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Transcript of IMGW – Poland Presentation U.S. Approach to Integrated Water Resources and Flood Emergency...
IMGW – Poland Presentation
IMGW – Poland Presentation
U.S. Approach to Integrated Water Resources and Flood Emergency
Management
March,2003
U.S. Approach to Integrated Water Resources and Flood Emergency
Management
March,2003
Integrated Water Management/ Flood Mitigation
Process
Integrated Water Management/ Flood Mitigation
Process
Water Management is a Critical Chain of Events
GISTools
Data
Sense Water Supply
Communication ForecastDecisionSupport
Notify Coordinate Actions
Get Data WhereNeeded
Future WaterAvailability
Decisions Appropriate Individuals
Water Mgmt. & Flood Control Decisions
• Produce Weather, Water and Climate Forecasts and Warnings
– For All Americans– To Protect Life and Property– To Enhance the National Economy
• Data and Products:– Government Agencies– Private Sector– The Public– Global Communities
• Weather and data are becoming more important to economy and business decisions
– “The annual cost of electricity could decrease by at least $1 billion if the accuracy of weather forecasts improved 1 degree Fahrenheit.” USA Today, 6/19/01
• Produce Weather, Water and Climate Forecasts and Warnings
– For All Americans– To Protect Life and Property– To Enhance the National Economy
• Data and Products:– Government Agencies– Private Sector– The Public– Global Communities
• Weather and data are becoming more important to economy and business decisions
– “The annual cost of electricity could decrease by at least $1 billion if the accuracy of weather forecasts improved 1 degree Fahrenheit.” USA Today, 6/19/01
What We DoWhat We Do
Who We AreWho We Are
• Citizen Centric
– 92% of Operations Budget is Field (Labor, Telecomms, Power, Rent, etc.)
– 88% of all Labor is in Field
• We Are Scientific
– 2/3 Scientists
• Citizen Centric
– 92% of Operations Budget is Field (Labor, Telecomms, Power, Rent, etc.)
– 88% of all Labor is in Field
• We Are Scientific
– 2/3 Scientists
Who We AreWho We Are
HQsHQs
FieldField
NationalNationalReconditioningReconditioning
CenterCenter
NationalNationalReconditioningReconditioning
CenterCenter
Field SystemsField SystemsOperationsOperations
CenterCenter
Field SystemsField SystemsOperationsOperations
CenterCenter
RadarRadarOperationsOperations
CenterCenter
RadarRadarOperationsOperations
CenterCenter
TelecommunicationsTelecommunicationsOperationsOperations
CenterCenter
TelecommunicationsTelecommunicationsOperationsOperations
CenterCenter
Office of theOffice of theChief InformationChief Information
OfficerOfficer
Office of theOffice of theChief InformationChief Information
OfficerOfficer
Office of Office of Climate, Water, &Climate, Water, &Weather ServicesWeather Services
Office of Office of Climate, Water, &Climate, Water, &Weather ServicesWeather Services
Office of Office of Operational Operational
SystemsSystems
Office of Office of Operational Operational
SystemsSystems
Office of Office of Science &Science &
TechnologyTechnology
Office of Office of Science &Science &
TechnologyTechnology
Office of Office of HydrologicHydrologic
DevelopmentDevelopment
Office of Office of HydrologicHydrologic
DevelopmentDevelopment
NWSNWSTrainingTrainingCenterCenter
NWSNWSTrainingTrainingCenterCenter
MeteorologicalMeteorologicalDevelopmentDevelopment
LaboratoryLaboratory
MeteorologicalMeteorologicalDevelopmentDevelopment
LaboratoryLaboratory
SystemsSystemsEngineeringEngineering
CenterCenter
SystemsSystemsEngineeringEngineering
CenterCenter
HydrologyHydrologyLaboratoryLaboratoryHydrologyHydrologyLaboratoryLaboratory
Office of theOffice of theChief FinancialChief Financial
OfficerOfficer
Office of theOffice of theChief FinancialChief Financial
OfficerOfficer
NationalNationalData Buoy Data Buoy
CenterCenter
NationalNationalData Buoy Data Buoy
CenterCenter
Storm Storm Prediction Prediction
CenterCenter
Storm Storm Prediction Prediction
CenterCenter
Climate Climate Prediction Prediction
CenterCenter
Climate Climate Prediction Prediction
CenterCenter
Marine Marine Prediction Prediction
CenterCenter
Marine Marine Prediction Prediction
CenterCenter
Space Space EnvironmentEnvironment
CenterCenter
Space Space EnvironmentEnvironment
CenterCenter
Environmental Environmental Modeling Modeling
CenterCenter
Environmental Environmental Modeling Modeling
CenterCenter
Hydro-Hydro-meteorological meteorological
Prediction Prediction CenterCenter
Hydro-Hydro-meteorological meteorological
Prediction Prediction CenterCenter
Tropical Tropical Prediction Prediction
Center Center (National (National
Hurricane Center)Hurricane Center)
Tropical Tropical Prediction Prediction
Center Center (National (National
Hurricane Center)Hurricane Center)
Aviation Aviation Weather Weather CenterCenter
Aviation Aviation Weather Weather CenterCenter
Central Central OperationsOperationsCentral Central
OperationsOperations
EasternEasternRegionRegionEasternEasternRegionRegion
CentralCentralRegionRegionCentralCentralRegionRegion
SouthernSouthernRegionRegion
SouthernSouthernRegionRegion
WesternWesternRegionRegion
WesternWesternRegionRegion
AlaskaAlaskaRegionRegionAlaskaAlaskaRegionRegion
PacificPacificRegionRegionPacificPacificRegionRegion
23 WFO’s23 WFO’s23 WFO’s23 WFO’s
3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s
38 WFO’s38 WFO’s38 WFO’s38 WFO’s
2 RFC’s2 RFC’s2 RFC’s2 RFC’s
31 WFO’s31 WFO’s31 WFO’s31 WFO’s
4 RFC’s4 RFC’s4 RFC’s4 RFC’s
24 WFO’s24 WFO’s24 WFO’s24 WFO’s
3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s3 RFC’s
3 WFO’s3 WFO’s3 WFO’s3 WFO’s
1 RFC’s1 RFC’s1 RFC’s1 RFC’s
2 WFO’s2 WFO’s2 WFO’s2 WFO’s
National Centers for National Centers for Environmental Prediction Environmental Prediction
National Centers for National Centers for Environmental Prediction Environmental Prediction
Office of theOffice of theAssistant AdministratorAssistant AdministratorFor Weather ServicesFor Weather Services
Office of theOffice of theAssistant AdministratorAssistant AdministratorFor Weather ServicesFor Weather Services
NWS Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs)
NWS River Forecast Centers (RFCs)NWS River Forecast Centers (RFCs)
Weather Warning PartnershipWeather Warning Partnership
NewsMediaandPrivateSectorMeteorol-ogists
THEPUBLIC
NationalWeatherService
EmergencyManagement
Flow of Hydrologic Products and Guidance
Flow of Hydrologic Products and Guidance
River Forecast Center
Hydrologic Forecasters
Integrated, observed, and forecast data for RFC basins
Data assimilation, integration, and Analysis
Weather Forecast Office
Service Hydrologists
Precipitation Analysis
Local QPF and QTF, general precipitation forecasts
Flash flood watches, river flood warnings
National Center for Environmental Prediction
Quantitative guidance forecasts – QPF, QTF
Large scale computer weather forecasts
County and Subcounty Level Info.
River and weather forecasts and warnings, flash flood warnings, FFG
Hydrologic UsersFeedback
Radar, Stream Gages, Rain Gages
To/from NCEP To/from RFC
International ActivitiesTechnology Transfer
International ActivitiesTechnology Transfer
• Provide technical assistance to International lending Institutions
• Distribute NWS technology to national/ international users
• Establish projects to implement Meteorological and Hydrological Forecast Systems with countries
• Provide technical assistance to International lending Institutions
• Distribute NWS technology to national/ international users
• Establish projects to implement Meteorological and Hydrological Forecast Systems with countries
International Experience International Experience
Past
• China 1994-1995
• Panama 1996-1998
• Nile River Basin 1992-2000
• Central A. (MITCH) 1999-2001
• Asia-Aral Sea 1999-2002
Past
• China 1994-1995
• Panama 1996-1998
• Nile River Basin 1992-2000
• Central A. (MITCH) 1999-2001
• Asia-Aral Sea 1999-2002
Current
• Mexico 1996-2003
• Central America (CAMI) 2000-2003
• South Africa 1997-Present
• Czech Republic 1998-Present
• Poland 2002-2004
• Romania 2003 ?
• Mekong/Hindu Kush 2003-2005
• India 2003 ?
• Russia 2003 ?
• Iraq ?
Current
• Mexico 1996-2003
• Central America (CAMI) 2000-2003
• South Africa 1997-Present
• Czech Republic 1998-Present
• Poland 2002-2004
• Romania 2003 ?
• Mekong/Hindu Kush 2003-2005
• India 2003 ?
• Russia 2003 ?
• Iraq ?
Who We AreWho We Are
• Issues all Local Forecasts & Warnings
• Builds and Maintains Relationships With Local and State Governments
• Provides Expert Advice to Emergency Operations Centers
• Solicits Customer Feedback on Products and Services
• Conducts Community Awareness and Education Programs
• Trains Volunteer Observers and Storm Spotters
• Issues all Local Forecasts & Warnings
• Builds and Maintains Relationships With Local and State Governments
• Provides Expert Advice to Emergency Operations Centers
• Solicits Customer Feedback on Products and Services
• Conducts Community Awareness and Education Programs
• Trains Volunteer Observers and Storm Spotters
Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Team: Community Weather Experts
Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Team: Community Weather Experts
Respond & Feedback
Respond & Feedback
How We Do ItHow We Do It
IBM SP at Bowie Computer Center in Bowie, MD
FeedbackFeedback
DistributeDistribute
LocalOfficesLocal
OfficesCentral
GuidanceCentral
GuidanceProcessProcess
ObserveObserve
Products & Services
CooperatorsCooperators
FLOOD RESPONSE USERS
FEMA
State Emergency Management
County Emergency Management
City Emergency Management
MEDIA
Transportation
Red Cross
NWS
FLOOD
FORECASTS
FLOODMITIGATION
ACTIONS
U.S. Flood Forecast And Response Structure
How We Do It How We Do It
• Users
– Public
– Emergency Management
– Private Sector
– Government Agencies
– Academia
• Users
– Public
– Emergency Management
– Private Sector
– Government Agencies
– Academia
• Methods
– NOAA Weather Radio
– NOAAPORT
– Weather Wire
– Internet
– Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN)
• Methods
– NOAA Weather Radio
– NOAAPORT
– Weather Wire
– Internet
– Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN)
National Weather Service Hydrometeorological Data Sources
National Weather Service Hydrometeorological Data Sources
• Cooperative observers via ROSA
• Data Collection Platforms via GOES
• GOES images
• Cooperative federal water agencies
• Synoptic surface observation network (ASOS)
• Automated flood warning systems
• Limited area remote collector (precipitation, stage)
• Satellite rainfall estimates
• NEXRAD radar derived rainfall estimates
• SNOTEL - high elevation snow measurement
• Airborne Gamma Radiation Snow Survey
• Cooperative observers via ROSA
• Data Collection Platforms via GOES
• GOES images
• Cooperative federal water agencies
• Synoptic surface observation network (ASOS)
• Automated flood warning systems
• Limited area remote collector (precipitation, stage)
• Satellite rainfall estimates
• NEXRAD radar derived rainfall estimates
• SNOTEL - high elevation snow measurement
• Airborne Gamma Radiation Snow Survey
Data Collection Platform (DCP) Data Collection Platform (DCP)
Radar and Satellite Precipitation Estimation
Radar and Satellite Precipitation Estimation
2000 m AGL
Coverage Of The WSR-88D Network Over The US
Source: Maddox, et. al. Weather and Forecasting, 2002.
1000 m AGL3000 m AGL
Rainfall Estimates - Multi-sources of DataRainfall Estimates - Multi-sources of Data
NASATRMM
TMIPRVIRS
GOESIRVISSOUNDING
NASAEOSMODIS IR+VISASTERCERES
Precipitable Water
Wind Speed+ Direction
Radar GaugeSurface TemperatureSoil MoistureVegetation
Topography(Elevation + Slope)
Watch/Warning Decision Assistance
Surface Obs,
NCEP
Guidance
Local
data
WSR-88D
RadarSatellite data
Flash Flood Guidance Data
Data from
New Observing Systems
LDAD
Database
SCAN/FFMP
AWIPSD2D
Flash Flood and Severe Local Storm Warnings
1,3,6 Hours
DPA,DHRData Environment
Predicting Flash Floods Using Radar and SatellitePredicting Flash Floods Using Radar and Satellite
• Use GIS Data To Define Models & Streams
• Merge Satellite and Radar Precipitation Estimates
• Use Distributed Hydrologic models
• Link QPF To Small Scale Models
• Use GIS Data To Define Models & Streams
• Merge Satellite and Radar Precipitation Estimates
• Use Distributed Hydrologic models
• Link QPF To Small Scale Models
End-to-End Forecast ProcessEnd-to-End Forecast ProcessIntegrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Data Communication
Forecast
DecisionSupport
Notify
CoordinateActions
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program Establish Meteorological And Hydrological Observing Network
Real Time Data Acquisition, Communication, DBMS
Remote Sensing Necessary Because Of Real Time Data Limitations
Develop Meteorological Forecast Capability-qpf
Develop forecasting using existing technical resources
Implement mesoscale NWP model
Establish Meteorological And Hydrological Observing Network
Real Time Data Acquisition, Communication, DBMS
Remote Sensing Necessary Because Of Real Time Data Limitations
Develop Meteorological Forecast Capability-qpf
Develop forecasting using existing technical resources
Implement mesoscale NWP model
Implement Hydrologic Modeling System
Acquire historical hydrometeorological data
Acquire GIS/Link to modeling system for calibration
Multi-hydrologic model capability is requirement
(snowmelt,rainfall-runoff,channel routing,hydrodynamic routing)
Modeling system must be flexible to data availability
Implement Hydrologic Modeling System
Acquire historical hydrometeorological data
Acquire GIS/Link to modeling system for calibration
Multi-hydrologic model capability is requirement
(snowmelt,rainfall-runoff,channel routing,hydrodynamic routing)
Modeling system must be flexible to data availability
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Couple Meteorological Model To Hydrologic Modeling System
Link Hydrologic Forecast System To Decision Support System
Forecasts linked with Response System
Forecasts linked to water resources users
Couple Meteorological Model To Hydrologic Modeling System
Link Hydrologic Forecast System To Decision Support System
Forecasts linked with Response System
Forecasts linked to water resources users
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Forecasts Tailored to Users
Use visualization products to communicate impact
Disseminate Forecasts & Data to Users
Use mass media
RANET
Apply Operations Concept
Develop Capacity and Sustainability
Forecasts Tailored to Users
Use visualization products to communicate impact
Disseminate Forecasts & Data to Users
Use mass media
RANET
Apply Operations Concept
Develop Capacity and Sustainability
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Establishing an Integrated Water Management and Flood Mitigation
Program
Thank you!