Immunization Immunization Protects EveryoneProtects Everyone

National Immunization WeekNational Immunization Week

April 23 to 30, 2011April 23 to 30, 2011

Immunize.caImmunize.ca

Now what?Now what?

National WinnerNational Winner

Runner upRunner up

Nova Scotia WinnerNova Scotia Winner

National Immunization National Immunization StrategyStrategy

Reductions in vaccine-preventable Reductions in vaccine-preventable diseasesdiseases

Improved vaccine coverage ratesImproved vaccine coverage rates Objective measurement of progress Objective measurement of progress

program evaluationprogram evaluation

““The very success of The very success of immunization programs immunization programs has proven to be one of has proven to be one of

their weaknesses”their weaknesses”

Evidence Sufficient to Strongly Evidence Sufficient to Strongly RecommendRecommend

Client reminder/recall systemsClient reminder/recall systems Requirement for enrollment Requirement for enrollment Expanding clinic hoursExpanding clinic hours Using emergency departmentsUsing emergency departments Offering drop-in vaccination servicesOffering drop-in vaccination services Home-visiting servicesHome-visiting services Use of electronic recordsUse of electronic records Vaccination settings closer to clients’ Vaccination settings closer to clients’

homehome Immunizers are fully immunizedImmunizers are fully immunized

Insufficient Evidence to Insufficient Evidence to RecommendRecommend

Community educationCommunity education Patient incentivesPatient incentives Patient-held recordsPatient-held records Provider educationProvider education Using standing ordersUsing standing orders

AdolescentsAdolescents

Concrete thinkers (ages 9-12)Concrete thinkers (ages 9-12)

Abstract thinkers (ages 14-16)Abstract thinkers (ages 14-16)

Adult….(ages 16-19)Adult….(ages 16-19)

Community OwnedCommunity OwnedImmunization Immunization

programprogram““The program helped me get my The program helped me get my

child immunized because she kept child immunized because she kept getting on me about keeping my getting on me about keeping my

appointments”appointments”

Why evaluate?Why evaluate?

Determine achievement of objectivesDetermine achievement of objectives Improve program implementationImprove program implementation AccountabilityAccountability Community support for initiativesCommunity support for initiatives Contribute to scientific base for Contribute to scientific base for

interventionsinterventions Inform policy decisionsInform policy decisions

ReferencesReferences Advisory Committee on Population Health and Health Security. 2003. Advisory Committee on Population Health and Health Security. 2003.

National Immunization Strategy.National Immunization Strategy. Boom, J., Nelson, C., Kohrt, A., & Kozinetz, C. 2010. Utilizing peer academic Boom, J., Nelson, C., Kohrt, A., & Kozinetz, C. 2010. Utilizing peer academic

detailing to improve childhood immunization coverage levels. Health detailing to improve childhood immunization coverage levels. Health Promotion Practice. 11(3) 377-386.Promotion Practice. 11(3) 377-386.

Capwell, E., Butterfoss, F., & Francisco, V. 2000. Why evaluate? Health Capwell, E., Butterfoss, F., & Francisco, V. 2000. Why evaluate? Health Promotion Practice. 1(1), 15-20.Promotion Practice. 1(1), 15-20.

Findley, S., Irigoyen, M., Sanchez, M., Guzman, L., Mejia, M., Sajous, M., Findley, S., Irigoyen, M., Sanchez, M., Guzman, L., Mejia, M., Sajous, M., Levine, D., Chen, S., & Chimkin, F. 2006. Community-based strategies to Levine, D., Chen, S., & Chimkin, F. 2006. Community-based strategies to reduce childhood immunization disparities. Health Promotion Practice. 7(3), reduce childhood immunization disparities. Health Promotion Practice. 7(3), 191-200.191-200.

Findley, S., Irigoyen, M., Sanchez, M., Guzman, L., Mejia, M., Sajous, M., Findley, S., Irigoyen, M., Sanchez, M., Guzman, L., Mejia, M., Sajous, M., Levine, D., Chen, S., & Chimkin, F. 2009. REACH 2010: New York City. Health Levine, D., Chen, S., & Chimkin, F. 2009. REACH 2010: New York City. Health Promotion Practice. 10(2), 128-137.Promotion Practice. 10(2), 128-137.

IWK Grace Health Center. 2011. Increasing Immunization Coverage. IWK Grace Health Center. 2011. Increasing Immunization Coverage. Pediatrics. 125, 1295-1304.Pediatrics. 125, 1295-1304.

Kaplan, D. (2009). Barriers and potential solutions to increasing Kaplan, D. (2009). Barriers and potential solutions to increasing immunization rates in adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health.46, 24-33.immunization rates in adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health.46, 24-33.

Saville, A., Albright, K., Nowels, C., Barnard, J., Daley. M., Stokley, S., Irby, K., Saville, A., Albright, K., Nowels, C., Barnard, J., Daley. M., Stokley, S., Irby, K., & Kempe, A. 2011. Getting under the hood: Exploring issues that affect & Kempe, A. 2011. Getting under the hood: Exploring issues that affect provider-based recall using an immunization information system. 11(1), 44-provider-based recall using an immunization information system. 11(1), 44-49.49.