Imperialism Chapter 5, section 1. Imperialism Defined: The economic and political domination of a...
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Transcript of Imperialism Chapter 5, section 1. Imperialism Defined: The economic and political domination of a...
Imperialism
• Defined: The economic and political domination of a strong nation over other weaker nations
Imperialism
• In the 1800s, European nations were very aggressive
• Expanded control of nations all around the globe
• Best example:
Imperialism
• 1. Economic
• Countries had become industrialized, factories needed raw materials, resources
• Needed new overseas markets
• Example:
Imperialism
• 2. Nationalism
• Defined: Extreme patriotism
• Nations gobbled up land to prevent their rival nations from gaining complete control in some regions
• Example:
Imperialism
• 3. Militaristic
• Some regions were taken over to provide defense, to protect their investments
• Example:
Imperialism
• 4. Humanitarian reasons
• Social Darwinism widely accepted
• Many felt it was their “Christian duty” to help other races
• “The White Man’s Burden”
Imperial Control
• European nations began exerting control over those territories
• Some areas became colonies
• Many others became protectorates
U.S. Imperialism
• Until the late 1800s, the U.S. had always been able to expand westward
• “Manifest destiny”
• Americans felt to keep the economy strong, they needed to expand its overseas markets
U.S. Imperialism• The U.S. will look westward when
beginning to look for new markets overseas
• Began extensive trade with China in the mid 1800s
Japan
• Many American business leaders wanted to open up trade with Japan
• Beginning in 1638, Japan cut off trade with foreign nations fearing their culture was being threatened
Japan• The Japanese realized they were
lacking in technology
• Japan signed a trade agreement with the U.S. the following year
Japan
• Japan began to Westernize their nation after U.S. forced trade
• Reshaped their history
• By 1890, Japan will become a powerful nation in Asia
Hawaii
• 1875—U.S. exempted Hawaii sugar from tariffs
• 1887—U.S. renewed treaty, along with right to build naval base at Pearl Harbor
Hawaii
• American influence in Hawaii grew
• Many Americans owned plantations on the islands
• Became a major exporter of sugarcane and pineapples
Hawaii
• Queen Liliuokalani took the throne in 1891 and tried to take back power that was lost to American plantation owners
Hawaii
• American plantation owners, led by Sanford B. Dole, with support from the marines overthrew the queen
Hawaii
• They asked to be annexed by the U.S.
• President Cleveland would not accept annexation, thought it was wrong
• Hawaii was annexed in 1898
Latin America
• Latin Americans bought most of their goods from Europe
• U.S. wanted to be the dominant power in the region
Latin America
• Sec. of State James G. Blaine proposed idea of Pan-Americanism, which called for economic and political cooperation between the U.S. and Latin American countries
• L.A. nations rejected the idea
Latin America
• L.A. nations did agree to create the Organization of American States (OAS)
• OAS has worked to promote cooperation among the nations in L.A.
U.S. Navy
• Americans were willing to risk war to defend American interests overseas
• Led to support for a large modern navy
U.S. Navy• Alfred T. Mahan, Captain in the U.S. Navy, published The Influence of Seapower Upon History, 1660-1783
• Stated all strong nations had strong navies, U.S. needed new territories for naval bases
• Persuaded many gov’t officials to support increasing naval strength