Improving Prince Laboratory: Environmental Design 2

Designing Light | Sound Environmental Control Systems II Improving Prince Lab

Group 8: Adrian Au, Seoyoon Stacy Choi, Shu Chi Pony Weng, Caitlin Weisman, Rawan Al-Saffar

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program


Site Location

The Prince lab engineering department is three blocks east of the Brown University main green. The building is directly connected to the Barus and Holey Building. Circulation through and around the building does not follow a consistent routine. Depending on the projects assigned in the lab there can be anywhere from 5 to 50 students in the lab at one time. Even though B is on the main facade, it is the least used. Because of this, students prefer to go through the Barus and Holey entrances D and A to enter the lab.

A.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

B.

D.

E.

C.

QUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSISContext

The Prince lab engineering department is three blocks east of the brown university main green. The building is directly connected to the Barus and Holey building.Circulation through and arround the building doesn’t follow a consistent routine. Depending on the projects assigned in the lab there can be anywhere from 50 to 5 students in the lab at one time.Even though Entrance B is on the main facade, it is the least used. Students prefer to go through the Barus and Holey entrances D and A to enter the lab.

Site Physical Attributes

There is a combination of vegetation and paving the surround the Prince lab. The main entrance had a paved path with a stretched lawn on either side, two rows of planted trees and a seating area made of stone by the entrance. On the Western facade of the building, there is minimal vegetation not really indicating it as an entrance. Behind Prince lab there is a large parking lot for the building staff.

QUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSISPhysical Attributes

There is a combination of vegetation and paving that surrounds the Prince lab building.The main entrance has a paved path with a stretch of lawn on either side, 2 rows of planted trees and a seating area made of stone by the entrance.on the Western facade of the building there is minimal vegetation not really indicating it as an entrance.Behind prince lab there is a large parking lot for the building staff.

Northern elevation

Southern Elevation- seating area

Western Elevation

Main entrance

Lab parking lot

The North side of the building holds a lot of the mechanical equipment of the building like the main power box and ventilation of all the shops. There is also drainage here to prevent water from flooding the asphalt ground.

Northern Elevation

The North side of the building holds a lot of the mechanical equipment like the main power box and ventilation of all the shops. There is also drainage to prevent water from flooding the asphalt ground.


QUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSISHistory

The East Side Tunnel rst opened in 1908, running fromWaterman and Thayer to Amy and Gano. The tunnel runs under Prince Laboratory. However, the tunnel was abandoned and sealed in 1981. The tunnel, constructed out of reinforcedconcrete, is 22 feet tall and 30 feet wide.

Gano Street

Amy Street

Waterman Street

Thayer Street

Site Physical Attributes

The East side Tunnel first opened in 1908, running from Waterman and Thayer to Amy and Gano streets. The tunnel runs under Prince Laboratory as well. However, the tunnel was abandoned and sealed in 1981. Constructed out of reinforced concrete, the tunnel is 22 feet tall and 30 feet wide.

Qualitative Analysis: Site Location, Site physical attributes, Circulation, Current program,

Current Circulation

Primary Circulation

Egrees

Circulation

Primary Circulation

Egrees

Circulation

Primary Circulation

Egress


Current Program Layout

O�ce

Student Workspace

Wind Tunnel

Jeppis Shop

Storage

Old Program Organization

Offices

Student Workshop

Wind Tunnel

Jepis Shop

Storage

O�ce

Student Workspace

Wind Tunnel

Jeppis Shop

Storage

Old Program Organization


Winter | Summer Solstice Sun AnglesQUALITATIVE SITE ANALYSISLight

Winter solstice sun angle: 24.67December 22

Equation:90 - (latitude - subsolar point)= 90 - (41.823 - 23.5)= 24.67

Summer solstice sun angle: 71.67June 22

Equation:90 - (latitude - subsolar point)= 90 - (41.823 - 23.5)= 71.67

Horizon Shading Mask: Exterior, Location of Points, Recording, Interior, Location of Points, Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior

HORIZON SHADING MASKExterior


Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior | Location of Points

LOCATION OF POINTSExterior


RECORDINGExterior


Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior | Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Exterior

PLOTTING POSITIONSExterior


Horizon Shading Mask | Interior

HORIZON SHADING MASKInterior


LOCATION OF POINTSInterior

A1,

A2

A3,

A4

A5

B1,

B2

B3,

B4

B5

C1,

C2

C3,

C4

C5

D1,

D2

D3,

D4

D5

E1,

E2

E3,

E4

E5

F1, F

2

F3, F

4 F5

G1,

G2

G3,

G4

G5

H1,

H2

H3,

H4

H5

I1, I

2

I3, I

4 I5

J1, J

2

J3, J

4 J5

K1,

K2

K3,

K4

K5

L1, L

2

L3, L

4 L5

M1,

M2

M3,

M4

M5


Horizon Shading Mask | Interior | Location of Points

LOCATION OF POINTSInterior

*Point of consideration taken at 3 feet above ground (2nd oor), average table

height.

M L K J I H G F E D C B A

* Point of consideration taken at 3 feet above ground (2nd FL), average table height, 3 feet.

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior | Location of Points



Point

A1A2A3A4A5

B1B2B3B4B5

C1C2C3C4C5

D1D2D3D4D5

E1E2E3E4E5

Height

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

Pro le Angle

8.07°7.29°8.26°9.17°9.56°

9.26°8.34°9.63°10.68°11.04°

10.79°9.73°11.42°12.65°12.96°

12.80°11.55°13.71°15.18°15.45°

15.35°15.88°16.58°18.30°18.57°

Point

F1F2F3F4F5

G1G2G3G4G5

H1H2H3H4H5

I1I2I3I4I5

J1J2J3J4J5

Height

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

Pro le Angle

18.50°16.75°18.76°20.68°21.75°

20.77°19.85°18.89°20.82°23.30°

20.74°18.81°16.79°18.55°22.12°

18.36°16.62°14.05°15.55°18.75°

15.36°13.89°11.65°12.91°15.60°

Point

K1K2K3K4K5

L1L2L3L4L5

M1M2M3M4M5

Height

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

17.60’15.84’15.84’17.60’19.62’

Pro le Angle

12.76°11.52°9.80°10.87°13.07°

10.76°9.70°8.38°9.32°11.11°

9.19°8.30°7.29°8.09°9.60°

RECORDINGInterior

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior | Recording

Horizon Shading Mask | Interior


A1, A2A3, A4B1, B2A5

B3, B4, C1, C2

B5C5C3, C4, D1, D2

D5D3, D4E1, E2

E3, E4E5

G1, G

2

F5F3, F4

F1, F2

G3, G

4

G5

H1, H

2

H5

H3, H

4I1, I2

I5

I3, I4J1, J2

J5J3, J4

K1, K2

K5K3, K4

L1, L2

L3, L4L5

M3, M4 M1, M2M5

PLOTTING POSITIONSInterior

Shadow Casting : Shadow casted on site hourly, Compiled

Shadow Casting | Site | September 21st, 2011

SHADOW CASTINGSeptember 21st

9:00am 10:00am 11:00am

12:00pm 1:00pm 2:00pm 3:00pm

Shadow Casting : Shadow casted on site hourly, Compiled

Shadow Casting | Site | September 21st, 2011

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting consumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Electrical Lighting Survey

1. The current existing electrical lighting environment relies mostly on fluorescent lighting rather than natural lighting. From the lobby entrance there are three fluorescent light fixtures that light up the room which are fairly dim. When walking into the double story space facing the entrance of the wood shop, the average fc is 15. The student working space is the brightest compared to the entrance lobby or the circulation spaces and the darkest part of the building is the offices located on the south facade of the first floor with minimum daylight. The color quality of the lights is mainly bright white and yellow in certain rooms like the garage near the entrance. Without natural light, there a total of 576 light fixtures and a total of 1,152 lamps in the area.

2. Artificial Lighting photos without daylight. (April 29th, 2012 9:00 pm)

Existing Lighting Quality

Existing Conditions: Light Diagram, Sound Diagram

Light

Dark

Existing Sound Quality


Loud

Quiet

Loud

Quiet

Types of Light Fixtures

There are three different fixtures that are used in the lab. For the lobby and office spaces located on the first floor, the fixtures used are lamp prismatic wraparounds, that have a quality of diffusing light off of a direct fluorescent lamp. In the work spaces, there are diffuse aluminum reflectors with a 35 ° CW shielding. For the upper classrooms there are diffused aluminum reflectors with a 35 ° CW x 35 ° LW shielding .


Data for each Room


RoomNumber

200200A201202203204206206A214218219220220A220B220C221221A210211212213215209208207

Stairwell222222A223

305310310A312313

Area(sq. ft)

384452197127381458229228409410561

312014759459

962472112112229465225230230229

328912203289

11001248164233230

Program

EntranceEntrance foyer

OfficeOffice

StorageOfficeOfficeOffice

StorageStorage

Jepis officeJEPIS wood shop

Jepis officeWood shop

StorageEquipment/storageStudent work space

OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeLab

OfficeOffice

CirculationStudent work space

ClassroomWind tunnel

Computer lab (open)Desks (enclosed)Conference roomConference room

Office

Hours/Day

1010771777118

108

1011

1277777777

241255

710557

Days/Week

77555555557777557555555557757

77555

Lamp Type

FluorescentFluorescent Flo-

rescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescent

Fluorescent Fluo-rescent

FluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescent

FluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescent

Fixture Type No. Lamps

216348

126396

406

302

18144

336

12666

113

1081090

1011122

Power (KW)

0.060.030.18 0.090.12 0.24 0.360.180.090.27 0.18 1.2 0.18 0.9 0.06 0.54 4.32 0.090.090.18 0.36 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.33 0.093.240.032.70

0.30.330.030.060.06

1

7111310101112138

1015313222109

24152012191220121913322332

2320161623

Sur-face

71116211520202113142235331919185430242523152515 1920434035

122934

Prismatic bottom and sides


Diffuse aluminum reflector w/ shielding






Metal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shielding

Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides

Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides


Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides

Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides





Average

610

15.218.412.618.416

18.810

10.214.223.433

15.815

13.636

19.616.816.816

13.821.816.822

13.530.426

27.8

1929

25.220.840.8

Notes

Door to outsideDark

Yellow light

Dark intentional

Dim

Enclosed

Opaque window

ProjectorBlue wall

2

412152312241624108

1530331415123024162315162416246

252225

2233212460

3

65

16181418151799

1622371514132713101011121820278

202124

2142341642

4

61117201219171910101819309

171625161414121422212127322423

2121212456

Calculations

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting comsumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

RoomNumber

200200A201202203204206206A214218219220220A220B220C221221A210211212213215209208207

Stairwell222222A223

305310310A312313

Area(sq. ft)

384452197127381458229228409410561

312014759459

962472112112229465225230230229

328912203289

11001248164233230

Program

EntranceEntrance foyer

OfficeOffice

StorageOfficeOfficeOffice

StorageStorage

Jepis officeJEPIS wood shop

Jepis officeWood shop

StorageEquipment/storageStudent work space

OfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeOfficeLab

OfficeOffice

CirculationStudent work space

ClassroomWind tunnel

Computer lab (open)Desks (enclosed)Conference roomConference room

Office

Hours/Day

1010771777118

108

1011

1277777777

241255

710557

Days/Week

77555555557777557555555557757

77555

Lamp Type

FluorescentFluorescent Fluo-

rescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescent

Fluorescent Fluo-rescent

FluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescent

FluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescentFluorescent

Fixture Type No. Lamps

216348

126396

406

302

18144

336

12666

113

1081090

1011122

Power (KW)

0.060.030.18 0.090.12 0.24 0.360.180.090.27 0.18 1.2 0.18 0.9 0.06 0.54 4.32 0.090.090.18 0.36 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.33 0.093.240.032.70

0.30.330.030.060.06









Metal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shieldingMetal diffusing sides with shielding

Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides

Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides


Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides

Prismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sidesPrismatic bottom and sides





Total : 76,990.56

Energy/WeekkW/h

4.22.16.3

3.150.68.4

12.66.3

0.451.35

10.0884

10.8630.32.7

362.883.153.156.3

12.66.36.36.3

11.5515.12

272.120.7594.5

14.723.10.751.52.1

Energy/MonthkW/h

16.88.4

25.212.62.4

33.650.425.21.85.4

40.3233643.22521.2

10.83628.8

12.612.625.250.425.225.225.246.2

60.481088.48

3378

58.892.4

36

8.4

Energy/YearkW/h

201.6100.8302.4151.228.8

403.2604.8302.421.664.8

483.844032518.4302414.4

129.643545.6

151.2151.2302.4604.8302.4302.4302.4554.4

725.7613061.76

364536

705.61108.8

3672

100.8

Energy/DaykW/h

0.60.3

1.260.630.121.682.521.260.090.271.4412

1.449

0.060.54

51.840.630.631.262.521.261.261.262.312.16

38.880.1513.5

2.13.3

0.150.3

0.42

Electric Lighting Survey: Notes, Photos, Fixture Type, Reading, Estimate, Record, Total Lighting Power, Average Value of Light Level, Hours per year light is on, Lighting comsumption, Lighting per cost, Lighting Power Density, Lighting Efficacy.

Existing

1. Lighting Energy Consumption per year

Total Lighting Cost Per Year: 76,990.56 kW/h

2. Lighting cost per year ($ to be determined per kWh)

76,990.56 kW/h x $ 0.07 = $ 5389.33 per year $ 449.111 per month

3. Lighting power density (W/ft2)

76,990.56 kW/h / 28363.85 ft2 = 2.7143 W/ft2

4. Lighting Efficacy (lumens/W)

2709015 lumens/

Lighting Consumption

Proposed

1. Lighting Energy Consumption per year

Total Lighting Cost Per Year: 57,742.5 kW/h

2. Lighting cost per year ($ to be determined per kWh)

57,742.5 kW/h x $ 0.07 = $ 4041.9 per year $ 336.83 per month

3. Lighting power density (W/ft2)

57,742.5 kW/h / 28363.85 ft2 = 2.04 W/ft2

4. Lighting Efficacy (lumens/W)

2031761.25 lumens/

Our group proposed four main changes that could be made in Prince lab.

1. New Programmatic Layout

2. Light Scoops for Circulations

3. Artificial Lighting Grid System

4. Skylight Strategy

Poposals

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Proposals



Poposals | New Program Layout

Lounge, Lobby

Computer Lab

Office

Student Workshop

Wind Tunnel

Jepis Shop

Storage

Circulation

Classroom

Lounge/lobby

Computer Lab

Office

Student Workspace

Wind Tunnel

Jeppis Shop

Storage

Circulation

Classroom

New Program Organization

Lounge/lobby

Computer Lab

Office

Student Workspace

Wind Tunnel

Jeppis Shop

Storage

Circulation

Classroom

New Program Organization

Proposals


10” below pitch

2’ below pitch

3’ below pitch

2’ below pitch 10 degree rotation

2’ below pitch Panel deformation

December 21st, 8 a.m December 21st, 12 p.m December 21st, 4 p.m


Poposals | Light Scoops


Corridor Section showing collective panels

December 21, 8 a.m



December 21, 12 p.m




December 21, 4 p.m



Light Scoop Daylight Method Calculations

Recommended (for hallway): 1.5 ~ 2.5 %

A. DF = SC + ERC + IRC

No external obstructionWindow transmittance: 70% or 0.7

D = 5’ 5” (65”)W = 7’ 1” (85”)H = 22’ 7” (271”)

W/D = 1.3H/D = 4.1SC = (SCw – SCo) t = 10 x 0.7 = 7%

B. Find IRC:(0.85 x A window)/ [A total – (1 – P Average)] x (C x Pfw) + (5 x Pcw) = IRC

P

0.85

0.12

0.45

0.15

A x P

143

19

51

4.5

Floor: Dark wood

Walls: White paint

Ceiling: White paint

Glass: Clear

Pfw = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.12)/267= (56.5 x 0.45) +(154 x 0.12)/267= (25.425) + (18.48)/267= 0.16

Pcw = = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.85)/282= (25.425) + (169 x 0.85)/282= (169.075)/282= 0.59

IRC = [0.85 x 30 ft2/466 x (1 – 0.46)] x (39 x 0.16) + (5 x 0.59)= 25.5/251.64 x (6.24) + (2.95)= 1.35%DF = 7% + 1.35% = 8.35%

Area (ft2)

Ceiling: 169

Floor: 154

Walls: 279

Glass: 30

Total: 466

P

0.85

0.12

0.45

0.15

A x P

143

19

125.55

4.5

P average: 292/632 = 0.46

Proposed

Pfw = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.12)/293.5= (139.5 x 0.45) +(154 x 0.12)/293.5= (62.77) + (18.48)/267= 0.27

Pcw = = (1/2 wall area x 0.45) + (floor area x 0.85)/308.5= (62.77) + (169 x 0.85)/308.5= 0.67

IRC = [0.85 x 30 ft2/632 x (1 – 0.46)] x (39 x 0.27) + (5 x 0.67)= 0.02 x (10.54) + (3.3)= 2.7%DF = 7% + 2.7% = 9.7%



Photos of Physical Model | 1/2 Scale


Rendered Views of Light ScoopsWinter Solstice December 22, 2011

9am ~ 10 am

11am ~ 12 pm

1pm ~ 2 pm

3pm and 7 pm

Proposals | Artificial Lighting Grid System | Coefficient of utilization


Proposals | Artificial Lighting Grid System | Plan



Artificial Lighting Grid System | Calculations

Room Identification: Student Workspace 1

Illuminance: 50 Fc

Luminaire Data

Designation: SemidirectLamps per Luminaire: 2LDD: 0.85

Lamp Data

Designation: FluorescentInitial Output: 3,150 lm

Lumens per Luminaire: 6,300

Hcc: 4’3”Hrc: 15’3”Hfc: 3’

Length: 116’ Width: 52’ Height: 22’6”

Ceiling Cavity Ratio: 0.56Room Cavity Ratio: 2.1Floor Cavity Ratio: 0.41

Ceiling cavity reflectance: 71%Floor cavity reflectance: 28%Coefficient of utilization: 0.70Adjusted CU: 0.74

Fc = 70.3

Proposed

Illuminance: 50 Fc

Luminaire Data

Designation: Semi directLamps per Luminaire: 2LDD: 0.85

Lamp Data

Designation: FluorescentInitial Output: 3,150 lm

Lumens per Luminaire: 6,300

Hcc: 13’Hrc: 7’Hfc: 3’

Length: 116’ Width: 52’ Height: 22’6”

Ceiling Cavity Ratio: 1.8Room Cavity Ratio: 0.9Floor Cavity Ratio: 0.4

Ceiling cavity reflectance: 54%Floor cavity reflectance: 28%Coefficient of utilitzation: 0.65Adjusted CU: 0.67

Fc = 60.6


Photos of Physical Model | 1/2 Scale

Rendered Views of Artificial Lighting Grid


Winter Solstice December 22, 2011

12pm


Proposals | Sky Light Strategy

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Existing Daylight Factor


90o Solar altitude (clear Sky, Unglazed aperture)10 dots= 10x0.1%= 1% daylight factor

75o Solar altitude (Clear Sky, Unglazed aperture)8 dots= 8x0.1%= 0.8% daylight factor

60o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture)8 dots= 8x0.1%= 0.8% daylight factor

45o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture)14 dots= 14x 0.1%= 1.4% daylight factor

30o solar altitude ( clear sky, unglazed aperture)25 dots= 25x 0.1%= 2.5% daylight factor

15o solar altitude ( clear sky,unglazed aperture)32 dots= 32x 0.1%= 3.2% daylight factor


Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Proposed Daylight Factor

1 2

4 6

3

5

7 98

Daylight factor for Horizontal skylights

A= ( DF average)x(A floor)/ AEA= required area of aperture (ft2)DF average= Target daylight factorA floor= illuminated floor area (ft2)AE=Aperture effectiveness factorDF= 5% which means 0.05A floor= 9339.759AE= 0.5A= (0.05)(9339.759)/0.5= 933.976 ft2If each skylight is 4ftx4ft the ft2= 16933.976/16= 58 skylights

The number of skylights used in the design is 55

Sky Light Daylight Method Calculations


Horizon Shading Mask with Azimuth Angles

Skylight Azimuth (o) Profile Angle (0)1 A 5.45 37.06 B 15.97 34.44 C 19.47 39.72 D 6.72 42.952 A 23.23 32.81 B 31.79 36.65 C 37.45 36.65 D 27.94 37.93 A 39.03 30.4 B 45.04 36.67 C 51.056 28.88 D 45.05 33.374 A 64.08 82.04 B 80.80 67.88 C 116.78 65.80 D 146.55 77.155 A 83.83 58.82 B 85.72 50.67 C 103.11 50 D 108.60 57.596 A 86.73 43.05 B 87.35 35.43 C 98.21 35.28 D 100.1 42.657 A 174 39.74 B 162.50 36.86 C 165.40 34.54 D 175.04 32.158 A 154.69 35.4 B 145.66 34.62 C 150.55 31.17 D 158.65 31.039 A 138.22 31.94 B 132.18 27.83 C 137.64 29.06 D 143.56 25.64

90o Solar altitude (clear Sky, Unglazed aperture)60 dots= 60x 0.1%= 6% daylight factor

75o Solar altitude (Clear Sky, Unglazed aperture)90 dots= 90X 0.1%= 9% daylight factor

60o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture)121 dots= 121X 0.1%= 12% daylight factor

45o solar altitude (clear sky, unglazed aperture)138 dots= 13.8 % daylight factor

30o solar altitude ( clear sky, unglazed aperture)125 dots= 12.5% Daylight factor

15o solar altitude ( clear sky,unglazed aperture)106 dots= 10.6% Daylight factors

Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Proposed Daylight Factor


Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Section Details

Winter Solstice

December 22, 2011


Proposals | Sky Light Strategy | Section Details

Summer Solstice

June 22, 2011

Photos of Physical Model | Full Scale

Proposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight StrategyProposals: New Programmatic Layout, Light Scoops for Circulation, Artificial Lighting Grid System, Skylight Strategy

Without Diffusers

With Diffusers

Rendered Views of Sky Lights


Winter Solstice December 22, 2011

1pm

Summer Solstice June 22, 2011

1pm

Photovoltaics: Power consumption, Sizing PV Modules, Placement of PV Modules, Section Details

1. Determine Power Consumption Demands A. Total Power Consumption Per Day: 1,003.25 kWh/Day = 1,003,250 Wh/Day

March 4th, 2012 = 3,597,215.75 kW/h = 3,597,215,750 W/h March 3rd, 2012 = 3,596,212.50 kW/h = 3,596,212,500 W/h

B. Total kW/h per day needed from PV Modules

1,003.25 kW/h x 1.3 (the energy lost in the system) = 1,304.225 kWh/Day = 1,304,225 Wh/Day

2. Sizing PV Modules

A. Total W peak rating needed for PV Modules

Watt - Peak Rating: 1,304,225 Wh/Day / 4.60 = 283,527 Wp

Finding average “Panel Generation Factor“ = 4.60

Month Sun Hours/Day

Jan 3.10Feb 3.80Mar 4.60Apr 5.30 May 5.70Jun 6.00Jul 6.00Aug 5.60Sep 5.00Oct 4.30Nov 3.20Dec 2.70

Averge PGF 4.60

Photovoltaics | Calculations

B. Prince Lab PV Solar Supply: Watt-Hour/Day

Month Sun Hours/Day Watts Watt-Hours/Day Jan 3.10 28,440 88,164Feb 3.80 28,440 108,072Mar 4.60 28,440 130,824Apr 5.30 28,440 150,732May 5.70 28,440 162,108Jun 6.00 28,440 170,640Jul 6.00 28,440 170,640Aug 5.60 28,440 159,264Sep 5.00 28,440 142,200Oct 4.30 28,440 122,292Nov 3.20 28,440 91,008Dec 2.70 28,440 76,788 1,572,732/12 =131,061 Wh/Day Average

B. Number of Panels Needed: 283,527 / 240 (Watts Per Panel) = 1181.36 Panels

3. Selecting Type of Panel

Type: Monocrystalline Silicon

Size per panel: 5’ x 2’ = 10 ft2

Total Area of Coverage: 12,424.91 ft2

Existing

4. Determine Power Consumption with Solar Panels

Total Power Consumption Per Day (existing) = 1,003,250 Wh/Day

Convert to kWh: 1,003,250 Wh / 1,000 = 1003.25 kWh/Day

5. Costs

A. Existing Monthly Electric Bill Without Photovoltaics

Electric Bill Per Day (w/o solar panels): 1003.25 kWh x $0.07 = $70.22/Day

Electric Bill Per Month (w/o solar panels): $70.22 x 30 = $2106.82/Month

Photovoltaics | Calculations


Proposed

4. Determine Power Consumption with Solar Panels and New Light Grid

Total Power Consumption Per Day 966,742.58 Wh/Day(w/ new light grid)

- Power Provided By Solar Panels - 131,061 Wh/Day __________________Total Power Consumption with Solar Panels 835,681.58 Wh/Day

Convert to kWh: 835,681.58/1,000 = 835.68 kWh/Day

5. Costs

A. Monthly Electric Bill With Photovoltaics

Electric Bill Per Day (w/ solar panels): 835.68 kWh x $0.07 = $58.49/Day

Electric Bill Per Month (w/o solar panels): $58.49 x 30 = $1754.92/Month

C. Long-Term Costs vs. Savings

You save $351.90/Month $4222.80/Year

Cost per panel $500.00Cost for 1,181 panels: 1,181 x $500.00 = $590,500.00

Long term cost: $4222.8 x 25 years = $105,570.00

Photovoltaics | Roof Plan


Photovoltaics | Section Details

Winter Solstice NoonDecember 22, 2011


Summer Solstice NoonJune 22, 2011

Photovoltaics | Section Details


Photovoltaics | Detailed Section of Installation frame


Acoustics: Calculations, Material Proposal

Acoustics

Existing

Find Room Absorption For Wood Shop (in Sabins)

Surface Area A : 61’ x 10’ = 610 sf B : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf C : 61’ x 10’ = 610 sf D : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf Ceiling : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf Floor ’ : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf

Total Room Absorption A : 610 x 0.05 = 30.5 sabins B : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins C : 610 x 0.05 = 30.5 sabins D : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins Ceiling : 3,233 x 0.02 = 64.66 sabins Floor : 3,233 sf x 0.02 = 64.66 sabins

TOTAL: 304.8 sabins


Acoustics

Wind Tunnel Wood ShopA

B

C

D

outside

outside

Noise Reduction between Wind Tunnel Room and Wood Shop (in dB)

1. NR = TL + 10 log a2/S

TL = 30 dB (16mm gypsum board at 500 Hz)

a2 = Total room absorption (after treatment) in receiving room (in sabins).

S = Surface area of common barrier (sf ).

NR = 30 + 10 log (304.8 / 610)

NR = 30 + 10 log (.5)

NR = 27 dB

2. Find the sound level L2 in Wood shop

NR = L1 - L2

L2 = L1 - NR

L2 = 135 dB - 27 dB L2 (Receiving wood shop) = 108 dB @ 500 Hz


Acoustics

Proposed

Find Room Absorption For Wood Shop (in Sabins)

Surface Area A : 61’ x 22’ = 1342 sf B : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf C : 61’ x 10’ = 610 sf D : 53’ x 22’ = 1,166 sf Ceiling : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf Floor ’ : 53’ x 61’ =3,233 sf

Total Room Absorption A : 1,342 x (0.31 + 0.08 + 0.68) = 1,047 sabins (double row of 2x4 wood studs 16 in oc with 3/8 gypsum board on both sides of construction, glass-fiber insulation in cavity) B : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins C : 610 x 0.05 = 30.5 sabins D : 1,166 x 0.06 = 57.24 sabins Ceiling : 3,233 x 0.02 = 64.66 sabins Floor : 3,233 sf x (0.18 + 0.02 + 0.68 + 0.10) = 3,168.34 sabins (reinforced concrete slab with wood flooring on wooden battens flaoted on glass fiber)

TOTAL: 4,814 sabins

Noise Reduction between Wind Tunnel Room and Wood Shop (in dB)

1. NR = TL + 10 log a2/S TL = 104 dB (lightweight concrete blocks with gypsum board both sides with glass-fiber insu-lation in cavity)

a2 = Total room absorption (after treatment) in receiving room (in sabins).

S = Surface area of common barrier (sf ).

NR = 102 + 10 log (4,814 / 1,342)

NR = 110 dB

2. Find the sound level L2 in Wood shop

NR = L1 - L2

L2 = L1 - NR

L2 = 135 dB - 110 dB L2 (Receiving wood shop) = 25 dB

Wind Tunnel Wood ShopA

B

C

D

outside

outside

Existing Lighting Quality


Light

Dark

Proposed Lighting Quality


Light

Dark

Light

Dark

Existing Sound Quality


Loud

Quiet

Loud

Quiet

Proposed Sound Quality


Loud

Quiet

Loud

Quiet

The EndEnvironmental Control Systems II Improving Prince Lab

Group 8: Adrian Au, Seoyoon Stacy Choi, Shu Chi Pony Weng, Caitlin Weisman, Rawan Al-Saffar


Improving Prince Laboratory: Environmental Design 2

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