I’m Positive! Energy Distance Apart (between nuclei) A metal ionA metal atom I.E. E.A. A nonmetal...
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Transcript of I’m Positive! Energy Distance Apart (between nuclei) A metal ionA metal atom I.E. E.A. A nonmetal...
I’m Positive!
Ene
rgy
Distance Apart (between nuclei)
A metal ionA metal atom
I.E.
E.A.
A nonmetal atom
A nonmetal ionI’m Negative
I said I’m Positive!!
Yes, I’m positive I’m negative
Your jokes are stupid!
Ions as packed spheres.
I’m Positive!
Ene
rgy
Distance Apart (between nuclei)
A metal ion
I.E.
E.A.
A nonmetal ion
I’m Negative
When a metal and a nonmetal atom are around each other there is the opportunity for….
…the transfer of electrons producing ions that would like to cling to each other.
The simplest ratio of the packed ions is called:
The Formula Unit
The formation of a bond between two nonmetal atoms.
Atoms sufficiently far apart to have no interaction
Ene
rgy
Distance Apart (between nuclei)
Bond Energy
Bond Length
Low
est
ener
gy
situ
atio
n
“molecule” of acetic acid… space filling model
“molecule” of acetic acid… ball and stick model
Ene
rgy
Distance Apart (between nuclei)
Bond Energy
Bond Length
When a nonmetal and another nonmetal atom are around each other there is the opportunity for….
…the sharing of electrons producing molecules in which the atoms like to cling to each other.
Probability representation of the electron sharing in HF.
Expected H—F bond nrg = ½(H—H bond nrg + F—F bond nrg)
= (H—F)act - (H—F)exp
Fluorine was found to produce the compound with the largest value. (i.e. fluorine has the greatest ability to polarize bonds!)
Electronegativity: the ability of an atom to attract shared pairs of electrons to itself in a molecule
Electronegativity values for selected elements.
Table 12.1
The three possible types of bonds.
Pure Covalent
Polar Covalent
Ionic