‘Do Now’ (Online at Unit 21.1 Rise of Dictators Powerpoint)

In January of 1917, British cryptographers deciphered a telegram from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German Minister to Mexico, von Eckhardt, offering United States territory to Mexico in return for joining the German cause. This message helped draw the United States into the war and thus changed the course of history. The telegram had such an impact on American opinion that, according to David Kahn, author of The Codebreakers, “No other single cryptanalysis has had such enormous consequences.”

Excerpt from “The Zimmermann Telegram”

Based on the excerpt, what was the role of the Zimmermann telegram inWorld War I?

A It created conflict between Mexico and the United States and delayedAmerican arms production for the Allies.

B It angered many European nations who depended on the Mexican productionof arms.

C It provoked the United States, a neutral nation, to become involved in theWar.

D It embarrassed the British, who secretly conspired with Germany to write it.

Communist Revolution -- Propaganda Poster-- Convince people through ‘propaganda’

-- Lie to make your side sound perfect

-- Choose either The Czar or the Communist Revolution of 1917

“Long live the Czar!” -- “Power to the Proletariats!”Full Page

Color

Central Image Representing Your Side

Creativity

Short Paragraph of Written Propaganda

Control the people’s thoughts = Control the People

“Long live the Czar!”

“God save the Czar!”

“Crush the communists! Save Mother Russia!”

21.1 Rise of Dictators in Europe...After WWI, Europe was in shambles. Millions of people were dead, economies were destroyed by war, and Germany was forced to pay Great Britain and France money that it didn’t have.

This led to the rise of Men like…

1) Adolf Hitler2) Benito Mussolini

Germany After World War I

-- Blamed for war

-- 400 Billion Dollars in Reparations (in today’s money)

-- Population felt humiliated

-- Some portions of society blamed ‘traitors’ like

Communists and Jewish people

-- Economic desperation

-- ‘Weimar Republic’

German ‘Humiliation’ -- Treaty of Versailles

-- Kaiser (king) forced to abdicate --

-- Forced to sign treaty in this train car <<< -

-- 20 years later Hitler Forces French to Sign Surrender in same train car...

Too Much Money?? -- ‘Inflation’ in Germany

The Weimar Republic-- Weak and divided

-- Over 30 different political parties

Too Much Printed Money

Fanatical Political Parties?? -- Only When the Economy is Bad

-- Hitler plays on emotional and racist cultural ideas --

“The Jews are to blame.” “We would have won if not for the Jews.”

“I will restore our former Glory!”

“The German people were betrayed.”

-- Promised Stability

-- Promised Jobs

-- Promised a return to greatness

-- Claimed Racial Superiority

-- Uses force and intimidation

-- Suppresses political opponents

Hitler Wins German Elections -- 1933

Focuses His Speeches on..

-Nationalism

-Militarism

-Social Darwinism

Return to former glory

Nazi Party Mindset -- Social Darwinism

-- Racial and National Superiority

-- Revenge for WWI

-- Unification of all German speaking people

-- The State over the Individual

‘Fascism’

The Reichstag FireReichstag = German Congressional Building

Hitler takes power in 1933

Reichstag burns down in 1933…

HItler blames it on “Communists”

Restricts Political Freedoms

“We’re in Danger! Give me Power”

Anti - Semitism in Hitler’s Germany

Anti - Semitism in Nazi Germany1933 - Dachau Political Prison Created1933 - Nazi Boycott of Jewish stores1933 - Jewish and ‘Non- German’ Book Burning1935 - Anti-Jewish riots in German Cities1935 - Sale of newspapers to Jewish people outlawed1938 - Mass Arrests of “anti-social Jews”1938 - Massive Pogrom, 91 Jews killed thousands sent to camps1939 - Jews must wear armbands in Germany 1940 - Jews forced to live in Ghettos -- Starved1941 - First Jews are Gassed to death at Auschwitz 1942 - All Jewish schools in Germany1942 - ‘Final Solution’

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeOVuGcn9O4

Stop

Italy

-- Promised Stability

-- Promised a return to greatness (The Roman Empire)

-- Took total control

-- Militarism!

World War II -- Deaths between 50 - 80 Million

Axis Powers Allied Powers

1) Italy 1) United States2) Germany 2) Great Britain3) Japan 3) France (Out in 1940)

2 Atomic Bombs Dropped on Japan by the U.S in 1945

“The Atomic Age”

Never before had weapons of this level of destruction been used! The existence of these weapons greatly impacted the world from 1945 until today!

World in Ruins, Not the U.S!

-- Tens of Millions of people lay dead throughout the World.

-- Economies were destroyed, factories, buildings, workers, all lost

The United States was left almost completely untouched by this. While other economies were crushed, the U.S Economy BOOMED!!!

After WWII… ‘COLD WAR’

Cold War2 completely different ideas on society…

“Liberal Democracy” = United States “Communism”

Free Elections No Free Elections

Capitalism Government Run Economy

Freedom of Religion Atheism (Belief in God not allowed)

Private Property No Private Property

Limited Government All powerful Government

President Reagan's “Evil Empire” Speech 1983 USA vs. Soviet Union

Communism versus Capitalism! Soviet Union versus United States -- The Cold War

Mutually Assured Destruction! The United States had many nuclear weapons…

As did the Soviet Union!!!

Both were afraid that if a war broke out, everyone would die! This idea of ‘mutually assured destruction’ prevented an all out war from occurring between the two great powers!