Imperialism in AsiaImperialism in Asia

Ms. RebeccaMs. Rebecca

SS9SS9

20102010

Do Now:Do Now:

Why did Europeans want to take over Why did Europeans want to take over land in Africa?land in Africa?

Why did Europeans want to Why did Europeans want to take over land in Africa?take over land in Africa?

3 main reasons3 main reasons Gain resourcesGain resources Gain powerGain power Spread religionSpread religion

Same reasons!Same reasons!

Many of these Many of these reasons were also reasons were also reasons that reasons that Europeans wanted to Europeans wanted to gain colonies in gain colonies in AsiaAsia..

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Natural ResourcesNatural Resources

Europeans wanted Europeans wanted Asian natural Asian natural resources to support resources to support their growing their growing industries.industries.

TradeTrade

Europeans also Europeans also wanted to have land wanted to have land in Asia because that in Asia because that would make it less would make it less expensive/easier for expensive/easier for them to trade with them to trade with otherother Asian Asian countries like China countries like China and India.and India.

GloryGlory

Europeans, once Europeans, once again, believed that again, believed that having more land in having more land in places like Asia places like Asia would make them would make them look more powerful.look more powerful.

Imperialism in IndiaImperialism in India

Started with the Started with the British East India British East India CompanyCompany. In the . In the 1600s, the company 1600s, the company gained control over gained control over much of India.much of India.

In 1858, Great Britain In 1858, Great Britain turned India into a colonyturned India into a colony

Great BritainGreat Britain

ALSO ALSO unified unified India. India. It It used to beused to be many many different different statesstates instead of one large instead of one large country.country.

Changes the British made Changes the British made to India:to India:

1. Made English the 1. Made English the official languageofficial language

2. Built roads, dams 2. Built roads, dams and hospitalsand hospitals

3. Built more schools3. Built more schools

Are these good Are these good things?things?

Changes the British made Changes the British made to India:to India:

1. Made English the 1. Made English the official languageofficial language

2. Built roads, dams 2. Built roads, dams and hospitalsand hospitals

3. Built more schools3. Built more schools

How could these How could these things be bad?things be bad?

HospitalsHospitals

Caused people to live Caused people to live longer. The Indian longer. The Indian population grew, as a population grew, as a result of more result of more hospitals and made it hospitals and made it so that there wasn’t so that there wasn’t enough food to feed enough food to feed the growing the growing population. population.

Massive Massive povertypoverty

Cloth IndustryCloth Industry

Indians used to make Indians used to make cloth by hand.cloth by hand.

Cloth IndustryCloth Industry

The English made The English made cloth by using cloth by using machines.machines.

Cloth IndustryCloth Industry

It was cheaper and It was cheaper and easier for the British easier for the British to make cloth so they to make cloth so they could see their cloth could see their cloth in India for a lower in India for a lower price.price.

Cloth IndustryCloth Industry

More people in India More people in India bought cheap British bought cheap British cloth and Indian cloth cloth and Indian cloth businesses suffered.businesses suffered.

How did the British treat How did the British treat Indians?Indians?

British British imperialimperial leaders could be very leaders could be very mean to the Indian mean to the Indian people.people.

Indians in the British Indians in the British armyarmy

Background: Indian Background: Indian men were part of a men were part of a British colony. As a British colony. As a result, they were result, they were expected to fight for expected to fight for the British army.the British army.

Indians in the British Indians in the British armyarmy

BUT the British didn’t really respect BUT the British didn’t really respect Indian soldiers. They just wanted them Indian soldiers. They just wanted them to help the British win wars.to help the British win wars.

ExampleExample

Some Indians were MuslimSome Indians were Muslim They don’t eat porkThey don’t eat pork Some British weapons required men to bite off Some British weapons required men to bite off

parts of ammunition with their teeth to get it parts of ammunition with their teeth to get it ready to fire.ready to fire.

This ammunition was held together with pork This ammunition was held together with pork fat. fat.

That means that Muslim Indians would be That means that Muslim Indians would be forced to bite pork (against their religious forced to bite pork (against their religious beliefs)beliefs)

Example continuedExample continued

Some Indian soldiers refused to use the Some Indian soldiers refused to use the ammunition with pork fat on it.ammunition with pork fat on it.

The British soldiers punished them (beat The British soldiers punished them (beat them)them)

The Indian solders were very upset about The Indian solders were very upset about this total lack of respect for the Muslim this total lack of respect for the Muslim religious beliefs so…….religious beliefs so…….

Indian Revolt on 1857!Indian Revolt on 1857!

The Indian solders The Indian solders attacked the British attacked the British soldiers who they soldiers who they had once fought for.had once fought for.

Sepoy MutinySepoy Mutiny

Costly to both sidesCostly to both sides

Many British and Many British and Indian soldiers died Indian soldiers died in the fight.in the fight.

http://www.1857mutiny.com/wp-content/uploads/battle-betwa-mutiny-sepoy-1857-1858.jpg

ResultsResults

The British gave The British gave Indian officials more Indian officials more power to rule with power to rule with respect for Indian respect for Indian culture. culture.

http://www.1st-art-gallery.com/thumbnail/226759/1/British-Officers-Indian-Army.jpg

Indians wanted moreIndians wanted more

They wanted They wanted self-self-rulerule like the British like the British gave to Canada, gave to Canada, Australia, and New Australia, and New Zealand.Zealand.

http://www.bbinfocanada.com/cimages/canada_eng2.jpg

They also wanted They also wanted independenceindependence

From British rule.From British rule.

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Indians formed groups to Indians formed groups to push for push for independenceindependence

1885- Hindu leaders 1885- Hindu leaders formed the formed the Indian Indian National CongressNational Congress (INC)(INC)

1906- Muslim leaders 1906- Muslim leaders formed the formed the Muslim Muslim LeagueLeague

Imperialism in ChinaImperialism in China

During the 1700s, During the 1700s, British people British people LOVED Chinese tea LOVED Chinese tea and they bought a lot and they bought a lot of Chinese things. of Chinese things. China made a lot of China made a lot of money from this.money from this.

http://www.visitourchina.com/images/guide/culture/tea.jpg

China didn’t want British China didn’t want British stuffstuff

The Chinese didn’t really The Chinese didn’t really have a demand from have a demand from British goods.British goods.

The British were upset The British were upset about this. They wanted about this. They wanted to make money from the to make money from the Chinese so, they decided Chinese so, they decided to sell them something to sell them something that wasn’t from Great that wasn’t from Great Britain: Britain: opiumopium..

OpiumOpium

Addictive drug grown Addictive drug grown especially in places especially in places like Afghanistan. like Afghanistan.

It was easy for the It was easy for the British to get from the British to get from the middle east and sell middle east and sell to the Chinese for a to the Chinese for a huge profit.huge profit.

Why did the Chinese Why did the Chinese want it?want it?

The British only had The British only had to get Chinese to get Chinese people to try people to try opium opium a few times before a few times before they got they got addictedaddicted and and neededneeded to buy to buy more and more.more and more.

http://breathewithme.files.wordpress.com/2008/07/drug-addiction.jpg

It worked!It worked!

The Chinese became The Chinese became addicted to addicted to opium opium and the British got and the British got rich selling it to them.rich selling it to them.

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Chinese leaders were Chinese leaders were very upsetvery upset

One official asked One official asked Queen Victoria from Queen Victoria from Great Britain to stop Great Britain to stop the opium trade. the opium trade.

http://darlingofourage.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/queen_victoria_-_aged_66.jpg

The Queen didn’t stop The Queen didn’t stop the the opiumopium trade so….. trade so…..

In 1839, war broke In 1839, war broke out between China out between China and Great Britain. It and Great Britain. It was called the was called the Opium WarOpium War..

The Opium WarThe Opium War

The British won the The British won the war because they war because they had better weapons.had better weapons.

http://www.japanfocus.org/data/opiumwar.jpg

The Treaty of NankingThe Treaty of Nanking

The war ended with The war ended with the the Treaty of Treaty of NankingNanking in 1842. in 1842.

http://www.lessignets.com/signetsdiane/calendrier/images/aout/29/Treaty-of-nanking1617.jpg

Results of the Results of the Opium War:Opium War:

The British forced the The British forced the Chinese to open Chinese to open more more port cities.port cities.

The Chinese gave The Chinese gave the British control of the British control of Hong Kong.Hong Kong.

http://tech.mit.edu/V117/N29/hongkong.29.gif

Many Europeans came Many Europeans came into Chinainto China

European nations and European nations and Japan came into China.Japan came into China.

They DIDN’T set up They DIDN’T set up coloniescolonies or or protectoratesprotectorates but they but they set up set up spheres of spheres of influenceinfluence where they where they still had some impact of still had some impact of the people in the the people in the region.region.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9d/Spheres_of_influence.png

Sphere of InfluenceSphere of Influence

Each foreign nation Each foreign nation that came into China that came into China had some special had some special trading rights.trading rights.

What did this mean for What did this mean for China?China?

Many foreign powers Many foreign powers controlled the controlled the Chinese economy.Chinese economy.

Chinese people didn’t Chinese people didn’t like this.like this.

They wanted They wanted reformreform (change)(change)

The The Qing DynastyQing Dynasty

was in power in was in power in China during the time China during the time of the of the Opium War. Opium War. But it had grown But it had grown weak.weak.

http://www.nanpi.gov.cn/UploadFiles/200741591332917.jpg

Hong Xi UquanHong Xi Uquan

Was a man who led Was a man who led a a rebellion rebellion to get rid to get rid of the of the QingQing dynasty. dynasty.

This rebellion was This rebellion was called: called: The Taiping The Taiping RebellionRebellion

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The Taiping RebellionThe Taiping Rebellion

Deadliest war of the 1800s.Deadliest war of the 1800s. Millions killedMillions killed Foreign powers helped end the rebellion Foreign powers helped end the rebellion

in 1864 but the Qing Dynasty was in 1864 but the Qing Dynasty was weakened.weakened.

Imperialism in Southeast Imperialism in Southeast Asia and the PacificAsia and the Pacific

In Southeast Asia:In Southeast Asia: The The FrenchFrench took took

over over VietnamVietnam, , LaosLaos, , and and CambodiaCambodia. . All All of these combined of these combined were called: were called: French French Indochina.Indochina.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Indochine_fran%C3%A7aise_(1913).jpg

The BritishThe British

Took over Took over BurmaBurma (Myanmar today).(Myanmar today).

http://www.travel-myanmar-all.com/pics/The%20British%20annexed%20Burma.jpg

The United StatesThe United States

Took over the Took over the Philippines.Philippines.

The The PhilippinesPhilippines used to be ruled by used to be ruled by the Spanish until the the Spanish until the U.S. defeated the U.S. defeated the Spanish in 1898 Spanish in 1898 during the during the Spanish Spanish American WarAmerican War..

http://bakitwhy.com/bw-assets/images/philippines_american_flags.jpg

The United StatesThe United States

Also took over Also took over HawaiiHawaii and and GuamGuam..

The New JapanThe New Japan

In the early 1800s, In the early 1800s, the Japanese were the Japanese were unhappy with their unhappy with their government and government and wanted a change. wanted a change.

isolationismisolationism

The Japanese had a The Japanese had a policy of policy of isolationismisolationism where where they didn’t trade with they didn’t trade with other countries.other countries.

Matthew PerryMatthew Perry

U.S. military officer U.S. military officer Matthew PerryMatthew Perry brought guns, clocks, brought guns, clocks, and a train engine to and a train engine to Japan.Japan.

http://www.grifworld.com/perry/img/perry.JPG

Japanese want tradeJapanese want trade

The Japanese liked The Japanese liked the things that the things that Matthew Perry Matthew Perry showed them and it showed them and it made them want to made them want to stop stop isolationismisolationism and trade with other and trade with other countries.countries.

http://la.florentine.free.fr/images/locomotive%20%E0%20vapeur%20140-c-314.jpg

Meiji RestorationMeiji Restoration

The Japanese The Japanese decided to put an decided to put an emperor back on the emperor back on the throne in 1868 and throne in 1868 and began to trade with began to trade with other countries. This other countries. This period of time was period of time was called: called: The Meiji The Meiji Restoration.Restoration.

Meiji RestorationMeiji Restoration

During this time the During this time the Japanese adopted Japanese adopted many western many western European customs.European customs.

New CustomsNew Customs

They built a modern They built a modern army and navy and army and navy and became a strong became a strong industrialindustrial power. power.

Meiji RestorationMeiji Restoration

The Japanese were The Japanese were also open to new also open to new western things like western things like baseball. Today baseball. Today baseball is the most baseball is the most popular team sport in popular team sport in Japan!Japan!

http://old.japanfocus.org/images/UserFiles/Image/2398.Heyford.Samurai%20Baseball/Japanese%20baseball%20players%20on%20the%20field.jpg

Answer the following questions on a piece of paper to turn in Answer the following questions on a piece of paper to turn in

BEFORE you leave class today:BEFORE you leave class today:

1. What are 3 reasons why Europeans wanted to 1. What are 3 reasons why Europeans wanted to imperialize imperialize BOTH Asia and BOTH Asia and Africa? Explain HOW each reason benefited European imperial countries.Africa? Explain HOW each reason benefited European imperial countries.

2. What are 2 examples of GOOD things that happened in India as a result of 2. What are 2 examples of GOOD things that happened in India as a result of ImperialismImperialism??

3. What are 2 examples of BAD things that happened in India as a result of 3. What are 2 examples of BAD things that happened in India as a result of imperialismimperialism??

4. What happened during the 4. What happened during the Sepoy MutinySepoy Mutiny??

5. How did the British make money from the Chinese when Chinese people 5. How did the British make money from the Chinese when Chinese people didn’t want to buy British goods?didn’t want to buy British goods?

6. Why was the 6. Why was the Opium War Opium War fought?fought?

7. What is the only country in Southeast Asia that was never taken over by 7. What is the only country in Southeast Asia that was never taken over by imperialimperial powers? powers?

8. List 3 ways Japan changed during the 8. List 3 ways Japan changed during the Meiji Restoration.Meiji Restoration.

Homework: Make sure you have the following Homework: Make sure you have the following vocabulary terms and definitions in your notes!vocabulary terms and definitions in your notes!

British East India CompanyBritish East India Company

Sepoy MutinySepoy Mutiny

IndependenceIndependence

OpiumOpium

AddictedAddicted

Opium WarOpium War

Queen VictoriaQueen Victoria

Treaty of NankingTreaty of Nanking

Sphere of InfluenceSphere of Influence

ColonyColony

Qing DynastyQing Dynasty

Taiping RebellionTaiping Rebellion

IsolationismIsolationism

Matthew PerryMatthew Perry

Meiji RestorationMeiji Restoration