Inclusive Education:Frameworks and Modelsof Indian School

Pooja Arya

What is Inclusion?

Paradigm shift for education systems to include and serve ALL children

Students with disabilities or different abilities attend regular schools and classrooms

Every child is equal participant in the learning process with the supports theyrequire to succeed

Why Inclusion?

Children fromdifferent backgrounds

Differentneeds

Different abilities

Different Languages

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Population of Children withdisabilities and types of disability

Source : All India survey of out of school children of age 6-13 years, SRI-IMRB, 2010

Estimated total number of children in 6-13 age group is 190.58 million, of this 2.90 million (1.51%) are children with disabilities

Misconception About InclusiveEducation

It is not fitting in existing system

Modifying schools and teaching methods to accommodate learning needsand styles of all

Education, a fundamental Right

86th constitutional amendment act 2002, free and compulsory education forall children in 6-14 age group is a now a Fundamental Right under Article21-A of the constitution.

Source : National information centre, 2007, p.1.9.3c

The persons with disabilities Act, 1995 advocates education of children withdisabilities in appropriate environment till they attain age of 18 years

SSA, the national educational initiative to help realise the universal elementary education policy describes the education placement of CWSNand state that " as far as possible, every CWSN should be placed in regularschools with needed support services"

Bruner and VygotskyRole of social environment

Zone of proximal development

Scaffolding

Spiral Curriculum CollaborativeLearning

GuidedLearning

Co-operativeLearning

Pedagogical practices andlearning outcomes

A. Differentiated InstructionsB. Adaptation

Model A

Delhi based private schoolBoard affiliated to - CBSE

Type - Co-education

Medium of instruction - English

- Integration and inclusion- Separate setup for children with sever disabilities within school.For example - non-verbal child on autism specturm

Caters to children who cannot follow classroom curriculum

Provides class support with differentiated curriculum, assisted byspecial educator and separate IEP

Model B

Bangalore based International schoolBoard affiliated to - IB

Type - Co-education

Medium of instruction - English

- Inclusion- Provides classroom support and adapted curriculum- Differentiated instructions used by the class teacher- Class support, differentiated and adapted assessment provided bythe special educator- Separate IEP (if required)

Similarities

- English medium school

- Classroom support provided by the special educator

- Differentiated curriculum and assesment

Differences

- Affiliated to different boards

- Functions on different models - Integration & Inclusion - Inclusion

- Role of class teacher

- Different kind of class support

- Different curriculum and assessment in class