Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan...
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Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control
Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control
Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra AllanUSDA-ARS-CMAVETriservices Meeting
Feburary 2010
Insecticide contact
Pyrethroids
If not dead, then what?
Mosquito species
Behavioral assays
Entrance
Air+CO2
*Capillary release attractant*CO2 release 50ml/min
Attractant
*Infrared light was used illuminate nocturnally active mosquitoes.
*Treatment level lethal dose25
Flight path analysis
Untreated Cx. quinquefasciatus
Deltamethrin treated Cx. quinquefasciatus
Flight path analysis
Untreated An. albimanus
Permethrin treated An. albimanus
Flight path analysis
Treated Ae. aegypti
Untreated Ae. aegypti
Average flight velocity
*
*Velocity
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegpyti
Me
an
ve
loc
ity
(c
m/s
)
Contol Deltamethrin Permethrin
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti
Seco
nd
s
Control Deltamethrin Permethrin
Time in flight
01
23
45
67
8
Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti
Se
co
nd
s
Control Deltamethrin Permethrin
* *
Heading
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
De
gre
es
Control Detamethrin Permethrin
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti
Seco
nd
s
Control Deltamethrin Permethrin
*
*
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
Cx quinquefaciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti
% B
lood
Fed
Control Permethrin Deltamethrin
Blood feeding
*
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti
Seco
nd
s
Control Deltamethrin Permethrin
Implications
The sublethal affects of
pyrethroids on a mosquito’s
ability to detect and locate
hosts may increase the
efficacy of aerial and
residual spraying treatments
beyond their immediate
killing impact.
Personal protective measures
Band
Sleeve
Phlebotomuspapatasi
Treatment Hand Band SleeveBite
protection
Untreated 20 (29%) 11 (16%) 37 (54%) ---
Sleeve (permethrin) 43 (26%) 40 (24%) 84 (50%) -28.5%
Sleeve (permethrin) + Band (TL-I-73) 129 (27%) 86 (18%) 269 (56%) 16.9%
Band (TL-I-73) 39 (49%) 12 (15%) 28 (35%) 21.8%
Sleeve (permethrin) + Band (UB-21)
27 (40%) 12 (18%) 28 (41%) 94.1%
Number of landings per 20 minutes
Landing site
Band
Sleeve
Implications
Sand flies predominantly
land on the sleeve before
moving towards the
exposed skin; therefore a
lethal insecticidal barrier
at the uniform-skin
interface will reduce
disease transmission.
Acknowledgments• Uli Bernier• Matt Aubuchon
• Adrian Duehl• Erin Vrzal • Nathan Newlon