Ho Chin Siong (UTM) , Yuzuru Matsuoka (Kyoto University ) Junichi Fujino (NIES) and Boyd Dionysius Joeman (IRDA

IMPLEMENTATION Of LOW CARBON SOCIETY (LCS) BLUEPRINTS

Development of Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Asian Regions

Email: ho@utm.my/ csho59@yahoo.com

25 July 2013

LoCARNET Session 3 Pacifico Yokohama

01 Background

- IRDA Green Focused agenda

02 Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia

- Science to Policy and Policy to Implementation

03 Implementation of LCS blueprints

04 Conclusion

Structure of Presentation

Background Iskandar Malaysia: Key Challenges

COP 18 Side Event . Doha . 30 November 2012

Size: 2,216.3 km²

Population: 1.3 mil. (2005) I 3.0 mil. (2025)

GDP: 35.7 bil. RM (2005) I 141.4 bil. RM (2025)

Issues

_ Rapid urbanization and industrialization

_ Relatively high carbon intensity dependence on fossil fuel

_ High private car ownership

_ Low density development and urban sprawl

_ Low efficiency appliances Government Policy Directions

_ National Green Technology Policy

_ National Policy on Climate Change

_ National Renewable Energy Policy and Action Plan

_ National Policy on the Environment

_ 10th Malaysia Plan

_ Green Neighborhood Planning Guideline

_Low Carbon Cities Framework and Assessment System

Voluntary 40% reduction of CO2 emission intensity by 2020

Iskandar Malaysia at a Glance

4

Green-focused Agenda

Env’l Planning & Mngt

Social & Cultural

Dev

Integrated Transport

SWM

Land Use Planning

RE & Resources

Economic Dev

Com & Industry Planning

& Dev

Talent Workforce;

Low carbon lifestyle

Modes Infrastructure

Corridors Movements

Reuse Recycle Reduce

Compost

FIT; EE blgs & areas

Rainwater harvesting

Value-added

products & services

CDP Fed Policy

NPP IRDA’s

BPs

LCS

Environmental Policy for

Green Growth

Green Economy

Urban Design, Phased

Dev & DC

DPs

Decarbonising development/ Development

Process

TODs

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES:

Balanced Development

Protect and Conserve Nature, Historic and Open Spaces TODs

Promote Infill & Redevelopment

Enhance Accessibility

Promote Key Economic Areas as Focal Point For Growth

Plan & Manage Regional Growth

Innovative & Sustainable Infrastructure & Utilities

Liveable, Walkable Green Cities - Quality and Sustainable Neighbourhoods

Downloadable at www.iskandarmalaysia.com.my

Comprehensive Development Plan 2006-2025

CDP Review

Blueprints directly relevant to the environment

PLAN

PROMOTE

FACILITATE

IRDA’s roles

Public versions downloadable at www.iskandarmalaysia.com.my

01 Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Iskandar Malaysia

Project Background

Site: Iskandar Malaysia Objective: i. To draw up key policies and strategies in guiding the development of Iskandar Malaysia in mitigating carbon emission. Transforming Iskandar Malaysia into a sustainable low carbon metropolis by adopting green growth strategies/roadmap. ii. To respond to the nation’s aspiration for ensuring climate-resilient development for sustainability. Target Year: 2025 (2005 – 2025)

(Iskandar Regional Development Authority)

01 Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Iskandar Malaysia

5 Research Groups + 1 Implementation Agency

Scenario Integration/ Land Use Planning

IRDA

Energy

Air Quality and Transportation

Waste Management

Education/ Consensus

Socio-economic Scenarios 02 Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia

GHG Emissions, Energy Demand and Emission Intensity

Unit 2005 2025 BaU 2025 CM

2025BaU /2005

2025CM /2005

2025CM/ 2025BaU

Final Energy Demand (Mtoe)

2.5 7.6 5.2 3.11 2.14 0.69

GHG emissions (MtCO2eq)

10.5 30.2 18.3 2.88 1.66 0.60

Per Capita CO2 Emissions (tCO2eq)

7.7 10.1 6.1 1.30 0.78 0.60

GHG Intensity (kgCO2eq/RM )

0.29 0.21 0.13 0.73 0.44 0.60

02 Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia

04 Potential Mitigation Options for Iskandar Malaysia Green Economy, Green Community and Green Environment

COP 18 Side Event . Doha . 30 November 2012

Green Economy 59%

Green Community 21% Green Environment 20%

04 Potential Mitigation Options for Iskandar Malaysia 12 Actions Towards Low Carbon Future

COP 18 Side Event . Doha . 30 November 2012

Mitigation Options CO2 Reduction

%

Green Economy 7,401 59% Action 1 Integrated Green Transportation 1,916 15% Action 2 Green Industry 1,085 9% Action 3 Low Carbon Urban Governance** - - Action 4 Green Building and Construction 1,338 11% Action 5 Green Energy System and Renewable Energy 3,061 24%

Green Community 2,557 21% Action 6 Low Carbon Lifestyle 2,557 21% Action 7 Community Engagement and Consensus Building** - -

Green Environment 2,510 20% Action 8 Walkable, Safe and Livable City Design 264 2% Action 9 Smart Urban Growth 1,214 10% Action 10 Green and Blue Infrastructure and Rural Resources 620 5%

Action 11 Sustainable Waste Management 412 3% Action 12 Clean Air Environment** - -

Total 12,467** 100%

04 Potential Mitigation Options for Iskandar Malaysia 12 Actions Towards Low Carbon Future

COP 18 Side Event . Doha . 30 November 2012

Science to Policy and Policy to Implementation COP 18 Side Event . Doha . 30 November

2012

Quantification from LCS modeling assist better understanding on impact of proposed actions, sub actions and programs. Good baseline study, consensus building and low carbon blueprint plan will help to develop an integrated climate resilient , Low carbon framework for a city or region.

Green cities or Local carbon cities need to have a LOW CARBON SOCIETIES mindset/ behavior and Joint effort between different professions (Planners, architect, engineer and related environmental profession) Important to have a Asian (eg IGES & AIM workshop) and International platform for research collaboration between researchers in LCS as well as capacity building opportunities.

Research:

Institutions

Academia

Policy

(IRDA, LAs)

Actions on the ground:

See and Touch

LCS

BPs

GREEN FOCUSED AGENDA

CDP (review) LCS (281)

AGENDAS(11) BLUEPRINTS ( 24)

Selection of projects/ programs

10 PRIORITY PROJECTS

• Eco-Life Challenge programme with schools in IM

• Clean and Green City project - Pasir Gudang

• Green Transportation - BRT

• Portal for Green Technology/Human Capital demand

• Proposed Kulai Eco-preneurial Town

• GAIA+CASBEE

• Green Economy Guidelines

• Introduce low carbon rural tourism packages

• Solid Waste Management/Audit of government building for EE

• Reintroduce endemic forest species into existing urban parks - Identify species and locations of trees to be planted

Eco-Life Challenge programme with schools

• To produce IM Eco-Life Challenge module & lesson

• To conduct Eco-Life Challenge to 50 pilot primary schools

• To train 50 school counsellors to conduct Eco-Life Challenge

• To measure the LCS awareness of students / counsellors before and after the conduct of Eco-Life Challenge

• To evaluate the effectiveness of Eco-Life Challenge in inculcating LCS among school students and teachers

GAIA Framework + CASBEE

• The GAIA (Green Accord Initiative Award) Framework

• A Certificate and Plaque (no cash involved) awarded to worthy developments that have been designed green

• The Award can only be given after the development (individual building or housing estate/taman) has been critically assessed using Casbee or another assessment tools

• IRDA will give the Award to worthy recipients.

• The GAIA Certificate can be used for promotional and marketing purposes; the Plaque can be placed on the building or development to display that the development is GAIA-certified.

Biomass township

• Bottom up community engagement development in a green way through the application of RE and EE, in an effort to contribute to the implementation of the LCSBP.

• Design layout has been produced where green elements have been considered – building materials, solar PV, biomass (e.g. using oil palm in Johor), wind turbines, rainwater harvesting etc. But the buildings and areas should also be designed to be low emission

Launching of the LCSBPIM – COP18 Doha 2012

Implementation of LCSBP Actions – 10 programmes in 2013

COP16(Malaysia Low Carbon Project)_English.mpg

http://www.rtcc.org/climate-change-tv/unfccc-videos/malaysias-cleantech-revolution/

http://www.rtcc.org/climate-change-tv/unfccc-videos/low-carbon-asia/

http://www.rtcc.org/climate-change-tv/unfccc-videos/mohamed-bin-sa-elal-malaysia-climate-change/

01 Low Carbon Society Scenarios for Iskandar Malaysia From COP 16 to COP18 – Active Participation

http://unfccc4.meta-fusion.com/kongresse/cop18/templ/play.php?id_kongresssession=5642&theme=unfccc

Green Economy: On-going

Green Transportation

Public transport system

improvement

Bas Iskandar Malaysia- social

route

BeXTRA- BAS EKSPRES

TRANSIT- express, limited transit

point

Improve JB - Singapore, JB-KL

Connectivity

UNDP/GEF Low Carbon Cities

Low Carbon Urban

Governance

Governance Structure

Implementation of Programmes

Specification Cards

Danga Bay proposed

waterfront project

Green Industry

Promote the ecological &

economic benefits of

greening existing industries

(Thru facilitation of investment and

new development)

Training programmes

Green Economy Guidelines

Expert Talk Series

Green Building and Construction

Promote and Facilitate Green Building in New

Construction

Danga Bay proposed

waterfront project

District Cooling

CASBEE/GAIA

Green Energy System and Renewable

Energy

Promotion of Renewable

Energy for new development

SEDA’s role –FIT; Renewable

Energy

Biomass

1.

Ensure Energy Efficiency in Key Sectors

2.

Promote & Support the Development of

Renewable Resources

3.

Ensure Energy Efficient in

Infrastructure; and Integrated

Design

Codes and standards: Green building index Street lighting Education programmes Campaigns (labeling,

types of appliances that save energy, good habits)

Benchmarking Operation & maintenance

STRATEGIC INITIATIVES:

IM’s own FIT incentives: Solar farms Rooftop solar PV Mini-hydro MSW Agricultural wastes Liquid wastes

STRATEGIC INITIATIVES:

District cooling and ice-storage

Co-generation GIS for spatial planning Transport design and

policy Integrated design and

renovation (clusters)

STRATEGIC INITIATIVES:

Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency BP: 3 Strategies & 17 Initiatives

Energy Advance (Tokyo Gas), collaborating with

Jana DSC, Nusajaya

2 companies looking at solar farms in IM; Solar PV

for PRISMA public housing

CASBEE – Keio U currently doing pilot

assessment for IM region; IRDA proposes to adopt CASBEE as a

tools for building efficiency assessment

Green Community: On-going

Low Carbon Lifestyle

• Enhancing public awareness e.g. JB Transformation

• Enhancing school awareness on going green

• Promote Energy Efficiency • Eco-Life Challenge for

schools within Iskandar Malaysia

• Proposal – Covered Walkway from City Square

Community Engagement & Consensus-Building

• Input from Stakeholders and LCS Information Sharing with stakeholders in IM

• FGD, Symposium, workshop, regular meetings with the public

• Portal for Green Technology

Green Environment: On-going

Walkable, Safe, Livable City

Design

Designing the Safe City (from crime) – CCTV,

Community Police Posts

Cycling paths & Walkways

Smart Urban Growth

Promote Compact

Urban Development

Smart City Concepts /FCI

Kulai Eco-town proposal

Green and Blue Infrastructure

& Rural Resources

Conservation of Mangrove

Forests

Wise Use of Ramsar sites

Responsible Tourism

Urban Forests

Sustainable Waste

Management

IRDA Going Green

Hybrid Car-Parking

3R promotion in schools &

homes

Clean Air Environment

Promote low emission

vehicle, low emission

technologies for industry

Air Quality Monitoring

Pasir Gudang – Green &

Healthy City

World Resources Institute connection

Cities are widely recognised as major contributors to GHG emissions. 51% of the world’s population, about 3.5B people, live in urban areas. The 2008 World Energy Outlook estimated that cities accounted for over 70% of global CO2 emissions from energy consumptions. To address growing urban GHG emissions it is necessary to understand each city’s emission patterns and identify the major sources of emissions as well as reduction opportunities from both direct and indirect sources.

http://www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting

http://insights.wri.org/news/2013/04/lessons-learned-low-carbon-city-planning-malaysia

In 2011, experts from the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) convened a working group to help the Iskandar Regional Development Authority (IRDA) develop a blueprint to make Iskandar, Malaysia the first low-carbon development region in the country. The blueprint contains the current level of GHG emissions, GHG reduction targets for 2025, and step-by-step action plans to achieve these targets. - See more at: http://insights.wri.org/news/2013/04/lessons-learned-low-carbon-city-planning-malaysia#sthash.K5letJYu.dpuf

Year

Sus

tain

abili

ty

Present 2010

Future 2025

Today Iskandar Malaysia High Carbon Society, Lower Sustainability

Tomorrow Iskandar Malaysia Low Carbon Society, Higher Sustainability, Green Growth/ Economy

Iskandar Malaysia: Today and Tomorrow

02 Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia Policy Context of LCS Blueprint

02 Low Carbon Society Blueprint for Iskandar Malaysia Research – Policymaking Model of LCS Blueprint Formulation

Conclusion • Cities are main contributors to greenhouse gases (GHGs)

emission and susceptible to global warming.

• In particular for the cities of developing nations in Asian regions with increasing population growth and continuous economy development consuming vast resources generating enormous waste are producing a large volume of GHGs.

• In order to assist local authorities to reduce GHG emission that contribute to global warming , we – R &D / science and technology to carryout baseline study in order to

formulate feasible policy and implementation

– providing platform for exchange of ideas between policy makers and researchers as well as between countries.

Thank You Terima Kasih 谢谢 धन्यवा ありがとう

Thank you for your attention!