Improving Achievement, Closing Gaps, and Preventing Dropouts · Source: EdTrust—West Transcript...
Transcript of Improving Achievement, Closing Gaps, and Preventing Dropouts · Source: EdTrust—West Transcript...
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Improving Achievement, Closing Gaps, and
Preventing Dropouts:
Where are we? What do we need to do?
Kilian Betlach, Policy & Practice AssociateThe Education Trust—West
Orange County Dropout Prevention SummitAnaheim, CA
February 19, 2009
2009 by The Education Trust-West
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California is hobbled by twin
achievement gaps…
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…first, between our state and the
rest of the nation
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2007 NAEP Grade 4 Reading Average Overall Scale Scores by State
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
Ave
rage
Sca
le S
co
re California
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, NAEP Data Explorer, http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/
Proficient Scale Score: 238
National Average
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2007 NAEP Grade 4 Reading Average Latino Scale Scores by State
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
Ave
rag
e S
ca
le S
co
re
National Average
California
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, NAEP Data Explorer, http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/
Proficient Scale Score: 238
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2007 NAEP Grade 8 Math Average Overall Scale Scores by State
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, NAEP Data Explorer, http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/
Proficient Scale Score: 299
California
National Average
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2007 NAEP Grade 8 Math Average African American Scale Scores by State
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, NAEP Data Explorer, http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/
Proficient Scale Score: 299
National Average
California
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Let’s be clear.
It’s not our demographics.
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2007 NAEP Grade 8 Math Average White Scale Scores by State
Source: National Center for Education Statistics, NAEP Data Explorer, http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/
Proficient Scale Score: 299National Average
California
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…second, between low-income
students and students of color and
their more advantaged peers
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CALIFORNIA
8th grade ELA, CST 2008
By Ethnicity
Source: California Department of Education, 2008
Source: California Department of Education, 2008
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CALIFORNIA
11th grade ELA, CST 2008
By Ethnicity
Source: California Department of Education data, 2008
Source: California Department of Education, 2008
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CALIFORNIA
Algebra I (Grades 7-11), CST 2008
By Ethnicity
Source: California Department of Education data, 2008
Source: California Department of Education, 2008
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CALIFORNIA
Algebra II (Grades 7-11), CST 2008
By Ethnicity
Source: California Department of Education data, 2008
Source: California Department of Education, 2008
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By the end?
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CALIFORNIA
Reported Graduation Rates, Class of 2007
Source: California Department of Education data, 2008
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CALIFORNIA
More Accurate Graduation Rates, Class of 2007
Source: Education Trust-West Analysis of CDE data, using the Manhattan Institute methodology
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What are they graduating with?
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COLLEGE-READY GRADUATION RATES
9th graders graduating four years later with A-G mastery*
Class of 2007
Source: ETW’s Raising the Roof, 2008, Manhattan Institute Methodology
*Students who have completed the A-
G course sequence with a “C” or better
in each class.
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COLLEGE READY GRADUATION RATES
CALIFORNIA
Class of 2004-Class of 2007
23% 25% 24% 24%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2004 2005 2006 2007
All Students
Source: ETW analysis of CDE data, using Manhattan Institute MethodologySource: ETW’s Raising the Roof, 2008, Manhattan Institute Methodology
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COLLEGE READY GRADUATION RATES
CALIFORNIA, By Ethnicity
Class of 2004- Class of 2007
23% 24%
15% 15%
12% 13%
32% 34%
50%55%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2004 2005 2006 2007
All
African AmericanLatino
White
Asian
Source: ETW analysis of CDE data, using Manhattan Institute MethodologySource: ETW’s Raising the Roof, 2008, Manhattan Institute Methodology
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CALIFORNIA
4-Year High School Dropout Rate, By Ethnicity
Class of 2007
Source: California Department of Education data, 2008
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CALIFORNIA
Grade 12 Dropouts
Class of 2004—Class of 2007
Source: ETW analysis of CDE data, using Manhattan Institute MethodologySource: California Department of Education, 2008
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Of Every 100 9th Graders in California:
20 Enroll in
community college
13 Enroll in a 4-year
state university
Class of 2007
Source: California Educational Opportunity Reports: African American and Latino, 2007. UCLA IDEA and UC ACCORD
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Of Every 100 African American 9th Graders in
California:
18 Enroll in
community college
9 Enroll in a 4-year
state university
Class of 2007
Source: California Educational Opportunity Reports: African American and Latino, 2007. UCLA IDEA and UC ACCORD
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Of Every 100 Latino 9th Graders in California:
17 Enroll in
community college
7 Enroll in a 4-year
state university
Class of 2007
Source: California Educational Opportunity Reports: African American and Latino, 2007. UCLA IDEA and UC ACCORD
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It doesn’t have to be this way
Two things we could do right now to better
understand this issue, raise achievement, and
prevent dropouts
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1) Prioritize accurate information
Build a comprehensive, longitudinal data
system with unique student identifiers
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∆ Bring CALPADS and CALTIDES fully
online
∆ Link to Higher Ed and social
service
∆ Utilize Federal Stimulus money
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2) Raise academic rigor for all
students
Align high school graduation requirements
with the UC/ CSU A-G course sequence
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Black & Latino Students: Fewer Enrolled in
Necessary A-G Courses by 12th Grade
Source: Finkelstein, N.D. and Fong, A.B. (2008). Course-taking patterns and preparation for postsecondary education in California’s public university system among minority youth. (Issues & Answers Report, REL 2008-No. 035). Washington, DC: US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Regional Educational Laboratory West. Retrieved fromhttp://ies.ed.gov/ncee/edlabs
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Many Senior Schedules Lack Any Rigor
Student A Student B Student C
• Concert Band
• Library Practice
• Office Practice
• American
Government
• Marching Band
• Teacher Assistant
• Art Fundamentals
• Senior Math
• Teacher Assistant
• Short Story
• Office Practice
• Early Departure
• Early Departure
• Late Arrival
• Concert Band
• Marching Band
• Senior Math
• Office Practice
• Latin American
Literature
• Food Service
• Early Departure
Source: EdTrust—West Transcript Analysis of unnamed Southern California District
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The success of San Jose Unified
dispels debilitating myths about
what kids—and adults—can achieve
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San José Unified Demographics
• 51% Hispanic
• 28% White
• 13% Asian
• 4% African/American
• 4% 0ther
Hispanic
White
Asian
AfricanAmer
Other
√ 39% Low SES
√ 28% EL
• 87% Spanish Speaking
Source: EdTrust West analysis of California Department of Education data
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46%52%
56%
70%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1999 2004 2005 2006
SJUSD Seniors who take at least one AP course
Source: EdTrust West analysis of California Department of Education data
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SJUSD Senior AP scores of 3 or higher
44%
57% 61%
78%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1999 2004 2005 2006
748 tests 1197 tests 1254 tests 1277 tests
Source: EdTrust West analysis of California Department of Education data
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SJUSD Graduation Rates
Source: Ed Trust West analysis of CA Dept of Ed data, 2007, using Manhattan Methodology
74% 74%69%71%72%77% 73% 73% 73%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
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SJUSD
Latino Graduates College-Ready
San Jose vs. California, 1994-2006
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
California San Jose
Source: EdTrust West analysis of California Department of Education data
49%
5%
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SJUSD
African American Graduates College-Ready
San Jose vs. California, 1994-2006
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
California San Jose
Source: EdTrust West analysis of California Department of Education data
50%
11%
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What about CTE?
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A-G, CTE, and Room for Electives
Subject 9th 10th 11th 12th
English English 1 English 2 English 3 English 4
Math Algebra I Geometry Algebra II Prob / Stat
Science Physical
Science
Biology Chemistry Physics
Social Studies World History US History American Govt /
Economics
Foreign
Language
Spanish 1 Spanish 2
CTE Computer
Technology
Computer
Programming 1
Computer
Programming 2
Elective Academic Lit/
Multicultural Ed
Art 1
Elective PE Rest Culinary Arts
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The divisions between “college-
ready” and “work-ready” are
increasingly irrelevant and
immaterial.
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Ready for Career is Ready for College
Tool and Die Makers
• Algebra
• Geometry
• Trigonometry
• Statistics
Sheet Metal Workers
• Algebra
• Geometry
• Trigonometry
• Technical Reading
Auto Technicians
• Physics
• Force
• Hydraulics
• Friction
• Electrical circuits
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Even in Jobs We Don’t Expect…
Plumbing Heating-Air Conditioning
• Algebra
• Plane Geometry
• Trigonometry
• Statistics
• Physics
• Chemistry
• Biology
• Engineering
• Economics
And ALL require
strong fluency
and literacy skills
in English
Construction
and Engineering
• Algebra
• Plane Geometry
• Critical thinking
• Problem Solving
• Reading and Writing
Sources: Plumbing : Shapiro, D., and Nichols, J. Constructing Your Future: Consider a Career in Plumbing,
Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) PHCC Auxiliary 2005 downloaded March 13, 3006
http://www.phccweb.org/PDFs/PHCC20pg.pdf, Construction: California Apprenticeship Council Division of
Apprenticeship Standards 2001 Annual Legislative Report Downloaded March 15, 2006
http://www.dir.ca.gov/das/DASAnnualReport2001/LegRep2001.pdf#search='architecture%2C%20construction
%2C%20engineering%20%28ace%20pathway%29%20course%20outline'
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For Our Country: Growing Need for Higher Levels
of Education
Projections of Education Shortages and Surpluses in 2012
BAAbove BA
-7,500,000 -6,000,000 -4,500,000 -3,000,000 -1,500,000 0 1,500,000 3,000,000
Less Than High
School
High School
Associates Degree
Some College
Shortage Surplus
Source: Analysis by Anthony Carnevale, 2006 of Current Population Survey (1992-
2004) and Census Population Projection Estimates
Bachelor’s Degree and Above
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Ultimately,
good systems always and
aggressively tackle the myth that
“Closing the achievement gap is
unfair…and unachievable.”
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May be unfair.
If ours were a just nation, we wouldn’t allow so many of our children to live in
such miserable circumstances.
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But it is not un-achievable.
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The Education Trust—West
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www.edtrustwest.org
Oakland, CA
(510) 465-6444