Indian Music Powerpoint

8/10/2019 Indian Music Powerpoint

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Indian MusicIndian MusicInstruments, ragas andInstruments, ragas and

historyhistory


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StarterStarter

Place the followingPlace the following

instruments under theinstruments under theheadings string, windheadings string, wind

or percussion.or percussion.


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String, Wind or Percussion?String, Wind or Percussion?

Sitar

Flute

Tabla

Harmonium


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String, Wind or Percussion?String, Wind or Percussion?

SarangiSarangi SanturSantur ShenaiShenai

TamburaTambura


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AnswersAnswers

StringString WindWind Percussion Percussion

SITAR

SARANGI

SANTUR

TAMBURA

FLUTE

HARMONIUM

SHENAI

TABLA

SANTUR


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Aim of LessonAim of Lesson

To learn to identify Indian traditionalTo learn to identify Indian traditionalinstruments y sight and sound.instruments y sight and sound.

To understand the musical structuresTo understand the musical structuresand terms used in Indian Music!and terms used in Indian Music!ragas, talas, drone, sympatheticragas, talas, drone, sympatheticstrings, rasas, alap, "hor, "hala, gat,strings, rasas, alap, "hor, "hala, gat,

andish, matras, ols and sam.andish, matras, ols and sam.To understand the #eywords$To understand the #eywords$

syncopated, ostinato and impro%ised.syncopated, ostinato and impro%ised.


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Indian music! A historyIndian music! A history

Indian musical traditions go ac# toIndian musical traditions go ac# to

the %edic period &'((( ).*+ (( ).*-the %edic period &'((( ).*+ (( ).*-

and ha%e since e%ol%ed through theand ha%e since e%ol%ed through the

inuence of many cultures o%er theinuence of many cultures o%er thecenturies. This musical tradition hascenturies. This musical tradition has

een preser%ed and is passed orallyeen preser%ed and is passed orally

from one generation to anotherfrom one generation to anotherthrough masters &/stad+ Muslim andthrough masters &/stad+ Muslim and

Pandit+ 0indu-.Pandit+ 0indu-.


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1agas1agas

1agas are a cross etween melodies1agas are a cross etween melodies

and scales. They tell the main melodyand scales. They tell the main melody

instrument what notes they can useinstrument what notes they can use

when impro%ising. 2i3erent ragaswhen impro%ising. 2i3erent ragasha%e di3erent moods &rasas- and areha%e di3erent moods &rasas- and are

used for di3erent times of the day &orused for di3erent times of the day &or

night-, year or special occasions.night-, year or special occasions.Listen to the opening of this e%eningListen to the opening of this e%ening

raga Man"h 4hama".raga Man"h 4hama".


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1aga1aga

The word raga is also used to descrie theThe word raga is also used to descrie thewhole piece of music. A raga is made up ofwhole piece of music. A raga is made up of5 sections!5 sections!

AlapAlap+ main artist ac#ed y a drone slowly+ main artist ac#ed y a drone slowlye6plores the notes of the raga.e6plores the notes of the raga.

7hor7hor+ slightly faster, more of a pulse.+ slightly faster, more of a pulse.7hala7hala+ tala "oins in, musicians impro%ise+ tala "oins in, musicians impro%ise

passing rhythmic ideas etween them.passing rhythmic ideas etween them. 8at8at+ 9nal section featuring a 96ed+ 9nal section featuring a 96ed

composition with some impro%isations.composition with some impro%isations.This is called aThis is called a )A:2IS0)A:2IS0in %ocal ragas.in %ocal ragas.


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RagasRagas

Raga Purvi


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RagasRagas

Raga Bhairav

D Eb F# G A Bb C# D C# Bb A G F# Eb D

C Db E F# A * * * A ;< = 2 * *

Raga ibhas


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TalasTalas

Talas are the rhythm cycles &ostinati-Talas are the rhythm cycles &ostinati-

that the tala player uses. Anthat the tala player uses. An

ostinato is a repeated pattern. Thereostinato is a repeated pattern. There

are o%er >(( di3erent tala and aare o%er >(( di3erent tala and a

good tala player can impro%ise o%ergood tala player can impro%ise o%er

the top of the set rhythm. They learnthe top of the set rhythm. They learn

these y memorising the sounds ofthese y memorising the sounds ofthe tala patterns as in this clip.the tala patterns as in this clip.


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TalaTala

The most common tala is calledThe most common tala is called tintaltintal,,which is a si6teen eat pattern! 5555which is a si6teen eat pattern! 5555

The indi%idual eats in a rhythmic cycle areThe indi%idual eats in a rhythmic cycle arecalledcalled MAT1AS.MAT1AS.

*omple6 and*omple6 and syncopatedsyncopatedrhythms arerhythms areformed when impro%ised rhythms calledformed when impro%ised rhythms called)@LS)@LSare played etween the tala playerare played etween the tala playerand instrumentalist. Syncopation is whereand instrumentalist. Syncopation is where

eats other than the strong eats areeats other than the strong eats arestressed.stressed. All parts must synchronise on the 9rst eatAll parts must synchronise on the 9rst eat

of the cycle+of the cycle+ SAMSAM


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TalasTalas

'' >> 55 BB CC DD EE (( '' >> 55 BB CC

FF FF @@ FF

TINTAL

'' >> 55 BB CC DD EE (( ''

FF @@ FF @@ FF FF

EK-TAL


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More TalasMore Talas

'' >> 55 BB CC DD EE ((

FF FF @@ FF

'' >> 55 BB CC DD EE (( '' >> 55

FF FF @@ FF

JHAP-TAL

DHAMAR


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SitarSitar

The sitar is a long nec#ed lute that isThe sitar is a long nec#ed lute that is

used to play the melody lines. It has used to play the melody lines. It has strings+ B melody and ' drone &it alsostrings+ B melody and ' drone &it alsohas ' sympathetic strings-. It has Chas ' sympathetic strings-. It has Cto '5 mo%ale frets and resonatingto '5 mo%ale frets and resonating

gourds.gourds.


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TalaTala

The tala are a pair of drums playedThe tala are a pair of drums playedy one person using their hands andy one person using their hands and

9ngers. The smaller drum &tala- is9ngers. The smaller drum &tala- isusually made of wood and the largerusually made of wood and the larger&aya- is made of clay or copper. They&aya- is made of clay or copper. Theycan produce a %ariety of pitches andcan produce a %ariety of pitches andsounds.sounds.


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)ansuri ute)ansuri ute

The )ansuri ute is made of woodThe )ansuri ute is made of woodand has a haunting sound.and has a haunting sound.


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0armonium0armonium

The harmonium is a #eyoard withThe harmonium is a #eyoard with

ellows so that the air is pumped intoellows so that the air is pumped intothe instrument y the person playingthe instrument y the person playing

it. It sounds li#e an accordian and isit. It sounds li#e an accordian and is

used to accompany singers.used to accompany singers.


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SarangiSarangi

The Sarangi is a > or 5 stringed &withThe Sarangi is a > or 5 stringed &with

sympathetic strings- instrument. It is li#esympathetic strings- instrument. It is li#ea %iolin ut is played in an uprighta %iolin ut is played in an upright

position.position.


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SanturSantur

The santur is a string instrument playedThe santur is a string instrument playedli#e a percussion instrument. The metalli#e a percussion instrument. The metal

strings are struc# y metal rods.strings are struc# y metal rods.


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ShenaiShenai

The shenai is a wind instrument. It has aThe shenai is a wind instrument. It has a

doule reed and sounds li#e andoule reed and sounds li#e anThere are many other %ersions of thisThere are many other %ersions of this

instrument! shawm, nagas%aram and pingi.instrument! shawm, nagas%aram and pingi.

oboe.


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TamuraTamura

The tamura is a long nec#ed lute. It has 5The tamura is a long nec#ed lute. It has 5

strings which are always played GopenH asstrings which are always played GopenH asit pro%ides the drone for the otherit pro%ides the drone for the other

instruments to impro%ise o%er.instruments to impro%ise o%er.


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ocalocal

Indian %ocal music co%ers a wideIndian %ocal music co%ers a widerange of styles from lo%e songs torange of styles from lo%e songs to

religious chants.religious chants.

0ere is a Juawali singer.0ere is a Juawali singer.


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Listening testListening test

:ame the main instrument playing in:ame the main instrument playing in

these clips.these clips.

-- C-C-

'-'- --

>->-

5-5- B-B-


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AnswersAnswers

-

Santur'-Tala>- )ansuri

;lute5- Shenai

B- Sarangi

C- Sitar

- ocal


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=6tension=6tension

;rom the raga;rom the raga

wor#sheet wor# outwor#sheet wor# outthe tones andthe tones and

semitones present insemitones present ineach raga.each raga.


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KuiKui

What is a raga?What is a raga? What is a tala?What is a tala? What does ostinato mean?What does ostinato mean? What is a rasa?What is a rasa? What is the order of the sections of a raga?What is the order of the sections of a raga? What are matras?What are matras? What are ols?What are ols?

What is sam?What is sam?

:ame 5 Indian instruments and state whether:ame 5 Indian instruments and state whetherthey are percussion, wind or string?they are percussion, wind or string?

What are sympathetic strings?What are sympathetic strings?


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AnswersAnswers

;ind them out;ind them out

They are all in this PowerPointThey are all in this PowerPoint


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PlenaryPlenary

Write > facts aoutWrite > facts aout

Indian music.Indian music.

:ame two instruments:ame two instruments

and which family theyand which family theyelong to.elong to.

Indian Music Powerpoint

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