Important Plant Notes. Review….. Fungi- NOT Plants……Why? Heterotrophic- no chlorophyll...
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Transcript of Important Plant Notes. Review….. Fungi- NOT Plants……Why? Heterotrophic- no chlorophyll...
![Page 1: Important Plant Notes. Review….. Fungi- NOT Plants……Why? Heterotrophic- no chlorophyll Eukaryotic – multicellular Made up of slender filaments called.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042702/56649ca45503460f949652fe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Important Plant Notes
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Review…..Fungi- NOT Plants……Why?
• Heterotrophic- no chlorophyll• Eukaryotic – multicellular• Made up of slender filaments called hyphae• Have cell walls made of chitin (Plant cell walls
are made up of cellulose)• Decomposers: Secrete enzymes and digest
food outside their body, then absorb nutrients• Molds, yeasts, mildews, mushrooms
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Review…
Lichen
• Mutualisitic association between a fungi and either a green algae or a cyanobacteria
• The Fungus absorbs water/nutrients from the environment, and the algae uses this for photosynthesis.
• The fungus absorbs the organic molecules made from photosynthesis for its’ food.
• Used to test air quality: Algae is very susceptible to Air/water pollution
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ReproductionPlants have Alternation of Generations
• Gametophyte: The haploid form of the plant that produces the gametes. Haploid = half the number of chromosomes- Male, female
In a moss….this is the ‘carpet’ you see
• Sporophyte: When 2 gametes fuse they form the sporophyte (the diploid form of the plant)
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PLANTSNONVASCULAR VASCULAR, seedless
• Ex: mosses, liverworts• Waxy cuticle covering to
survive drought• Transport materials (food)
by osmosis and diffusion so need a large water supply, need to be small
• Reproduce with spores• Dominant Gametophyte
generation (Haploid) (the ‘carpet’ that you see)
• Ex: ferns, horsetails• Waxy cuticle covering to
survive drought• Vascular: larger, more
complex. Can carry nutrients from the soil, sun throughout the plant
• Reproduce with spores• Dominant Sporophyte
generation (Diploid) (leaves that you see)
BOTH STILL NEED TO LIVE IN A MOIST ENVIRONMENT FOR REPRODUCTION
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PLANTS: Vascular, with SeedsGYMNOSPERMS vs ANGIOSPERMS
Gymnosperms (gymno = naked; sperma = seed), seeds develop on the surface of the reproductive structures (thus also called the “naked-seed plants”) such as the cones in pine
Angiosperms (angio = vessel, receptacle, container), seeds develop within a specialized structure, called an ovary, on the adult sporophyte (also called the “flowering plants”).
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VASCULAR SYSTEMS
XYLEM• System of tubes and
transport cells that circulate water and dissolved minerals
• Rings in a cut down tree trunk are the remains of old xylem tissue- one ring for each year of life
PHLOEM• System of tubes that
transports sugars and other molecules created by the plant from photosynthesis
• Always alive- xylem dies after one year and then develops new (the rings of a tree trunk.
• The dripping sap from a tree usually comes from phloem
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THEVASCULAR
SYSTEM
XYLEMGoes up From the
roots
PHLOEMGoes Down (Or Up)
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Plants: Vascular: with NAKED Seeds!!GYMNOSPERMS
•Seeds develop on the surface of the reproductive structures•Sporophyte is the dominant generation•Which is the Megaspore? Microspore?•Which is the Male pinecone? Female?..............POLLEN?
FEMALE MALE
MEGASPORES MICROSPORES
POLLEN
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PLANTS WITH SEEDS: ANGIOSPERMS Flower Basics
1. Label the parts of the flower.
Image: http://www.smithlifescience.com/SciFlowerDiagramBlank.jpg
Petals
StamenAnther
Filament
PistilStigma
Style
Ovule
Ovary
Sepal
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2. Identify each part of the flower described below using the words in the word list.
_________________ - The female part of a flower
_________________ - A small plant that is just starting to grow
_________________ - The place where pollen develops and is stored
_________________ - The female sex cell in a plant
_________________ - Occurs when the sperm and egg cells unite
_________________ - A sugary substance that attracts insects
_________________ - The male sex cell in a plant
_________________ - The male part of a flower
_________________ - The stalk that supports the anther
_________________ - The part of the pistil that receives the pollen
_________________ - Part that connects the stigma and ovary
_________________ - Protective leaf-like enclosure for the flower bud
_________________ - The ripened ovary of a plant that contains seeds
_________________ - Flower that contains both male and female parts
_________________ - Flower that lacks either male or female parts _________________ - The structures that make up the outside of the flower and maybe
colored or contain nectar or perfume glands
Word List:Anther
FertilizationFilament
FruitImperfect
NectarOvaryPerfectPetalsPistil
PollenSeedlingSepalsStamenStigmaStyle
PISTIL
SEEDLING
ANTHER
OVARY
FERTILIZATION
NECTAR
POLLEN
STAMEN
FILAMENT
STIGMA
STYLE
SEPAL
FRUIT
PERFECT
IMPERFECTPETALS
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AntsBatsBees
Moths Birds
ButterfliesFlies
BeetlesTrue Bugs
Wasps
Pollinators
Did you know? Honey bees are the most
common pollinators. What insect comes in second place?
SELF-POLLINATION: POLLEN FROM A FLOWER LANDS ON THE PISTIL OF THE SAME FLOWER OR A FLOWER ON THE SAME PLANT.
CROSS-POLLINATION: POLLEN FROM A FLOWER LANDS ON THE PISTIL OF THE A FLOWER ON A DIFFERENT PLANT.
3. What is the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination?
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Cotyledon•The stored food for the seed as it develops; the first embryonic leaves of a seed plant-•The Number of Cotyledons places the plant in a different CLASS in the Classification System:•Monocot: If it has one cotyledon•Dicot: If it has two cotyledons
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