Ina105.Introduction Building Team
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Transcript of Ina105.Introduction Building Team
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INTRODUCTION
INA105/151
Building Construction & Materials 1
Prepared by :
Othman Hassan
Senior Lecturer / Registered Interior Designer with Lembaga Arkitek Malaysia (Reg. No : ID/O 6)
Department of Interior Architecture
UiTM Perak
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INTRODUCTIONINA105/151
THE BUILDING TEAM
Building is essentially a team effort in which each member has an important role to
play. The organization structure of a typical team and the role of each member is
defined below.
Building owner
The client; the person who commission the work and directly or indirectly employs
everybody.
Architect (Professional consultant)
Engaged by the building owner as his agent to design, advise and ensure that theproject is kept within cost and complies with the design.
Engineers (Professional consultant)
Specialists such as a civil/electrical/mechanical engineers employed to work with the
architect on that particular aspect of the design.
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Quantity Surveyor (Professional consultant)
Engaged to prepare bills of quantities, check tenders, prepare interim valuations and
advise architect on the cost variations.
Clerk of Site
Employed on large contract as the architects on-site representatives. He has only
liaison powers and cannot issue instructions on his own behalf; he can only offer
advise
Main Contractor/Contractor
Employed by the building owner, on the architects advice, to carry out theconstructional works. He takes his instructions from the architect.
Sub-Contractor
Appointed to assist main contractor, on the architects advice, to carry out the
constructional works.
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Interior Designer (Professional consultant)
Engaged to do special interior design works if required.
Landscape Architect (Professional consultant)
Engaged to do special landscape design works if required
Contracts manager
Liaises between the office and the site and has overall responsibility for the site
operations..
Surveyor (Professional consultant)
Employed by the contractor to check and assist the quantity surveyor in the
preparation of interim valuations and final accounts, He may also measure work done
for bonus and sub-contractor payments.
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Buildingowner
Architect
Main Contractor Clerk of work Quantity
Surveyor
Engineers Interior
Designer
Landscape
Architect
Contracts
ManagerSurveyor Estimator Buyer Administrator
General
Foreman
Operatives
Costing
Account
Office staff
THE BUILDING TEAM
(Big projects)
Sub-Contractor
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Buildingowner
Architect
Contractor Quantity
Surveyor
Engineers
Contracts
ManagerEstimator Administrator
Workers Costing
Account
Office staff
THE BUILDING TEAM
(Small projects)
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2. The Constructing Stage
Construction works begin after the appointment of contractors.
1. Site Investigation
2. Site Clearance
3. Establishing Datum Level And Setting Out The Building4. Excavation And Foundation Works
5. Building Structure Construction
6. Floor Construction
7. Wall Construction
8. Window Frame Installation
9. Roof Construction10. Wall Plastering
11. Ceiling Construction
12. Floor finishes Installation
13. Doors and Windows Installation
14. Drain Construction
15. Fence Construction
16. Site Clearance
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
1. Site InvestigationInvestigate on site and soil condition.
A soil investigation includes the following aims:
a. define the soil type
b. find the groundwater level
c. check for tree roots
d. take soil samples for tests in a laboratory
e. carry out some in-situ tests
f. test for contamination.
2. Clearing the siteThis may involve the demolition of existing buildings,
the grubbing out of bushes and trees and the removal
of soil to reduce level.
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Site clearing
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
3. Establishing datum level and setting out the building
To establish level and base line from which the whole building can be set out.
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Setting/establishing base line Leveling work
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
4. Excavations and foundation works
Before a foundation can be laid it is necessary to excavate a trench of the required
depth and width. Foundation is the base on which a building rests and its purpose is
to safely transfer the load of a building to a suitable subsoil.
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Excavating a trench Concreting the foundations
The pad foundation
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
5. The construction of building structure (beams and columns)
Sometimes called as building skeleton. The structures will bear all life and dead loads
and transfer it to the building foundations.
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Concreting the ground floor beams Concreting the columnsConcreting the floor/roof beams
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
6.The construction of floors
Flat level of the building that support life load and dead load.
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Concreting the floor Leveling the concrete floor
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGES
7. The construction of walls and installation of door frames
The building side covering.
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Brick laying works
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGES
8. Install window frames
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Installing the window frame Installing the window frame
The window frame
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGES
9. The construction of roofs
The building top coverings
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Constructing the roof joists Installing the roof tiles
Installing insulation & battens
Installing roof trusses
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGES
10. Wall plastering
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Wall plastering worksRefining wall plastering works
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
11. The construction of ceilings
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Constructing the asbestos ceilingConstructing the plaster ceiling
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
12. The installation of floor finishes
Installation of floor tiles/granites/marbles etc.
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Installing the floor tiles Installing the floor skirting
Cutting the tiles
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
13.The installation of doors and windowsThe building openings
14.The construction of drain
Drain at the buildings perimeter
15. The construction of fences
Building boundary fences
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THE CONSTRUCTING STAGE
16. Site clearance
Clearing all rubbish on site before handover
THE BUILDING COMPONENTS
1. Foundations and building structures
2. Floors
4. Walls
5. Roofs
6. Ceilings7. Staircases and escalator
8. Openings (door & window
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Superstructure
Substructure
Ground floor level
Building basement
Building floor
levels
Building superstructure and substructure
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Building foundation
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References:
1. Ivor H. Seeley (1995):Build ing Technolog y. Fif th edit ion. MacMillan.
2. Roland Ashcroft (1992):Construct ionFor Inter ior Designers. Second Edit ion. Longman.
3. Roger Greeno (1998):Adv anced Constru ct ion Techno logy.
4. R. Chudley (1996): Construc t ion Techno logy. Longman
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THE END
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