Imported malaria cases in Sukabumi District-West Java Indonesia, in 2012
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POSTER PRESENTATION Open Access Imported malaria cases in Sukabumi District-West Java Indonesia, in 2012 Tris Eryando 1* , Dewi Susanna 2 , Dian Pratiwi 3 , Fajar Nugraha 4 From Challenges in malaria research Basel, Switzerland. 10-12 October 2012 Background Sukabumi District is located in the southern area of West Java province. In 2004, a malaria outbreak occurred, 785 cases were reported and 8 of them died. During the last 3 years, the incidence of malaria has been constantly high. In 2009, 290 cases were reported while in 2010 and 2011, there were 316 and 273 cases reported. The malaria cases occurred in 14 sub districts out of 47 sub districts in Suka- bumi District area[1]. The malaria endemic in Sukabumi District indicates a very low impact of the malaria elimina- tion program in the district. Therefore it is a necessity to identify the characteristics and transmission of malaria in Sukabumi District as basis for the future malaria elimina- tion program. Materials and methods The research was conducted in 4 sub district out of 14 malaria endemic sub district in Sukabumi District West Java. Using a cross-sectional study, interviews were car- ried out for all malaria incidences that were reported during the period of January 2011 - April 2012 from Health Centers in 4 sub-districts, consists of 17 villages with stratification of MCI to HCI with API 1-<5%o. The total respondents were 204 people, which were visited at home. Results The malaria cases in 4 subdistricts in Sukabumi were mostly import cases (71%) not indigenous cases. The respondents were mostly infected from the areas outside of Java Island. They were sent back home when they were found to be ill and they got treated in the Health Centre located in their homeland. The majority of the cases were people who worked in Sumatra Island (88.3%), Sulawesi (5.5%), Nusa Tenggara (3.4%) and Papua (2.8%). Most of the respondents were male (95%), in the productive age or 15-54 years old (93%). They worked in the mining sector, mostly working in night shifts (69%). After recovering from malaria, around 64.2% of the respondents return to their previous work location, where they got malaria. The types of Plasmodium found in the study area were Plasmodium vivax (88.2%), P. falciparum (7.4%) and Mix (4.4%). As much of 80.9% of the respondents received an ACT (Artemisinin Com- bination Therapy), due to the resistance of chloroquin and SP (sulfadoksin-Primethamin), which follows the rules of Ministry of Health for malaria elimination pro- gramme[2]. Due to the strategy of malaria eradication strategy [3,4] to achieve low transmission and substantial reductions in mortality and morbidity from malaria,[5] it is necessary for the people who travel to malaria-endemic areas and eventually settle in those areas to take anti- malaria drugs,[6] and avoid mosquito bites at night by using mosquito nets and or repellent. Conclusion The most malaria cases in Sukabumi were imported malaria cases from outside of Sukabumi. They were in productive age male migrants who worked in mining sec- tors outside Java Island. Iit is necessary to educate, control environment, empower the community and to coordinate multi-sector in preventing malaria, by not letting the malaria cases transfered to another area or their homeland but to be treated in the endemic area. Author details 1 Department Biostatistic and Health Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, Indonesia. 2 Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, Indonesia. 3 Center For Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, Indonesia. 4 Center For Biostatistics and Health Informatics, 1 Department Biostatistic and Health Informatics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, Indonesia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Eryando et al. Malaria Journal 2012, 11(Suppl 1):P94 http://www.malariajournal.com/content/11/S1/P94 © 2012 Eryando et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Transcript of Imported malaria cases in Sukabumi District-West Java Indonesia, in 2012
POSTER PRESENTATION Open Access
Imported malaria cases in SukabumiDistrict-West Java Indonesia, in 2012Tris Eryando1*, Dewi Susanna2, Dian Pratiwi3, Fajar Nugraha4
From Challenges in malaria researchBasel, Switzerland. 10-12 October 2012
BackgroundSukabumi District is located in the southern area of WestJava province. In 2004, a malaria outbreak occurred, 785cases were reported and 8 of them died. During the last 3years, the incidence of malaria has been constantly high.In 2009, 290 cases were reported while in 2010 and 2011,there were 316 and 273 cases reported. The malaria casesoccurred in 14 sub districts out of 47 sub districts in Suka-bumi District area[1]. The malaria endemic in SukabumiDistrict indicates a very low impact of the malaria elimina-tion program in the district. Therefore it is a necessity toidentify the characteristics and transmission of malaria inSukabumi District as basis for the future malaria elimina-tion program.
Materials and methodsThe research was conducted in 4 sub district out of 14malaria endemic sub district in Sukabumi District WestJava. Using a cross-sectional study, interviews were car-ried out for all malaria incidences that were reportedduring the period of January 2011 - April 2012 fromHealth Centers in 4 sub-districts, consists of 17 villageswith stratification of MCI to HCI with API 1-<5%o. Thetotal respondents were 204 people, which were visited athome.
ResultsThe malaria cases in 4 subdistricts in Sukabumi weremostly import cases (71%) not indigenous cases. Therespondents were mostly infected from the areas outsideof Java Island. They were sent back home when theywere found to be ill and they got treated in the HealthCentre located in their homeland. The majority of thecases were people who worked in Sumatra Island
(88.3%), Sulawesi (5.5%), Nusa Tenggara (3.4%) andPapua (2.8%). Most of the respondents were male (95%),in the productive age or 15-54 years old (93%). Theyworked in the mining sector, mostly working in nightshifts (69%). After recovering from malaria, around 64.2%of the respondents return to their previous work location,where they got malaria. The types of Plasmodium foundin the study area were Plasmodium vivax (88.2%),P. falciparum (7.4%) and Mix (4.4%). As much of 80.9%of the respondents received an ACT (Artemisinin Com-bination Therapy), due to the resistance of chloroquinand SP (sulfadoksin-Primethamin), which follows therules of Ministry of Health for malaria elimination pro-gramme[2]. Due to the strategy of malaria eradicationstrategy [3,4] to achieve low transmission and substantialreductions in mortality and morbidity from malaria,[5] itis necessary for the people who travel to malaria-endemicareas and eventually settle in those areas to take anti-malaria drugs,[6] and avoid mosquito bites at night byusing mosquito nets and or repellent.
ConclusionThe most malaria cases in Sukabumi were importedmalaria cases from outside of Sukabumi. They were inproductive age male migrants who worked in mining sec-tors outside Java Island. Iit is necessary to educate, controlenvironment, empower the community and to coordinatemulti-sector in preventing malaria, by not letting themalaria cases transfered to another area or their homelandbut to be treated in the endemic area.
Author details1Department Biostatistic and Health Informatics, Faculty of Public Health,Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, Indonesia. 2Department ofEnvironmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia,Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, Indonesia. 3Center For Biostatistics and HealthInformatics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UlDepok, 16424, Indonesia. 4Center For Biostatistics and Health Informatics,
1Department Biostatistic and Health Informatics, Faculty of Public Health,Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424, IndonesiaFull list of author information is available at the end of the article
Eryando et al. Malaria Journal 2012, 11(Suppl 1):P94http://www.malariajournal.com/content/11/S1/P94
© 2012 Eryando et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative CommonsAttribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction inany medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Ul Depok, 16424,Indonesia.
Published: 15 October 2012
References1. District Health Office: Reports of malaria cases in 2009-2011. Sukabumi
DHO 2011.2. Ministry of Health: Guidelines for case management of malaria in
Indonesia. DG: Control of diseases and environmental sanitation 2008.3. Feachem R, Phillips A, Hwang J, et al: Shrinking the malaria map: progress
and prospects. Lancet 2010, 376(9752):1566-1578.4. Feachem R, Sabot O: A new global malaria eradication strategy. Lancet
2008, 371:1633-1635.5. Mendis K, Rietveld A, Warsame M, Bosman A, Greenwood B,
Wernsdorfer WH: From malaria control to eradication: the WHOperspective. Trop Med lnt Health 2009, 14:802-809.
6. Bhattarai A, Ali AS, Kachur SP: Impact of artemisinin-based combinationtherapy and insecticide-treated nets on malaria burden in Zanzibar. PLoSMed 2007, 4:e309.
doi:10.1186/1475-2875-11-S1-P94Cite this article as: Eryando et al.: Imported malaria cases in SukabumiDistrict-West Java Indonesia, in 2012. Malaria Journal 2012 11(Suppl 1):P94.
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