Impact of dams roumenova yanev_yaramov_10_4
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Transcript of Impact of dams roumenova yanev_yaramov_10_4
By Violeta Roumenova,By Violeta Roumenova,Daniel Yanev, &Daniel Yanev, &
Emil YaramovEmil Yaramov10/410/4
Environmental ImpactEnvironmental Impact The turbines slow the water which then
contains very little sediment which can lead to destruction of riverbanks (7.)
Lack of fish ladder blocks natural migration paths of fish-may
Might produce very high amounts of greenhouse gases (4.)
Contribute to earthquakes (3.)
The Turbines Slow the The Turbines Slow the WaterWater Fast water flowing from the river holds
sediments When it goes to the dam the water
becomes very slow which leads to sedimentation (7.)
This increases the erosion down the river which can lead to destruction of river banks
This can be controlled by dredging and protecting the natural vegetation cover (7.)
Lack of Fish Ladder Lack of Fish Ladder BlocksBlocks Lack of fish ladder blocks natural migration
paths of fish May lead to destruction of an entire ecosphere This can be fixed by regulating the downstream
flow and clearing natural vegetation (7.)
http://www.rideforclimate.com/usa/blog/?page_id=61&g2_itemId=1073
High Amounts of High Amounts of Greenhouse GasesGreenhouse Gases
The vegetation flooded by the reservoir rots producing methane as they decay
When methane rises most of it oxidizes to form carbon dioxide (4.)
95% of the methane produced is emitted at spillways, turbines and downstream
Have higher global warming impact than fossil fuel plants (4.)
http://ngadventure.typepad.com/blog/2008/08/the-adventure-6.html
Contribution to Contribution to EarthquakesEarthquakes Two theories The mass of the water alters the stress
points on the bedrock causing it to move (adjust) (3.)
Increases the groundwater pressure causing stress on the bedrock
Causes micro-seismic activity (<4.0 Hoover dam) (3.)
Dam PressureDam Pressure
http://www.coffsharbour.nsw.gov.au/www/html/508-karangi-dam.asp
BenefitsBenefits Hydro power plants located at the lowest
point of the dam wall Produce electricity without using non-
renewable resources (7.) Low amount of environmental harm
compared to other types of power plants Provide drinking water Store water for dry periods (7.)
Nile River: Aswan High Nile River: Aswan High DamDamLocation:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lake_Nasser_location.png
The Aswan High DamThe Aswan High Dam
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Aswan_dam.jpg
Aswan High Dam: Problem Aswan High Dam: Problem and Impactsand Impacts
• Cause of problem: poor drainage => saturation and increase in salinity (5.)
• Impact:– Economic: more than 1⁄ 2 of Egypt's farmland soil
has worsened=>less crops produced (trade also affected)
– Human health: number of individuals affected by the parasitic disease schistosomiasis (associated with stagnant water) has increased
– Ecological: soil of farmlands becomes useless; salinity and poor drainage destroy soil (5.)
Aswan High Dam: Aswan High Dam: Problem SolutionProblem Solution• Possible solutions:
– Installation of wells to lower water table– Replacement of foundation stones with other
materials– Injection of a chemical sealant between the
structures and the soil in order to create a barrier (1.)
• This may be very expensive to accomplish• In addition, the construction of each of the
above may cause harm to the surroundings (1.)
Sacramento Delta: Sacramento Delta: Shasta DamShasta DamLocation:
http://www.sellingredding.com/bloggingredding/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/redding_ca.gif
The Shasta DamThe Shasta Dam
http://cee.engr.ucdavis.edu/faculty/lund/dams/Shasta/ShastaDam.html
The Shasta Dam: Major The Shasta Dam: Major ProblemProblem Raising of dam => flooding of nearby
canyons => endangering surroundings (wildlife, forests, etc.) = interference with other ecosystems (even destruction of ecosystems) (2.)
Money costs may also result (6.)
Works CitedWorks Cited1."Aswan High Dam." People and Place. 13 Apr. 2007. 8 Jun. 2010.
<http://www.outreachworld.org/Files/u_texas/aswan_high_dam.pdf>.2.Dawson, Elizabeth . "Shasta Dam." Shasta Dam. 5 Dec. 1994. 8 Jun. 2010.
<http://cee.engr.ucdavis.edu/faculty/lund/dams/Shasta/ShastaDam.html#Photographs>.
3."Do Dams Cause Earth Quakes ? ". Yahoo!Answers. 15 Jun. 2010. <http://in.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080830010806AALXvOL>.
4.McCully, Patrick. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Dams FAQ". International Rivers. 06/15/2010 <http://www.internationalrivers.org/node/1398>.
5.Rosenberg, Matt . "Nile River: Aswan High Dam Controls The Nile River." About.com: Geography. 27 Jul. 2009. 8 Jun. 2010. <http://geography.about.com/od/ specificplacesofinterest/a/nile.htm>.
6."Shasta Dam." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia . 29 May. 2010. 15 Jun. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shasta_Dam#Arguments_against>.
7."SwissDams". International Commision on Large Dams. June 15, 2010. <http://www.swissdams.ch/Committee/Dossiers/BandC/Benefits_of_and_Concerns_about_Dams.pdf>.