INDIA’S CONCERNS REGARDING PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE DEVELOPMENT BY GRPE
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INDIA INDIA’S CONCERNS INDIA’S CONCERNS REGARDING REGARDING PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT BY GRPE BY GRPE Geneva 22-25 June 2004 Informal Document No. WP.29- 133-10 (133rd WP..29, 22-25 June 2004, agenda items 5.2. and B.2.3.11.)
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Informal Document No. WP.29-133-10 (133rd WP..29, 22-25 June 2004, agenda items 5.2. and B.2.3.11.). INDIA’S CONCERNS REGARDING PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE DEVELOPMENT BY GRPE. Geneva. 22-25 June 2004. Two wheelers. Cars,Jeeps & Taxies. Goods Vehicles. Three wheelers. Buses. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of INDIA’S CONCERNS REGARDING PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE DEVELOPMENT BY GRPE
INDIA
INDIA’S CONCERNSINDIA’S CONCERNSREGARDINGREGARDING
PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE PROPOSED WMTC CYCLE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT
BY GRPEBY GRPE
Geneva22-25 June 2004
Informal Document No. WP.29-133-10(133rd WP..29, 22-25 June 2004, agenda items 5.2. and B.2.3.11.)
INDIA
Fleet composition of all vehiclesFleet composition of all vehicles
Two wheelers
Three wheelers
Cars,Jeeps & Taxies
Buses
Goods Vehicles
Others (Tractors,Trailors & miscellaneous)
Three Wheelers4%
(2.37 million)
Cars, Jeeps and Taxies13%
(7.69 million)
Buses 1%
(0.59 million)
Goods Vehicles5%
(2.96 million)
Others(Tractors, Trailors and miscellaneous)
6%(3.55 million)
Two Wheelers71%
(42 million)
INDIA
Two wheeler fleet composition in IndiaTwo wheeler fleet composition in India
75 - 125 cc73.7%
<75 cc11%
>250 cc0.5%125 - 250 cc
14.9%<75 cc
75 - 125 cc
125 - 250 cc
>250 cc
In India,85% of vehicles are having engine capacity less than 125 cc, whereas in Europe (35%), Japan (31%) and US (7%).
INDIA
Usage Pattern in IndiaUsage Pattern in India
Quite different from many other countries
Initial cost and fuel economy are highest priority
more a utility and family oriented vehicle
Small entrepreneurs and formers conduct their business carrying loads
Very limited usage for sport
INDIA
CO HC+Nox
For Ref. Mass 170 kg ; * Only for HC ** Under Discussion
14.25
8.5*
4.53.6
2 21.5 1.5 1.0 1.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Year 1991
- 1996 2000 2005 2008**
Em
iss
ion
s g
/km
)Indian Emission Norms for 2 WheelersIndian Emission Norms for 2 Wheelers
INDIA
Indian Driving CycleIndian Driving Cycle
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 20 40 60 80 100TIME(sec)
SP
EE
D(k
m/h
r)
Time DistanceAvg.
SpeedMax. Speed
Max. accel.
Max DecelIdle time
ratioAccel.
Time ratioDecel time
ratio
Cruise time ratio
sec km km/h km/h m/s2 m/s3 % % % %IDC
(6 Cycles)648 3.948 21.93 42 0.65 0.63 14.81 38.89 34.26 12.04
INDIA
Comparison of IDC and WMTC part 1 special cycleComparison of IDC and WMTC part 1 special cycle
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 100 200 300 400 500 600TIME(sec)
SP
EE
D(k
m/h
r)
IDC WMTC part 1 special
INDIA
Comparison of IDC and WMTC part 1 cycleComparison of IDC and WMTC part 1 cycle
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 100 200 300 400 500 600TIME (sec)
SPEE
D(km
/hr)
IDC WMTC part 1
INDIA
Comparison of IDC and WMTC part 2 cycleComparison of IDC and WMTC part 2 cycle
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 100 200 300 400 500 600TIME(sec)
SP
EE
D(k
m/h
r)
IDC WMTC part 2
INDIA
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0 100 200 300 400 500 600TIME(sec)
SP
EE
D(k
m/h
r)
IDC WMTC part 3
Comparison of IDC and WMTC part 3 cycleComparison of IDC and WMTC part 3 cycle
INDIA
Time Distance Avg speed Max.Speed Max.accel Max.decel
sec km km/h km/h m/s2 m/s2
IDC 648 3.948 21.93 42.0 0.65 0.63Part 1 special 600 3.940 23.6 50.0 2.00 2.00Part 1 600 4.070 24.4 60.0 2.51 2.00Part 2 600 9.110 54.7 94.9 2.68 2.02Part 3 600 15.740 94.4 125.3 1.56 2.00
WMTC cycle (ver.8)
IDC and WMTC cycle detailsIDC and WMTC cycle details
Idle time ratio
Acceleration time ratio
Deceleration time ratio
Cruise time ratio
% % % %IDC 14.81 38.89 34.26 12.04Part 1 special 17 27.3 28.7 27.0Part 1 17 28.3 28.2 26.5Part 2 7.3 35.5 28.3 28.8Part 3 2.5 25.7 18.5 53.3
WMTC cycle (ver.8)
Vehicle < 50 cc & Vmax < 50 Km/hr does not find classification in WMTC.
INDIA
Drive cycle Comparison – WMTC Part 1 Vs IDC (on acceleration basis)
Vehicle Acceleration in Drive cycles - WMTC Vs IDC
-2.50-2.25-2.00-1.75-1.50-1.25-1.00-0.75-0.50-0.250.000.250.500.751.001.251.501.752.002.252.50
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Time, sec
Acc
ln, m
/se
c²
WMTC Accln (Theo)
IDC Accln (Theo), m/s²
INDIA
IDC and WMTC cycle detailsIDC and WMTC cycle details contd.contd.
Most of Indian Two Wheelers will fall under class 1 of WMTC(sub-classes 1-1, 1-2, 1-3) and a few in Class 2 (sub-class 2-1).
Mopeds < 50 cc with max. speed of 50 km/h does not find place in any classification specified by WMTC.
Most of Indian two Wheelers find difficulty to negotiate steep acceleration ramps designed in WMTC cycle - around 170/200 secs. and 510/570 secs. portions of the cycle.
Models of 350 cc / 500 cc Motorcycle with low power and high Engine capacity will fall under Class 2 (sub class 2-3 / 2-4)would not represent the actual operating conditions.
INDIA
IDC Vs WMTC CO (g/km) Results comparison
(Nov 2003)
0.50.70 0.62 0.77
0.43
5.3
3.6
1.2
3.2
2.2
4.9
2.9
1.8
0.9
7.4
0.70.6
1.01.3
1.91.7
0.97
6.8
2.3
27.3
4.9
2.4
10.6
2.8
3.3
0
3
6
9
12
15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Vehicle Model
Re
su
lt in
g/k
m
IDC WMTC
30
25
INDIA
IDC Vs WMTC HC (g/km) Results comparison
(Nov 2003)
0.7
2.1
1.2
0.780.67 0.72
0.60.7
1.7
2.5
1.7
0.9
0.5 0.50.43
0.4
0.90.9 0.8 0.9
0.7
0.961.09
0.90.90.9
2.1
0.6 0.70.7
0.0
0.6
1.2
1.8
2.4
3.0
3.6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Vehicle Model
Res
ult
in
g/k
m
IDC WMTC
INDIA
IDC Vs WMTC NOx(g/km) Results comparison
(Nov 2003)
0.43
0.01
0.220.25
0.280.31
0.15
0.05
0.19 0.20
0.040.02
0.46
0.27
0.39
0.230.22
0.38
0.10
0.240.27
0.03
0.50
0.37
0.80
0.37
0.29
0.45
0.65
0.18
0.00
0.15
0.30
0.45
0.60
0.75
0.90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Vehicle Model
Res
ult
in g
/km
IDC WMTC
INDIA
IDC Vs WMTC CO2 (g/km) Results comparison
(Nov 2003)
26.028.3
37.0
29.8
42.6
50.0
41.2
26.5
31.529.7
35.532.5
30.634.6
37.8
56.8
47.8
29.1
34.232.331.9
35.132.9
27.9
41.6 40.9
34.738.9
48.753.4
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Vehicle Model
Re
su
lt in
g/k
m
IDC WMTC
INDIA
IDC Vs WMTC Fuel consumption(km/ltr) Results comparison (Nov 2003)
69.7 68.3 69.5
51.1
57.0
48.043.9
56.3
81.1
62.264.058.6
63.768.4
62.2
56.9
34.1
44.0 42.2
64.4
56.150.9
57.8
68.0
45.948.8
45.1
53.6
40.8
23.4
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Vehicle Model
Res
ult
in
km
/ltr
IDC WMTC
INDIA
IDC Vs WMTC Fuel consumption(kmpl) comparison IDC Vs WMTC Fuel consumption(kmpl) comparison
continuedcontinuedComparison of fuel consumption (kmpl) under actual operating condition on road and fuel consumption recorded on Driving Cycle can be a good reference to determine the effectiveness of the cycle to represent the actual operating conditions.
In past few years, we find that there is good correlation between fuel consumption values recorded on IDC and field data from customers.
Fuel consumption values on WMTC cycle would not represent the actual driving conditions in India.
This is corroborated by high value of CO readings recorded on WMTC compared to IDC.
INDIA
ObservationsObservations
India’s traffic pattern is heterogeneous which comprises of cyclist, mopeds, 2&3 wheelers, transport vehicles, buses and slow moving vehicles.
WMTC does not take into account ground reality of India having 40 million 2-wheelers, perhaps the largest in the world
High acceleration & speeds specified in WMTC are not relevant to Indian vehicles. Indian vehicles have low speed, low acceleration and are lean tuned to suit city driving & fuel economy.
Indian driving cycle is formulated after collecting real world data from major cities representing actual driving pattern.
INDIA
ObservationsObservations
WMTC cycle as its stands now, would not be suitable for implementation in India and would affect 5 million two wheelers coming on to Indian roads annually..
From International Harmonization point of view the currently proposed WMTC would not cater for requirement of developing countries like India.
Need for having two driving cycles, one for developing countries and other for developed countries. It may be necessary to consider the driving cycle based on Indian driving cycle, for all developing countries like India.
INDIA
