Impact of exogenous ascorbic acid on the growth of green onions … · Green onions (Allium cepa...
Transcript of Impact of exogenous ascorbic acid on the growth of green onions … · Green onions (Allium cepa...
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L-ascorbic acid (AsA) known as vitamin C, which is an important
antioxidant in both plants and animals (Akram et al., 2017). AsA has
different roles in the plant such as regulating cell division and
expansion, plant growth and development, and improving plant
tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses (Kka, 2017). Under stress
conditions, excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulate in plants,
causing significant damage to plants and obstructing natural
physiological activities in plants (Zhao et al., 2018). However, it was
found that the subcellular level and exogenous application of ascorbate
partially functions as a defence mechanism in the plant (Figure 1)
Introduction
Objective
Results
Soaking onion sets into AsA for 24 h prior planting influenced on the growth of green onion
remarkably. Root intensity was higher in the plants treated with 2.5 mM AsA (Figure 5 a). The 2.5
mM AsA treatment statistically increased the root weight per plant (Figure 5 b). In the similar way,
root length, plant height and bulb diameter increased by 2.5 mM AsA treatment but no statistical
differences was found when compared to the control (Figure 5 c, d and e). Onion sets treated with
5mM AsA was adversely affected on the growth of green onions (Figure 5).
Conclusion
Figure 4. Temperature and rainfall amount during growing season (November 2018 to March 2019) in Erbil. (A) Maximum, Minimum
and average temperature (°C). (B) Average rainfall amount and rainy days.
The experiment was conducted at the Grdarash research
center; College of Agriculture. The land was tilled and
divided into 12 experimental units (1×1) m2 (Figure 2).
Uniform onion (local white cultivar) sets were soaked in AsA
solutions (0, 2.5 and 5 mM) for 24 hours at 4°C (Figure 3).
The sets were planted at 5cm depth and 15 cm apart. The
experiment was conducted during the rainy and cold season
(November 2018 – March 2019) (Figure 4). No agricultural
practices were applied during the growing season.
The fresh weight of roots, root length, plant height and the
bulb diameter were measured manually and collected at the
end of the experiment (April 5, 2019).
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Salahaddin University, Erbil
Balkies Shekho, Noura Kka
Impact of exogenous ascorbic acid on the growth of green onions under changed climate
Figure 1: Summary of the ROS
cycle that operates in plants during
biotic and abiotic stresses.
The research was conducted to understand how AsA improves plant defense mechanisms against
environmental stresses.
Materials and methods
Green onions (Allium cepa L.) are gaining popularity in the Iraq market because of their mild flavor.
This type of onion, also known as salad onions, spring onions, or green bunch onions, is harvested in
the immature stage before the bulb has fully developed.
The optimal temperature for growing onions is between 20° to 25°C. Green onions are shallow-rooted
and grow in a wide range of soil types. Green onion development requires frequent and uniform
irrigation. The amount and frequency of irrigation depends on the soil type, weather conditions, and
development stage of the crop.
This research provides a basic understanding of the critical role that AsA plays in plant growth and
development. The experimental data presented in this research suggests that AsA is certainly
important for improving plant tolerance to biotic stresses. The 2.5 mM AsA was found to be more
effective in increasing the root intensity and weight of the green onions subjected to changing the
climate.
References Akram, N. A., Shafiq, F., & Ashraf, M. (2017). Ascorbic acid-a potential oxidant scavenger and its
role in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. Frontiers in plant science, 8, 613.
Kka, N. M. E. (2017). Plant ascorbate influence on cell division, growth and seed production of
Arabidopsis thaliana. PhD dissertation. Deakin University.
Wang, Y., Zhao, H., Qin, H., Li, Z., Liu, H., Wang, J., & Zhang, Z. (2018). The Synthesis of Ascorbic
Acid in Rice Roots Plays an Important Role in the Salt Tolerance of Rice by Scavenging
ROS. International journal of molecular sciences, 19 (11), 3347.
Figure 5. The influence of exogenous application of AsA on green onions growth and development. (A) Representative picture of green
onions exposed to different concentrations of AsA. (B) Root weight (mg) per plant of green onions. (C) Root length (cm) per plant. (D)
Plant length (cm ) per plant. (E) Bulb diameter (cm) per plant.
Experimental design and statistical analysis
Randomize complete block design was followed with four replicates. Data were analyzed using SPSS
software. Duncan test was used to compare the treatments means at a level of significant 0.05.
Figure 2. Layout of the field experiment.
Figure 3. Soaked onion sets in AsA solutions.