Ilya Baraev - Bluetooth
Transcript of Ilya Baraev - Bluetooth
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1 2005 Nokia Bluetooth.ppt / 2005-07-22 / IB
Bluetooth Wireless Technology and PAN
Ilya Baraev
Research EngineerNokia Corp.
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Learn
Basics of Bluetooth Wireless technology
About possibilities of Bluetooth and areas of application
Practical knowledge about Bluetooth networking
Developer opportunities for Bluetooth wireless technology
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Agenda
Overview
Bluetooth networking details
Profiles
APIs and developers tools
Q&A
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Agenda
Overview
Bluetooth networking details
Profiles
APIs and developers tools
Q&A
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Bluetooth Wireless Technology Overview
Appeared in 1994, Bluetooth SIG established in 1998
Bluetooth Wireless technology
Short-range wireless communication
RF over the air (2.4 GHz)
Limited range of connection (10-100m)
Fundamental characteristics Open and royalty free specification
Global usage free of charge
Capability to handle voice and data
Low power and suitable for portable devices
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Bluetooth SIG (Special Interest Group)
Started with 5 member companies
Almost 4000 member companies now
Major task: develop the specification
Additional tasks: IOP testing, marketing, legal, etc
Different levels of contribution and access
Promoter
Associate
Adopter
More information at www.bluetooth.org
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Bluetooth Wireless Technology Core Specification
Core Specification
Low level spec
Architectural overview
Compliance requirements
Higher level specs and profiles are released independently from the core
V1.0b and 1.1 Basic architecture, radio spec, basic protocols
V1.2 (November 2003)
Faster connection, coexistence with WLAN, improved QoS, improved voice quality
V2.0+EDR (November 2004)
Faster data transfer: up to 2.18 Mbit/s (user data rate)
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PAN Use Cases 1/2
Multiplayer gaming
Low latency games, like action games
Examples:
Nokia Pathway to Glory (6 multiplayer with Bluetooth)
Agile Fighter Bluetooth
Bluetooth Darts
Location-based services
Advertising in shopping malls, tourist guides, providing content at hot-spots
Example:
Nokia Local Marketing Solution (www.nokia.com/localmarketing)
Social applications
Finding friends, exchanging flyers, personal page on a phone Examples:
Nokia Sensor (download at www.nokia.com/sensor)
6th sense (www.sixsense.com)
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PAN Use Cases 2/2
Home
Phone as a remote control, sharing phone content, shopping list on a phone
updated by a smart fridge
Enterprise
Access to email and calendar, synchronization
Example:
Nokia Local Business Connectivity Solution (www.nokia.com/localconnectivity)
Identification
Storing e-tickets in a phone, payments, etc
Etc, etc, etc
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Agenda
Overview
Bluetooth networking details
Profiles
APIs and developers tools
Q&A
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Bluetooth Protocols
Bluetooth Radio
Baseband
LMP
HCI
L2CAP
Audio
SDP
RFCOMM
TCS
BIN
AT
comOBEX
PPP
IP
TCP UDP
WAP
application IrDAapplication
Telephony
applications
Physical layer
Network layer
Data link layer
Transport layer
Session layer
Presentation layer
Application layer
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Bluetooth Protocols Details
L2CAP = Logical Link and Control Adaptation Protocol
Packet-based, not fully reliable
RFCOMM
Stream-based, reliable
OBEX = Object Exchange protocol
Object-based
SDP = Service Discovery Protocol
Service discovery
BNEP = Bluetooth Network Emulation Protocol
Ethernet emulation Support for IPv4 and IPv6
More protocols are defined in the specification
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Bluetooth Connection Approach
Common Bluetooth connection approach
Inquiry Servicediscovery Connection Communication
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Service Discovery
Servicediscovery
A
DB
C
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Service Discovery Details
No central service repository
Each device maintains a database with own services
No central service ID authority
Services are defined by Bluetooth developers
No need to register service
Service identifier is UUID
A set of standard services are in the specification
Each profile specifies a standard service format
Service Discovery Database
Service
Records
Mandatory Attributes Optional Attributes
ServiceRecordHandle ServiceClassIDList......
ServiceRecordHandle ServiceClassIDList
ServiceRecordHandle ServiceClassIDList
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Bluetooth Discovery Issues
Slow
10 sec for inquiry, up to 3 sec for service discovery per device
Problems in dense environments
10+ devices in vicinity
Rather complex source code
Callbacks, synchronization, threads, etc
Tips for improving discovery and connection usability
Mobile Bluetooth Networking with JSR-82 presentation
Presentation #TS-3234 at JavaOne (USA, 2005) Download atjava.sun.com/javaone/
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Paging (Network Setup)
Page scan = Connectable
No page scan =
Non-connectable
Page
BD
C
A
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Paging (Network Setup)
Page scan = Connectable
No page scan =
Non-connectable
BD
C
A
Piconet- one master- 1 to 7 active slaves
master
slave
slave
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Paging (Network Setup)
BC
Amaster
slave
slave
D
Page
master
slave
Page scan = Connectable
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Paging (Network Setup)
BC
Amaster
slave
slave
D
master
slave
Page scan = Connectable
Scatternet- more than one master
- devices have mixed roles
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Paging (Network Setup)
BC
Amaster
slave
slave
D
master
slave
Switch
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Paging (Network Setup)
BC
Amaster
slave
slave
D
slave
Piconet
- one master- 1 to 7 active slaves
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Connection Issues
In real life connecting is not easy
Bluetooth state have to be considered
Running inquiry
Running service discovery Active connections
Device role in connection
Point-to-multipoint connections support
Ability to connect and to accept connections in various states is different Partly possible to check using developers APIs
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Basic Rule
Form piconets, avoid scatternets
One master
1 to 7 active slaves
Why
Very often scatternets are not supported
Slower data transfer rate
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Client-Server vs. Master-Slave
3 levels
Application logic level
Developers API level
Bluetooth networking level
A B C D
DB C
A
Bluetooth Master Slave
Developers Initiator Acceptors
(Client) (Servers)
Application Logic Server Clients
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Two Ways to Form a Piconet
Server connects to clients / Application logic
Clients connect to a server with m-s switch / Application logic
DB C
A
Page
Recommended way
DB C
A
Switch
Page
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Master-Slave Switch
Not always supported
Sometimes it is possible to check support using APIs
Rely on master-slave switch only if you know what you are doing Knowledge about the devices and its capabilities
E.g. underlying platforms may have mechanism for master-slave roles configuration
automatically (if master=false)
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Bluetooth Security
Authentication = proving that the other device is the one it claims to be
Ad hoc nature, no third party authorities
Authentication depends on a shared secret (PIN code)
First authentication involves PIN codes (aka pairing, bonding)
Encryption
Based on link key created during authentication
Key maximum size is 128 bit
Additional: Authorization
Permission to access a service
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Agenda
Overview
Bluetooth networking details
Profiles
APIs and developers tools
Q&A
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Bluetooth Profiles 1/2
Profile Standard use case
Bluetooth profile defines
Protocol parameters
Combines use of several protocols
Common user experience
Devices with the same profiles are able to:
Find each other
Connect
Communicate
Main goal: Interoperability
Bluetooth Radio
Baseband
LMP
HCI
L2CAP
Audio
SDP
RFCOMM
TCS
BIN
AT
comOBEX
PPP
IP
TCP UDP
WAPapplication IrDA
applicationTelephony
applications
Physical layer
Network layer
Data link layer
Transport layer
Session layer
Presentation layer
Application layer
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Bluetooth Profiles 2/2
Separate from the core specification
Defined in SIG Work Groups
Total 32 profiles (adopted and WIP)
Profile areas
Serial port adaptation
IrDA Interoperability (OBEX) Networking adaptation
A/V connectivity
Peripheral device connectivity
Service discovery Cordless telephony
Transparent bearer
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Bluetooth Profiles: Serial Port Adaptation
Serial Port Profile (SPP)
Enabler/transport, not application profile:
SPP enables serial port (COM) connectivity
Serial port (RS232 or similar) emulation
Features:
Channel multiplexing
Optional flow control
Application Profiles
Dial-Up Networking Profile (DUNP)
Fax Profile (FAX) Hands-Free Profile (HFP)
Baseband
LMP L2CAP
RFCOMM SDP
(Serial port emul.or other API)
GWDT
Internet
CellularNetwork
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Bluetooth Profiles: IrDA Interoperability (OBEX)
Generic Object Exchange Profile (GOEP)
Enabler/transport, not application profile:SPP enables OBEX transport, thus IrDAinteroperability
Feature: Connect/disconnect OBEX/object exchange
sessions
Push/pull objects
OBEX sessions with authentication
Application Profiles
Object Push Profile (OPP)
File Transfer Profile (FTP)
Synchronization Profile (Sync) Basic Imaging Profile (BIP)
Basic Printing Profile (BPP)
Baseband
LMP L2CAP
RFCOMM SDP
(Applicationserver or client)
OBEX
Sender
Printer
push
pull
Pushclient
Pushserver
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Bluetooth Profiles: Audio/Video Connectivity
Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) /
Generic A/V Distribution Profile (GAVDP)
(Near) CD quality stereo audio streaming in real-
time to one device
Video Distribution Profile (VDP) / Generic A/V
Distribution Profile (GAVDP)
(Small scale) video streaming in real-time
Mixing with audio is possible
A/V Remote Control Profile (AVRCP)
Simple remote control of A/V devices
Designed to complement A2DP and VDP
Typical IR remote commander functionality
Baseband
LMP L2CAP
AVDTP SDP
(Application:
source/sink)
Audio codec
SRC
SNKSNK
SNK
CT CT
TG
TG
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Bluetooth Profiles: Peripheral Device Connectivity
Human Interface Device Profile (HID)
Connect HID devices with PC, PDA, phones: e.g.
keyboard, mouse, joystick
Hardcopy Cable Replacement Profile (HCRP)
Legacy printing/scanning with available drivers and
standard Printer Description Languages
Replacement of parallel cable connectionfor legacy printing and scanning
HID
Host
HID
Host
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Bluetooth Profiles: Other
Transparent bearer
Common ISDN Access Profile (CIP)
SIM Access Profile (SAP)
Service discovery Service Discovery Application Profile (SDAP)
Cordless telephony
Cordless Telephony Profile (CTP)
Intercom Profile (IP)
Other profiles: work in progress
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Agenda
Overview
Bluetooth networking details
Profiles
APIs and developers tools
Q&A
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C++ Bluetooth APIs
SDKs and APIs
Windows XP SP2 (or SP1) (msdn.microsoft.com/library/)
BlueZ - Linux Bluetooth stack (www.bluez.org)
Digianswer SDK (www.btsws.com)
Cambridge Silicon Radio Development kit (www.csr.com)
XTNDAccess Car SDK v1.0
Etc
Mobile
Symbian OS (www.symbian.com/developer/techlib/sdl.html)
Nokia Series 60, Series 80 (forum.nokia.com -> Technologies -> Bluetooth)
Palm Inc SDK and HDK
Windows Mobile and Windows CE
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Java Bluetooth APIs
Java APIs for Bluetooth Wireless technology
Standard APIs
Standardized by Java Community Process (www.jcp.org)
Java Specification Request 82 (JSR-82) Defined for Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME)
A number of non-standard APIs
Harald (www.control.lth.se/%7Ejohane/harald/)
JBluez (www.sourceforge.net)
BlueJ (www.sourceforge.net)
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Java APIs for Bluetooth (JSR-82)
Standard API
Defined for Java 2 Micro Edition
Supported by many mobile device models on the market
Nokia: 17 device models are on the market and more are coming
6600, 6260, 6680, 6630, 6681, 7610, 3230, 6670, 6620, 9300, 9500, 8800, 6230,
6230i, 6255, 7710
A few implementations for desktop (J2SE)
List of some : www.javabluetooth.com
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Java APIs for Bluetooth (JSR-82) Details
javax.bluetooth
Discovery:
Inquiry, service discovery, service registration
Communication:
L2CAP, Serial Port Profile (RFCOMM)
Device management:
local and remote device
javax.obex Generic Object Exchange Profile (GOEP)
Optional
Supported on upcoming devices
N90, N91, N70, 6280, 6265, 6265i, 6111, 6270
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Discovery Example 1/2
public void myInquiry() {
// initialize BT stack
da.startInquiry(DiscoveryAgent.GIAC, this);
}
public void deviceDiscovered(RemoteDevice d, DeviceClass cod) {
// save device in a list
}
public void inquiryCompleted(int discType) {
// optional: ask user to select devices out of listmyServiceDiscovery();
}
Inquiry
A
DB C
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Discovery Example 2/2
public void myServiceDiscovery() {
for(i=0; i < deviceList.length; i++) {
da.searchServices(attrset, UUIDset, remd, this);
// wait until search is done
}
connect();
}
public void serviceDiscovered(...) {
// save service in a list
}
public void serviceSearchCompleted(...) {// indicate that the search is done
}
Servicediscovery
DBC
A
i l ( i i k)
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Connection Example (Generic Connection Framework)
public void myConnect() {
String acceptorURL = btspp://localhost: + uuid;
ConnectionNotifier n = Connector.open(acceptorURL);
Connection c = n.acceptAndOpen();
}
public void myConnect() {
Connection c = Connector.open(btspp://0102030406:5);
}
A
B C D
DB C
A
Page
A li ti St t Bl t th C ti
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Application Startup on Bluetooth Connection
Application startup on Bluetooth connection
MIDP 2.0 Push Registry and JSR-82 = Bluetooth Push
Not specified in JSR-82 Only briefly mentioned
Going to be clarified in JSR-248
Few phone support it
S60, starting from 2nd edition, Feature pack 2
6680, 6681, 6682, 6630
N ki Bl t th D l t T l
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Nokia Bluetooth Development Tools
Java SDKs
Nokia Prototype SDK 3.0 for the Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition
Series 40 Developer Platform 2.0 SDK
Series 60 Developer Platform SDK's for Symbian OS, for Java (various versions)
Series 80 Developer Platform SDK's for Symbian OS, for Java
Symbian C++ SDKs
Series 60 Developer Platform SDK's for Symbian OS, for C++ (various versions)
Series 80 Developer Platform 2.0 SDK for Symbian OS
Series 60 Developer Platform SDK for Symbian OS, for C++, v0.9 (for 7650 and 3650)
Nokia 7710 SDK for Symbian OS, For C++
Development suites Nokia Developer's Suite 3.0 for J2ME
Nokia Developer's Suite for Symbian OS
T l I t ti ith IDE
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Tools Integration with IDEs
Tools can be integrated with
Eclipse
CodeWarrior
Borland C++ Mobile Edition Microsoft Visual Studio
Borland JBuilder
NetBeans
Sun Java Studio Mobility 6
IBM WebSphere Studio Device Developer
Sun Wireless Toolkit
etc
Bluetooth Testing Support
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Bluetooth Testing Support
Testing/debugging with Bluetooth hardware
Development on PC with Bluetooth hardware
SDKs have access to Bluetooth hardware
Starting from Series 60 Developer Platform SDK's for Symbian OS, 2nd edition, FP1 For C++ and Java
Nokia Connectivity Framework 1.2
Emulation of Bluetooth traffic
Starting from Series 60 Developer Platform SDK's for Symbian OS, 2nd edition, FP2
For C++ and Java
Download and more information on forum.nokia.com
Future of Bluetooth Wireless Technology
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Future of Bluetooth Wireless Technology
Future releases
Several future releases are planed
More about features on www.bluetooth.org
Interesting collaboration
Bluetooth and Ultra Wide Band (UWB)
UWB
Short-range about 10m
Using wide bandwidth (3.1GHz 10GHz)
High-speed data (up to 480Mbs)
Summary
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Summary
We learned..
Basics of Bluetooth Wireless technology
Practical tips for Bluetooth networking
About Bluetooth APIs and development tools
So start using Bluetooth
and learn more by doing!
References 1/2
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References 1/2
Bluetooth SIG website: www.bluetooth.org
Yuan, Michael, Juntao; Sharp, KevinDeveloping Scalable Series 40
Applications, Nokia Mobile Developer Series, Addison-Wesley, 2005
Kumar, C Bala; Kline, Paul J.; Thompson, Timothy J.Bluetooth ApplicationProgramming with the Java APIs, Morgan Kaufman, 2004
Hopkins, Bruce; Antony, RanjithBluetooth for Java, Apress, 2003
Miller, Brent A.; Bisdikian, Chatschik Bluetooth Revealed, Prentice Hall, 2000
Baraev, Ilya Java APIs for Bluetooth Wireless Technology, Lappeenranta :
Lappeenrannan teknillinen korkeakoulu, 2002
Baraev, Ilya; Mittal Nitin: - Mobile Bluetooth Networking With JSR 82: Practical
recommendations and advanced practices, JavaOne: TS-3234(USA, 2005)
References 2/2
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References 2/2
Java Community Process website (www.jcp.org)
Java APIs for Bluetooth Wireless technology (JSR-82)
www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=82
Bluetooth support on Symbian platforms:www.symbian.com/technology/product_descriptions.html
Symbian Developers Library: www.symbian.com/developer/techlib/sdl.html
Forum Nokia: forum.nokia.com
Bluetooth Wireless Technology and PAN
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Bluetooth Wireless Technology and PAN
Q&A
Bluetooth Wireless Technology and PAN
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Bluetooth Wireless Technology and PAN
Ilya Baraev
Research Engineer
Nokia Corp.