Impact of Fuel Quality on Design of Steam Generator P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering...
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Transcript of Impact of Fuel Quality on Design of Steam Generator P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering...
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Impact of Fuel Quality on Design of Steam Generator
P M V SubbaraoProfessor
Mechanical Engineering Department
The Influence of Natural Resources on Development….
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Basic The Theme Steam Generator Design
• Constrains:
• Imposed by Cycle Design (pmax, Tmax, etc.)
• Fuel Combustion Related.
• Heat Transfer Related
• Safety and Reliability Related.
! steamQMaximize
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Details of Basic Processes
• Flow of Air and Prepared Fuel – Fluid Dynamics.
• Generation of Thermal Energy – Using Natural Resources.
– Combustion Sciences.
• Transfer of Thermal Energy to working fluid.
– Science of Heat Transfer.
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Duties of A Furnace
• Dixon’s Theory:
• Generate an environment of excited fuel and oxygen molecules.
• All the fuel molecules should be surrounded by oxygen molecules.
• Facilitate frequent collisions among excited fuel molecules and excited fuel molecules.
• A successful collision can lead to combustion.
• Realization of Dixon’s Theory using Coal is highly challenging.
• Many possible technologies are available to realize above conditions with varying levels of success and expenditure.
• These are called Three Ts and one S technologies.
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Five Requisites for Good Combustion
• Fuel
• MATt Theory:– M : Proper mixing of the reactants.
– A: Sufficient air.
– T: Conducive temperature
– t: Sufficient time Satisfactory density of reactant.
Fourth DF systems contains various auxiliaries to satisfy MATt theory as completely as possible.
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Realization of MATt Theory
• Mixing: Fuel preparation systems.
• Air: Draught systems.
• T : Preheating of fuel.
• t : Dimensions of combustion chamber. : Turbulence generation systems.
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The Three Ts & One S Practice
Technology Time Temperature Turbulence Size
Stoker large Medium Low Big
Pulverized Short High Medium Tiny
Cyclone Short+ V High High Medium
Fluid Bed Medium Low High Medium
Size the Coal and Add the Air !!!
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Major Components of Coal Fired Steam Generator
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Major Components of Solid Waste SG
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The Timing - 1
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The Timing - 2
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Typical 455 M
We pulverized coal-fired drum
boiler —
B&
W C
arolina-type Radiant boiler
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Basic Geometry of A Furnace
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Boiler Furnace
• Structurally boiler furnace consists of the combustion space surrounded by water walls.
• The furnace is designed to perform two functions simultaneously, namely:
• Release of the chemical energy of fuel by combustion
• The first task of combustion technology is
• to burn the fuel efficiently and steadily,
• to consume controlled excess air (as little as possible),
• To generate a flame with controlled shape which will generate lowest amount of pollutants.
• Transfer of heat from the furnace to the working fluid inside the water walls.
• The important task of furnace heat removal is to produce a controlled Furnace Exit Gas Temperature (FEGT).
• FEGT is an important aspect of boiler safety.
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