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Ilan StavansFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Ilan Stavans (born Ilan Stavchansky on April 7, 1961, in Mexico City) is a Mexican-American, essayist,lexicographer, cultural commentator, translator, short-story author, TV personality, and teacher known forhis insights into American, Hispanic, and Jewish cultures.

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Contents [hide]

1 Life2 Influence3 Spanglish4 The Norton Anthology of Latino Literature5 Fiction6 Cultural Studies7 Critical bibliography8 Publications

8.1 Complete book-length original works8.2 Edited works8.3 Television8.4 Films

9 References10 External links

Life

Ilan Stavans was born in Mexico to a middle-class Jewish family from the Pale of Settlement. His fatherAbraham was a popular Mexican soap opera star. Living in Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East, heultimately immigrated to the United States in 1985. Upon completing his graduate education in New YorkCity, he settled in New England where he lives with his wife, Alison, and his two sons, Joshua and Isaiah.His journey is the topic of his autobiography On Borrowed Words: A Memoir of Language (2001). Hereceived a Master’s degree from the Jewish Theological Seminary and a Doctorate in Letters from ColumbiaUniversity. He was the host of the syndicated PBS show Conversations with Ilan Stavans, which ran from2001 to 2006.

He is best known for his investigations on language and culture. His love for lexicography is evident inDictionary Days: A Defining Passion (2005).

Stavans's work is wide-ranging, and includes both scholarly monographs such as The Hispanic Condition

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(1995) and comic strips in the case of Latino USA: A Cartoon History (with Lalo Alcaraz) (2000). Stavans iseditor of several anthologies including The Oxford Book of Jewish Stories (1998). A selection of his workappeared in 2000 under the title The Essential Ilan Stavans. In 2004, on the occasion of the 100thanniversary of Pablo Neruda’s birth, Stavans edited the 1,000-page-long The Poetry of Pablo Neruda. Thesame year he edited the 3-volume set of Isaac Bashevis Singer: Collected Stories for the Library ofAmerica.

He has also displayed a strong interest in popular culture. Among other topics, he has written influentialessays on the Mexican comedian, Mario Moreno ("Cantinflas")," the lampooner José Guadalupe Posada,the Chicano leader César Chávez, and the Tejana singer Selena, as well as a book about the board gameLotería! (with Teresa Villegas), which includes Stavans’s own poems. He was also featured in one of theSmithsonian Q&A books.

Since 1993 he has been on the faculty at Amherst College, Massachusetts, where he is the Lewis-SebringProfessor in Latin American and Latino Culture. He is on the editorial board of the literary magazine TheCommon, based at Amherst College.[1] He has also taught a various other institutions, including ColumbiaUniversity. In 1997, Stavans was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and has been the recipient ofinternational prizes and honors, including the Latino Literature Prize, Chile’s Presidential Medal, and theRubén Darío Distinction.

Influence

He has portrayed Jewish-American identity as Eurocentric and parochial. He has been a critic of thenostalgia generated by life in the Eastern European shtetl of the 19th century. He is recognized for hisexplorations of Jewish culture in the Hispanic world. In 1994 he published the anthology TropicalSynagogues: Stories by Jewish-Latin American Writers (1994). From 1997 to 2005 he edited the JewishLatin America series at the University of New Mexico Press. And his anthology The Schocken Book ofModern Sephardic Literature (2005) was the recipient of the National Jewish Book Award. Some of hisessays on Jewish topics are included in The Inveterate Dreamer. His work has been translated into a dozenlanguages.

His inspirations range from Jorge Luis Borges to Edmund Wilson and Walter Benjamin. (In his

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autobiography, Stavans recounts the episode, in the early stages of his career, when, in order to find hisown style, he burned his collection of dozens of Borges’s books, p. 9.) He has written a small biography ofthe Chicano lawyer Oscar "Zeta" Acosta and a book-long meditation on Octavio Paz. In 2005, in a series ofinterviews with Neal Sokol called Ilan Stavans: Eight Conversations, Stavans traces his beginnings, callsHispanic civilization to task for its allergy to constructive self-criticism, discusses the work of Borges, FranzKafka, Isaac Babel, Sholem Aleichem, Gabriel García Márquez, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Octavio Paz,Samuel Johnson, Edward Said, Miguel de Cervantes, and others, and reflects on anti-Semitism and anti-Hispanic sentiment.

Stavans has devoted many years of study to the work of Gabriel García Márquez. His biography, GabrielGarcía Márquez: The Early Years, slated for publication in 2010, is the first of two planned volumes. Thebiography traces Gabriel García Márquez's artistic development from childhood to the publication of OneHundred Years of Solitude in Spanish in 1967 and its English translation by Gregory Rabassa in 1970. JuliaAlvarez, author of How the García Girls Lost Their Accents, has called this biography "an engaging,informative study tracking the small beginnings of a literary giant and his magnum opus. It is also a lovestory: that of an important contemporary critic and thinker with a writer, his life, and his text. Stavansenlightens us, not just about one literary figure, but about the culture and history of a whole hemisphere in abook that never feels plodding or overtly academic. Stavans is a magical writer himself."

In A Critic’s Journey, published in 2009 by University of Michigan Press, Stavans writes about his life andwork as a cultural critic. The book is a collection of pieces that brings together three cultures: Jewish,American, and Mexican. It includes pieces on writing On Borrowed Words, the Holocaust in Latin America,the growth of Latino studies in the U.S. academy, Stavans’ relationship with the Jewish Daily Forward, andtranslation in the shaping of Hispanic culture, as well as pieces on Sandra Cisneros, Richard Rodríguez,Isaiah Berlin, and W. G. Sebald, asnd close readings of the Don Quixote and the oeuvre of Roberto Bolaño.

Since the late 1990s, Stavans has devoted his energy to reinvigorating the literary genre of the conversationnot as a promotional tool but as a patient, insightful instrument to explore them in intellectual depth. NealSokol interviewed Stavans in a book-long volume Eight Conversations (2004) on his Jewish and Latinoheritage, translator Verónica Albin discussed the way the word “love” has changed through the age in thebook Love and Language (2007) as well as on topic like libraries and censorship in Knowledge andCensorship (2008), and Canadian journalist Mordecai Drache (Zeek: A Jewish Journal of Thought and

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Culture) probes him on the Bible as a work of literature in With All Thine Heart (2010). In the U.S. Latinoliterary tradition, writers like Gloria Anzaldúa and Richard Rodriguez have also practiced the conversation asa meditative form.

Spanglish

As a sociolinguist, Stavans is known as a world authority in Spanglish, the hybrid form of communicationthat emerges at the crossroad where Spanish and English speakers interact. He has edited a dictionary ofSpanglish words called Spanglish: The Making of a New American Language (2003) that includes an essayin historical analysis on the development of this linguistic phenomenon. Stavans writes that its firstmanifestations date back to 1848, when the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed after the Mexican-American War ended and a large portion of Mexican land was sold to the United States. He describesvarious distinctive varieties of Spanglish, such as Cubonics (Cuban-American), Dominicanish (Dominican-American), Nuyorrican (Puerto Rican in New York), and Chicano (Mexican American). He also establishesdifferences across generational and geographical lines, stating that recent immigrants are prone to use atype of Spanglish that differs from second- or third-generation Latinos. Stavans studies Spanglish by makingcomparisons with Black English and with Yiddish as well as Yinglish (the type of Yiddish used by Jewishimmigrants to the United States and their children). And he reflects on the cultural similarities betweenSpanglish and jazz, rap, hip-hop, and graffiti.

In 2002, Stavans published in the Barcelona newspaper La Vanguardia a Spanglish translation of the firstchapter of Cervantes’ Don Quixote of La Mancha. The translation has been controversial throughout theworld, garnishing celebrations and attacks. Critics accuse Stavans of using Spanglish to call attention tohimself. Supporters say that the translation is an indication that the Latino community in the United Stateshas come of age. Stavans has responded to the reactions with interviews in which he argues that Spanglishis today’s manifestation of “mestizaje,” the crossbreeding of racial, social, and cultural traits of Anglos andLatinos similar to what occurred during the colonization of the Americas in the sixteenth century.

The Norton Anthology of Latino Literature

In 2011, after thirteen years of preparation, Stavans, as general editor, published The Norton Anthology of

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Latino Literature, a 2,700-page compendium that includes more than two hundred authors and covers fromthe colonial period (the earliest author included is Fray Bartolomé de las Casas) to the present time. Theanthology features Mexican-Americans, Cuban-Americans, Puerto Ricans in the island and the mainland,and other Latinos. It also features a section with samples by Latin American writers such as Octavio Pazand Roberto Fernández Retamar discussing the United States.

The Norton Anthology followed in the footsteps of similar ventures devoted to women literature and African-American literature. It was greeted with an enthusiastic reception. Booklist gave it a starred review. It wasnoted in, among other places, The Boston Globe, Smithsonian, the American Book Review, WorldLiterature Today, Literal, and NPR’s On Point with John Ashbrook. Erica Jong said “Ilan Stavans hasspread a feast of Latino literature before us.” Cornel West called it ”an instant classic.” And FelipeFernández-Armesto of University of Notre Dame stated: “Imaginatively conceived, painstakingly executed,stunningly broad, profoundly stirring, endlessly engaging, this book can change the way the world thinksabout America, and the way Americans think about themselves.” It was criticized also for including fewauthors born in Central America.

Fiction

This section of a biography of a living person does not include anyreferences or sources. Please help by adding reliable sources.Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorlysourced must be removed immediately. (January 2010)

Stavans’s short stories are included in The One-Handed Pianist (1996) and The Disappearance (2006). Oneof them, "Morirse está en hebreo," about Jewish life in Mexico at the time of the 2000 presidential election,which appeared in the later anthology, was turned into a movie directed by Alejandro Springall called "MyMexican Shivah." The film was praised by Martin Tsai in the New York Sun ("Lifetimes To Go in OldMexico." August 29, 2008). Mr. Tsai writes "My Mexican Shivah offers so much profundity that almost everyviewer can walk out of the theater with something to mull...Mr. Springall and screenwriter Jorge Goldenberghave so skillfully infused the film with an intriguing story, convincing performances, and a breezy pace thatone nearly forgets that the action unfolds almost entirely within the confines of one house. The film's coda

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may be somewhat anticlimactic because the confrontations do not boil over as anticipated. But, like therest of the film, it rings utterly true."

The themes in Stavans' fiction range from redemption and revenge to cultural authenticity and politicalactivism. In "A Heaven Without Crows," he imagines Kafka's final letter to Max Brod, suggesting that maybehe shouldn't burn his œuvre. "The One-Handed Pianist" deals with a rare disease affecting a piano concertplayer, impeding her the use of one hand. In "Xerox Man," written for the BBC, about an Orthodox Jewishthief of rare books, Stavans meditates on imperfection. And in "The Disappearance," about the kidnapping ofa famous Jewish stage actor in the Low Countries, Stavans explores the perils of silence. "TheDisappearance" serves as the basis of a play he created with the Double Edge Theater Company. Theplay's premiere was staged at the Skirball Cultural Center in Los Angeles on October 16, 2008 (see MikeBoehm's article "Seeking Haven on Earth." Los Angeles Times October 15, 2008).

His graphic novel "Mr. Spic Goes to Washington" (2008) was hailed by the writer Rigoberto González as"Stavans' latest contribution to a stellar career in literary troublemaking." Mr. González states in the ElPaso Times (Texas) "Unlike "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington," the Jimmy Stewart vehicle that inspires thetitle and premise of this book (a film that, incidentally, did not thrill Congress back in 1939 because of itsdepiction of a corrupt and self-absorbed branch of government), "Mr. Spic" inhabits a grittier version of thisfantasy story line: There really is no place for such a pro-Latino agitator like him in Washington. And so hispolitical career is cut short, though Stavans assures us that the ideas, dreams and visions of a pioneer donot vanish with his martyrdom." ("What If You Voted for the Vato?" El Paso Times October 19, 2008) ElaineAyala writes in the San Antonio Express-News ""Mr. Spic" delivers Latino history lessons with comedicbows not only to Mr. Smith but Cervantes' Don Quixote, Woody Allen's "Zelig," JFK conspiracy theories,even Bill Clinton...The 110-page book is a quick, entertaining read that will appeal to a wider and youngeraudience than has read Stavans before. Fans of "The Daily Show with Jon Stewart" and "The ColbertReport" will enjoy its comedic value and caustic satire." ("Idealistic Mr. Spic Shocks and Provokes." SanAntonio Express-News July 27, 2008)

Cultural Studies

His views on language are polemical in their approach to word and structure formation. Stavans believes thatdictionaries and language academies are buffers whose improbable function is to provide continuity for a

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dictionaries and language academies are buffers whose improbable function is to provide continuity for alanguage, but suggests that such continuity, especially in the age of electronic communication, is fatuous.He accuses the Royal Academy of the Spanish Language in Madrid of colonialism, among other things. Hehas also studied the Iberian conquest of the Americas in the 16th century from a linguistic perspective.Translation, for Stavans, represents appropriation. He defined modernity as “a translated way of life” and haswritten and lectured on the role translators perform as communicating vessels across epochs and habitats.

Critical bibliography

He has been criticized by some academics and scholars who have taken issue with his formulation of USLatino identity and/or with his research in literary studies, for example, concerns regarding factual errors inhis published output.

Allatson, Paul (2006). "Ilan Stavans's Latino USA. A Cartoon History (of a cosmopolitan intellectual)."Chasqui 35(1): 21–41. (Academic Journal)Dalleo, Raphael and Elena Machado Sáez (2007). The Latino/a Canon and the Emergence of Post-Sixties Literature. [1] New York: Palgrave Macmillan. (Book)Flores, Juan (2000). From Bomba to Hip-Hop: Puerto Rican Culture and Latino Identity.[2] New York:Columbia University Press. (Book)Luis, William (1997). Dance Between Two Cultures: Latino Caribbean Literature Written in the UnitedStates. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt UP.Sokol, Neal (2004). Ilan Stavans: Eight Conversations (Book)Machado Sáez, Elena (2009). "Reconquista: Ilan Stavans and Multiculturalist Latino/a Discourse."Latino Studies 7.4 (2009): 410–434. (Academic Journal)Mendoza, Louis (2001). "On Buffaloes, Body Snatching, and Bandidismo: Ilan Stavans’s Appropriation ofOscar Acosta and the Chicano Experience." [3] Bilingual Review 26(1): 79–86. (AcademicJournal)Scholar searchModroño Garcia, Luz (2009). "Ilan Stavans, icono del seudointelectual norteamericano." Cuba NuestraDigital [4] (Magazine Article)Richardson, Lynda (1999). "How to Be Both an Outsider and an Insider; 'The Czar of Latino Literatureand Culture' Finds Himself Under Attack." The New York Times.[5] (Newspaper Article)

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(1998). "'Living in the Hyphen' Between Latin and American." The Chronicle of Higher Education. [6](Magazine Article)(2009). "El esencial difamador Ilan Stavans/The Essential Slanderer Ilan Stavans." VegamediaPress.com Source Cannot be Confirmed (Magazine Article)

Publications

Complete book-length original works2012 - El Iluminado (with Steve Sheinkin).2012 - Return to Centro Historico: A Mexican Jew Looks for His Roots.2011 - José Vaconcelos: The Prophet of Race.2011 - What is la hispanidad?: A Conversation (with Iván Jaksic).2010 - With All Thine Heart: Love and the Bible (with Mordecai Drache).2010 - Gabriel García Márquez: The Early Years.2009 - A Critic's Journey2008 - Resurrecting Hebrew.2008 - Mr. Spic Goes to Washington, illustrations by Roberto Weil.2008 - Knowledge and Censorship (with Verónica Albin).2007 - Love and Language (with Verónica Albin).2006 - The Disappearance: A Novella and Stories.2005 - Dictionary Days: A Defining Passion.2005 - Conversations with Ilan Stavans (with Neal Sokol).2003 - Lotería!, art by Teresa Villegas, essay and riddles by Ilan Stavans.2003 - Spanglish: The Making of a New American Language.2001 - On Borrowed Words: A Memoir of Language.2001 - Octavio Paz: A Meditation.2001 - The Inveterate Dreamer: Essays and Conversations on Jewish Literature.2000 - The Essential Ilan Stavans.

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2000 - Latino U.S.A.: A Cartoon History, illustrations by Lalo López Alcaraz.1998 - The Riddle of Cantinflas: Essays on Popular Hispanic Culture.1996 - Art and Anger: Essays on Politics and the Imagination.1996 - The One-Handed Pianist and Other Stories.1995 - Bandido. Oscar 'Zeta' Acosta and the Chicano Experience.1995 - The Hispanic Condition: Reflections on Culture and Identity in America.1993 - Imagining Columbus: The Literary Voyage.

Edited works2012 - Encyclopedia of Latin Music, edited by Ilan Stavans (four vols.).2012 - All The Odes: Pablo Neruda, edited by Ilan Stavans.2011 - Béisbol (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction by IlanStavans.2011 - Fútbol (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction by IlanStavans.2011 - Mexican-American Cuisine (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with anintroduction by Ilan Stavans.2011 - The FSG Book of Twentieth-Century Latin American Poetry: An Anthology, edited and with anintroduction by Ilan Stavans.2010 - The Norton Anthology of Latino Literature, edited and with an introduction by Ilan Stavans.2010 - One Hundred Years of Solitude (Critical Insights), edited by Ilan Stavans.2010 - Border Culture (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2010 - César Chávez (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2010 - Health Care (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2010 - Quinceañera (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.

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2010 - Telenovelas (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2009 - Becoming Americans: Four Centuries of Immigrant Writing, edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2008 - Latina Writers (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2008 - Spanglish (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction by IlanStavans.2008 - Immigration (The Ilan Stavans Library of Latino Civilization), edited and with an introduction byIlan Stavans.2008 - An Organizer's Tale: Speeches, written by César Chávez, edited and with an introduction by IlanStavans.2007 - I Explain a Few Things: Selected Poems, written by Pablo Neruda, edited and with anintroduction by Ilan Stavans.2007 - A Luis Leal Reader (Latino Voices/Vidas), edited and with an introduction by Ilan Stavans.2006 - Lengua Fresca, co-edited by Ilan Stavans and Harold Augenbraum.2005 - Rubén Darío: Selected Writings, edited and with an introduction by Ilan Stavans.2005 - Encyclopedia Latina, edited by Ilan Stavans (four vols.).2005 - The Schocken Book of Modern Sephardic Literature, edited by Ilan Stavans.2004 - Isaac Bashevis Singer: Collected Stories, edited by Ilan Stavans (3 vols.).2003 - The Poetry of Pablo Neruda, edited by Ilan Stavans.2002 - The Scroll and the Cross: 1,000 Years of Jewish-Hispanic Literature, edited by Ilan Stavans.2001 - Wachale! Poetry and Prose on Growing Up Latino, edited by Ilan Stavans.1999 - Mutual Impressions: Writers of the Americas Reading One Another, edited by Ilan Stavans.1998 - The Oxford Book of Jewish Stories, edited by Ilan Stavans.1997 - Calvert Casey: The Collected Stories, edited and with an introduction by Ilan Stavans.1997 - The Urban Muse, edited by Ilan Stavans.1997 - The Oxford Book of Latin American Essays, edited by Ilan Stavans.1996 - Oscar "Zeta" Acosta: The Uncollected Works, edited by Ilan Stavans.

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1996 - New World: Young Latino Writers, edited with an introduction by Ilan Stavans.1994 - Tropical Synagogues. Short Stories by Jewish-Latin American Writers, edited by Ilan Stavans.1993 - Growing up Latino: Memoirs and Stories, co-edited by Ilan Stavans and Harold Augenbraum.

TelevisionConversations with Ilan Stavans (PBS, La Plaza)

FilmsMorirse está en hebreo / My Mexican Shivah (2006) Directed by Alejandro Springall.

References1. ^ http://www.thecommononline.org/about

External links

Voices on Antisemitism Interview with Ilan Stavans from the United States Holocaust MemorialMuseumStavans on the Art of Cultural Criticism, ThoughtCast, Interview by Jenny AttiyehStavans on Censorship, Translation Journal, Interview by Verónica AlbinStavans on Dictionaries, Translation Journal, Interview by Verónica AlbinStavans on Libraries, The Vocabula Review, Interview by Verónica AlbinStavans on Literature and Prayer, AGNI, Interview by Kim Ben-PoratStavans on Translation, Literary Review, Interview by Neal SokolStavans on Spanglish-NPR interviewStavans on Spanglish-PBS interviewCOLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. "ARTICLES ABOUT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES" . New YorkTimes. Retrieved 2008-08-05.Profile of Stavans in Village VoiceProfile of Stavans in the Chronicle of Higher Education

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Stavans on Spanglish in NewsweekTranslation of Don QuixotePBS Conversation with Ilan StavansThe Salvation of Anarchy: A Review of The Disappearance nthWORD MagazineStavans en Cuadernos CervantesTraducción de Don QuixoteStavans por Jorge RamosStavans en Instituto CervantesStavans lee a Pablo NerudaStavans en Barcelona ReviewEn mi opinion, a blog hosted by Ilan StavansEn mi opinion, a blog hosted by Ilan Stavansradio interview with Ilan Stavans

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