India is one of the largest countries in the world. Can you find it on this map?

India

India

Here it is!!!

This is a map of India. Chembakolli is a village in the south.

Chembakolli

Chembakolli

Chembakolli is a small village in the south of India. It is in a hilly forest area of Tamil Nadu State.

Chembakolli

Most of the villagers are farmers. They grow rice, onions, tomatoes, peppers and oranges. Generally these crops are grown to feed the families in the village rather than to sell.

Chembakolli

It is hard work living in Chembakolli! The women have to fetch water, grind rice, cook, clean and work in the fields. Wood has to be collected

everyday for the cooking fire. The women and older children often have to look after the younger children and babies at the same time!

Chembakolli

The villagers have to fetch their water from a well. It is a long walk, and the water is very heavy to carry! One woman will

generally carry 10 litres of water at a time.

Tehri (Aug 2003)

Tehri (Nov 2004)

Tehri (Aug 2004)

Tehri dam (Aug 2006)

• Save Himalaya Movement (1992-)– not only for the protest against the dam construction– but for protecting the environment of the Himalayan region

Near Gangotri(Aug 2005)

THEIR HOMES?THEIR HOMES?THEIR LIVELIHOOD?THEIR LIVELIHOOD?

HEALTH CARE?HEALTH CARE?THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN?THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN?

THEIR SOCIAL LIFE?THEIR SOCIAL LIFE?THEIR SELF RESPECT?THEIR SELF RESPECT?

Gandhians as

• Disciples of M. K. Gandhi (1869-1948)– Vinoba Bhave (1895-1982) Bhoodan Movement– J. P. Narayan (1902-79) Total Revolution

• Gandhians in Various Social Movements• Rural Reconstruction Movements• Anti-Untouchability Movements• Movements for Communal Harmony• Anti-Liquor Movements• Women’s Movements

Environmental MovementsEnvironmental Movements

ENVIRONMENTAL Activities by Gandhians in India Today

• Baba Amte (1914-)

At Maharashtra, in central India (Feb 2003)

2. Environmental Activities by Gandhians

• Narayan Desai (1924-)

At Gujarat, in western India (Jan 2004)

Environmental Activities by Gandhians in India Today

• S. Jagannathan (1914-) • Krishnamal Jagannathan (1926-)

At Tamil Nadu, in southern India (Aug 2006)

Environmental Activities by Gandhians in India Today

Sunderlal BahugunaSunderlal BahugunaVimla BahugunaVimla Bahuguna

Baba Amte

S. JagannathanKrishnamal Jagannathan

Narayan Desai

3. Bahuguna and Environmental Movements in the Himalayas

• Sunderlal Bahuguna (1927-)– 1940s Indian Freedom Movement– 1950s Anti Untouchability Movement– 1960s Anti Liquor Movement

Bahuguna and students (Feb 2003)Bahuguna in his prayer (Dec 2004)

Bahuguna and Environmental Movements

• Vimla Bahuguna (1932-)– 1950s Bhoodan Movement– 1956 Marriage, Establishment of

Ashram

Near Silyara Ashram (Aug 2006)At Tehri (Mar 2003)

Bahuguna and Environmental Movements

• Chipko Movement (1973-1981)

Sketches by Arvind Mohan Negi (from Bharat Dogra’s books)

Bahuguna and Environmental Movements

• Slogans of Chipko Movement– Before 1978

“What do the forests bear?Resin, timber and business.”

– After 1978“What do the forests bear?

Soil, water and pure air.”

Foot March and Meeting Photos by Dhoom Singh Negi

Bahuguna and Environmental Movements

• Anti Tehri Dam Movement (1978-)– S. Bahuguna became the leader after 1989

• Demonstration Meetings,

• Sit-ins,

• Petitioning• Legal Battles, • Foot Marches, • Fasts

– S. Bahuguna’s Fasts and Movement• 45 days in 1992• 49 days in 1995• 74 days in 1996