IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part...
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Transcript of IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part...
![Page 1: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING
Part II - Implementation
F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi and J. P. Stewart
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Choice of Software (nonlinear capable)
• Commonly used for seismic analysis and design– ETABS– SAP2000– Perfrom-3D
• Public-domain (not user friendly)– OpenSees
• General F.E. (if you are suicidal!)– Adina– Abaqus– Ansys – and more
![Page 3: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MA Model
Spring ends constrained to the
ground motion history
Foundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strength
![Page 4: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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Rigid pedestal, free at the bottom and connected to a rigid plate at the top. Vertical and horizontal displacements induced at the bottom.
Vertical nonlinear springs and dashpots connecting the top of rigid plate to the bottom of mat foundation.
Horizontal nonlinear springs and dashpots connected to the basement wall. Horizontal ground displacements are induced at the free end of each spring and dashpot. Note that the same configuration exists at the other end.
![Page 6: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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Vertical Soil SpringsPedestals
Lateral Soil Springs
![Page 11: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Footing for the gravity system
Lateral Soil Springs
![Page 12: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
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Nonlinear ETABS Model (MA)
• Vertical masses included• << Explain the difference between eigen and Ritz
analysis >>• Eigenvalue analysis does not work• 50 Ritz vectors are utilized.
– The first 12 mode shapes used as Ritz vectors– Subbasement deformations used as Ritz vectors
• The gravity load was imposed as a ramp function followed by imposed horizontal and vertical ground displacements
• Damping: 1% critical, except for modes 1 and 4 (1.8%).
![Page 14: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
-17.8
-15.8
-13.8
-11.8
-9.8
-7.8
-5.8
-3.8
-1.8
0.2
0 50 100 150Time (seconds)
Acce
lera
tion
(g)
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Comparison with system identification results
Direction
Identified Periods (sec.)
MA Model Periods (sec.)
Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 1 Mode 2
E-W 6.07 1.95 6.06 1.92
N-S 5.12 1.86 5.18 1.81
Torsional 2.78 2.76
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Period Comparisons
ModelReported vibration periods for first five Ritz vectors (sec.)
1 2 3 4 5
MA* 6.06 5.18 2.76 1.92 1.81
1 6.03 5.15 2.75 1.91 1.81
2A 6.06 5.18 2.76 1.92 1.81
2B 6.06 5.18 2.76 1.92 1.81
2C 6.06 5.18 2.76 1.92 1.81
3A 6.04 5.18 2.78 1.92 1.82
3B 5.79 4.99 2.76 1.92 1.82
3C 5.79 4.99 2.76 1.92 1.82
3D 5.63 4.90 2.74 1.89 1.80
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 1D
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RecordedMathematical Model
![Page 21: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 2D
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RecordedMathematical Model
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 1D
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0 36 72 108 144 180
RecordedMathematical Model(Baseline Corrected)
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 2D
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RecordedMathematical Model(Baseline Corrected)
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 3D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 4D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 5D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 6D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 7D
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![Page 29: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 8D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 10D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 11D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 12D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 13D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 14D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 15D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 16D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 17D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 18D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 19D
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 20D
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Approximation #3b:Rigid soil beneath base slab and basement wall springs (tension allowed) with fixed ends
INPUT MOTIONS: Free-Field Accelerations applied at the base
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Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 3B
(sec)
1 6.06 5.79
2 5.18 4.99
3 2.76 2.76
4 1.92 1.92
5 1.81 1.82
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 6D
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Time (sec)
-0.5
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0.00 180.01
MA3B
NOTE: 3B model reports relative displacements. MA results are absolute displacements.
![Page 44: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 7D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0.00 180.01
MA3B
NOTE: 3B model reports relative displacements. MA results are absolute displacements.
![Page 45: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 18D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-2
-4
-6
-8
0
2
4
6
8
0.00 180.01
MA3B
![Page 46: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 19D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
0
2
4
6
8
0 180
MA3B
![Page 47: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Approximation #3c: Rigid soil beneath base slab and no interaction of soil with basement walls
INPUT MOTIONS: Same as #3d, ug(z=0)
![Page 52: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 3C
(sec)
1 6.06 5.79
2 5.18 4.99
3 2.76 2.76
4 1.92 1.92
5 1.81 1.82
![Page 53: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Sensor No. 3D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 180
MA3C
![Page 54: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Sensor No. 4D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 180
MA3C
![Page 55: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Sensor No. 6D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 180
MA3C
![Page 56: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Sensor No. 7D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 180
MA3C
![Page 57: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Sensor No. 18D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-2
-4
-6
-8
0
2
4
6
8
0 180
MA3C
![Page 58: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Sensor No. 19D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
0
1
2
3
4
0 180
MA3C
![Page 59: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
-10 -5 0 5 10Displacement (in.)
Sto
ry
MA3C
![Page 60: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6Displacement (in.)
Sto
ry
MA3C
![Page 61: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
3C
![Page 62: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA3C
![Page 63: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Approximation #3d:Embedded portion of structure neglected and fixed base assumed at ground level
INPUT MOTIONS: Free-field ground surface, ug(z=0); f=0
![Page 64: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 3D
(sec)
1 6.06 5.63
2 5.18 4.90
3 2.76 2.74
4 1.92 1.89
5 1.81 1.80
![Page 65: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Sensor No. 6D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 180
MA3D
![Page 66: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Sensor No. 7D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 180
MA3D
![Page 67: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Sensor No. 18D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-2
-4
-6
-8
0
2
4
6
8
0 180
MA3D
![Page 68: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Sensor No. 19D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 180
MA3D
![Page 69: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
-3
27
1217
2227
3237
42
4752
-10 -5 0 5 10Displacement (in.)
Sto
ry
MA
3D
![Page 70: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6Displacement (in.)
Sto
ry
MA3D
![Page 71: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
3D
![Page 72: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
3D
![Page 73: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Preliminary Findings
• Effects on modal properties are small• Significant effect on drift distribution over
height of structure• Two models do a poor job:
– 3B model: ug applied at base and fixed-end horizontal springs
– 3D model: Fixed base at ground level
• Not so bad (for this building): fixed base at base level of structure
![Page 74: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Approximation 3a
Spring ends constrained to the
ground motion history
Foundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strength
Tension allowed at soil-foundation interface
![Page 75: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 3A
(sec)
1 6.06 6.04
2 5.18 5.18
3 2.76 2.78
4 1.92 1.92
5 1.81 1.82
![Page 76: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Sensor No. 6D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 180
MA3A
![Page 77: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Sensor No. 7D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 180
MA3A
![Page 78: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Sensor No. 18D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-2
-4
-6
-8
0
2
4
6
8
0 180
MA3A
![Page 79: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Sensor No. 19D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
0
1
2
3
4
0 180
MA3A
![Page 80: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
-10 -5 0 5 10Displacement (in.)
Sto
ry
MA
3A
![Page 81: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6Displacement (in.)
Sto
ry
MA
3A
![Page 82: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
3A
![Page 83: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
-3
2
7
12
17
22
27
32
37
42
47
52
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
3A
![Page 84: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Approximation #1:Rigid Foundation Structural Elements
Spring ends constrained to the ground motion history Foundation walls modeled as
rigid
Spring ends constrained to the ground motion history Foundation walls modeled as
rigid
INPUT MOTIONS same as MA
![Page 85: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 1
(sec)
1 6.06 6.04
2 5.18 5.16
3 2.76 2.75
4 1.92 1.91
5 1.81 1.81
![Page 86: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 6D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 180
MA1
![Page 87: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 7D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
0 180
MA1
![Page 88: IMPACT OF FOUNDATION MODELING ON THE ACCURACY OF RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS OF A TALL BUILDING Part II - Implementation F. Naeim, S. Tileylioglu, A. Alimoradi.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032722/56649f4e5503460f94c703d5/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 18D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-2
-4
-6
-8
0
2
4
6
8
0 180
MA1
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[CSMIP-ID = 24629] - 1994 Northridge Earthquake - Sensor No. 19D
isp
lace
me
nt (i
n)
Time (sec)
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
0
1
2
3
4
0 180
MA1
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Approximation #2a:No kinematic base rocking
Foundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strengthFoundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strength
INPUT MOTIONS: same as MA except no vertical motion
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Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 2A
(sec)
1 6.06 6.06
2 5.18 5.18
3 2.76 2.76
4 1.92 1.92
5 1.81 1.81
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-327
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-10 -5 0 5 10
Displacement (in.)
Stor
y
MA2A
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-327
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-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Displacement (in.)
Stor
y
MA2A
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-327
1217
22273237424752
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035
Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
2A
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-327
1217
22273237424752
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003
Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
2A
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Approximation #2b:No kinematic loading from relative soil displacements adjacent to basement walls
INPUT MOTIONS: MA with modification
All horizontal springMotions set equal to the ones at the base
Foundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strength
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Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 2B
(sec)
1 6.06 6.06
2 5.18 5.18
3 2.76 2.76
4 1.92 1.92
5 1.81 1.81
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-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
Displacement (in.)
Stor
y
MA2B
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Displacement (in.)
Stor
y
MA
2B
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0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035
Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
2B
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0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003
Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
2B
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Approximation #2c No kinematic interaction effects on the base motion
Spring ends constrained to the ground motion history
Foundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strength
equivalent free-field horizontal motion
Spring ends constrained to the ground motion history
Foundation walls modeled with the actual stiffness and strength
equivalent free-field horizontal motion
INPUT MOTIONS: Free-field horizontal motions.Taken as ug(z=0) at all levels. No vertical input.
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Ritz Period Comparison
Mode No. MA Model
(sec)
App. 2C
(sec)
1 6.06 6.06
2 5.18 5.18
3 2.76 2.76
4 1.92 1.92
5 1.81 1.81
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Displacement (in.)
Stor
y
MA2C
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-6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
Displacement (in.)
Stor
y
MA
2C
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0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003 0.0035
Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
2C
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1217
22273237424752
0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 0.0025 0.003
Story Drift Ratio
Sto
ry
MA
2C
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Conclusions
• Soil-structure interaction can affect the response of buildings with subterranean levels
• While procedures are available to account for these effects, they are seldom utilized in engineering practice
• With reasonable tuning of superstructure damping, the MA model accurately reproduces the observed response to the 1994 Northridge earthquake.
• There are hurdles to the implementation of SSI in building design. – Multiple support excitations– Lack of direct integration (ETABS)– Acceleration spikes (ETABS)
• We anticipate these hurdles to go away real soon
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Conclusions (continued)
• Factors found to generally have a modest effect on building response above ground level:– compliance of structural foundation
elements– kinematic interaction effects (on translation
or rocking)– depth-variable ground motions applied to
the ends of horizontal soil springs/dashpots.
• However, these factors did generally affect below-ground response as measured by interstory drift
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Conclusions (continued)
• Properly accounting for foundation/soil deformations does not significantly affect vibration periods for this tall building (which is expected),
• It does impact significantly the distribution of inter-story drifts over the height of the structure.
• To our knowledge, the latter observation is new to this study.
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Conclusions (continued)
• Two approximations commonly used in practice are shown to provide poor results: 1. fixing the structure at ground line with
input consisting of free-field translation and
2. fixing the structure at the base level, applying free-field motions as input at the base level, and using horizontal foundation springs along basement walls with their end condition fixed to the free-field ground motion.
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Thank you!