INDIAN IMPACTS ON BRITISH CUISINE – Curry: An Indian Dish Conquers the British Isles –
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Transcript of INDIAN IMPACTS ON BRITISH CUISINE – Curry: An Indian Dish Conquers the British Isles –
INDIAN IMPACTS ON BRITISH
CUISINE– Curry: An Indian Dish Conquers the British
Isles –
Outline
1 Indian Overall Impacts
2 Food: Curry – An Indian Dish Conquers the British Isles
2.1 Definition and Pronunciation 2.2 Origin 2.3 Semantic Relationships
3 Varieties of Curry: Masala and Balti Dishes 3.1 Chicken Tikka Masala – The New Traditional English
Dish? 3.2 Balti – An English Invention?
4 Empirical Data – Entries in Search Engines
5 Evaluation: www.currypages.com
1 Indian Overall Impacts
Indian BangladeshiPakistani…
MUSIC
FILM, EG. BOLLYWOOD
TELEVISION
EMPLOYMENT
…RELIGION
CLOTHING
JEWELLERY
ART
FOOD
2 Food: Curry – An Indian Dish Conquers the British Isles
2.1 Definition and Pronunciation [1]
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (1995: 276)
curry /kAri/ n a dish of meat, fish, vegetables, etc cooked with certain hot-tasting
spices. Curry is often eaten with rice […] ► curried adj cooked with certain hot-tasting spices […] ■ curry powder n a mixture of various spices ground to a powder and used in making curry
2.1 Definition and Pronunciation [2]
Cobuild English Dictionary for Advanced Learners (2001: 371)
curry /kAri, AM k3:ri/ (curries, currying, curried) [1] Curry is a dish composed of meat and vegetables, or
just vegetables, in a sauce containing hot spices. It is usually eaten with rice and is one of the main dishes of India.
[2] …
Oxford Dictionaries (http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/curry_1?view=uk)
curry1 • noun (pl. curries) a dish of meat, vegetables, etc., cooked in an Indian-style sauce of strong spices. • verb (curries, curried) prepare or flavour with such a
sauce.
2.2 Origin
Alan Davidson's Oxford Companion to Food: from the Tamil word kari meaning spiced sauce
Camellia Panjabi [author of 50 Great Curries of India]: concedes with this argument, though she suggests
Northern India may have played some part; gravy dish called khadi
Others: word curry originates from Old English as cury was the Old English word for cooking derived from the French cuire, meaning to cook, broil or grill
2.3 Semantic Relationships [1]
Collocations
- hot / medium / mild curry- curry powder- curry sauce- curry stuff (chillies, onions, ginger, coconut, turmeris,
cardamom, colves, etc ground into paste or powder)
- chicken curry / beef curry- curry paste
2.3 Semantic Relationships [2]
Homonymy
• according to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary(1995: 276), curry is a homonym:
curry1 “a dish of meat, fish, vegetables etc” curry2 “[…] IDM: curry favour (with sb) to try to gain sb’s favour by giving them help, praise, etc”
2.3 Semantic Relationships [3]
Hyperonym: CURRY
Hyponym:Korma
Hyponym: Madras
Hyponym:Vindaloo
Hyponym: Phaal
Hyponym:Balti
Hyponym:Tandoori
2.3 Semantic Relationships [4]
Lexical Field:
though rather folk linguistics
BALTI
BHAJEE
VINDA-LOO
TAN-DOORI
PHAAL
KORMA
CURRY
3 Varieties of Curry: Balti and Masala Dishes
3.1 Chicken Tikka Masala – The New Traditional English Dish?
Definition and Origin (http://www.sonzyskitchen.com/chickentikka.htm)
• chicken tikka masala , n., mild curry dish of chicken in a tomato-based sauce, cooked tandoori style (in a charcoal-fired oven)
• developed during colonial times in India (½ Indian & ½ British)
Chicken Tikka Masala – Facts and Figures • Sainsbury's sell 1.6 million CTM meals every year and
stocks 16 CTM-related products including chicken tikka masala pasta sauce & chicken tikka masala sandwiches etc
• a 1998 survey by Real Curry Restaurant Guide of 48 different CTMs found only common ingredient was chicken
• 23 million portions a year are sold in Indian restaurants
• 10 tonnes of Chicken Tikka Masala a day are produced by Noon Products destined for supermarkets
• most schools and charities in Sylhet, Bangladesh are run by proceeds from its sales
3.2 Balti – An English Invention?
Definition and Pronunciation Oxford Dictionaries (http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/balti?
view=uk)
balti /b):lti/ or /bAlti/ n (pl. baltis) a type of Pakistani cuisine in which the food is cooked in a small two-handled pan
ORIGIN: Urdu, ‘pail’
Nationmaster (www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Cuisine-of-India)
“Balti is the name for a style of food probably first devised and served in Birmingham, England around the late 1970s, probably 1977. The food is a hot curry-style dish, most likely taking its name from the thick flat-bottomed steel or iron pot in which it is both cooked and served.”
Origin exact origin of the word is debated, but the following
arepossible:
A: usual explanation: balti (meaning, literally, "bucket" in India) refers to the steel or iron pot.
B: name refers to the region of Baltistan or the Balti people who live there
C: arose from "bowl tea", a Pidgin-English phrase used by English working-class workmen who found the meal to be an affordable and filling 'tea' (dinner) at the end of a day's work
Birmingham‘s Balti Triangle
• Birmingham = Capital of the Balti spicy dish was introduced to the city by Pakistani and Kashmiri population in the mid 1970s bridged the cultural gap between immigrants and new home country
• vast majority of Balti houses are situated in the Sparkbrook, Balsall Heath and Moseley areas of South Birmingham = “Balti Triangle”
• there are around 50 balti houses in the “Balti Triangle” - many of them famous for their giant 'table top' naans
Balti Triangle – Map
4 Empirical Data – Entries in Search Engines
GOOGLE YAHOO Internet Grammar
English German
English German
CURRY 8,700,000
648,000 13,900,000
14,200,000
none
Balti & Food/ Essen
120,000 967 155,000 1,840 none
5 Evaluation: www.currypages.com [1]
5 Evaluation: www.currypages.com [2]
5 Evaluation: www.currypages.com [3]
5 Evaluation: www.currypages.com [3]
Sources
Balti Experience. City of Birmingham. 26 June 2005. <http://www.birmingham.gov.uk>
Balti Triangle. Travel West Midlands. 26 June 2005. <http://www.travelwm.co.uk/events/ ptv/baltitriangle.asp>
Crowther, Jonathan, ed (1995). Oxford Advanced Learner‘s Dictionary. Oxford: University Press.
Curry. Wikipedia. 26 June 2005. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curry>Dish Glossary. Curry Pages. 26 June 2005.
<http://www.currypages.com/dishglossary. aspx>Encyclopeadia. Nationmaster. 26 June 2005. <http://www.nationmaster.com/
encyclopedia>Inside Out. BBC. 26 June 2005. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/insideout/northwest/series1/
curry.shtml>Legacies – Birmingham. BBC. 26 June 2005. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/legacies/immig_
emig/england/birmingham/index.shtml>Sinclair, John, ed. (2001). English Dictionary for Advanced Learners. Glasgow:
HarperCollins Publishers. Sony‘z Kitchen. Home Page. 26 June 2005. <http://www.sonzyskitchen.com/chicken
tikka.htm>
… questions?
If not, …
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