Il controllo del ciclo del capello ovvero cosa determina il ciclo? The hair cycle or (to put it...
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Transcript of Il controllo del ciclo del capello ovvero cosa determina il ciclo? The hair cycle or (to put it...
![Page 1: Il controllo del ciclo del capello ovvero cosa determina il ciclo? The hair cycle or (to put it another way) why is hair growth cyclical? Andrea Marliani.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062511/5513ce7a55034679748b4ba3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Il controllo del ciclo del capelloovvero
cosa determina il ciclo?
The hair cycleor (to put it another way)
why is hair growth cyclical?
Andrea MarlianiFirenze
Italian Society of Trichology
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Ma a che serveil ciclo del capello ?
Why is there a hair cycle?
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Il ciclo del capelloè necessario
per impedire che...
Hair growth is cyclicalso that hair, and body hair…
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... i capelli ed i pelicrescano indefinitamente!
... will not growindefinitely!
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Cioèper impedire
che un individuodi 50 anni abbiai capelli lunghi
6 - 7 metri.
So thata 50-year-oldperson’s hair
will not be6 or 7 metres long.
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In natura il tagliodei capelli non
è previsto!
Hair cuts are notpart of natural
processes.
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Ilciclodel
capello
Thehair
cycle
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La durata della fase anagen del capello è controllata dalla disponibilità di energia.
How long the anagen phase lastsis determined by the amount
of energy available.
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Per mantenere l’anagene le sintesi proteiche
il follicoloha bisogno di energia
sotto forma di ATP.
If the anagen phaseand protein synthesisare to be maintained,
the follicle needsATP energy.
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Questa energiaè fornita dal metabolismo
del glucosio:con la glicolisi
e con la via alternativa (shunt)degli esosomonofostati
che poi continuano nel ciclo di Krebs.
This energy is releasedby the metabolism of glucose
through glycolysis and the pentose phosphate shunt,
followed by the Krebs cycle.
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Nella glicolisi si ha produzione di ATPnella via (shunt) degli esosomonofostati
si produce NADP.
ATP is produced during glycolysis,while NADPH is produced
in the pentose phosphate shunt.
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Il metabolismo del glucosioha un interruttore:
l’enzima adenilciclasi.
The metabolism of glucose is activated(is turned both on and off)
by the adenil cyclase enzyme.
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Bloccando l’adenilciclasisi ferma la glicolisi,
la via degli esosomonofosfatied il ciclo di Kebs.
When the adenil cyclase enzymeis withheld,
glycolysis stops,as do the pentose phosphate shunt
and the Krebs cycle.
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Fermare il metabolismodel glucosio
è chiudere l’energia espengere l’anagen.
The interruption of the glucose metabolismturns off the supply of energyand ends the anagen phase.
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Il ciclo è controllatoda ormoni
steroidi sessuali.
The hair cycleis controlled
by sex steroids.
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ma nonda ormoni circolanti,piuttosto da ormoni
prodotti in locodal follicolo stesso !
Not byhormones circulating
in the blood
but by hormonesthat are produced
within the follicle itself.
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Metabolism of follicle hormones
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Hormone precursors
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Active hormones
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Il diidrotestosteroneriduce l’attività
della adenilciclasi.
Dihydrotestosteroneinhibits
the adenil cyclase enzyme…
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L’estroneincrementa l’attivitàdella adenilciclasi.
…whileestrone
increasesit.
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T --> DHT --> decremento adenilciclasi --> catagen
4 --> E1 ---> incremento adenilciclasi --> anagen
Adachi K., Kano M.: "Adenil cyclase in human hair follicles: its inhibition by dihydrotestosterone" Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1970; 41: 884.
Adachi K., Takayasu S., Takashima I., Kano M., Kondo S.: "Human hair follicles: metabolism and control mechanism" Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1970; 2: 911.
Adachi K.: "The metabolism and control mechanism of human hair follicles" Current Problems in Dermatology 1873; 5: 37.
increase in adenil cyclase enzyme activity
decrease in adenil cyclase enzyme activity
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situazione ideale di equilibrio ormonale del follicolo
ideal hormone balance in the follicle
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vie prevalenti durante l’anagenmain processes in the anagen phase
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Il follicolo in anagen“cerca”
fisiologicamente di arrivareal catagen (e poi al telogen).
A follicle in the anagen phasemakes a physiological attempt
to reach the catagen stageand then the telogen stage.
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vie prevalenti durante l’anagenmain processes in the anagen phase
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Perché il follicolo arrivial catagen (e poi al telogen)
ènecessaria la 5 alfa riduzione.
For the follicleto be able to move onto the catagen stage,
5 alpha reduction is required.
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La 5 alfa riduzioneconsuma NADPH
(prodotto nella via degli esosomonofosfati)cioè è NADPH dipendente.
The 5 alpha reductase enzymechanges testosterone
into dihydrotestosterone.
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Il NADPHper la 5 alfa riduttasi(cioè per trasformare
il testosterone in diidrotestosterone)si produce
nella via degli esosomonofosfati.
5 alpha reductionuses the NADPH
producedin the pentose phosphate shunt.
It is, therefore,dependent on NADPH.
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Dalla fine dell’anagenla glicolisi è bloccata...
lo shunt esosomonofosfaticoè bloccato...
Glycolysis is stoppedat the end of the anagen phase,
as is the pentose phosphate shunt...
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... dalla fine dell’anagenil NADPH non è più prodotto,
la 5 alfa reduttasi è bloccata etutte le vie metaboliche sono
deviate verso l’aromatizzazione.
and NADPH is no longer produced.From the end of the anagen phase
there is no 5 alpha reduction,and all metabolic activity is geared to aromatization.
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vie prevalenti durante il catagenmain processes in the catagen phase
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L’estroneabbondantemente prodotto
dopo la fine dell’anagenattiva l’adenilciclasi,
la glicolisi riparteed il ciclo riparte.
There is an abundant productionof estrone at the close of the anagen phase,
and this activates the adenil cyclase enzyme.Glycolysis begins again
and the cycle is set once more in motion.
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Thehair
cycle
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Perché l’anagen della donnaè più lungo
di quello del maschio ?
Why is the anagen phaselonger in women than in men?
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Nel maschiola via metabolica più facile
è quella che da testosteroneporta a diidrotestosterone.
The reason is that,in males,
the easiest metabolic pathwayis for testosterone to be turned
into dihydrotestosterone.
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Nella donnala via metabolica più facile
porta ad estrone.
In women,the easiest process
is that leadingto the production of estrone.
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Cosìl’anagen
del maschiodura
3 annie quello
della donna6 anni.
The result is that the anagen phase
lasts 3 yearsin males
and 6 yearsin females.
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Nel maschio l’anagen è breve edil ciclo è veloce…
nella donna l’anagen è lungoed il ciclo è lento.
Men have short anagen phases and rapid hair cycles.
In women, anagen is longand the cycle is slow.
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Maanagen più corto
significaciclo più veloce,
non significainvoluzione del follicolo
né miniaturizzazionedel capello !
A shorter anagen phaseresults in a quicker cycle.
This does not meanthere will be involution of the follicle,
nor miniaturization of the hair.
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Anagen più cortonon significa
calvizie.
A shorter anagen cycleis in no way synonymous
of baldness.
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Ma questa è un’altra storia
But that is foranother story…
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Grazieper
l’attenzione.
Thank you for
listening.
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Take away:
estrone activates hair anagen phase.