Important issues of Twentieth century

We must plan our civilization or we must perish.

-Harold Laski, 1945

The 20th century is defined as the time period running from January 1, 1901 to

December 31, 2000.

Henry Kissinger -

• History is not, of course, a cookbook offering pre tested recipes. It teaches by analogy, not by maxims. It can illuminate the consequences of actions in comparable situations, yet each generation must discover for itself what situations are in fact comparable.

• (Henry A. Kissinger was sworn in on September 22, 1973, as the 56th Secretary of State, a position he held until January 20, 1977 of USA).

Age of Imperialism

• 1870- 1914• United Kingdome , Spain, France , Holland,

Portugal

Prof Richard Goof, Walter Moss, Janice Terry & Prof Jiu Hwa Upshur –The Twentieth century : A

Brief Global History

• First controlled heavier-than-air flight of the Wright Brothers.

• Famine in India 1899-1900• Emma Goldman -An Intimate Life “a women had

the right to support herself; to live for herself; to love whomever she pleases, or as many as she pleases.”

The Twentieth century : A Brief Global HistoryProf Richard Goof, Walter Moss, Janice Terry & Prof Jiu Hwa Upshur –The Twentieth

century : A Brief Global History

• Boxer Rebellion in China 1900• German Philosopher Nietzsche’s death

1900

• Boxer Rebellion in China

1901

• Philippine Revolution

1904

• Russo & Japanese War

1906

• All India Muslim League

1907

• Germany- Italy- Austria - Three Nation Alliance

1908

• Independent - South Africa • Austria attack Bosnia Herjagovana

1910

Japan annexes Korea.

1911

• New Delhi becomes the capital of British India. • Republic of China established and ends the

Chinese Empire

1912

• Morocco becomes a protectorate of France• The African National Congress is founded • Balkan Wars begin

1913

• Rabindranath Tagore was Asia's first Nobel Prize winner.

1914-1918

• World War I• Russian Revolution• USA join the Allies for the last 17 months of

World War I

1918-1920

• Turkish War of Independence begins• League of Nations

1921-1932

• The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is formed.

• 1924: Death of Vladimir Lenin• Japan invades Manchuria • BBC World Service starts broadcasting • Salt March by Mohandas Gandhi and the

official start of civil disobedience in British India

1933

• Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany• Japan and Germany announce they are going

to leave the League of Nations

1939-1945

• World War II• Creation of the atomic bomb, and the

bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki• United Nations founded • Independence of Korea

1947

• Independence of India and Pakistan Creation of the U.S. Central Intelligence

Agency

1947-1989

• Cold War

1948

• Assassination of Mohandas Gandhi

1949

• Creation of NATO• Establishment of the People's Republic of

China• Independence of Indonesia

1950-1953

• Beginning of the Korean War

1956

• Independence of Sudan and Tunisia • The Hungarian uprising

1959

• Cuban Revolution

1963

• Martin Luther King delivers his "I have a Dream" speech

• Assassination of John F. Kennedy

1963-1975

• Vietnam War

1971

• Bangladesh Liberation War• Third Indo-Pakistani War

1980

• Beginning of the Iran-Iraq War• Ronald Reagan is elected President of the

United States

1985

• Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Premier of the Soviet Union

1989

• Fall of the Berlin Wall• 1989 revolution and collapse of the Soviet

Bloc in Europe

1991

• Boris Yeltsin becomes the first President of the Russian Federation

• Dissolution of the Soviet Union and independence of 15 former Soviet republics

1994

• Nelson Mandela

1995

• Establishment of the World Trade Organization

1996

The Taliban government takes control of Afghanistan

1997

• Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from UK to China

• Diana, Princess of Wales is killed in a car accident in Paris

1998

• Osama Bin Laden publishes a fatwa against the West

1999

• Euro is introduced• IMLD

2000

• George W. Bush is elected President of the United States

• Vladimir Putin becomes President of Russia