IMPEACHMENT PRIMER - fedbar.org€¦ · IMPEACHMENT PRIMER An overview of the impeachment process,...

IMPEACHMENT PRIMER

An overview of the impeachment process, events leading up to the

Ukraine investigation, key events in the impeachment proceedings, and public

opinion on impeaching President Trump

January 16, 2020

Roadmap

Impeachment process

Key players and events

The impeachment inquiry and public hearings

The House impeachment vote

The Senate impeachment trial

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The impeachment process has six steps

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*Rep. Jeff Van Drew announced that he will join the Republican Party. **The two independent senators (Sanders - VT and King - ME) caucus with the Democrats. Sources: New York Times, Ballotpedia, Roll Call.

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Democrats are far from the threshold at which they would have enough votes to impeach and convict President Trump

Impeachment process! Simple majority vote in House to indict president for “treason,

bribery, or other high crimes & misdemeanors”

! 2/3 vote in the Senate to convict president and remove from office

25th Amendment process! VP and a majority of the cabinet tell Congress the president is

“unable to discharge the powers & duties of his office”

! If the president appeals, 2/3 vote in both House and Senate removes president from office

Simple majority:

216(due to 4 vacancies)

2/3 majority: 67

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Impeachment process





Roadmap

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Key people related to the Trump-Ukraine investigation

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Roadmap

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Impeachment in the House: key events (1/2)

TTMadeline Hanson | Slide last updated on: November 13, 2019

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Timeline of events during the impeachment inquiry

Sources: Axios; CNN; The Guardian; Congress.gov; NPR.

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Impeachment in the House: key events (2/2)

TM

Sources: Washington Post; Vox; House Judiciary Committee; New York Times; Axios; CNN; The Guardian; Congress.gov.

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Madeline Hanson | Slide last updated on: December 20, 2019

13

The House resolution to start a formal impeachment inquiry passed along party lines

There are currently three vacant seats in the House: WI-7, NY-27, and MD-7.Sources: Congress.gov, NPR.

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14

Ukraine foreign policy was largely conducted by the “three amigos” via an irregular, unofficial second channel! Three officials—Ambassador to the EU Gordon Sondland, former Special Envoy to Ukraine Kurt Volker, and Energy Secretary

Rick Perry—were chosen by the White House to circumvent normal foreign policy procedures and control the Trump Administration’s policy priorities in Ukraine

Madeline Hanson | Slide last updated on: November 14, 2019

Sources: Axios; Wall Street Journal; NPR; CNBC; Vox.

!

Allegations leading to the removal of former Ukraine Ambassador Marie Yovanovitch are considered a “baseless smear campaign”

! Yovanovitch was removed from her post this spring, an act which officials say was a “top priority” for the president! The order came amidst accusations by Trump’s personal lawyer, Rudy Giuliani, that she was undermining his efforts abroad,

particularly the effort to get Ukraine officials to investigate Biden’s son

"

There appeared to be a quid pro quo in which a White House visit for President Zelensky was conditioned on the announcement of investigations into Trump’s political opponents

! The Ukrainians were repeatedly told that President Zelensky would be invited to the White House for a meeting if the investigations Trump requested were pursued

! In August, Trump’s team pressed Ukraine to release a public statement committing to the investigations, which Ukrainian officials said they would agree to if a date for a visit to the White House was confirmed

#

Key takeaways from closed-door impeachment depositions

After weeks of closed-door testimonies were released, several common storylines have emerged

Key point of dispute: Testimonies differed on whether holding the military aid to Ukraine was used as leverage, though some key diplomats stated they believe it was

! Though he originally denied any knowledge of withholding military aid to Ukraine, Sondland amended his original testimony in early November

! Sondland’s revised testimony includes details about an interaction between him and a Ukrainian official, in which he admittedthat halted military aid would “likely not resume” unless Ukraine released the requested statement on the investigations

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House Intelligence Committee public hearings (1/2)

15Madeline Hanson | Slide last updated on: December 13, 2019

Sources: Axios; NPR; New York Times; Washington Post; ABC News; Ballotpedia.

A schedule of and key takeaways from the hearings

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House Intelligence Committee public hearings (2/2)

16Madeline Hanson | Slide last updated on: December 13, 2019

Sources: Axios; NPR; New York Times; Washington Post; ABC News; CNN; Ballotpedia.

A schedule of and key takeaways from the hearings

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The Dec. 4 House Judiciary Committee hearing involved testimony from four constitutional scholars

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Sources: House Judiciary Committee; NBC News.

Impeachment process





Roadmap

Tc

On Dec. 10, Chairman Nadler of the House Judiciary Committee introduced two articles of impeachment

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Article I: Abuse of Power Article II: Obstruction of Congress

. ..

“Using the powers of his high office, President Trump solicited the interference of a foreign

government, Ukraine, in the 2020 United States Presidential election”

“Donald J. Trump has directed the unprecedented, categorical, and indiscriminate defiance of

subpoenas issued by the House of Representatives”

Article I alleges that President Trump, “acting directly and indirectly”:! Solicited Ukraine to publicly announce

investigations into former VP Joe Biden and a discredited theory regarding 2016 election interference for his personal political gain

! Conditioned the release of $391M in congressionally-approved military aid and a White House visit on the public announcement of the investigations

! Ultimately released the aid after his actions were publicly revealed and has persisted in the solicitation of the investigations

Article II alleges that President Trump, “without lawful cause or excuse”:! Directed Executive Branch officials not to comply

with congressional subpoenas and to withhold the production of documents and records

! Interposed the powers of the presidency against the lawful subpoenas of the House

! Assumed to himself the functions and judgments necessary to conduct impeachment proceedings, which are solely vested in the House by the Constitution


Sources: Congress.gov.

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! The first charge—Abuse of Power—does not “cite any crime or facts on improver actions taken by President Trump”

! The second charge—Obstruction of Congress—”ignores longstanding constitutional privileges exercised by the President”

MS

On Dec. 13, the House Judiciary Committee passed both articles of impeachment

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obstructing Congress

!

!

!

!

!

!

!!


Sources: Congress.gov; Politico; Washington Post.

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Article II: Obstruction of CongressVote: 229-198

21

On Dec. 18, the House voted to impeach President Donald Trump on both articles of impeachment

*Rep. Justin Amash (MI-3) recently left the Republican Party and is not a part of the GOP caucus.**Rep. Jeff Van Drew (D-NJ-2) announced prior to the vote that he would be joining the GOP, but voted as a registered Democrat.

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Article I: Abuse of PowerVote: 230-197

216 votes for majority


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216 votes for majority


MMMadeline Hanson | Slide last updated on: December 20, 2019

Four Democrats defected from the party-line impeachment vote

Sources: Washington Post; The Office of US Representative Jared Golden; The Office of US Representative Collin Peterson; Tulsi 2020.

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“I am standing in the center and have decided to vote Present. I could not in good conscience vote against impeachment because I believe President Trump is guilty of wrongdoing. I also could not in good conscience vote for impeachment because removal of a sitting President must not be the culmination of a partisan process, fueled by tribal animosities that have so gravely divided our country.”– Rep. Tulsi Gabbard (D-HI-2)

Vote: Nay on both articles Vote: Nay on Article II Vote: Present

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M!

WASHINGTON POST-ABC NEWS POLL OF 1,003 PEOPLE, DECEMBER 10-15, 2019

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Prior to the impeachment vote, polling showed a deep partisan divide over impeachment

49%

85%

12%

47%

U.S. overall

Democrats

Republicans

Independents

46%

11%

86%

46%

Impeach and remove Do not impeach and remove

MHWASHINGTON POST-ABC NEWS POLL, DECEMBER 10-15, 2019

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US adults are divided over whether Trump obstructed Congress

49% 39% 13%

Improperly pressured Ukraine to investigate Joe Biden and his son?

Obstructed Congress by trying to interfere with impeachment?

49% 43% 8%

Trump did Trump did not No opinion

Impeachment process





Roadmap

MI MI

The impeachment proceedings reached a brief impasse due to debate over Senate trial rules

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MW

On Jan. 10, the White House announced the leadership of President Trump’s legal team

Name Position Key facts

Pat Cipollone White House counsel! Served as an outside adviser during the Mueller investigation

and replaced Don McGahn as White House counsel in Oct. 2018

Jay Sekulow Private attorney! Played a key role in Trump’s defense during the investigation

into Russia’s interference in the 2016 election! Has also represented Trump during the fight over his tax returns

Pat Philbin Deputy White House counsel! Clerked for Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas and served

in senior positions at the Justice Department during George W. Bush’s presidency

Mike Purpura Deputy White House counsel! Served under the Justice Department and as a federal prosecutor! Negotiated with witnesses who testified during the impeachment

inquiry, including Fiona Hill

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The Senate impeachment trial is set to begin on Jan. 21, 2020

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A majority of all voters believe the Senate should call additional witnesses in its impeachment trial

57%

71%

56%

40%

19%

14%

25%

21%

24%

15%

19%

39%

All voters

Democrats

Independents

Republicans

MORNING CONSULT/POLITICO POLL OF 1,995 REGISTERED VOTERS, JANUARY 4-5, 2020

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The Senate should call additional witnesses Don’t know/no opinion The Senate shouldn’t call additional witnesses

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IMPEACHMENT PRIMER - fedbar.org€¦ · IMPEACHMENT PRIMER An overview of the impeachment process,...

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