Indian Space Exploration Missions

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Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions AIAA 2010-0973 48 th Aerospace Sciences Meeting (ASM) Orlando, FL By Prasad Sundararajan January 6, 2010

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An overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions 2010

Transcript of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Page 1: Indian Space Exploration Missions

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

AIAA 2010-0973

48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting (ASM)Orlando, FL

ByPrasad Sundararajan

January 6, 2010

Page 2: Indian Space Exploration Missions

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Indian Space Program (ISP) Application Oriented - Telecom, Remote Sensing, Meteorology Strategic Framework – Space Policy Goals Emerging Trend –Space Exploration Missions

Indian Space Exploration Program (ISEP) – Mission Architecture Lunar Exploration – Chandrayaan 1 (2008/09) & Chandrayaan 2 (2013) Space Astronomy – Astrosat (2010), Aditya (2012) Microgravity Research

– Space Capsule Recovery Experiment: SRE 1 (2007) & SRE 2 (2010) Human Spaceflight Program – first LEO mission by 2015-20 Planetary Exploration

– Future Missions to Mars (2014), Asteroids/ Comets (2016) and Outer Solar System (2018+)

ISEP – Technology Development

ISEP - Economics & Future Missions

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Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

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Chandrayaan-1 Mission

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Objectives: Place an unmanned spacecraft in polar orbit around the moonConduct mineralogical and chemical mapping of the entire lunar surface (95%)Upgrade technological base for future planetary missions

Orbit: Lunar Polar Orbit at 100 KM CircularLaunched by Indian PSLV XL.

Timeline: Oct 22, 2008 - Aug 29, 2009

Spacecraft: Basic architecture derived from the IRS satellite bus, Spacecraft weight 1380 kg.

Single solar panel generated 700 W power.

Onboard liquid engine with 440 N performed orbit raising maneuvers.

Eleven Science Instruments (six foreign)

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Chandrayaan-2 Mission

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Objectives: Investigate the origin and evolution of the Moon with improved versions of Chandrayaan-1 instruments for imaging, mineralogy and chemical analysis Study of lunar radiation environment with alpha and neutron spectrometers

Timeline: 2013 (Launch by Indian PSLV/ GSLV)

Spacecraft: Lunar Orbiter basic architecture derived from the IRS satellite bus.

Russian Lunar Lander & Rover

Indian Lunar Orbiter & Mini-Rover

In-situ analysis of lunar regolith by instruments carried by rovers

Chandrayaan-2 Indian Lunar Rover

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ASTROSAT Mission

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Objectives: Simultaneous multi-wavelength monitoring of intensity variations in a broad range of cosmic sources (but not the best sensitivity/ resolution)Monitoring the X-ray sky for new transientsSky surveys in the hard X-ray and UV bandsBroadband spectroscopic studies of X-ray binaries, AGN, SNRs, clusters of galaxies and stellar coronaeStudy of periodic and non-periodic variability of X-ray sources

Timeline: 2010-2015 (Launch by Indian PSLV)

Orbit: 650 km altitude circular orbit, with an orbital inclination of 8°

Spacecraft: Basic architecture consists of a three-axis stabilized satellite (1650 kg), with a capability for orientation maneuvers and attitude control. Pointing accuracy of about one arc-second.

Multi-wavelength Indian Astronomy Satellite

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SRE 1 & 2 Missions

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Objectives: Develop and demonstrate capability to recover an orbiting capsule back to earth and to carryout micro-gravity experiments in orbit.

Timeline: SRE-1 (Jan. 10-22, 2007); Polar SSO at 635 km. Launched as a co-passenger on PSLV-C7. Recovered from Indian Ocean.SRE-2 (2010); LV: PSLV

Spacecraft: Technologies tested in SRE-1 include navigation, guidance and control systems, hypersonic aero-thermo dynamics, communication black-out management, deceleration and flotation systems.

SRE-2: Three experiments to be conducted(1)Growth of E-coli cells in a bio-reactor(2)Effect of space radiation and micro-gravity on seeds of rice and medicinal plants (JAXA)(3)Study the effect of microgravity on photosynthesis on a culture of bacteria

Space Capsule Recovery Experiment

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Human Spaceflight Program

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Objectives: Develop a fully autonomous manned space vehicle to carry two crew to 400 km LEO and safe return to earth after mission duration of few orbits to 2 days extendable up to 7 days. Rendezvous and docking capability with space station/ orbital platform, safety provisions and provision for extra vehicular activity.

Timeline: 2015-20 (Launch by Indian GSLV mk2)

Technology Development:Human Rated GSLV mk2 & mk3

Crew Module and escape system (for 2 to 3)

Critical technology development areas, astronaut training, new launch pad for HSF Missions

Collaboration with Russia for a 2013 Soyuz Mission with Indian cosmonaut and Technical cooperation

Indian Human Spaceflight Program (Phase 1 – LEO Mission)

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Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Space Access - Launch Vehicles Up-rated PSLV XL – launched Chandrayaan-1 GSLV mk2 with Indian Cryogenic Engine, Human rated GSLV mk3 – (4.5 tons GEO, human-rated, deep-space missions)

Ground Segment Indian Deep Space Network (18 m and 32 m antennas) Indian Space Science Data Center (ISSDC) for space exploration missions Space Science Instrumentation Facility (detectors/ sensors) Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (graduates) Advanced Propulsion and Power Systems, NGC and In-situ analysis tools

Human Spaceflight Program Astronaut Training Center, Vehicle Simulator Crew Module and Escape System, Health Monitoring Environment Control and Life Support System Thermal Protection Systems, Space Suits/ seats, New HSF Launch Pad and Facilities

Technology Development

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Indian Space Program - Economics

Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

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Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

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Strategic Perspectives and Technical Architecture Overview of Indian Space Exploration Missions

Indian Space Program (ISP) Founding vision – Utilize space assets for socio-economic benefits Telecom (INSAT Series), Remote-Sensing (IRS Series), Meteorology Satellites Emerging Trend – Dedicated Space Exploration Missions and HSF Program International Collaboration (with emphasis on mutual scientific and technical benefit, Enhance stature of nation as a space/technology power) Indigenous capability in Launch Vehicles and all facets of space exploration

Indian Space Exploration Program (ISEP) To understand the evolution and composition of Solar System and celestial bodies by deep space missions (Orbiter/ Rover) and Space Telescopes First Indian Deep Space Mission, Chandrayaan-1 successfully completed, with a major discovery of Lunar Water by NASA instrument , M Cubed. Microgravity Research – Space Capsule Recovery Experiment Future Planetary Missions to Moon (CHY-2, Orbiter/ Rover, 2013), Mars (2014), Asteroids/ Comets (2016) and Outer Solar System (2018+)

Human Spaceflight Program - First Mission by 2015-18

Findings & Conclusion