India's Contribution to world_ A Journey through Ages.ppt

8/10/2019 India's Contribution to world_ A Journey through Ages.ppt

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Let Noble Thoughts Come to us fromall Universe - Rig Veda

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Chronology of the pre-historic period of India

7000-4000 BCVedic Age3750 BC End of Rig Vedic Age

3000 BC End of Ramayana-Mahabharat Period

3000-2000 BC Development of Saraswati-Indus

Civilization

2200-1900 BC Decline of Indus and Saraswati

Civilization

2000-1500 BC Period of Complete chaos and migration

1400-250 BCPeriod of evolution of syncretic Hindu

culture


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The world's first university wasestablished in Takshila in 700 BC.

More than 10,500 students from all

over the world came here to study over

60 subjects.


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CONTRIBUTION

of Vedic Seers

It is true that even across the

Himalayan barrier India has sent to

the West, such gifts as grammar and

logic, philosophy and fables,

hypnotism and chess and above all

numerals and decimal system.

Will Durant(American Historian) 1885-1981


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Counting

Life of Universe = 100 Brahma years

1 Brahma Day (Day & Night) = 2 Kalp

1 Kalp = 14 Manvantar

1 Manvantar = 72 Mahayug 1 Mahayug = 10 Yug

=Kali Yug + Dwapar Yug ( 2 times

Kali) + Treta Yug ( 3 times Kali) +

Satya Yug ( 4 times Kali)

1 Yug = 432,000 solar years


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Counting---- Tatitreeya Samhita 7-2-20-1in 100 BCE

1 Ekam

10 Dasham

100 Shatam

103 Sahasram 105 Lakshaha

107 Kotihi

109 Ayutam

1011Niyutam

1013Kankaram

1015Vivaram

1017Parardhaha

1019Nivaahaha

1021Utsangaha

1023Bahulam

1025Naagbaalaha

1027Titilambham

1029Vyavasthaana

Pragnaptihi

1031Hetuheelam

1033Karahuhu


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Counting---- Tatitreeya Samhita 7-2-20-1in 100 BCE

1035Hetvindreeyam

1037Samaapta lambhaha

1039Gananaagatihi

1041Niravadyam 1043Mudraabaalam

1045Sarvabaalam

1047Vishamagnagatihi

1049Sarvagnaha

1051Vibhtangamaa

1053Tallaakshanam

In Anuyogdwaar Sutra

100 BCE one numeral is

raised as high as 10140

The highest prefix used

for raising 10 to a power

in Todays Mathsisfor 1030


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MATHEMATICIAN TIME PERIOD

Baudhayana (700 B.C.E.) Apastamba (600) Katyayana (500)

Umaswati (150 B.C.E.)

Aryabhata (476-c. 550 C.E.) computation of pi as3.1416 and the length of a solar year as 365.358 days.

Varahamihira (c. 505-c. 558)

Brahmagupta (c. 598-c. 670)

Govindaswami (c. 800-850) Mahavira (Mahaviracharya) (850)


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Pruthudakaswami (850)

Sridhara (900)

Manjula (930)

Aryabhata II (950) Prashastidhara (958)

Halayudha (975)

Jayadeva (1000)


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Sripathi (1039)

Hemachandra Suri (b. 1089)

Bhaskara (1114-c. 1185)

Cangadeva (1205) Madhava of Sangamagramma (c. 1340-

1425)

Narayama Pandit (1350) Paramesvara (1360-1455)

Nilakantha Somayaji (1455-1555)


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Sankara Variar (c. 1500-1560)

Narayana (c. 1500-1575)

Jyesthadeva (550)

Acyuta Pisarati (c. 1550-1621)

Putumana Somayaji (c. 1660-1740)

Jaganath Pandit (1700)

Sankara Varman (1800)


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Vedic AstronomyHighest & Smallest Units of Time

Maha Kalpa or Brahma Ayu

is the largest Unit of Time

= 311,040,000,000,000 solar years. TRUTI

is the smallest Unit of Timedefined as a

period taken in passing a needle throughthe lotus leaf!

= 33,750th part of a Second


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Truti& Smaller Units of Time

TRUTI = 33,750th fraction of a second

100 Truti = 1 Tatpara

45 Tatpara = 1 Nimesha

3 Nimesh = 1 Vipala = 0.4 seconds

30 Nimesha = 1 Prana = 4 secs = 10 Vipalas

60 Vipalas = 1 Pala = 24 seconds

60 Palas = 1 Ghatika = 24 Minutes60 Ghatikas = 1 Ahoratra = 24 Hours

2 Ghatkas = 1 Muhurta = 48 Minutes


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Vedic Astronomy

Divisions of a Day (1 Day = Ahoratra)

1 Day = 60 Ghatikas (24 Minutes)

= 30 Muhurtas (48 Minutes)

= 24 Hours

* 10 Vipalas = 1 Prana = 4 seconds

*2 Ghatikas = 1 Muhurta = 48 Minutes *2.5 Ghatikas = 1 Hora = 1 Hour


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Medium Units of Time

7 Divas = 1 Saptah = 1 week

15 Divas = 1 Paksha = 1 Fortnight

2 Paksha = 1 Maas = 1 Month

2 Maas = 1 Ritu = 1 Season

4 Maas = 1 Chatur Maas = 4 Months

6 Maas = 1 Ayana = 6 months

12 Maas = 1 Varsha = 1 Year


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Divisions Of Maas & Varsh

2 Paksas - Fortnights- Shukla Paksha (Bright Half of Moon)

- Krishna Paksha (Dark Half of Moon)

12 Maas: MonthsChaitra, Vaishakh Jyeshtha AshaadhShravan Bhadrapad Ashwin KartikMargasheersh Paush Maagh Falgun

6 Ritus Seasons

Vasant, Gresshma, Varsha,Sharad, Hemant, Sishir

2 Ayanas Uttarayan Dakshinayan


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Sanskrit Terminologies

Hiranyagarbha = Cosmic EggNeeharika = Nebula

Krishnatara = Black Hole

Dhumaketu = Comet Griha = Planet

Upa-Griha = Satellite

Ulka = Meteorites


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Vedic Physics

Measurement of Length

8 Paramanu = 1 Trasarenu

8 Trasarenu = 1 Renu

8 Renu = 1 Balagna 8 Balagna = 1 Likhya

8 Likhya = 1 Yuka

8 Yuka = 1 Yava

8 Yava = 1 Angula 24 Angula = 1 Hasta

4 Hasta = 1 Danda

2000 Danda = 1 Krosha

4 Krosha = 1 Yojana

1 Danada = 1 Metre 1Angula = 1.0416 cm

Circumference of earth -

Sulva Sidhanta and

Modern Science are same 4.02x107 Danda

4 X 107 Metre


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Vedic Physics

Measurement of Mass

10 Krishnala = 1 Maasha

16 Maasha = 1 Suvarna Pala (Gold Pala)

32 Maasha = 1 Raupya Pala (Silver Pala)

48 Maasha = 1 Lauha Pala (Iron Pala)

Many other Forms of Weight

were also in usage


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Vedic Physics

Temperature (Linka)

1 Pralinka = 1 Padakakshya = 0.885o C

4 Pada Kakshya = 1 Kakshya = 3.54o C

6 Kakshya = 1 Linka = 21.24o C

113 Pada Kakshya = Boiling Pt of water = 100o C

101 Kakshya = Boiling Pt of Mercury = 357o C

50 Linka = Boiling Point of Gold = 1062o C

The temp between Freezing Pt of Water and

Melting Pt of Gold is divided into 50 Linkas


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Vedic Physics

Speed of Light

1300 AD

l Sayanacharya

PM of Vijayanagar Emperor Bukka I Speed of Light

2,202 Yojanas in half Nimesha

= 186,536 miles per second

West only in 17 century !!


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Vedic Physics - Speed of Light

2,200 Yojanas in Half Nimesha

Acc to Mahabharat Shanti Parva (3,000 BC)

Half Nimesha = 8/75 Secs

1 Yojana = 9 miles, 110 yards

= 9.0625 miles

Hence Velocity of Light= 187, 084.1 miles/ sec

Acc to Monier Williams 1 Yojana = 4 Kroshas

= 9 miles Hence Vel of Light is 186,413.22 miles/ sec

Acc to Michelson & Morley (20th century AD)

Vel of Light = 186,300 miles /sec


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Earth Sun Measurements

Magic of 108 [holy number!]

108 Times THE Diameter Of Earth

= Diameter of Sun

108 Times the diameter of Sun

= Distance between Sun & Earth

108 Times the diameter of Moon

= Distance between Earth & Moon


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4 Vedas 6 Vedangas 4 Upa Vedas 4 Upangas

Rig

Yajur

Sama

Atharva

Siksha(Phonetics)

Vyakarana

(Grammer)

Chhandas(Metres)

Niruktam

(Etymology)

Jyotisham

(Astronomy)

Kalpam

(ceremonies)

Ayurveda (Charak

Samhita)

Dhanurveda

(Vishwamitra)

Gandharva Veda (Bharat

Muni)

Stapathya Veda & Artha

Shastra (Bhrugu Ved

Vyas)

Mimamsa

(Jaimini)

Nyaya

(Rishi Gautam)

Puranas

(Ved Vyas)

Dharma Shastras

(Manu, Parashar,

Yajnavalkya etc)

Chatur Dasha Vidya or 14 Books of Knowledge


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Ancient Indian Medicine

Ayurved

Ashwini Kumars,

Dhanvantari,

Sushrut, Charak

Trigunas & Tridoshas

Rani Vishpala

artificial limbs


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Branches of Ayurveda

Vanaspati Sastra Botany

Vruksha Sastra Horticulture

Prani Sastra Zoology, Veternary Sc

Deha Tatva Physiology

Rasayan Sastra Chemistry


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Ayurved

Types of Treatments

LEP Oil, Ointment, Plaster

VAMANAM Vomiting

VIRECHANAM Dysentery

SHWETANAM Sweating

SNEHANAM Oil massageNASYAM sneezing


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Plastic Surgery 2,600 years ago

Sushruta600 BCE

father of surgery and Plastic surgery

used cheek skin to restore/ reshape nose,ears, lips

Modern Rhinoplasty is called Indian

Plastic Surgery

125 types of surgical instruments


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Let Noble Thoughts Come to us fromall Universe - Rig Veda 29

125 Types of Surgical Instruments

The Hindus (Indians) were so

advanced in surgery that theirinstruments could cut a hair

longitudinally.

Mrs Plunket


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Sushruta 600 BCE

125 Types of Surgical Instruments

Scalpels, lancets, needles,

catheters, rectal speculums,

mostly from the Jaws of animals/ Birds

Stitching by Horse hair, fine thread,fibers of bark, goats guts, ants head


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Sushruta 600 BCE

300 Different Operations

Sushruta has described

l more than 300 types of operations

l 42 surgical processes

Surgery divided into 8 types


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Sushruta 600 BCE8 Types of Surgery

Aahaaryam=extracting solid bodies

Bhedyam = excision

Chhedyam= incision

Aeshyam = probing

Lekhyam =

scarification

Vedhyam = puncturing

Visraavyam =

evacuating fluids

Seevyam= suturing


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Let Noble Thoughts Come to us fromall Universe - Rig Veda 33YOGA


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Influence of Yoga & Meditation

10% in USA practice Yoga & Meditation

even without any missionary work

Because it works

> 100 Yoga organizations in Singapore


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DHANUR VED

4 Types of Armies (Dharma Neeti)

Rath, Gajah, Ashwa, Pada

1 AKSHOHINI is 218,700 sainiks

21,870 Ratha Saniks

21,870 Gajah Sainiks

65,610 Ashwa Sainiks109,350 Pada Sainiks

18 Akshonis in Mahabharata War


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Ancient Indian Art

GANDHARVA VED

64 Arts Chatush

Shashti Kalamayi

Indrajal, SamudrikaLakshanam, Antadi,

Samasya Purnam,

Ratna Pariksha

Krishi Sashtra, PaakSashtra

GANDHARVA VED


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GANDHARVA VED

Sangeetam= Music is

Geetam, Vadyam, Narthanam= Vocal- Instrumental - Dance

(Lord Krishna, Nataraj, Saraswati,Ganesh, Hanuman)

4 Types of Vadhyams(Musical Instruments)

l Tantra Vadhyam (Veena, Sitar)

l

Randra (Flute, Shenoy, Nadas)l Charma (Mridanga, Dhol,)

l Loha Vad (Jalra, Kadam, Bell)


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GANDHARVA VED

Vikramaditya invited by Indra

to Swarga to decide who is a

better dancer - Urvasi or

Rambha.

Vikramaditya gives them two

garlands and asks them to

dance holding the garland intheir hands.


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GANDHARVA VED

Urvasi holds the garland

softly and dances.

Rambha holds the G tightlyand so the scorpion hidden

inside the G stings her and she

throws G away.

URVASI is declared the

winner.


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GANDHARVA VED

Sangeetam= Music is

Geetam, Vocal

Vadyam, Instrumental

Narthanam Dance

(Lord Krishna, Nataraj,Saraswati, Ganesh, Hanuman)

Nritya = Dance


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Nritya = Dance

Nritya = Dance has 3 Aspects

Ang SanchalanMovement of diff parts

of the body Bhava Expression of

Emotions

Abhinaya Acting

N it E t


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Nritya Experts

Lord Shiva, Vishnu,

Parvati, Ganesh, Krishna,

Lasya of Parvati andTandava of Nataraj

Indra Marut, Apsaras Arjun

Th C t i f D i


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Three Categories of Dancing

Nritta Pure Dance

Nritya Dance withGestures (Nritta + Abhinaya)

Natya Dramaturgy

Nritya performed to wordssung in musical melody

N it E t


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Let Noble Thoughts Come to us from

all Universe - Rig Veda

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Nritya Experts

Natya Shastra

Bharat Muni

Abhinaya Darpan

Sangeet Ratnakar

Treatise on Dancing


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Treatise on Dancing

Natya Shastra of Bharat Muni

(Panchama Veda 5th

Veda)

Abhinaya Darpan of Nandikesvara

Sangeet Ratnakar of Sarang Dev There is no wise maxim, no learning, no art or

craft, no device, no action that is not found indrama. Hence I have devised the drama in which

all the departments of knowledge, different artsand various actions meet.Bharata Muni at thebeginning of Natya Shastra

6 Forms of Indian Classical Dance


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6 Forms of Indian Classical Dance

Bharata Natyam Tamil Nadu oldest

Kathak North India

Manipuri North East India - India-Burma border

Orissi Orissa Rani Gumpha caves

Kuchipudi Andhra Pradesh

Kathakali Kerala Story + Play

Non Classical Dances


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Non Classical Dances

Hundreds of Folk Dances

Jhumara of Rajasthan

Bhangra of Punjab

Garba of Gujarat

Chhau of Mayurbhanj (Orissa)

Mohiniattam of Kerala

Theruk-Kuthhu of Tamil Nadu

Yakshagana of Karnataka

Bh t N t


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Bharata Natyam

Bharta Muni

Bha Bhava Emotions

Ra Rag Melody

Ta Tal Rhythm The 3 essential elements of Bharata Natyam

Bharata Natyam is famous for

Special Mudras Symbolic Hand Poses

Abhinaya Gestural expressions face & limbs

A i I di A


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Ancient Indian Art

Ajanta Paintings

1500 years ago

used vegetablecolours

Abused by monkeys,forest and weather

for 1000 years

A i t I di E i i


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Ancient Indian Engineering

STHAPATHYA VED

Mohan Jo Daro, Harappa

l Gold from Kolar

l

Marble from Rajasthanl Copper

Town Planning

Lothal Sea Port,

No display of wealth or

rich graves

A i t I di E i i


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Ancient Indian Engineering

STHAPATHYA VED

Angkor Wat in Cambodia Suryavarman

10th century.

Temples in Borobudur and Prambanan inIndonesia


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Vedic Life Styles

4 Purusharthas Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha

4 AshramasBrahmacharya, Grihasta, Vanaprasta, Sanyasa

4 Yoga Karma, Bhakti, Dhyana, Jnana

4 CastsBrahmana, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra


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Vedic Life Styles

Shad Ripus 6 enemies within

Kama Desire

Krodha AngerLobha Avarice

Moha Lust

Mada Fanaticism

Matsya Hatred

A t Ph i i t


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Astro_Physicist

Chandera Shekhar

Mathematician Chandra Shekhar

calculated the maximum size of a

star.

The scientists now call it the

Chandera Shekhar Limit.


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Mathematician Ramanujan

Ramanujan was a great mathematician who

worked with Prof Hardy of Cambridge to

discover the theory of probability.

Even Hardy gave 100 out of 100 for pure

talent to Ramanujan and only gave himself25. Such was his respect for Ramanujan


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Shunya or the Concept of Zero

The concept of zero

and decimal wasdiscovered by Hindu

sages in Bharat.


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Vedic Mathematics

By ancient Hindu

Mathematics called VedicMathematics, one can solve

most mathematical

problems by mental one ortwo lines.


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Maths Quiz & Points

5 out of 4 people have trouble with fractions. 42.67% of statistics are made just on the spot.

How many alphabets are there in ABCD,

What is an Anagram?

A Decimal Point. Ima dot in place.

Eleven plus two. Twelve plus one.

Doctor gave 3 pills to a patient and asked him to

take one every half an hour. How long will he need

to take all the three pills.

Divide 30 by half and Add 10. How much it is?


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Maths Quiz & Points

MAHAVIRA - 9th century AD A,B, C found a Purse. If A (or B or C)

should take this purse he becomes

twice (or 3 times or 5 times) as rich asthe other two persons put together.

Give in smallest integers the amount

each had originally. Also state how

much money was found in the purse.

Ans. 1, 3, 5 Purse = 15

A+P = 2b+2c; B+P = 3A+3C; C+P= 5A+5B


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Maths Quiz & Points

Bhakshali Manuscripts - found in4th century AD near Peshawar

A had 7 Horses, B had 9 Cows, C had 10

camels.

A gives 1 horse each to B and C

B gives 1 Cow each to A and C

C gives 1 Camel each to A and BNow A,B and C are equally rich in

terms of animals. Find in lowest terms

the prices of each of the 3 animals.


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Maths Quiz & Points

Bhakshali Manuscripts - found in4th century AD near Peshawar

Ans: 4H = 6C = 7 Cam

Ans: 21 : 14 : 12 Rupees Steps

H C Cam (7,9,10)

A 5 1 1 B 1 7 1

C 1 1 8


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Indian Philosophy Teaches

True Philosophy of PEACE

Lessons of HARMONY

World is one Family

Let Noble Thoughts come to us from all

directions.

Unity in Diversity

Truth-God is ONE. Scholars see it variously

Let every one be happy and free from disease.


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Care for Animals & Plants

Care & Respect Animals - Naag Panchami

Vahans of Gods - Bull, Peacock, Mouse,

Garud, Cows, Lion, Swan, Owl,

COWS worshipped by farmers - Sankranti

Vegetarianism Flowers, fruits offered to God, TULASI,

Neem, Grass,


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Care for Nature

VEDIC PEACE PRAYER

May there be Peace in Heaven and on Earth.

May the Skies, the Water, the Plants, andthe Trees be Peaceful.

May Peace, Real Peace prevail in all.

The Prayer warns man not to disturb nature.Not to abuse, pollute or destroy our surroundings.


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Vedic Stories

Indra, Vrittasur and the sacrifice of Rishi Dadichi

Brahmas advise to Asuras, Manavas and

Devatas meditate on Da (Daya, Dana,

Dama - Compassion, Charity, Austerity)

To take meals with one hand tied

Brahmas advise meditate on yourself

(body, mind, budhhi, atma)

Q t ti f V d


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Quotations from Vedas

Anobhadraha Tritavo Yantu Vishwatah (Let noble

thoughts come to us from all universe)

Avibhaktam Vibhakteshu

(Unity in Diversity)

Ekam Sat Vipraha Bahudha Vadanti

(Truth-God is one. Scholars see it variously)

Satyam Eva Jayate (Truth Alone Triumphs)

Sarvepi Sukhinah Santu,

Sarve Santu Niramayah

V di Ci ili ti


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Vedic Civilization

The ancient civilisation ofIndia differs from those of

Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece,

in that its traditions have

been preserved without

breakdown to the present

day.

Arthur Basham, the famous

Australian Historian

i i hil h


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Practicing philosophy..

Indians in 10,000 years,

have never colonized any country

have never looted, plundered and

enslaved any country economically,


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Dhanyavad [Thank you]

India's Contribution to world_ A Journey through Ages.ppt

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