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Access And Benef it shAr ing cl imAte chAnge And

B iod ivers ity i nd iA’s med icAl her itAge PolAr B iology

crZ 2018 forest dwellers vs forest r ights

B i o d i v e r s i t y s P e c i A l

i n d i A ’ s e c o l o g i c A l d i v e r s i t y

Expert PanelB MeenakumariFormer Chairperson,National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai.

Rasik RavindraFormer Director, NCAOR,Goa.

Sachidanand SinhaProfessor, CSRD,Jawaharlal NehruUniversity, New Delhi.

Ajit TyagiAir Vice Marshal (Retd) Former DG, IMD,New Delhi.

Saraswati RajuFormer Professor, CSRD,Jawaharlal NehruUniversity, New Delhi.

D MukhopadhyayChief ExecutiveACRA,Noida, U. P.

Prithvish NagFormer Vice Chancellor,MG Kashi Vidyapeeth,Varanasi.

B SenguptaFormer Member Secretary, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi.

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Biodiversity perspectives4 Access and Benefit Sharing for Biodiversity

ConservationPrakash Nelliyat & B Meenakumari

India’s ecosystem serves to augment the livelihood of millions, however it faces a number of threats from different quarters.

10 Climate Change and Biodiversity ramakrishna Climate change is known to have a negative impact on biodiversity

and poor people and poor countries will suffer more.

14 India’s Medical Heritage darshan shankar The folk knowledge about India’s medicines has been generated over

centuries by different group.

20 Polar Biology: Research Initiatives by India a a Mohamed hatha Polar regions microorganisms survive in harsh environment and offer

immense possibilities to benefit humanity in many forms.

25 Biodiversity Hotspots in India staff reporter India has four biodiversity hotspots which support many endemic

species and have been facing human pressure in recent decades.in Brief1 Letters; 2 Editor’s Note; 48 Books & Websites.

GeoGraphy and youVol. 19 Issue 15 No. 126 February 1-15, 2019

G’nY SINCE 2001GEoGraphYaNdYou.Com

a dEvElopmENt aNd ENvIroNmENt fortNIGhtlY

policy30 CRZ 2018: Violating or Protecting? ratish Kumar Jha The new notification is intended to spurt economic development in

coastal areas but some of the concerns have been ignored.

36 Global Initiatives in Biodiversity Conservation staff reporter CBD, Nagoya protocol, Aichi targets, Cartagena protocol, Biosphere

reserves are some of the global biodiversity conservation initiatives.

40 Forest Dwellers Vs Forest Rights staff reporter The FRA has established a fine balance between forest rights and

biodiversity conservation and need to be adhered.

report46 Are Indian Readers Less Inquisitive About Critical

Developmental Issues? staff reporter In 2019 Delhi Book fair through study, we tried to understand the

readers scientific temperament and their ability of logical query.

India’s biodiversity faces a number of threats, ranging from land use changes to over exploitation.

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I have been reading GeoGraphyandyou for a couple of years now. This journo-mag has published a good number of issues rich in content and in importance. However, a larger number of issues with technical content such as energy and other scientific concepts would enhance the spectrum of interdisciplinary subjects and attract more readers.—HITesH via Customer Feedback I came across GeoGraphyandyou recently and on the basis of its research content, presentation and data provided, I can ascertain it is one of the best journo-mag that I have come across at such a nominal price. I would recommend that all young people read GeoGraphyandyou for it publishes contemporary issues and invaluable insights.—saTIsHvia Customer Feedback

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The NIoT issue, Vol. 19, issue 13, No. 124 of GeoGraphyandyou had interesting articles. It showed India’s development in ocean technology and its significance in bringing

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about such changes. all the articles were informative and explained concepts such as shore protection and ship borne emissions which are important but rarely discussed. I would like to thank GeoGraphyandyou for bringing out exclusive issue like this. —YogesH gole via Customer Feedback

The special issue on NIoT titled ocean Tech was enthralling. after reading this issue I learnt about technologies such as thermal desalination, deep sea technology and problems of ship borne emissions and its repercussions. some of the articles had insights which were new and intriguing. I wish to read more such.—aruN viaCustomer Feedback

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2 February 1-15 2019 GeoGraphy and you vol 19, issue 15

January, 16-31, 2019. vol 19. issue 14, no. 125This is a keepers issue. as the title suggests, the articles go deep into the facets of rich-poor divide in India, poverty estimation and more. I finished reading the entire issue without a break and can cite this issue as a coloured and succinct version of the economic and Political Weekly. The articles highlighting the malnutrition in children juxtaposed with another on obesity only fill the knowledge bucket to the brim.—MaNdIra sINgH via Customer Feedback

GeoGraphy and you February 1-15 2019 3

Sulagna ChattopadhyayFounder-Editor, Geography and You,New Delhi

Editor’s note As the toddlers paintI once watched an interesting experiment. Parents of a group of toddlers were handed a large box of multi-coloured crayons and asked to draw on a piece of paper. Many began almost immediately, while others took a pause and delicately picked out the colours they liked most. Once the drawings were finished, they were shared and admired. The next day the toddlers walked in and were handed the same box of crayons that their dads and moms used—but with a twist. All the colours that were used by their parents had been set aside. The children drew the best they could and when the task was done the parents were called in. As the paintings were laid out, the story of human life on earth was revealed. The sky was grey, the trees deep blue and the sun a dismal black because every parent has inadvertently picked out the most vibrant colour—leaving little for their young progeny to work with.

Are we not doing the same? With global warming reaching a new high along with rising anthropocentric interference in the web of life, a drop in the biodiversity count is but obvious. Extinction of endemic species and uncontrolled spread of invasive ones can spell a disaster of proportions we are yet to comprehend fully. Scientists claim that over 80 per cent species remain undiscovered and the global total species count still at small fraction of what is out there. However, the manner in which the humans are picking colours, it won’t be long before we lose it all.

It is important to grasp the magnitude of this slow disaster. Loss of biodiversity can effectively cut away exits for humans in a dwindling resource scenario. This issue of G’nY brings to the fore contemporary policy issues in the domain of biodiversity conservation. Forest Rights Act and new notification on Coastal Regulation Zone are two areas of interest that are particularly relevant to conservation efforts on the land and in the marine environment. In addition bolstering meaningful policy needs, such as access and benefit sharing, have also been discussed.Happy reading.

4 February 1-15 2019 GeoGraphy and you vol 19, issue 15

Biodiversity is a global asset which holds tremendous value for humans. A view of tribal women in Achanakmar, Chhattisgarh selling forest produce in the weekly haat.

B i od i v er s i t y p er s p ec t i v e s

GeoGraphy and you February 1-15 2019 5

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By Prakash Nelliyat & B Meenakumari

The authors are Fellow and Chairperson respectively at the National Biodiversity Authority, Chennai. nelliyatp@yahoo.co.uk. The article should be cited as Nelliyat, P and B. Meenakumari, 2019. Access and benefit

sharing for biodiversity conservation, Geography and You, 19(15): 4-9.

For

Globally, there is a serious resource gap in financing biodiversity conservation. Access and benefit sharing provides for an innovative financial mechanism. In India

the mechanism has helped mobilise around INR 110 crore.

Access And BeneFit shAring

BiodiversityConservation

Biodiversity includes species diversity, genetic diversity and ecosystem diversity, contributing to human welfare, directly and indirectly and therefore representing a significant

part of the total economic value of the planet (Costanza et al., 1997). Bio-diverse ecosystems provide vital services—regulation of water levels and flows, protection against extreme weather conditions, purification of air and water, prevention of soil erosion, and opportunities for recreation and spiritual reflection. Besides, biodiversity offers essential resources, such as food, fibre, and medicines (CBD, 2011).

Biodiversity thus is a global asset with tremendous value to the present and future generations. However, biodiversity faces multiple challenges from habitat fragmentation, degradation, over-exploitation, shrinking genetic diversity, invasive alien species, declining forest resources, climate change and desertification. The loss is of concern to the well-being of millions and thus presents significant economic challenges.

Since biodiversity is unequally distributed in the world, its supply is restricted. In contrast, its demand is escalating universally. Businesses based on biological resources (collection, transfer, and exchange) are growing at an alarming rate in

48 February 1-15 2019 GeoGraphy and you vol 19, issue 15

biodiversity and ConservationBy: Jeyabalan sangeetha, devarajan Thangadurai,

hong Ching GohCover: Hardcover publisher: Apple Academic Presspublished:2019isbn-10: 1771887486isbn-13: 978-1771887489price: USD 149.95pages: 290

biodiversity Conservation: strategies and applications By Prof G s

solanki Cover: Hardcover: publisher: S.E. Book Agenciespublished: 2018isbn-13: 978-8193732748price: 28.83 USD

large Carnivore ConservationandManagementBy: Tasos hovardas

Cover: Hardcover publisher: Routledgepublished: 2018isbn-10: 9781138039995isbn-13: 978-1138039995price: USD 105pages: 364

inheritors of the earthBy: Chris d ThomasCover : Hardcover publisher: Penguin

published: 2018isbn-10: 0141982314isbn-13: 978-0141982311price: 15.85 USDpages: 320

biodiversity and health in the face of Climate Change By: Melissa r Marselle, Jutta stadler, horst KornCover: Hardcoverpublisher: Springer Nature Switzerlandpublished: 2019isbn-10: 3030023176isbn-13: 978-3030023171price: 59.99 USDpages: 490

This book throws light on the relation between biodiversity,

physical health and mental health in the context of climate change. The book not only talks about climate change impacts on biodiversity but it also provides nature based solutions for better health. It discusses the impacts of biodiversity and human health in relation to conservation,

landscape architecture, urban planning, public health etc. The relation between the biodiversity and health is well documented and many books can be found on the topic—but analysing it in the context of climate change makes this book unique. The book will be of great help to researchers and students as also for policy makers.

Website

national biodiversity authoritywww.nbaindia.org/The National Biodiversity Authority provides information on various acts and rules related to biodiversity and its conservation. It also provides topic wise data on various national and international initiatives for conservation. Its booklets, factsheets and annual reports are rich sources of various aspects of biodiversity including the economic potential of biodiversity. Conservation internationalwww.conservation.orgThe Conservation International, provides data on conservation efforts being carried out in biodiversity hotspots across the world. The website also provides the factual and analytical perspectives of contemporary issues like climate change, food, forest, freshwater, ocean, and livelihood.

envis Centre on Floral biodiversity www.www.bsienvis.nic.in/ENVIS Centre on Floral Biodiversity, hosted by Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata provides useful database on floral diversity in India. Through its website one can also access information on plant species, its family and known range of occurrences. The website also gives in-depth floral statistics and IUCN Red List categories.

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