Important Apps Questions

8/11/2019 Important Apps Questions

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Important Questions

1. What all activities you do when you go to office?

Ans Check the contents of ALERT log file located in RDBMS_TOP r

ORACLE_HOME/admin//bdump for resolving users errors.

Check whether any CORE files are created in cdump located atORACLE_HOME/admin//cdump.

**A core file is generated only when there is a major server issue(server error)**

Execute health checkup script that is going to check the size of tablespaceSGA, Redolog buffer, log buffer,ram,swap.

Purge Concurrent Managers logfile and outputfile on Scheduled basis.

Check whether Archive has sufficient space or not.

Change of APPS password according to companys Schedule.

2. Mention APPS DBAs activities?Ans. Implementing Security

Setting up new usersAuditing usersSetting users profilesManaging concurrent processingTunning oracle application and databaseAuditing system resource.Incorporating custom programmingPrintupsetIntallation and 11i configurationClient setupPatch managementBackup and recoveryDocumentation of apps activities carried out.

3. Explain what is patch and what are the contents of patch file?Ans A patch is a bug fix.It consists of 3 files and some times only one file:

C driverIt is used to extract and copy files to the patch desired location.D driverIt is used to execute db commands.G driverGenerates forms,reports,tables,db objects.U driveUnified drive it internally calls C,D,G drives.J driveC drive takes care of J patch


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4. Explain types of patches?Ans. Individual Patch, One-off, Standalone .

Patch Set, Mini Pack .Family Pack.Release Update, Maintenance Pack .NLS Patches .

Consolidated Patch.Minor Release.Interoperability Patch etc

Standalone/Oneoff patches : This is used to define patch created to fixsingle/particular problem.

Mini Pack : This is group of oneoff patches for a particular product like INV, GL, APand named like 11i.GL.E ( means this group of patches contain fix for 11i GL product(General Ledger till time E is released ) This is cummutative which means it willinclude 11i.GL.A, 11i.GL.B ....11iGL.D till 11i.GL.E earlier in 10.7 it used to called

as patchset.Family Pack : Group of mini packs in one family buldeled together is called as familypack. they are usually named as 11i_PF. Few example of falilies are SCM (11i.SCM_PF.G ), ATG ( 11i.ATG_PF.H )_PFindicate Product Family PackMaintenance Pack : Group of family pack together is called as maintenance pack. Soif you say your Verison is 11.5.10 then its maintenance pack 10 ( 3rd digit ismaintenance pack ).

*** few one off patch make mini pack , few mini pack related to same family

bundeled together as family pack & all family pack fixed till that time are

bundeled in Maintenance pack .***

LS Patch :( When you have more than one language , like english & arabic orfrench .. ) then apart from normal patch you have to apply patch for specific languageInstalled in your system called as NLS patch.COSOLIDATED Patch : This Patch has to be applied to make an instance readyfor upgradation.ITEROPERABILTY Patch: This patch is applied to make a patch compatiblewith all other patches.

5. Explain patch application?Ans.-Search the patch from metalink.

-Check whether the patch has been applied .-Load the patch under one directory named patch.-Unzip the patch *** unzip .zip***-chmod R 777 *** patch should have all permissions i.e. read,write and

execute.***-su applmgr-cd /u01/prodappl-. ./APPSPROD_orapps.env


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-. ./APPSORA.env-. ./PROD.env-. ./PROD_orapps.env *** Source the environmental files***-adadmin *** Bring the instance into maintenance mode ***-*******READ THE README FILE THROUGHLY TO UKOW WHAT ARE THE PREREQUISITES AD

POSTREQUISITES FOR PATCH APPLICATIO******

-Perform the prerequisite steps as specified in readme file.-Apply the patch *** adpatch***

It asks for system specific parameters such as System password,Instancename,patch file location,patch log file name(It should be alwaz )Perform this step once for each drive(C,D,G or only once for U)

-After applying the patch check patch log file for any errors(e.g./error,fail,warning)

6. Where are patch log and output files located?Ans. APPL_TOP/admin//log

APPL_TOP/admin//out

7. List the files that are updated during patch application?Ans APPL_TOP/install/log.APPL_TOP/admin//log.APPL_TOP/admin//log/adfrmgen.log.APPL_TOP/admin//log/adlibout.log.APPL_TOP/admin//log/adlibin.log.APPL_TOP/admin//log/admvcode.logAPPL_TOP/admin//out.

8. If a patch fails half the way do you reapply that patch?Ans. *** Read the metalink doc Patch FAQs

You can always reapply patches without a problem.***

9. How do you check whether a patch is applied or not?Ans. SELECT * FROM AD_BUGS WHERE BUG_UMBER LIKE ;

SELECT * FROM AD_APPLIED_PATCHES;

10. What the temporary tables created during patch application?Ans. Dnt get answer.

11. How do you check the patch level?Ans. SELECT PATCH_LEVEL FROM FD_PRODUCT_ISTALLATIOS;

12. How do find the version of application?Ans. SELECT RELEASE_AME FROM FD_PRODUCT_GROUPS.

13. How do you check whether your installation is single node or Multinode?Ans. SQL> SELECT * FROM FD_ODES;


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14. How do you activate the failed workers?Ans Using AD Controller utility ***adctrl***

Ad controller menu

1.Show worker status.2.Tell workers to restart a failed job.3.Tell workers to quit.

4.Tell manager that a worker failed its job.5.Tell manager that a worker acknowledges quit.6.Restart the worker on current machine.7.Exit

15. Explain briefly steps carried out for cloning(what all scripts you run)?Ans. Cloning is process of creating replica of your source apps 11i Instance.

The Basic Steps for Cloning

Step1 . Prerequisites Steps you do before start cloning using rapid clone1.1 Verify source and target nodes software versions1.2 Apply the latest AutoConfig Template patch

1.3 Apply the latest Rapid Clone patches

Step2 . Clone Source to Target

2.1 Run preclone on DB tier -adpreclone.sh2.2 Run preclone on Apps or middle tier -adpreclone.sh2.3 Copy source file system to target file system2.4 Configure db tier2.5 Configure apps/middle tier -adcfgclone.sh

Step 3 Finishing Task3.1 Update profile options

3.2 Update printer settings (If printers are not configured or you don't want to useprinter you can skip this step)3.3 Update workflow configuration settings (Important)

16. What is the task of Concurrent Manager?Ans.The concurrent managers in the Oracle e-Business suite serve several important

administrative functions. Foremost, the concurrent managers ensure that theapplications are not overwhelmed with requests, and the second areas offunctions are the management of batch processing and report generation.

17. How do administer Concurrent Managers?Ans. From the ADMINISTER CONCURRENT MANAGERS form.

*System administrationConcurrentManagerAdminister

18. Name important concurrent managers and their functionality?

Internal Concurrent Manager The master manager is called the Internal

Concurrent Manager (ICM) because it controls the behavior of all of the other

managers, and because the ICM is the boss, it must be running before any

other managers can be activated. The main functions of the ICM are to start


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up and shutdown the individual concurrent managers, and reset the othermanagers after one them has a failure.

Standard Manager Another important master Concurrent Manager iscalled the Standard Manager (SM). The SM functions to run any reports and

batch jobs that have not been defined to run in any specific product manager.Examples of specific concurrent managers include the Inventory Manager,

CRP Inquiry Manager, and the Receivables Tax Manager.

Conflict Resolution Manager The Conflict Resolution Manager (CRM)

functions to check concurrent program definitions for incompatibility rules.However, the ICM can be configured to take over the CRM's job to resolveincompatibilities.

19. How do you tune Concurrent Manager?Ans. All successful Oracle Apps DBAs must understand how to monitor and tune

each of the Concurrent Managers.It includes the following things:

Tuning the Concurrent Managero Tuning the Internal Concurrent Manager

o

Purging Concurrent Requests

o Troubleshooting Oracle Apps performance problems

o Adjusting the Concurrent Manager Cache Size

o Analyzing the Oracle Apps Dictionary Tables Monitoring Pending Requests in the Concurrent Manager

Changing the dispatching priority within the Concurrent Manager

Tuning the Internal Concurrent Manager (ICM)

The ICM performance is affected by the three important Oracle parameters PMON

cycle, queue size, and sleep time.

PMON cycle This is the number of sleep cycles that the ICM waits between

the time it checks for concurrent managers failures, which defaults to 20. Youshould change the PMON cycle to a number lower than 20 if your concurrentmanagers are having problems with abnormal terminations.

Queue Size The queue size is the number of PMON cycles that the ICMwaits between checking for disabled or new concurrent managers. The defaultfor queue size of 1 PMON cycle should be used.

Sleep Time The sleep time parameter indicates the seconds that the ICMshould wait between checking for requests that are waiting to run. The defaultsleep time is 60, but you can lower this number if you see you have a lot of

request waiting (Pending/Normal). However, reducing this number to a verylow value many cause excessive cpu utilization.


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All of the concurrent managers, with the exception of the ICM and CRM, can beconfigured to run as many processes as needed, as well as the time and days a

manager can process requests. However, the number of processes needed isdependent on each organization's environment. An Applications DBA must monitor

the concurrent processing in order to decide how to configure each manager. For afresh install of the applications, initially configure the standard manager to run with

five processes, and all the other managers with two processes. After the applications

have been in operation for a while, the concurrent managers should be monitored todetermine is more operating system process should be allocated.

Purging Concurrent Requests

One important area of Concurrent Manager tuning is monitoring the space usage for

the subsets within each concurrent manager. When the space in

FND_CONCURRENT_PROCESSES and FND_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS exceed 50K,you can start to experience serious performance problems within your OracleApplications. When you experience these space problems, a specific request called

"Purge Concurrent Requests And/Or Manager Data" should be scheduled to run on a

regular basis. This request can be configured to purge the request data from the FND

tables as well as the log files and output files on accumulate on disk.

Adjusting the Concurrent Manager Cache Size

Concurrent manager performance can also be enhanced by increasing the managercache size to be at lease twice the number of target processes. The cache size

specifies the number of requests that will be cached each time the concurrentmanager reads from the FND_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS table. Increasing the cachesize will boost the throughput of the managers by attempting to avoid sleep time.

Analyzing Oracle Apps Dictionary Tables for High Performance

It is also very important to run the request Gather Table Statistics on these tables:

FND_CONCURRENT_PROCESSES

FND_CONCURRENT_PROGRAMS

FND_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS

FND_CONCURRENT_QUEUES.

Run the request "Analyze All Index Column Statistics" on the indexes of these tables.Since the APPLSYS user is the owner of these tables, so you can also just run therequest Analyze Schema Statistics for APPLSYS.

To troubleshoot performance, a DBA can use three types of trace:

A module trace, such as PO or AR, can be set by enabling the module's profile

option Debug Trace from within the applications.


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Second, most concurrent requests can be set to generate a trace file by changing therequest parameters. To enable trace for a specific request, log in as a user with the SystemAdministrator responsibility. Navigate to Concurrent -> Program -> Define. Query forthe request that you want to enable trace. At the bottom right of the screen you can checkthe box Enable Trace.

Figure 1: Troubleshooting Concurrent Manager Performance.

Another popular way to troubleshoot the Concurrent Managers is to generate a tracefile. This is done by setting the OS environment variable FNDSQLCHK to FULL, andrunning the request from the command line.

Monitoring Pending Requests in the Concurrent Managers

Occasionally, you may find that requests are stacking up in the concurrent managers

with a status of "pending". This can be caused by any of these conditions:

1. The concurrent managers were brought down will a request was running.2. The database was shutdown before shutting down the concurrent managers. 3. There is a shortage of RAM memory or CPU resources.


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When you get a backlog of pending requests, you can first allocate more processes

to the manager that is having the problem in order to allow most of the requests to

process, and then make a list of the requests that will not complete so they can beresubmitted, and cancel them.

To allocate more processes to a manager, log in as a user with the SystemAdministrator responsibility.

*Navigate to Concurrent -> Manager -> Define.Increase the number in the Processes column. Also, you may not need all theconcurrent managers that Oracle supplies with an Oracle Applications install, so you

can save resources by identifying the unneeded managers and disabling them.

Figure 2: Allocating more processes to the Concurrent Manager.

However, you can still have problems. If the request remains in a phase of RUNNING

and a status of TERMINATING after allocating more processes to the manager, thenshutdown the concurrent managers, kill any processes from the operating system

that won't terminate, and execute the following sqlplus statement as the APPLSYSuser to reset the managers in the FND_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS table:

update fnd_concurrent_requests

set status_code='X', phase_code='C'where status_code='T';

Changing Dispatching Priority within the Concurrent Manager

If there are requests that have a higher priority to run over other requests, you can*navigate to Concurrent --> Program --> Define


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to change the priority of a request. If a priority is not set for a request, it will havethe same priority as all other requests, or it will be set to the value specified in the

user's profile option Concurrent:Priority.

Also, you can specify that a request run using an SQL optimizer mode ofFIRST_ROWS, ALL_ROWS, RULE, or CHOOSE, and this can radically effect the

performance of the SQL inside the Concurrent request. If several long runningrequests are submitted together, they can cause fast running requests to have towait unnecessarily. If this is occurring, try to schedule as many long running

requests to run after peak business hours. Additionally, a concurrent manager can becreated to run only fast running requests.

Using data Dictionary Scripts with the Concurrent Manager

Few Oracle Applications DBAs understand that sophisticated data dictionary queries

can be run to reveal details about the workings within each Concurrent Manager.

Oracle provides several internal tables that can be queried from SQL*Plus to see the

status of the concurrent requests, and the most important areFND_CONCURRENT_PROGRAMS and FND_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS.

Oracle supplies several useful scripts, (located in $FND_TOP/sql directory), formonitoring the concurrent managers:

afcmstat.sql Displays all the defined managers, their maximum capacity, pids,and their status.

afimchk.sql Displays the status of ICM and PMON method in effect, the ICM's logfile, and determines if the concurrent manger monitor is running.

afcmcreq.sqlDisplays the concurrent manager and the name of its log file thatprocessed a request.

afrqwait.sql Displays the requests that are pending, held, and scheduled.

afrqstat.sql Displays of summary of concurrent request execution time andstatus since a particular date.

afqpmrid.sql Displays the operating system process id of the FNDLIBR processbased on a concurrent request id. The process id can then be usedwith the ORADEBUG utility.

afimlock.sql Displays the process id, terminal, and process id that may be

causing locks that the ICM and CRM are waiting to get. You shouldrun this script if there are long delays when submitting jobs, or if

you suspect the ICM is in a gridlock with another oracle process.

20. What is the command used to check whether concurrent manager is up or not?Ans ps eaf |grep FDLIBR.


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21. Where are the concurrent managers log n output files stored?Ans. /u01/prodcomn/admin/log/PROD_orapps/

/u01/prodcomn/admin/out/PROD_orapps/

22. How do you control concurrent processing?Ans. We control the concurrent processing by defining concurrent programs and

assigning them to concurrent managers to execute that program.Checkout the following link he has given very nice descripton of concurrentprocessinghttp://www.exforsys.com/content/view/1507/342/

23. Mention the type of concurrent processes?Ans A Concurrent process can be of two types

Immediate(single process)Spawned(Multiple processes)

24. Which script do you use to start database,web server,forms server,concurrent

manager, report server, all servers?Ans. Database: addbctl.sh

Database listener addlnctl.sh

Web Server adalnctl.shadapcctl.sh

Concurrent Manager adcmctl.shDiscoverer Server addisctl.shForms server adfrmctl.shReport Server adrepctl.shStart all servers adstrtall.sh

Stop all servers adstpall.sh

25. Where are the scripts to startup and shutdown the application located?Ans. COMMO_TOP/admin./scripts//

26. What is the sequence in which all servers should be startup and shutdown?Ans. Order of Startup of Services Should be

DatabaseDB Listener,Application Tier Services

Order of ShutDown of Services Should beApplication Tier ServicesDB ListenerDatabase

Database Startup/Shutdown ScriptsDepending on your AD Version these will be in


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RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME / appsutil/scripts /SID_hostnameaddbctl.sh database startup shutdown scriptaddlnctl.sh database listener Script

Where

ADis for Application DBA

DBis for databaseDLis database listenerCTLis control

Application Tier Startup/Shutdown ScriptsDepending on your AD Version these will be in

COMMO_TOP/admin/scripts/ SID_hostname

adalnctl.sh Apps Listener Control Scriptadapcctl.sh Apache/Web Server Control Script

adcmctl.sh Concurrent Manager Control Script ****parameters are apps/apps****addisctl.sh Discoverer Control Scriptadfrmctl.shForms server Control Scriptadrepctl.shReport Server Control Scriptadstpall.sh Stop All Middle/Application Tieradstrtall.shStart All Middle/Application Tier ****parameters are apps/apps****

adlstand for Apps Listenerapcstand for ApachecmcConcurrent Manager

disDiscovererfrmformsrepreport

27. What should be the downtime?Ans Always our backup time should be (DB backup + Patch application + Restore time).

28. What are the types of Database startup and shutdown?Ans. Startup-ORMAL

FORCE

RESTRICT

Shutdown-ORMAL-IMMEDIATE

-TRASACTIOAL

-ABORT


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29. How do you connect to database?Ans. $ Sqlplus /nolog;

SQL> Connect /as sysdba;

SQL> Startup ;

30. How do find how many users are accessing your application?Ans. SELECT * FROM FD_USER from backand and from front end

Navigate System administrator>Security>User>Monitor.

31. How do you define a new user?Ans. Navigate System administrator>Security>User>Define.

32. How do you resolve conflicts between users?Ans. When there is conflict between two users then we will kill one of the users session.

To do that we need session id and serial no which we get by executing thefollowing command.SELECT * FROM V$LOCK WHERE SID=;

SELECT * FROM V$SESSIO WHERE SID=< form num of that user>;

As SYSTEMuser execute following commandALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSIO SID,Serial # no;

COMMIT;

33. Why do you create two users i.e. applmgr and oracle?Ans. We create two user basically for following reasons

1. Security Implementation.2. Maintenance.3. To source appropriate environment variables such as

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/proddb/9.2.0 for oracle user.

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/prodora/8.0.6 or iAS for applmgr.

34. Who is an APPS user?Ans. APPS is an super user.He has all privileges as all users provide him privilege to

access tables using grant command.Specifically he doesnt own any data but canaccess all DB data.APPS user has views and synonyms of all tables of all users andif any changes are happening the changes are done to views and then the respectiveuser put the appropriate data into their respective table.

35. How do you delete an user?Ans. We never delete an user but time out them. Expire their time.

36. Where is apache servers output stored?Ans. /u01/prodora/iAS/apache/apache/log.

*** All log files start with key word access_log.some number ***

37. What are the contents of control file?Ans. yet to be answered


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38. Explain hot backup?Ans. SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE BEGI BACKUP;

$ cp /u01/proddata/user01.dbf /u02/proddata/user01.dbf;SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE ED BACKUP;

39. List the parameters in parameter file?

Ans. Instance nameDatabase name/SIDShared pool sizeLog buffer cacheData buffer cacheCompatibility(version of oracle home)Control file locationU_dump-destinationB_dump_destinationC_dump_destination

40. What is config.txt file? Where is it located?Ans. It is one of the important text file created during installation.It contains informationrelated to installation.Such asFile path.Port information.Display information of server.IP address.

Node specific information.

41. What is a context file? what does it contain?Ans. Oracle stores all the environment specific values in an xml file stored in

$APPL_TOP/admin directory, which they call an application context file. This fileis created by running adbldxml.sh/adbldxml.pl (Located in $AD_TOP/bin).Adbldxml.sh in turn runs oracle.apps.ad.context.GenerateContext java class.

42 What is OFA?Ans. The OFA(Optimal flexible architechture) standard is a series of recommendations

for naming files and folders when installing and implementing an Oracle database.

43. Briefly describe the oracle 11i file structure?Ans. Oracle 11i file structure consists of 5main directories:

APPL_TOPOracle application product files.

ORA_TOP

Oracle home for oracle application technology stack.(Apache and 8.0.6)COM_TOPcommon files such as HTML,java,log,out,scripts.DATA_TOPOracle 9i database files used by oracle application.DB_TOPOracle home for the oracle 9i RDBMS

44. Where is the alert log file located?Ans RDBMS_ORACLE_HOME/admin//bdump.


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45. What is a server? What is a Tier ? What is a Node?Ans. A server is a process or group of processes that runs on a single machine and

provides a particular functionality, often referred to as a service. For example, theHTTP server is a process that listens for and processes HTTP requests, and theForms server is a process that listens for and processes requests for activities relatedto Oracle Forms.

A tier is a logical grouping of services, potentially spread across more than onephysical machine.

A node is a physical m/c in a cluster of m/cs.

46. How do you change tablespace name?

47. How do you add a datafile to the tablespace?A. ALTER TABLESPACE ADD DATAFILE /PATH SIZE 3M;

48. How do you change database name?

A. -Alter database backup controlfile to trace;

-Edit the trace located at ORACLE_HOME/admin//udump andgrab text for controlfile and paste it in con.sql and make the following changes: Remove startup nomount.

Remove recover database.

Remove Alter database open. Remove Reuse(control file). Change database to Reset database.

Change name of database(in quotes).

-Shutdown.

-Change ORACLE_SID in init.ora file(after shutdown).

-Rename .ora files(according to new database name).

-Change DB_name parameter in .ora file.

-Remove .ctl files for old ORACLE_SID

-$ Sqlplus /nolog;SQL> Connect /as sysdba;SQL> Startup nomount;

-Run edited con.sql.-Alter database open resetlogs;

-Alter database rename global_name to ;


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