Immune System Review Book

Fold a blank piece of paper into 8 rectangles, then cut them apart. Staple the pages together to make a booklet.

staplesImmune System Review Book

The purpose of the book is to give you an overview/summary of the Immune system. Use it to help you study!

Immune System Review Book

By: _________________

Cover of book:

Inside cover (first pages)

The Three Lines of Defense:1. Surface Barriers2. Nonspecific Response3. Specific Response

1. Surface Barriers

Skin

Tears

Mucous Membranes

Saliva

Cough &Sneeze

Friendly Bacteria

Low pH Urine

Diarrhea

Left side right side

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2. Non-specific ResponseComplement Proteins: Can interact with carb

molecules on the surfaces of microorganisms

Cascade LysisReactions to make protein “membrane attack complexes”

Attack complexes insert into cell membrane and lyse microorganism (death)

Next Pages (I’m sorry I forgot these in class Wednesday! You can add them to the end of your

booklet if it is too hard to insert them)

2. Inflammatory Response— also non-specifica. Bacteria invade

b. Tissue irritation causes mast cells to release histamine (shown here as red dots) c. Capillary walls

become leaky. Fluid and complement proteins leak out. Swelling.

d. Complement proteins attack bacteria

e. Phagocytes engulf invaders

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3. Specific ResponseAntigen triggers formation of lymphocyte armies. T and B lymphocytes will

specifically recognize FOREIGN antigens.

T and B will divide repeatedly into effector and memory cells.

Our own cells recognize each other. Cells have

MHC markers designating “self.”

antigen on surfaceof bacterial cell

antigen on surfaceof virus

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3. “T” Cell Mediated Response

a. Macrophages ingest virus particles. Virus antigens are not digested, ANTIGEN IS DISPLAYED IN MHC COMPLEX

Antigen-MHC Complex

b. T cell Receptor of Helper T cells recognize the specific MHC-antigen complex. Binding stimulates the macrophage to secrete interleukins.

c. Helper T releases interleukin 2.

d. Interleukin 2 stimulates cell division of effector cytotoxic T armies

Effector cytotoxic T:

What does cytotoxic T do?

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3. Antibody-mediated response (B cells)

Antibody:

Effector Cytotoxic T cells find body cells infected with the virus (virus antigen presented in antigen-MHC complex). They “touch kill” cells with perforins.

touch-killed body cell

effectorcytotoxicT cell

antigen-MHCcomplex oninfectedbody cell

antigen-binding sites

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B cell armies are made

Effector B cells

Make/secrete many antibodies

Memory B cells are made, too

3. Antibody-mediated response

B cell encounters unbound Antigen from bacteria. Receptors bind antigen. Antigen is

displayed in MHC.

Helper T binds to antigen-MHC. Interleukins are released. Interleukins trigger cell division: B cell armies are made.