone. e best scoring sector is in the middle where the defensive team is usually situated as follows:

is should be explained to the players in order for them to realize where the opponent is most likely to be situated. Also it should be emphasised that the best chance to score is in the middle where the invasion should happen. e ball car-rier should always aim for the slot as well the non-ball car-rier should try to create an open space for him/her to shoot.

Drill 25.Objective:

to pract ice scoringto pract ice creat ingspace for the ballcarrier to shootOrganisat ion:one line by the rinkat the middle linewith ballsplayersA2 and A3as in the Àgurecones marking theopponent (can bereplaced by realopponents)the coach shouldmake clear be-forehand wherethe opponent ismost likely to besituatedthis will help theplayers to avoidthose areas

Execution:A1 passes the ballto A2 who comestowards the passA2 takes the ballunder cont rol andcont inues movingby the rinkA1 starts movingtowards the slotand receives a droppass from A2 whenthey crossat the same t imeA3 moves from thecent re towards theside creat ing spaceto the slot

••

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1 moves towardsthe corner to a badposit ion to shoot sohe/ she passes to A3A1 by the near postand A2 in front ofthe goal are openfor a pass from A3and ready to shootafter execut ion A1becomesA2, A2becomesA3 and A3becomesA1

Modi cations:the best way tomodify the drill isto add defensiveplayers to make itmore difÀcult forthe offensive teamto scorealso other varia-t ions of the passingÀgure and shoot ingposit ions can bemade

Key points:accurate shotsshould beemphasisedA3 should quicklydecide whom topass to and A1 andA2 should be readyto shootthe movement ofthe players shouldbe fast and thet iming precise

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A3 A2

A1A2

A1

A3

Positions in the end

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 26.Objective:

to pract ice scoringfrom t ight situat ionto pract ice ball pro-tect ion and fakes

Organisation:goal cages turnedtoward the cornersabout 7 metersfrom the boards(cones marking thearea)balls on top of thegoalplayers divided infour even groups, iftwo goals (depen-ding on the amountof players andgoalkeepers)two groups formingtwo different lineson both sides of thegoals

Execution:goalkeeper throws aball to the cornerA1 and O1 Àght forthe ballwhoever gets thepossession becomesat tacker and t riesto shootif the ball is hit ofboundaries, if thereis a score or a save,the goalkeeperthrows in anotherball45 second shif tsplayers switch whenthe coach whist le

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

••

Modi cations:after 45 seconds,two other playerscan be added, sothat every othershift is played twoversus twothe aim is to shootand for the otheroffensive player toget open to a placeto shoot a one t imer

Key points:to emphasise shoo-t ing and protect ingthe ballshoot when there iseven a slight chanceto scoreif there is no spaceto shoot , move orpass if possibleencourage theplayers to turnaround and challen-ge the opponent

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1

O1 A2

O2

Drill 27.Objective:

to pract ice shoo-t ing and gaining achance to shootto pract ice gamereading and decisi-on making

Organisation:players are dividedin groups of threeor fourthe court is dividedin halfif four players ineach group, oneplayer is situatedby the middle lineas a stat ionarysubst itute player

Execution:teams are playingthree against threeif a team with theball (of fensive)looses the balleither by:scoringdefensive teamsteals the ball orinterceptsthe ball is hit outof boundariesthen the defensiveteam has to passto the stat ionary/subst itute playerbefore start ingan at tack and theplayer from theoffensive team wholost the ball, has toswitch with theirstat ionary player

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A.B.

C.

•

the stat ionary/ sub-st itute player canmove sideways toreceive, pass andshootif the stat iona-ry/ subst ituteplayer is passed toother than afterintercept ion, theplayer has to shoot(demonst rat ing andefender shoot ingfrom the middleline)in this case theclosest player tothe goal has to beready to screen thegoalkeeper

Modi cations:only one t imersallowedthere has to be ashot after threepasses

Key points:players have tokeep moving cons-tant ly and shootwhen ever possibleplayers have to beready to screen thegoalie when thedefender has theballa player has toswitch after loosingthe ballthe rules should best rict ly followed

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

3 vs 3

Substitute players

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 28.Objective:

to pract ice scoringas a part of teamplayto pract ice all thecomponents fromprevious drillstogetherfor the defendingteam to pract ice aspeciÀc defensivegame like forma-t ion

Organisation:players are dividedin groups of Àve,or according to theteams line-upsthe scrimmage isplayed Àve versusÀve on the offen-sive zone and thedefending teamis playing withoutst icks

Execution:a defender of theoffensive team hasthe possession ofthe ball near themiddle linethe offensive teamcan play with bothusing the libero orusing defender-de-fender passthe wingers andthe cent re for-ward/ top-st rikerare t rying to moveto gain the bestshoot ing posit ionin the Àgures, fewopt ions are shownFigure 1.A1 passes to A4who has run to-wards the middlelineat the same t imeA5 creates space inthe slot by runningtowards the rinkOpt ion 1when A4 has gainedthe possession ofthe ball, he/ shepasses to A5at the same t imewith this pass, A2moves towards thecent re and A3 tothe slotA5 passes to A3who shootsA5 can also pass toA2, in which caseA3 will screen thegoalkeeper whenA2 shootsOpt ion 2.A4 passes the ballback to A1 who has

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•◦

◦

•◦

◦

◦

◦

•◦

moved closer tothe rinkA4 covers themiddle area byfollowing the passand A5 assists todefend in case of aturn overA1 dribbles by theboard and passesto A3 who has nowmoved from theslot towards therink (creat ing spa-ce in the slot )at the same t imewith the passA2moves to the slotand A5 can alsooffer a passing op-portunity for A3A3 passes to A2who shootsA3 can also pass toA5, in which caseA2 will screen thegoalkeeperplayers can prac-t ice few Àgures orj ust use their owncreat ivit yÀrst the Àgurescan be pract icedwithout an oppo-nent , and thereafter adding theopponent playingwithout st icks andthen with st icksafter a shot , therewill be another ballin play (passed bythe coach or anext ra player fromthe middle line)to begin the drillagainalso defenders canshoot if there is achance, and thenthere should alwaysbe at least oneplayer screeningthe goalkeeper

Modi cations:variat ions accor-ding to the coachesand players crea-t ivityalso see drills 11-13

Key points:shoot ing should beemphasisedplayers should beready to shoot (bla-de on the Áoor atall t imes)players should notbe afraid to screenthe goalkeeperall the things fromprevious drillsshould be broughtup and executedduring

◦

◦

◦

◦

◦

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

the scrimmage(areas to be avoi-ded on the offensi-ve zone, staying onthe shoot ing sector,screening, creat ingspace for the shotin the slot etc)use of voiceamongst playersshould be encou-ragedit has to be empha-sised thatthe coach can onlyprovide opt ions,in a game situat i-on it is the playerwho makes thedecisions and thosedecision have tobe suitable for thesituat ionalso the opponentswill have an effecton the play andsome opt ions thatthe coach providesmight not be thebest ones in certainsituat ions

•

•

•

A1

A2A3

A4

A5

Starting formation

A1A4

A3

A5

A2

Option 1. Option 2.

A1

A2

A4

A5

A3

Figure 1

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Dribbling

Level 1.

Ball protection is one of the most important things for the players to learn. Eye-ball-stick-coordination should be taught early and re-enforced throughout the player’s career. Controlling the ball with the stick, holding possession of the ball using body and stick protection, dribbling the ball using fakes, receiving aerial passes, hitting the ball in the air and so on, all demands a great deal of technique training. Players should be encouraged to use all their extra time du-ring practices to play with the ball. When players stand on the line waiting for their turn, they should just play with the ball, dribbling and lifting the ball up etc. e players should also be encouraged to play with the ball at home, or outside with friends. Some di erent tricks (examples below) can be practiced individually:

l if t ing the ball up with the st ick and capturing it , usingbody or st ick, or bothrotat ing the ball around the feet (Àgure of 8)bouncing the ball with the blade of the st ick, usingboth forehand- and backhand side, as well as theupper edge of the bladedribbling the ball using body moves and fakes

•

••

•

With juniors (ages 5-9) drills containing previous skill development can be included in di erent games and plays, such as catches, relays, and competitions. Technical circuits are also e cient but might be too focus demanding for young beginners to keep focus, which can lead to a decrease in motivation. If the tracks are kept simple, and the coach is able to evaluate the level of the concentration of the players, technical circuits are very suitable for the purpose.

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 29.

Objective:to pract ice ballcont rol and ballhandling

Organisation:players are stan-ding in front of thecoach with one balleach

Execution:players dribble theball standing st illkeeping head up tosee the coachwhen the coachshows differentsignals, the playersfollow:lif t ing arms up,players move for-wardpoint ing arms for-ward, players movebackwardslif t ing left arm,players move leftlif t ing right arm,players move rightwhist les once,players rotatewhist les twice,players take a Àvemeters sprint andreturn to theirplaces

Modi cations:the coach can alsocome up with num-bers to corresponda speciÀc fake, forexample: 1 = bodyfake, 2 = fake usingst ickwhen the coachshouts the number,the players performthe fake

Key points:good gripgame like posit ionhead up

•

•

•

•

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

•

•

•••

Drill 30.

Objective:to pract ice dribb-ling, fakes, and ballprotect ionwarm up the players

Organisation and execu-tion:

players run aroundthe rink with oneball eachthe coach has set upnumbers to cor-respond a speciÀcact ion:1. rotat ion left , con-t inue same direct ion2. change of direct i-on with a sprint3. rotat ion right ,cont inue same direc-t ion4. lif t ing the ball upand capturing (cont i-nuous movement )every t ime the coachshouts the number(or uses whist le) theplayers perform themove

Modi cations:dif ferent moves,such as fakes canbe addedalso a shot at bothgoals to warm upthe goalkeepers

Key points:head upgame like posit ionother body movesshould also beexecuted duringdribblingplayers shouldpract ice st ick hand-ling during running

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•••

•

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 31.Objective:

to pract ice ballhandling, ball pro-tect ion, coordinat i-on, and both bodyand ball cont rol

Organisation:coach sets up thecircuit , preferab-le beforehand orwhile players aredoing the previousexercisethe t rack should beset up so that thereare lot of repet i-t ions and differentact ionsthe whole areashould be used efÀ-cient ly to make theexecut ion intensiveand the use of spa-ce as economical aspossiblecoach explains anddemonst rates

Execution:players start bybouncing the ballten t imes in the airforward and back-ward runningsideway running,moving the ballf rom forehand tobackhand sidelif t ing the ball overan obstaclerunning st raight ,ball moving aroundthe conesst ick handlingaround the cones,Àgure eight andÀgure Xwall passesrunning around thecones, ball protec-t ion with bodylif t ing the ball overan obstaclepassing the ballbetween the cones(accuracy) to a goalstart ing all overagain

Modi cations:different skills canbe added, suchas shoot ing andpassingthe circuit can beexecuted without

•

•

•

•

•

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.8.

9.

10.

11.

•

•

the st ick and ballÀrst to pract icerunning and co-ordinat ion (physicalexercise)

Key points:the court should beused efÀcient lyplayers shouldn’ tbe standing on thelines wait ing foreach turn, in suchcases they shouldbe advised to beact ive with thest ick and ballalso physical exer-cises can be added,such as abs, push-ups and squatsthe circuit can beexecuted for aslong as possiblebut the coach hasto consider theplayers concentra-t ion levelwith youngerplayers it is prefe-rable to have lessexercises duringthe circuit so thatthey wont get con-fused and forgetwhat is supposed tobe done

•

•

•

•

•1

2

3

45

6

7

8

9

10

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 2.

Individual technique training should be included in every practice, especially with younger players, in the end all the technical skills are combined in the game itself. erefore game like drills are an even better way to practice indivi-dual technique since many skills are trained at the same time and in real environment. is requires that player’s use certain technical skills while performing tactical actions which simultaneously develops game sense. (Random Practice)

e level of di culty is increased by adding an opponent. e sooner the opponent is taken into consideration, the

sooner the players are challenged to meet the opponent, not to mention beating the opponent.

Drill 32.Objective:

to pract ice ballprotect ion and ballhandling

Organisation:players are dividedin pairs

Execution:players start wit -hout st icks with aball on the ÁoorÀrst one player isprotect ing the ballby moving aroundthe ball while theother player ist rying to kick theballthe ball has to stayst illafter a minute, theplayers switch roles

Modi cations:to pract ice ballprotect ion with ast ick, the playersdo the same withst icks using a smallareain this case theplayer with the ballshould be usingboth st ick and bodyto protect the ballthe other player ist rying to take theball away withouthit t ing the st ickwhen the playerwithout the ballsucceeds to takethe ball, the rolesswitch automat i-callyalso the side of therink can be used tocreate a 1 versus1 situat ion nearthe rink or in thecornerin this case theplayer with the ballshould be providedwith a solut ion howto resolve the situ-at ion: for examplea pass to the sidesor behind

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Key points:low posture (bentknees, legs wideapart )good gripno hit t ing the st ickcont inuous move-mentball handling (theplayer with the ballhas to protect theball with the bladeon the side wherethe opponent is)

•

•••

•

0◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 33.Objective:

to pract ice ballprotect ionto pract ice shoo-t ing from protec-t ion and in t ightsituat ionfor the defender topract ice defendingand denying spaceand posit ion fromthe ball carrier

Organisation:players are in thecorners with balls

Execution:A1 and A2 leave atthe same t ime fromthe cornerA1 has the ball andA2 t ries to obst ructA1 from shoot ingA1 shoots if pos-sibleafter the execut ionthey will switchlines and roleslines from thecorners executealternately

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:in the beginningthe dril l can beexecuted withoutthe opponent , whe-re the emphasis ison the technicalexecut ion

Key points:the emphasisshould be on the 1versus 1 situat ion,where the ballcarrier has to pro-tect the ball usingthe body (bodybetween the balland the opponent )and the defensiveplayer has to res-pond with using thebody, not the st ick(shoulder againstshoulder)the ball carriershould t ry to getto the posit ion toscore by changingpace or direct i-on, or by usingquick hands and asuitable shot forthe situat ion (wristshot , backhand)

•

•

•

A1

A2

Drill 34.Objective:

to pract ice ballprotect ionto pract ice dribb-ling in a t ight space

Organisation:players on lines inopposite cornerswith ballsthe court is dividedin half (lengthwise)cones placed onthe court as in theÀgure

Execution:two players (A1 andA2) start runningfrom the corner to-wards the Àrst coneA1 has the ball andA2 t ries to preventA1 from movingforwardwhen they reach thecone, A1 will give adrop pass to A2 andthe roles switchthe players cont inueunt il one of themshoots if possibleafter execut ion,they will start againfrom the othercorner

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the same playercan carry the ballthe whole way sothat the roles willnot switch unt ilplayers are on theother sidecan also be exe-cuted without anopponent so thatB1 runs with theball and makesan escape (a fakewhere the direct i-on of movement ischanged by quicklyrotat ing towardsopposite direct ion,turning the backagainst the oppo-nent , and coveringthe ball with theblade, forehandand backhand side)on each cone

Key points:the movement andchange of directionshould be quickhitting the stickmust be avoidedthe defensiveplayer should usebody to prevent theball carrier frommoving forward

•

•

•

•

•

A1

A2

B1

► 1



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 35.Objective:

to pract ice ballprotect ion and ballhandlingto pract ice fakes

Organisation:players are dividedin pairseach pair has oneball and two cones;one cone in eachend of the rink(width wise)

Execution:one of the playersis a ball carriert rying to score bytaking the ball tothe opponents coneball carrier hasto challenge thenon-ball carrier bymaking a fakewhen the ballcarrier managesto take the ball tothe cone, he/ shescores a pointand is allowed tocont inue as long asthe non-ball carrieris not able to stealthe ballwhen the non-ballcarrier manages tosteal the ball, theroles switch

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:fakes can be prac-t iced individuallybeforehandthe coach shoulddemonst rate somefakes to the playersand give individualfeedback (Model-ling)body fakes, esca-pe, use of feet etc

Key points:low posture, ontoesgood and steadygriphead upquick moves andhandschange of runningspeeda player shouldpract ice one fakeat a t ime; it isbet ter to know onefake and succeedin it every t ime,than know few andsucceed in themoccasionallythe defendershould have a side-on posit ion to reactquicker to theopponents moves

•

•

•

•

•

••

•

•

•

Drill 36.Objective:

to pract ice differentfakes

Organisation:players are in fourlines in each cornerballs in the oppositecorners

Execution:A1 starts by runningtowards the slot toreceive a pass fromA2simultaneously B1executes the sameon the opposite endof the rinkafter receiving thepass from A2, A1runs with the balltowards the otherend to play a oneagainst one situat ionwith B2after passing A2waits at the respec-t ive end of the rinkto play a one againstone situat ion with B1after the execut ion,lines rotate in clock-wise order

Modi cations:the coach can de-termine which kindof a fake should beperformed

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Key points:A1 should cometowards the Àrstpass as in a gamelike situat ion wherethe other defenderopens up the gamewith a pass throughthe cent rethe players shouldkeep on their ownside to avoid collisi-on and inj urythe players shouldbe encouraged tochallenge the oppo-nent and t ry diffe-rent kinds of fakesthe defender, B2,should go up to themiddle line to meetthe ball carrier, A1,so that A1 has t imeto make the fakeand st il l has space toshootthe defender shouldavoid hit t ing thest ick but use thebody to prevent theball carrier fromproceedingthe defenders posi-t ion should be lowand on toes, he/ sheshould be ready tochange direct ionquickly according tothe ball carrier andhave the upper handsside towards the ballcarrier

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1 A2

B2 B1

2◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 3.

ough previous drills have some game likeness in them, the situations can be made even more realistic. e main point is to create situations, usually one against one, but also two against one etc. where ball protection and ball handling are important. Often the easiest way to win these situations is a pass, however sometimes this is not possible. As said, creating game like drills also develops the player’s game sense at the same time as technical skills are practi-ced. By dribbling, one does not score, but it enables the player to proceed to a scoring position by moving or simp-ly winning a one against one situation. It is also important to be able to make such a decision whether to shoot, pass or dribble. On this level this decision making is a part of the technical drill itself.

Drill 37.Objective:

to create a oneagainst two situat i-on in the cornerto pract ice ballprotect ionto pract ice fakesfor the defensiveplayers to pract icedoubling, eitherin the offensive ordefensive zone

Organisation:players form threelines by the rink onthe middle linetwo defensiveplayers (non-ballcarriers) and oneoffensive player(ball carrier)one line with theballs

Execution:B1 passes the ballto the corner, or tothe goalkeeper whopasses the ball tothe cornerA1 runs after therelease ball andreaches it in thecornerB1 and B2 startsright after A1 todouble A1A1 t ries to get outfrom the corner:if B1 and B2 havet ime to double A1,A1 can either t ryto protect the balland pass it f rombetween the legsor to the sides toimaginary teammatesif B1 and B2 arelate from doublingand A1 has t imeto turn around, A1should t ry to chal-lenge B1 and B2 bymaking a fakethe situat ion isplayed unt il B1 andB2 gets possessionof the ball or unt ilthe ball is clearedoutside the areaor when the coachwhist les

•

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

1.

2.

•

Modi cations:the coach can alsopass a ball fromthe middle dot orthe ball can beshot Àrst to thegoalkeeper whereafter the goalkee-per passes the ballto the cornerthe imaginaryteam mates can bereplaced by realplayers and thesituat ion can beplayed unt il a shotin this case it hasto be determinedwhether A1 is onhis defensive oroffensive zone,and who is t ryingto score and who ist rying to clear thezone

Key points:A1 should be en-couraged to chal-lenge the opponentif t ime for a fakeB1 and B2 shouldbe ready to doubleA1 at the rightt imeA1 should be shownhow to protect theball correct ly andB1 and B2 to t ryto steal the ballcorrect ly, shoulderagainst shoulder

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1B1 B2

Passingdirections

Starting point-example

B1 and B2 latefrom doubling

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 38.Objective:

to pract ice ballprotect ion and ballhandlingto pract ice fakesto pract ice decisi-on making in twoagainst two situa-t ionsto develop theplayers abilit y tohold possession ofthe ball in a t ightsituat ion

Organisation:players are dividedin pairsthe rink is divided inquarterstwo couples in eachquarter

Execution:players start play-ing two against twogame when thecoach whist lesthe ball carrier hasto make a fake befo-re passing to a teammatewhen the opponentmanages to steal theball, the roles switchautomat icallygame is played unt ilthe coach whist lesthe length of theshift can be variedfrom 45 seconds to 2minutes where afterthere can be a shortrecovery break or theplayers can switchthe opponent

•

••

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:also other rules canbe implemented suchas, the couple withthe ball has to crossand make a drop passbefore passingthe drill can also beplayed using the cor-ner area, with goalsfacing the boards soa shot can be addedthis will emphasiseplay in a small areaand gaining a scoringchance in a t ightsituat ion (also seedrills 26 and 37)

Key points:head up (awarenessof both the teammate and the oppo-nents)the ball carrier hasto make a fake befo-re passingthe ball carrier hasto protect the balland dribble unt ilhe/ she is ready tomake a fakeplayers should be en-couraged to challen-ge the opponentboth defendingplayers should t ry todouble the ball car-rier and the other of-fensive player shouldcreate a passing laneby get t ing close tothe ball carrierthe other offensiveplayer can also crea-te space for the ballcarrier by screeningthe opponent

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Drill 39.Objective:

to pract ice ballprotect ion and ballhandlingto pract ice decisionmaking as a ballcarrier

Organisation:players are dividedin groups of three(or four with a sub-st itute player)rink divided in half ,with two goals oneach sidegoal cages can bereplaced by cones

Execution:three against threegameplayers are onlyallowed to passbackwardstherefore theyhave to dribble theball forward to passthe ball also has tobe passed to eachplayer once beforescoringevery t ime the op-ponent scores, theteam who didn’ tscore have to dopush-ups or sit -upswhich can also beexecuted after oneshif t

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:also man coverageemphasises thetechnical abil it y toprotect the ballthe game can alsobe played with onegoal using half ofthe rink as in drill27

Key points:players should beaware of where theopponent as well asthe team mates aresituatednon-ball carriersshould create pas-sing lanes behindthe ball carrier ashe/ she is allowedto only pass back-wardsthe rules should best rict ly followedand equal

•

•

•

•

•

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Individual tact ics

Game situat ion roles

e ball carrier has three options. First aim is to score, the-refore to shoot. e second option is to pass to a player who has even a better chance to shoot. e third option a ball car-rier has is to dribble the ball into a better position to shoot or pass. is demands reaction speed and the ability to read the game. Even though the ball carrier has the responsibili-ty to make the decision, the non-ball carriers also have the responsibility to assist him/her by screening, creating space and passing lanes etc. Inside the game, all the roles and du-ties interact. ey all demand the player’s ability to estimate space, speed, direction and time. e duties of di erent game situation roles are shown in the table, as well as the technical skills a player should possess in a certain role. It must be un-derstood however, that the roles switch very quickly during a game and a player is in a respective role only for a short period of time. With junior players these individual tactics should not be emphasised as they are shown in the table. is would probably end up with total confusion, so the roles and the duties should be introduced gradually in the progression with the development of the game sense.

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Offensive player with the ball Defending a player with the ball

Receiving a pass/ gaining the possession of the ballProtect ing the ballShootPassBy dribbling move to a bet ter posit ion to shoot orpass

•••••

Angling the ball carrier to less favourable areasDenying spaceStealing the ballBlocking passing lanesBlocking shotsReadiness to at tackAct ive man cover and slowing down the opponent

•••••••

Technical SkillsMovementSt ick handlingFakesPassingShoot ingProtect ion of the ball1 vs 1

•••••••

Technical SkillsChanging the direct ion of movementBlocking passing lanes and shotsSt ick obst ruct ionIntercept ions1 vs 1

•••••

Offensive player without the ball Defending a player without the ball

Create passing lanes by movingKeep close distance to the ball carrierCreate space for the ball carrierGet open for a pass or a shotScreen the goalkeeperReadiness to defend

••••••

Man coverBlocking passing lanesReadiness to at tackKeep eye contact on both the ball and the opponentStay between the opponent and own goal

•••••

Technical SkillsMovementScreeningFakesReceiving a pass1 vs 1

•••••

Technical SkillsChanging the direct ion of movementBlocking passing lanesCovering manSt ick obst ruct ion1 vs 1

•••••

Also the ability to outplay the opponent by transferring the situations from two against two to two against one, or even two against zero, is crucial. By creating zone power plays, (2 against 1, 3 against 2 or vice versa in a small area) helps the defending team to steal the ball from the opponent, and on the o ensive side, it always creates a better scoring possibi-lity.

To teach individual tactics to serve team tactics is an impor-tant issue, especially when trying to diminish sel shness in game situations. e players should be motivated to think and choose when to be sel sh, and when to pass or help team mates.

e next stage is therefore to teach the players how to read the situation and react with the best option. By adding more players to the drill forces the player to make a decision quick-ly according to the situation. e individual skills should be so well mastered that a player does not have to think about the technical execution during a game. is is of course a dream situation, because players hardly ever concentrate on the execution, especially young players, and therefore techni-cal skills should be practiced constantly.

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 1.

Almost all the previous drills contain individual tactical skills and decision making. All drills that have more than one option and the player is forced to make a decision, de-velops players ability to read the game.On the rst level the amount of options should be minimal and the drills should be simple. For young players simplicity means concentration on the obvious, decision making, and for more advanced players, the drills can be seen as warm up drills where they can, for example, concentrate on shoo-ting. It is always up to the coach which skill he/she wants to emphasise to the players. ree against zero situation is de-manding because of the amount of options which to choose from, and three against two situations because of the dec-reased amount of time and space.

Drill 40.Objective:

to pract ice decisionmaking, passing orshoot ingwarm up for thegoalkeeper

Organisation:players form twolines in the cornerswith ballscan be executedat both ends of therink

Execution:A1 starts by passinga hard cross Àeldpass to A2A2 receives the ballwhile movingboth players runtowards the middleline and the cent rewhere they crossA2 can either passback to A1 or givea drop pass whencrossingthe ball carriereither shoots orpassesafter execut ion,they will switchlines

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the Àrst pass canbe passed behindthe goal or by thegoalkeepercan also be exe-cuted using thewhole rink so thatthe drill is exe-cuted alternatelyfrom each end

Key points:players should beready to pass andreceive a passthe non-ball carriershould not getupset if he/ shewont receive a pass(emphasising theshoot ing)the execut ionshould be fast andnot contain morethan four to Àvepassesif the drill isexecuted using thewhole rink, theexecut ion fromboth ends canoverlap so that thenext couple startswhen the previousare crossing themiddle linein this case theplayers should headfor the scoringsector to avoidcollision

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1 A2

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 41.Objective:

to pract ice decisionmaking in oneagainst one situa-t ionthe player isforced to choosefrom dribbling orshoot ing

Organisation:the rink is dividedin half length wisethe players formtwo lines in eachside of the rinkone line in the cor-ner and one line bythe cent re spotballs in the corner

Execution:A1 starts from thecorner by passingto A2A2 passes backto A1 who takescont rol of the balland they play oneagainst one situat i-on in the other endof the rinkplayers at theother end executesthe sameafter the execut ionA1 becomesA2 andA2 becomes B1

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:can also beexecuted usingonly half of thecourt where afterreceiving the pass,A1 turns before themiddle linethis variat ion isused if there areless players or onlyone goalkeeperavailable

Key points:the emphasisshould be on ma-king the decisionwhether to dribbleand t ry to make afake, direct ing thedefender to theother direct ion orshoot if the defen-der is at a distancethe technical per-formance should beso well learnt thatwhether the ballcarrier decides toshoot or dribble,he/ she should gainthe scoring chance

•

•

•

•

Drill 42.Objective:

to pract ice decisionmaking in threeagainst one situa-t ionthe amount ofopt ions is increasedby the number ofplayers but the lar-ge amount of t imeand space shouldmake the decisionmaking easier forthe players

Organisation:players form fourlines in each cornerof the half rinkballs in one corner

Execution:B1 passes the ballbehind the goal toA1 and moves in toa defensive role infront of the goalareaA1 passes the ballto A2 and followsthe passA2 takes cont rol ofthe ball and simul-taneously A3 startsfrom respect iveside to run towardsA2

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A2 gives a droppass to A3there after theywill at tack while B1defendsafter the execut i-on, the lines willrotate in clockwiseorder

Modi cations:can also be exe-cuted Àrst withoutthe defender andalso with two de-fendersalso the whole rinkcan be used

Key points:the execut ionshould be fast andit should alwaysend up with a shotthe coach shouldlet the players Àrstmake their owndecisions and thenquest ion the deci-sions when givingfeedback

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

B1A1

A2

A3

3

4

A1

A2

B2

B1

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 43.Objective:

for the offensiveplayer to pract icedecision making,whether to shootor passto pract ice scoringand one againstone situat ion infront of the goal

Organisation:A1 in front of thegoal as an offensiveplayerB1 in front of thegoal defendingagainst A1A2 and A3 on therespect ive sidesrest of the playersform a line by themiddle spot withthe balls

Execution:A4 passes to A1who has to make adecision whetherto turn and shootif given enoughspace(Opt ion 1), orto pass to either A2or A3 (Opt ion 2)A2 and A3 shouldbe moving and as-sist A1 by creat ingpassing lanes andbe ready to shootquicklyB1 should t ry toobst ruct A1 frommaking the deci-sionif A1 passes toeither A2 or A3, B1should t ry to blockthe shotif A1 gives a pass toA2, A3 should t ry toscreen the goal-keeperafter the execut i-on, A1 becomesA2,A2 becomesA3, A3becomesA4, andA4 becomes B1

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Modi cations:the pass can alsobe an aerial pass,which makes itmore technicallychallenging for thereceiverit can also bedetermined thateither A2 or A3 hasto go and screenthe goalkeeper soA1 is left with onlyone passing oppor-tunitythis also forces thenon-ball carriers tomake a decision

Key points:A1 should cometowards the pass togain distance fromB1, who can turnand shootif B1 is able toclose the gap, A1should keep his/ herhead up to seewhom to pass totaking cont rolof the ball whenreceiving the passshould be fast andthe act ion follo-wing that j ust asfastA2 and A3 shouldbe ready to receivea pass and shoot ,or screen

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A3

B1

A1A2

Option 2

Option 1 A4

A4

A2 A3

A1B1

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 2.

By altering the amount of space and time changes the demand level of the drill. To force the player to make the decision quickly, and in a tight situation, develops the ability to do so also in a game. e situation is created by constantly altering the amount of players, which will auto-matically reduce both time and space therefore developing the players’ ability to make decisions.On the next level the amount of options are increased by the number of players. e drills are mostly continuous, therefore the players must be ready to read and react at all times. ese drills might not be suitable for beginners, but should be introduced as soon as the players are somewhat aware of the game situation roles.

Drill 44.Objective:

developing the abi-lit y to understandgame situat ion rolesand the differentopt ions a player hasin each roleto pract ice moving,passing, and readingthe opponent byblocking the passinglanes and man cover

Organisation:the rink divided inquarterstwo against twogame in each quar-tersee drill 38

Execution:coach signals for45-60 seconds shift s,where after theplayers switch theopponentthe aim is to playtwo against twowithout any part icu-lar rules

Modi cations:coach can add rulesto emphasise a spe-ciÀc skillto emphasise pas-sing the players areallowed to touch theball only twice, thenthey must pass to ateam matethe area can bemade smaller toemphasise protec-t ing the ball in t ightsituat ion

Key points:following all thefour games can bedifÀcult for the coa-ch which makes theplayers responsiblefor obeying the rulesst rict ly if rules areaddedplayers should keeptheir head up to seewhere both theirteam mate and theopponent is

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

0◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 45.Objective:

to pract ice decisionmaking in a twoagainst two situat i-on where all gamesituat ion roles arepresent and cons-tant ly changingt ransit ion fromeither defence tooffence or viceversa, dependingon the start ingsituat ion

Organisation:players form fourlines, two besideboth goalsthe goals can bebrought closertogether to makethe court smalleror the cages can beplaced in one endof the rink

Execution:the goalkeeperpasses the ball tothe Àrst at tackingcouple (A1 andA2). A1 and A2 willat tack two againstzerowhen the ball issaved by the goal-keeper or hit outof the boundaries,the goalkeeper willstart the at tackby passing anotherball to B1 or B2A1 and A2 willmake a fast t ransi-t ion from offenceinto defenceafter playing indefence against B1and B2, A1 and A2will return behindtheir own goal andanother couple, A3and A4 will start anat tack against B1and B2if A1 or A2 succeedsin stealing the ballf rom B1 and B2,they can imme-diately pass theball to A3 or A4the dril l cont inuesunt il the coaches

stops the drill

•

•

•

•

1.

2.

3.

•

•

•

Modi cations:to emphasise t ran-sit ion from defenceto offence, thedrill is started asa two against twosituat ion where:A1 and A2 willattack against B1and B2after the attack B1and B2 will attackagainst A3 and A4who have alreadypositioned themsel-ves in front of theirown goal to defendthe attack

Key points:in the beginning itis easier to instructthe players by tell-ing them whetherthey should attackor defend ¿rstthe players waitingfor their turn shouldbe ready to taketheir positionsthe defending play-ers should meet theattack at the middlelinein offence the play-ers should movetowards the middleline in order toreceive the passwhile movingthe goalkeepershould be readyto pass the ball assoon as he/shemakes a save orthe ball is hit out ofthe boundaries

•

◦

◦

•

•

•

•

•

B1

B2

A1A2

Phase 1

B1 B2

A1A2

A3

A4

Phase 2

A1

A2

A3A4

B1B2

Phase 3

► 1



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 46.Objective:

to pract ice decisionmaking in orderto get a scoringsituat ionto pract ice alldif ferent gamesituat ion roles anddeÀning opt ions inthe roles

Organisation:players form Àvelines at one end ofthe rink by the goallineballs in the sameend of the rink

Execution:A1 will start anat tack against thegoalkeeperafter a shot A1 willturn to defend anat tack by A2 whohas started as soonasA1 has crossedthe middle linewhen A2 hascrossed the middleline, B1, B2 andB3 will launch anat tack against A1and A2after the execut i-on, the lines willrotate in clock wiseorder

Modi cations:can also be exe-cuted in one end ofthe rinkplayers have to goaround the conesplaced by the mid-dle line

Key points:players should rota-te in right order tokeep the lines evenplayers should beready to make fastdecisions becausethey have to reactto the next situat i-on quicklyplayers shouldclear the courtright after theexecut ion to givespace for the nextplayers

•

•

•

•

1.

2.

3.

•

•

•

•

•

•

players should beaware of both theteam mates andthe opponentin one againstone situat ion, theball carrier shouldbe encouragedto challenge theopponent

•

•

A1

A2B1B2

B3

Phase 1

A1

A2B1

B2

B3

Phase 2

A1

A2

B3

B2

B1

Phase 3

2◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Level 3.

Drills on the third level are all executed with more than two players on each side. e main point is that players are aware of all the other players and their positions as well as their own role. is demands a high level of understanding and ability to read the game. With junior players, or begin-ners, it should not be expected that they are able to read the game and react to every situation accordingly, so the objec-tives should be explained staying on the level for the players.Performing di erent team tactics are included in the drills such as openings, transition and defensive tactics. Most im-portant are the individual skills that players have to per-form while playing according to a certain tactical system.

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 47.

Objective:to develop playersabilit y to read thegame situat ionby outplaying theopponentto pract ice quickt ransit ion fromdefence to offenceand the readinessto at tackto increase theamount of players,and therefore theamount of opt ionsgiven, to threeagainst three situ-at ionby decreasing theamount of t ime, todevelop the playersabilit y to makequick decisions

Organisation:players form twolines at the middleline near the rinkfacing their respec-t ive goalstwo players, B1 andB2 in front of theirown goal ready todefendballs are in the goalor on top of thegoal cage

Execution:Phase 1. A1 andA2 receives a passfrom the goalkee-per and they startan at tack againstB1 and B2. As soonasA1 and A2 havepassed the middleline, a third de-fensive player, B3,will back check,ready to receive anopening pass fromeither B1, B2 or thegoalkeeperPhase 2. when theball is saved, hitout of the bounda-ries or the defensi-ve players, in thiscase B1 or B2, getsthe possession ofthe ball, anotherat tack is launchedby B1, B2 and B3.A3 and A4 havenow posit ionedthemselves in frontof their own goal to

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

1.

2.

defend the at tack.A1 and A2 now jointhe start ing lines atthe middle of thecourtPhase 3. as soon asthe at tackers crossthe middle line,a back checker,A5, will assist thedefenders and ifthe defenders willget possession ofthe ball A5 is readyto at tack

Modi cations:the drill can beplayed as a twoagainst two situa-t ion Àrst , to makeit more simplefor the players tounderstandthe third playercan be added assoon as the playersunderstand therotat ion

Key points:the defendersshould be ready todefend and theyshould have thereadiness to at tackonce they gain thepossession of theballthere are variousopt ions playershave in each roleand they should beencouraged to usetheir creat ivitythe back checkershould be eitherready to receivethe opening pass,or be ready to rushto the slot as soonas the defendersget the possessionof the ballthe opponentshould be outp-layed by a fastt ransit ion with apower play situat i-on in the offensivezonethe power playsituat ion is crea-ted by the backchecker

3.

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

B1 B2

A1

A2

B3

A3A4

Phase 1

B3

B2

B1A1

A2

A3

A4

A5B4

B5

Phase 2

B4

B5

A3

A4

B1

B2

B3

Phase 3

A2

A1

◄



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Drill 48.Objective:

to pract ice decisionmaking in a twoagainst three situ-at ionto develop indivi-dual tact ic skills in:for the defensiveplayers to pract icefore checking inorder to get thepossession of theballfor the offensiveplayers (playerswith the ball) topract ice defendingby maintainingpossession of theball in their owndefensive zone andalso to pract icet ransit ion from de-fence to offencealso team tact icsis pract iced basedon the system theteam has chosen

Organisation:players form Àvelines in the otherend of the rinkbehind the goalthree defensiveplayers (B1, B2, B3)and two offensiveplayers (A1, A2)

Execution:the goalkeeperthrows a ball in thecornerA1 or A2 will startÀrst by running toget possession ofthe ballB1, B2 and B3 willrun after A1 andA2 in order to getpossession of theball by posit ioningthemselves in de-termined placesif the team haschosen to play witha top fore checker(using format ion1-2-2) only B1 isgoing to cover theball carrierif the team haschosen to doublethe ball carrier inthe corner, B1 andB2 will run afterthe ball carrier andB3 will cover theplayer without theball

•

•

•

◦

•

•

•

•

•

•

◦

◦

of course thesituat ion dependson the t iming ofthe players so theyhave to have someabilit y to read thesituat ionif A1 and A2 willsucceed in maintai-ning possession ofthe ball, they cancounterat tack onceif the fore checkerswill get possessionof the ball they willt ry to score, whileA1 and A2 posi-t ion themselves indefencethe dril l cont inuesunt il the coachwhist les

Modi cations:the court can bemade smaller byplacing the othergoal cage and thelines closer to theother end, but notcloser than themiddle line as inthe picturesalso a third offen-sive player, A3, canbe added to assistA1 and A2 if andwhen they get pos-session of the ball

Key points:players should beready to defendplayers should playaccording to thetact ic the teamis using in a forechecking situat ionaltering situat ionsshould be conside-red; if B1 goes af-ter the ball carrier,B2 and B3 shouldknow were to placethemselves andwhether to coverman or areaalso A1 and A2should be awareof the team matesposit ions; if forexample A1 goes tothe ball, A2 shouldbe close enough inorder to be openfor a pass and rea-dy to at tack

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

A1A2B1B2B3

Example of acounterattack

►



Passing

Movivvng with ball

Shooting




Cone

Conclusion

Hopefully this material will assist you as a coach to teach the players the technical and tactical skills in a game like environment. e emphasis is on bringing out the optimal and best performance in each player and to improve their ability to read the game. But above all, the most important thing is to encourage players to excel themselves through achievement and good performance and for you as a coach to see the improvement in each player and spread the ent-husiasm towards the game itself. Have a pleasant practice!

Bibliography

e education material of the Finnish Floorball Federation:Tekniikka- ja perustilanteet, 1999Salibandyn nuoriso- ja aikuisvalmennus 2006

Unihockey Techniques DVD, Swiss Unihockey Associa-tion/IFF, 2006

Decision Training, A New Approach to Coaching, Dr. J.N.Vickers, Faculty of Kinesiology and e National Coaching institute-Calgary, University of Calgary

Innebandytaktik, SISU Idrottsböcker/Swedish Floorball Federation, 2003

◄


►


Individual Technique and Tactics · 2018-08-10 · INDIVIDUAL TECHNIQUE AND TACTICS International...

Documents

Transcript of Individual Technique and Tactics · 2018-08-10 · INDIVIDUAL TECHNIQUE AND TACTICS International...