December 2000

THOMAS JEFFERSON NATIONAL ACCELERATOR FACILITY • A DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY FACILITY

IMR team ratesJLab Outstanding

GEP-II experimentunderway in Hall A

David Ernst joinsJLab Theory Group for year

ARC team useslight as weapon in battle againstinfectious disease

The successes achieved during 2000,changes in leadership and the chal-

lenges and opportunities of the futurewere among the topics discussed byInterim Director Christoph Leemannduring Jefferson Lab’s State of the LabAddress held November 28.

“We have a very good year behindus and unprecedented opportunitiesand challenges ahead,” Leemann saidat the outset of the annual event —combining employee Service Awardsand the State of the Lab Address. “TheLab’s successes and accomplishmentsare due to each one of us and what webring to the Lab.”

Leemann and the Associate Directorsof the Lab’s three Divisions recognized110 employees for five, 10 or 15 years ofdedicated service to the Lab.

He began the Lab Address by applaud-ing the great strides in the Lab’s physicsprogram during 2000, completing 30experiments and partially completinganother 47. He also cited the 143 Ph.D.sawarded in experimental and theoreticalphysics based upon work done at the Lab,and the 117 faculty that the Lab shareswith 23 universities through joint appoint-ments.

He went on to discuss the just-pub-lished, first draft of the White Paper pre-

Success achieved, challenges aheadLeemann discusses past year, futureopportunities during annual Lab Address

continued on page 2

Jefferson Lab’s Interim Director, Christoph Leemann, has therapt attention of employees during his recent State of the LabAddress.

Leemann discusses JLab’s past year, future opportunitiesContinued from page 1

ON TARGET • December 20002

senting the Lab’s need for an accelera-tor upgrade to 12 GeV in order to con-tinue conducting frontier physics. And,he highlighted the importance of theactivities underway to prepare the Labfor its part in building linear accelera-tor superconducting radiofrequencycomponents and the cryogenic refrig-eration and transport system for theSpallation Neutron Source at OakRidge National Laboratory. Leemann

gave the standing-room only crowd thelatest information on the search for anew Accelerator Division AssociateDirector and on the newly formedSURA (Southeastern UniversitiesResearch Association) committee juststarting its search for a new JeffersonLab Director.

He mentioned the outstandingresults of the Lab’s recent Institutional

Management Review(see story on page 3),and provided anupdate on the City ofNewport News’efforts to build a sec-ond office buildingbehind the now-fullApplied ResearchCenter.

Leemann delvedinto the problemsshowing up in theklystrons after theLab’s first 6 GeV testrun; and he com-mended the manyLab employees whoparticipate in com-munity service activ-ities such as the

quarterly Red Cross Blood Drives andthose who volunteer their time in theBEAMS (Becoming EnthusiasticAbout Match and Science) program. Inthe area of technology transfer, hepointed out recent experiments takingplace in the Free Electron Laser UserFacility and the 27 patents that havebeen awarded for unique processes andcomponents developed by Lab staff.

“We have a promising future with alead role in the field of hadronicphysics,” Leemann said. “We areworld leaders in superconductingradiofrequency technology. We areleaders in recirculating and energy-recovery linacs and polarized beam.We are developing a basic researchprogram for the FEL and hope to cre-ate an R&D program around ourunique accelerator technology andcapabilities.’

“This is an exciting time; stayfocused on the challenges,” Leemannurged. “I’ll do my best to give youwhat you need to do the job. Pleaseproceed as the dedicated professionalsI know you are. I always have an opendoor for each of you. Let me knowhow you are doing — stop by or sendme an e-mail.”

Christoph Leemann duringhis State of the Labaddress to all staff.

Many names in the 5, 10and 15 year service cate-gories grace the ServiceAwards cake.

December 2000 • ON TARGET 3

Outstanding was the rating earnedby Jefferson Lab during

November’s Institutional ManagementReview with few exceptions.

The biennial review is conductedto evaluate the management and oper-ation of the Lab, as part of the perfor-mance-based contract between theDepartment of Energy (DOE) and theSoutheastern Universities ResearchAssociation (SURA). The Nov. 1–2review assessed the Lab’s strategicplanning, managerial effectivenessand organizational culture.

According to the report, sent toSURA President Jerry Draayer, byreview committee chair, JohnMcTague, “The Lab’s performancewith respect to Strategic Planningexceeded expectations (ratedOutstanding), ManagerialEffectiveness exceeded expectations(rated Outstanding) andOrganizational Culture greatlyexceeded expectation (rated HighOutstanding).” With the overall per-formance rating judged to beOutstanding.

Rated Outstanding Lab impresses Institutional Management Review team

Although this is just one of severalreviews conducted in accordance withthe JLab contract, both DOE andSURA view this assessment with par-ticular importance as an evaluation ofthe overall effectiveness of Laboratoryleadership and management.

In the area of Strategic Planning,the committee applauded the Lab’sproduction of scientific results and itscurrent world leadership in experimen-tal capabilities in its energy range, aswell as in superconducting radio fre-quency technology. They cited the Labfor its productive relationship with itsuser community and for the work sofar on the proposed 12 GeV upgrade.

Under Managerial Effectiveness,the Lab was complimented for its effi-cient and effective use of resources toenhance scientific outcomes at the Lab.Specifically, the Lab’s “superb” atten-tion to environmental safety and health,and the “excellent processes and uti-lization goals to sustain performance.”It was suggested that more attention bepaid to succession planning since theLab is “relatively lean” and “activities

are staffed only one or two peopledeep.”

Organizational Culture rated aHigh Outstanding by the committee.They described the Lab as “stand[ing]out among its DOE peers for its senseof community, both internal and exter-nal. …[S]taff members identify withthe Lab and its mission and have pridein contributing to its success. There isbroad appreciation of the benefits ofhaving a diverse staff. …Perhaps themost concrete manifestation of thesuperb organizational culture is theextensive volunteer work that the staffperforms in the local community, par-ticularly with respect to K–12 educa-tion. The committee also noted withregard to user communications “theavailability of information on theprocesses and rationale of resourceallocations can be improved.”

Overall, the six-member committeewas impressed with the overall highquality of the Lab, including both itsscience program and its cost-effectiveapproach to management.

A small delegation from theLab visited with theHonorable John Warner,Virginia’s senior senator, inWashington, D.C. onDecember 14. They deliveredcopies of the Lab’s new videoto Senator Warner. Here FredDylla (left), Free ElectronLaser program manager, andJLab’s Interim DirectorChristoph Leemann discusshow the Lab’s research con-tinues to produce excellentresults..

4 ON TARGET • December 2000

One of the simplest is a proton with itsthree quarks. What we want to do issee how electrical charge, and thequarks, move around inside that pro-ton. We want to understand at whatenergies the effects of the quarks onthe proton form factor become impor-tant.”

To accomplish this, Hall A experi-menters are using a method known aspolarization transfer. In essence,researchers use an electron beam gen-erated by the JLab accelerator inwhich the spins of most of the elec-trons are aligned with beam direction.When the beam strikes a liquid hydro-gen target, spin is transferred from theelectrons to the protons. With beamenergies approaching six billion elec-tron volts, or 6 GeV, the electrons arevigorous enough to interact with indi-vidual quarks, in specific ways thatcan then be analyzed to indicate theproton’s charge and current distribu-tions.

Without an exceptional electronbeam, however, Brash says researchresults would likely be inconclusive.He credits the Lab’s technical prowessin enabling GEP-II to succeed as wellas it has. “[Beam] quality is so good,of such high quality and energy, that itmakes experiments like this possible,”he says. “You can’t call the work donehere world-class. It’s world-beating.There’s no comparable facility like thisanywhere.”

A follow-on experiment, GEP-III,is envisioned, although not yetapproved by the Lab’s ProgramAdvisory Committee. While one ver-sion could be conducted at currentbeam energies, GEP-III may not takeplace until after JLab’s anticipatedenergy upgrade to 12 GeV.

“Our picture of the proton isincomplete,” Brash asserts. “New datafor the proton form factor will providesevere tests of both low and high ener-gy models of proton structure. In thissense, the interplay between experimentand theory is crucial.

For particle physicists, the best holi-day present would be a complete

understanding of the inner workings ofthe atomic nucleus. But that’s one gifteven Santa Claus can’t manage. Notthat Hall A researchers aren’t trying —at least as far as the proton is con-cerned.

The Hall’s latest investigation,begun on November 3, is slated toconclude December 19. Known tooriginators as GEP-II, the experimentaims to learn more about what physi-cists call the electric form factor of theproton. A more complete understand-ing of this key subatomic constituentis essential as scientists seek to accu-rately represent nuclear structure.Knowing the proton’s form factor,says Hall A experiment co-spokesper-son Edward Brash, should substantial-ly advance nuclear and particlephysics theory.

“The electric form factor is one ofthe most important parameters one canmeasure. This is a crucial experimentin this field,” he says. “In a sense,there’s no way that this [Hall A experi-ment] could fail. If it deviates fromtheory, that tells us something. If wedon’t see any deviation, that also tellsus something.”

A predecessor experiment, GEP, ranin Hall A in the summer of 1998.Results from that study, already pub-lished, paint a different picture of theproton’s structure than theorists hadexpected. The outcome was significantenough to send experimenters back toextend these measurements to higherenergies.

“The previous measurements andours differed,” Brash says. “The firstthing we did was to go back and reana-lyze the data. We confirmed that we haddone it right. Our results stand, and at ahigh level of scrutiny. Based on ourresults, the current theory based on thequark picture of the proton is incom-plete.”

Peeling the Onion Theoretical depictions of the sub-

atomic level have rough analogues inthe macroscopic world. Two objectsmade of the same material, with thesame density and mass, can neverthelesshave differing “matter distributions” inspace: among these a sphere, cube orpyramid.

“It’s like looking into an onion. Asyou peel deeper, you realize there aresublayers,” Brash explains. “If you’regoing to understand bigger systems,then you need to start with the simplest.

GEP-II takes offHall A experiment peers deeper into proton’s structureby James Schultz

Krishni Wijesooriya, a post doctoral candidate from Argonne National Lab, pullsa shift in the Hall A control room during the run of GEP-II.

5December 2000 • ON TARGET

Welcome aboard!Ernst: Man of many talents, interests joins Theory Group

David J. Ernst is taking a year offfrom his academic and managerial

duties at Vanderbilt University to pur-sue his interests in nucleon structure atJefferson Lab. He’s also providing theLab with assistance and guidance inseveral areas of expertise.

He’s been assigned to the TheoryGroup since August and will staythrough September 2001. The physicistdescribes his research interests asoverlapping with much of the experi-mental program found at JLab. He iscurrently working on meson contribu-tions to the structure of baryons anddeveloping collision models forBrookhaven’s Relativistic Heavy IonCollider (RHIC).

One particular area of interest forErnst is the Free Electron Laser. He isworking with Gwyn Williams, FELBasic Research Program manager, todevelop a Department of Energy sup-ported science research program forthe FEL.

In addition to his research interestsin JLab, Ernst is chair of theSoutheastern Universities ResearchAssociation Board of Trustees — the53-university strong consortium thatoversees the Lab.

Ernst also serves on a joint com-mittee of the National Society of

Hispanic Physicists, the NationalSociety of Black Physicists and theCommittee on Minorities of theAmerican Physical Society that isstudying the lack of minority seniorphysicists at DOE laboratories. Ernst isworking to establish a constructive dia-logue between this committee andJefferson Lab.

The physicist is enjoying his workand collaborations at the Lab. “Coming

here has been a great opportunity topursue my interests,” he said, “and anice change of pace.” Before leavingVanderbilt he was the physics depart-ment chair, an associate dean forresearch, and the interim director ofthe W.M. Keck Foundation FreeElectron Laser Center.

Ernst and his wife, Vicki, areenjoying eastern Virginia’s manyparks, events, and historic attractions.

In October, the Department ofEnergy’s Internet web page took on

a new look and a new name. The pub-lications and features are still there,but now the web page boasts improvedtopical navigation to help the publicfind information more easily.

“We want to put www.energy.govto work for you,” says DOE’s KathyMcShea. “You may want to reset yourbookmarks using the new name andconsider making energy.gov yourhomepage.” Since October 2, visitorsto the www.doe.gov page have been

automatically redirected to the newsite, www.energy.gov.

The new design has created aninformative, relevant and user-friendlysite that appeals to the general public,according to McShea, helping themfind over 800 select web pages acrossDOE. Featured sites will change month-ly and all other links will be very dynam-ic, keeping the page fresh and current.

The new doe.gov web site is in stepwith the White House Directive on e-Government and the recent launch ofthe http://www.Firstgov.gov portal.

The web site is designed to be ofbenefit to the public and to theDepartment of Energy by making iteasier for people to find DOE’s web-based information, products and ser-vices.

Questions about the new web siteshould be directed to McShea, at(202)586-1908, or e-mailkathleen.mcshea@hq.doe.gov.

Check it outDOE web page takes on new address, user-friendly format

David Ernst was instrumental in bringing to JLab the antique instruments on dis-play in CEBAF Center. Many of the instruments were used to conduct physicsexperiments at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., in the late 1800s.

ON TARGET • December 20006

Using light to fight old foesARC team goes to war against infectious diseaseby Zhengmao Zhu

Aresearch collaboration betweenJefferson Lab and the College of

William and Mary, and led by MichaelJ. Kelley, is interested in a relativelynovel approach to infectious diseasecontrol. They are turning material sur-faces that would normally supportmicroorganisms into antimicrobialenvironments.

These antimicrobial surfaces couldbe used on everyday products todestroy a segment of the path that adisease-inducing microorganismmight travel to reach a victim. Suchstrategic positioning includes the med-ical garments and furnishings in hos-pitals, air conditioning filters and foodpackaging. Turning such surfaces intoantimicrobial surfaces could help pre-vent infectious disease transmission.

The war against infectious diseases— one of the most formidable ene-mies of mankind — is getting tougherand tougher. As we win battles by pre-scribing patients antibiotics, microbesare evolving to become invulnerableto the most frequently deployed ofthese medications: antibiotic resis-tance. As disease-inducing microor-ganisms gain resistance, infectiousdisease specialists and pharmaceuticalresearchers must work harder todevelop novel agents to win furtherbattles.

The costs of discovering, develop-ing, testing, and approving new antibi-otics continue to escalate while suc-cess is never guaranteed. Moreover,the life span of new antibiotics is get-ting shorter and shorter with fasteremergence of resistance. As keepingpace with antibiotic resistancebecomes more difficult, some peoplehave posed the question, “Willhumans eventually lose the waragainst infectious disease?” “If thereis no effective treatment, how can wecontrol the spread of dangerousmicrobes?”

Fortunately, this is where theresearch being done here could pay

bial polymer, which has proved effec-tive in killing microorganisms.However, the high cost of laser pro-cessing currently prevents this antimi-crobial polymer from being used incommercial products. In contrast tolasers, ultraviolet lamps operate atmuch lower cost. Now the questionbecomes, “Can an intensive ultravioletlamp do the same job?” The researchteam is still trying to find the answerand extensive microbiological tests ofthe antimicrobial polymer are yet to bedone. The war against infectious dis-ease continues. Nevertheless, we canhope we will win the battle of thepolymer surface.

Editor’s note: Zhengmao Zhu is aWilliam and Mary applied science pro-gram graduate student currently work-ing for Michael Kelley. Other partnersin the project include DuPont, Kellogg,and Temple University Hospital.

off with a new weapon inour defense arsenal. Kelley,a joint appointee of JLaband William and Mary, andhis team are delving intoinfection control tech-niques. By these means,humankind finds or devisesways to prevent our minis-cule but potentially deadlyenemies from expandingtheir territory. Infectioncontrol techniques includesuch simple things aswashing hands more oftenand more thoroughly, inaddition to the antimicro-bial surface research.

Making an antimicro-bial surface isn’t a newidea. Decades ago, wecould make antimicrobialsurfaces by adding toxicentities. These antimicro-bials work very much likeantiseptic-soaked wipes.Since these toxic agents arefree to move about, these antimicrobialsurfaces cannot be made into clothesor used to wrap food. Such applica-tions require safely binding the harshchemical to a material’s surface.

The team’s challenge is to createand determine ways to economicallyproduce safe surface-bound antimicro-bials. Their current research subject isa widely used commercial polymer,nylon, which can be found nearlyeverywhere including garments, pack-aging materials, or home furnishings.The research initiative is based uponfindings that intense ultraviolet lightcould induce certain chemical process-es and create antimicrobial entities ona processed nylon surface. Theseantimicrobials are surface bound andthus will not contaminate materials oncontact.

Using a highly intensive ultravioletlaser, the research team has successful-ly converted nylon into an antimicro-

Michael Kelley sets up an experiment in hisARC laboratory.

December 2000 • ON TARGET 7

will be mailed to the same address asthe one shown on your paycheck ordirect deposit slip.

To ensure you receive your W-2,verify that the address listed is correcton these documents.

Anyone needing to update theirmailing address should see KishaOwens, Human Resources, room 40-Ain the VARC to fill out a change-of-address form.

Federal and state W-4 withholdingforms can be obtained from Owens oroutside room 18 in the VARC for any-one needing to change their federal orstate withholding rate. As a reminder,any employee claiming tax exemptstatus on their W-4 must complete anew form and submit it to the Payrollsection (room 18, VARC) no later thanFebruary 15, 2001.

Flu vaccine is hereMedical Services has influenza

vaccine available.Anyone interested in receiving the

vaccine (while supplies last) may doso by calling Medical Services at ext.6269 to make an appointment. As inyears past, requests are handled on afirst-come, first-served basis.

For more information contact VickiBarnett, Medical Services, ext. 6269or vbarnett@jlab.org.

Milestonesfor December 2000

Hello

David B. Bigelow, MechanicalVacuum Technician, AcceleratorDivision

Jonathan A. Crist, Mechanical VacuumTechnician, Accelerator Division

Christopher Slominski, ControlSystem Computer Scientist,Accelerator Division

Darrell A. Spraggins, AcceleratorOperator, Accelerator Division

Robert M. Staron, DatabaseProgrammer/Analyst, Physics Division

Catherine Thomas, AcceleratorPhysicist (SRF), Accelerator Division

Sherman R. White, SystemsAdministrator (Support), PhysicsDivision

Goodbye

Paulo S. Medeiros, Hall C Designer,Physics Division

Michael D. Steigerwald, ElectronInjector Scientist, Accelerator Division

Dunxiong Wang, AcceleratorPhysicist, Accelerator Division

“Milestones” highlights the achievements ofJLab staff and users, full-time and term newhires, separations and retirements. To submitstaff or users’ promotions, special honors andawards send information to magaldi@jlab.orgor call ext. 5102.

Should I come to workafter the storm?

Virginia’s ever-changing winterweather is with us once again. Whichleads to the question, “If the weathergets bad, how will I know if I shouldcome to work?”

In the event of snow, sleet or freez-ing rain, you may turn to the followingmedia for JLab work cancellation ordelay announcements: WTKR-TV(CBS), WAVY-TV (NBC), WVEC-TV(ABC), or tune in radio stationsWNIS-AM (790), WTAR-AM (850),WCMS-AM (1050), WCMS-FM(100.5), WWDE-FM (101.3) orWHRO-FM (89.5) If you’re still notsure what you should do, call the Labat 269-7100.

W-2 forms to be mailedno later than Jan. 31

Business Services reminds all Labstaff that W-2 tax forms will be sentout by Wednesday, January 31. W-2s

Briefs

More than 250 Lab employeesand users turned out for theNovember 16 Admin Fair.Informational booths staffed bymembers of Plant Engineering,Procurement, Payroll, AccountsPayable, Travel, InformationResources, Telecommunications,Training and many other officesfilled the atrium and great hall-way of CEBAF Center.Informational presentations ranall day in the auditorium and asteady stream of people tookadvantage of the mild weatherto visit the Residence Facility.

ON TARGET • December 20008

Jefferson Lab/MS 12C12000 Jefferson AvenueNewport News, VA 23606

Check Us out on the Internet:

www.jlab.org

On Target is published by theThomas Jefferson National AcceleratorFacility, a national nuclear physicsresearch laboratory in Newport News,VA, operated by the SoutheasternUniversities Research Association forthe U.S. Department of Energy. Newsitems are published on a space-availablebasis and are subject to editing. Submitnews items to the Jefferson Lab PublicAffairs Office, MS12C, 12000 JeffersonAvenue, Newport News, VA 23606.

EditorsLinda Ware

Debbie Magaldi

Contributing WriterJames Schultz

PhotographerGreg Adams

At a GlanceCalendar of JLab activities and events

The Department of Motor Vehiclesmobile customer service center

will make monthly visits to JeffersonLab throughout 2001.Take advantage of this convenientopportunity to take care of a numberof your driving and vehicle needs,urges Cela Callaghan, AcceleratorDivision. “Using this service allowsyou to save your vacation time andSaturday mornings for other activi-ties,” she points out.People may visit the mobile unit to:

• Take driver’s license writtentests

• Obtain an original driver’slicense

• Get a duplicate driver’s license• Renew their driver’s license• Get a copy of their driving

record report• Take the Commercial Driver’s

License written test• Update driver information

(address, name changes, etc.)• Obtain photo identification

cards• Register, renew and title vehi-

cles• Turn in license plates and vehi-

cle registrations• Obtain vehicle license plate

decalsIndividuals with other types of DMV-related questions are welcome to stopby the mobile customer service centerfor information.

The scheduled visit dates for 2001are: January 22, February 26, March26, April 23, May 21, June 25, July 23,August 27, September 24, October 22and November 26. DMV won’t visitJLab in December 2001. The visits arescheduled for the fourth Monday ofeach month, except for the May visit,which is the third Monday.

On visit days, the DMV mobile unitsits in the parking lot behind theForestry Building (#19) from 9 a.m.– 4p.m.

DMV-On-WheelsMobile customer service center provides quick, convenient service

Jan. 22: DMV mobile unit visits Labfrom 9 a.m.– 4 p.m. in the parking lotbehind the Forestry building. See briefon this page for more information.Jan. 25: Red Cross blood drive atJLab from 10 a.m.–4 p.m. in CEBAF

Center L102/L104. Call Vicki Barnett,ext. 6269 for more information or tohelp with the activity.Feb. 28: DMV mobile unit visits Lab.March 26: DMV mobile unit visitsLab.