Implementing Water Reuse
Transcript of Implementing Water Reuse
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Implementing Water Reuse
Martyn TupperSenior Research Scientist
April 2014
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Water Consumption - Facts and Figures
• UK : we each use 150 litres per day • 2013 Thames Region: 160 litres per day. (In 1977 this was 125)• Only 2% of water through tap is drunk; 33% Flushes Toilets
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Thames Water Resource Challenge
1.7 million more people predicted over next 25 years and climate change will restrict future resources
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Thames Water Resource Solution Options
• Leak Less from our Networks• Install Meters – real time meter data (tracks leaks)• Encourage our customers to use less• Bulk Transfer from wetter parts of UK• Build Large Strategic Reservoir• Create water resources – reuse of sewage effluents
─ Termed Planned Indirect Potable Reuse• Thames has investigated 2 technologies
─ Non-Potable Reuse
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Indirect Potable Reuse
IPR Pilot Plant - Deephams STW
Creating additional Resource
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Deephams IPR Pilot plant overview• A 600 m3/d pilot plant trialling current “state-of-the-art” in IPR
technology─ Multi barrier approach / membrane approach based on
existing worldwide schemes
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Old Ford Water Recycling PlantCreating an alternative product
• Plant creates reclaimed water from raw sewage used for irrigation (mainly) and toilet flushing. 570m3/day production rate.
• 3.65km separate water main network, 10 metered connections• On-line Feb 2012. More than 50 million litres of drinking water saved (at Dec 2012). • Avoided drought impact on wild flower meadows
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Process Treatment Steps
• Half waste water treatment plant• Half water treatment • 10 hours final storage capacity• Key biological parameters - MLSS 7-8g/l, sludge age 27 days• Designed to meet 0.1mg/l ammonia, <5 SS, <5 BOD + US
EPA unrestricted use standards (modified)
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When was the 50 million litres saved?
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1 2 3 4 5 6 Usage:Irrigation (84%)Toilet flushing (1.7%)Other (14.8%)
Peak demand in Spring & Summer months
Irrigation demand profile relatively stable
During games irrigators avoided periods when park was occupied
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Pre-OlympicsOlympicsBetween Olympics and ParalympicsParalympicsTransition periodLegacy period
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Lessons Learnt• Customer Engagement
─ Consult from the start• Regulation & Guidance
─ Labelling & Pipework─ Water Quality
• Special Requirements─ Dye Testing
• Reclaimed water systems need demand!─ Prolonged periods of low demand = poor biological system aeration and lack of
denitrification─ Difficult to maintain chlorine residuals in network under low demand
• Water and Wastewater treatment plant designers don’t always speak common language─ Units megalitres or population equivalent; mg/l as N or NO3─ Hypochlorite for disinfection vs. chloraminated potable water back up
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Old Ford WRP as a research facilityOngoing research
• Customer Education & Engagement with Regulators• Improved Uptake of Reclaimed Water on Park• Carbon Impact of Reclaimed Water • MBR and GAC system treating sewage to generate new
water resources─ Analysing lots of chemicals to compare with RO system─ Improve understanding of the microbiological barrier
offered by MBR
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Virus Monitoring at Old Ford WRPProject Aim
How effective is an MBR system as a barrier to Viruses?• RO systems considered an effective barrier• Real world knowledge gap surrounding MBR treatment• 3 indicator species monitored
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Mean numbers of bacteriophages through the Old Ford WRP.(Outliers represented by *)
Bacteriophage Log Removal across MBR
Somatic Coliphage 5.34
F-RNA 3.12
GB124 3.63
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Virus Monitoring at Old Ford WRPConclusions and Ongoing research
• Removal is consistent with bench scale studies• High association of phage's with solids
─ Resulting size exclusion principle method of removal• Increasing our understanding of the Health Risks associated
with MBRs
The project is ongoing• Further seasonal monitoring• Monitoring of pathogenic viruses
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Thank you for listening