Imagine that you are observing an interaction between a mother and her son at a grocery store. The mother and child walk past an aisle full of candy. Upon seeing the candy, the child throws a tantrum and begins to scream 'I want candy!' The mother seems unfazed by her child's behavior and continues to grab items off a nearby shelf. After a few seconds, the tantrum stops. The child walks up to his mother and asks calmly if he may have a candy bar. The mother tells her son, 'Thank you for asking politely. You did a good job. Now you can have a candy bar.' The interaction between the mother and child is an example of differential reinforcement.