IJIRET Nahar Dhruv Wireless Black Box with MEMS Accelerometer and GPS Tracking for Accidental...
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Transcript of IJIRET Nahar Dhruv Wireless Black Box with MEMS Accelerometer and GPS Tracking for Accidental...
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Peer Reviewed Online International Journal Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2014 5
Wireless Black Box with MEMS
Accelerometer and GPS Tracking for
Accidental Detection of Vehicle and Theft Control
Nahar Dhruv
Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering
AMC Engineering College
Bangalore, India
Chetan Adhikary
Dept of Electronics and Communication Engineering
AMC Engineering College
Bangalore, India
Abstract
Now-a-days lots of accidents happen on highways due to
increase in traffic and also due to rash driving of the driv-
ers. And in many situations the family members or the ambu-
lance and police authorities are not informed on time. This
results in delaying the help reaching to the person suffered
due to accident. Vehicle Detection GSM modem is designed
to avoid such situations.
In this project an accident detection unit name MEMS
accelerometer is used which will be mounted under the rid-
er's seat of the car. This system, in case of accident, or if the
car hits to some other vehicle or an object then accelerome-
ter gives the values greater than threshold value and hence
microcontroller will handle grabbing the position and send-
ing the SMS to the predefined numbers. The system consists
of cooperative components GPS device and GSM module.
Focusing on this idea, a system where vehicle itself intimates
the concern emergency service for immediate reaction in
case of accident or any emergency situation is proposed.
After the accident, this wireless device will send mobile
phone short message indicating the position of vehicle by
GPS system to family members, police station and hospitals.
The emergency medical service (EMS) can be provided to
the driver. The threshold algorithm is used to determine
speed of motorcycle and fall or accident in real-time.
Keywords
Accelerometer, GSM module, GPS device, Microcontrol-
ler, ADC, LCD.
Introduction
ACCIDENTS ARE BOUND TO HAPPEN. The vehicle accident is a major public problem in many countries. De-
spite awareness campaign, this problem is still in-creasing
due to rider's poor behaviors such as speed driving, drunk
driving, riding with no helmet protection, riding without
sufficient sleep, etc. The numbers of death and disability are
very high because of late assistance to people meeting with
the accident. These cause huge social and economic burdens
to people involved. Therefore, several research group and
major vehicle manufacturers including Honda have devel-
oped safety devices to protect riders from accidental injuries.
However, good safety device for vehicle is difficult to im-
plement and very expensive. Alternatively, intelligence
schemes such as fall or incident detection with tracking sys-
tem have also recently been devised to notify the accident to
related people so that quickest assistance can reach people
meeting with the accident. Thus, accident alarm system for
vehicle has recently gained attention because these systems
are expected to save life by helping riders to get medical
treatment on time. In this work, a system device using
MEMS accelerometer and GPS tracking system is developed
for accidental monitoring. In the event of accident, this wire-
less device will send mobile phone short message indicating
the position of vehicle by GPS system to family member,
emergency medical service (EMS) and nearest hospital so
that they can provide ambulance assistance and preparation
of treatment for the patients. The system consists of coopera-
tive components of an accelerometer, microcontroller unit
(MCU), GPS device and GSM module for sending a short
message. An accelerometer is applied for awareness and fall
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International Journal of Innovatory Research in Engineering and Technology IJIRET www.ijirusa.webs.com
Peer Reviewed Online International Journal Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2014 6
detection indicating an accident. The speed of vehicle and
threshold algorithm are used to decide a fall or accident in
real-time. Mobile short message containing position from
GPS (latitude, longitude) will be sent when vehicle accident
is detected. The robust package design is implemented so
that it is safe from water's spray and dust in environment.
The module is aimed to be installed at the position where the
system can be able to detect vibrations easily.
System Overview
The system consists of cooperative components of an
accelerometer, microcontroller unit, GPS device, Global
positioning system for Mobile module, sensors for sending a
short massage. An accelerometer is applied for awareness
and fall detection indicating an accident. If any accident is
occurred then the location of the vehicle is traced by the
longitude and latitude values of GPS and sends a SMS to the
nearest hospitals and family members so that they can be
ready for the treatment. A high performance 16 bits MCV is
used to process and store real-time signal from the accel-
erometer as well as sensors.
Figure 1. General Idea of the System
A} Existing System
In existing system most of the people associate black
boxes with airplanes but they are no longer just the key tool
in investigation of airplane accidents. Presently tracking
system is introduced in vehicles to avoid the accidents and
save peoples life. But these systems are still installed in
some of the high-end vehicles only because these systems
are too expensive for most of the vehicle riders. In our pro-
ject we are introducing fall detection and alarm system
which is expected to save peoples life by detecting the acci-
dents occurred and provides help by tracing the location of
the vehicle riders with the help of GPS technology. This
provides the information of the vehicle rider if any accident
is occurred to the family members and at the same time it
can send a message to the hospital, also police station for the
help.
B} Design Challenges
The challenge of the Project is to create a Black Box for
vehicle which will used to find the exact location of vehicle.
Consider the situation that a vehicle is met with an accident
in the middle of highway and there is no immediate assis-
tance from anybody nearby. If any injury is happened to the
vehicle driver or passengers, there may be loss of lives due
to delay in medical help. Keeping this idea in our mind, we
are proposing a system where vehicle itself intimates the
concern emergency service for immediate reaction in case
of accident or any emergency situation.
If the rider is safe and the system is misfired, later the
rider may have to face various legal consequences like po-
lice etc. So there is utter need of safety and also assurance
that the system works 100% correctly. Thus the control of
stopping the firing of alerting process is given to the rider
itself. Under the case of normal minor accident, the rider
itself can turn off the process of alarm, since the rider knows
that he/she is safe. Whence the other way round when the
rider has met with severe accident, the system waits 10 se-
conds seeking rider to turn it off if the rider is safe, it will
start the process of sending short message containing the
location of the vehicle otherwise.
C} Proposed Work
The proposed work will work out by creating a black
box.
Vehicle Location detection system: This is another
advantage of the system that we can track the vehicle loca-
tion just by sending the mobile SMS to the vehicle. Owner
vehicle is equipped with GPS device so it is possible to lo-
cate the vehicle location on Google map is very easy. Here
user will send Preformatted SMS to vehicle in response ve-
hicle system will use GPS device and collect the current
vehicle longitude and latitude and send back as a reply to
the SMS. Now user get the vehicle location as SMS now he
can use these details to track the vehicle on Google map
using Google earth like software.
Vehicle accident surveillance: In day to day life we are
facing many problems and many times we are helpless and
need someones assistance and which is not an accident analysis system based on an in-vehicle complaint EDR that
allows the acquisition of multimedia content, considering the
three main elements of traffic safety: vehicle, driver, and
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International Journal of Innovatory Research in Engineering and Technology IJIRET www.ijirusa.webs.com
Peer Reviewed Online International Journal Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2014 7
road. Consider a situation we are going for long drive and
suddenly we are caught in critical condition it may be acci-
dent. If we are ok and can help ourselves then it is ok but
what if we cant. Consider another condition if we found that our vehicle has been stolen we cant do anything as quick action. We are having so many technologies to overcome
such problem and provide artificial intelligent based system
to assist human in such a condition. Consider a vehicle had
an accident the sensor will activated automatic and start its surveillance mode. If user is ok and can help himself then he
will stop surveillance mode within given time period else
system will consider user need assistance and start auto con-
tacting with call center and specified person. Once the sys-
tem started in assistance mode first of all system will gather
the vehicle location using GPS device in the form of longi-
tude and latitude. This information is sent to the subscribed
numbers. Once the call center get the vehicle status it will
search for nearest hospital, ambulance service and contact
then to reach at accident location to help out the person.
Figure 2. Real Time Working of the System
System Architecture
The process of working of this project is explained as
follows. The total equipment of this project is placed inside a
vehicle is not visible to others. Here we have MEMS accel-
erometer which will sense the movements of the vehicle
continuously. When an accident occurs to the vehicle the
movement of the vehicle while the incident is occurring will
be detected by the MEMS and this information is given to
microcontroller. Here we use GPS module to track the loca-
tion of the vehicle where the accident has occurred. GPS can
get the graphical location of the vehicle. The location values
are given to microcontroller. Controller gives this infor-
mation to GSM module. By using GSM we can send the
message to family members, emergency medical service and
nearest hospital.
It also serves as an excellent safety system against
thefts. If a thief tries to forcefully open the door, the system
sends message to the owner instantly as alerting signal, thus
necessary actions can be carried out quickly. Also if the ve-
hicle is already blown away by thief and you failed to stop
him, a message sent as Info will get you back an acknowledgement message from the number installed in the
system stating current GPS location. Thus the owner may
further approach police for further actions and thus vehicle
can be obtained back.
A} Flowchart
The Flow Chart of the system is shown in the figure 3.
It shows the system is initialized on power ON. When the
system is detected to be abnormal, its confirmed that the accident has occurred. The MEMS acceleration of the vehi-
cle is detected to confirm the cause of the accident. As soon
as the accident is detected the command is scanned first and
it waits 10 seconds prior to initiate the process of tracing
location and sending short message. If it is a minor accident
then the rider itself can terminate the process. If it is a major
accident, after 10 seconds the message is sent automatically
to the authorized person, ambulance, and police after the
location is detected by the GPS.
Figure 3. Data Flow Diagram
Conclusion
The proposed work has delivered very reliable results of
accident identification, location and physiological parame-
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International Journal of Innovatory Research in Engineering and Technology IJIRET www.ijirusa.webs.com
Peer Reviewed Online International Journal Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2014 8
ters monitoring and transmission. The entire works have to
be integrated with the automobile to validate its functionality
and reliability. Thus this work will reduce the accident death
ratio in considerable amount even in rural roads. Then it has
a great importance in day to day life of the people in the
country like India. The complete integration with automo-
bile, the accident identification module will be fastened with
the standard Airbag ECU (Electronic Control Unit). This
will optimize the proposed technology to the maximum ex-
tent and deliver the best accident identification system. The
collision detection algorithm for the ECU of single point
sensing airbag system has enhanced accident detection sys-
tem to release the airbag provision in the present vehicles.
So, the present work will be fastened with this existing sys-
tem to provide the enhanced and instant result. Thus this
work will provide vital information about the accidents even
in unpopulated area. So, the emergence care center could be
able to serve to the victims with better efficiency and they
could plan to have important first aid kits which have to be
brought along with them to the accident spot. Also, theft
vehicle can be traced with accuracy with the same system
getting the GPS acknowledgement message instantly. Thus,
this proves a full-proof as well as cheap security system
which can be installed in any vehicle.
Acknowledgement
Nahar Dhruv and Chetan Adhikary are thankful to IJIR
Journal for the support to publish this research paper through
Mother Teresa Publishers.
References
[1] Manuel Fogue, Piedad Garrido, Francisco J. Martinez,
Juan-Carlose Cano, Carlose T. Calafate, Pietro Man-
zoni Automatic Accident Detection IEEE Vehicu-lar Technology Magazine, Sept 2012.
[2] Jhang Wen, Jiang Meng Design Of Vehicle Position-ing System Based On ARM Proceedings Of The IEEE Interntional Conference on Bussiness Manage-
ment and Electronic Information (BMEI), May 2011.
[3] Salas K Jose, X. Anitha Mary, Namitha Mathew
ARM 7 Based Accident Alert and Vehicle Tracking System International Journal of Innovative Technol-ogy and Exploring Engineering, March 2013.
[4] A. Sriram and P. Ramya Automatic Accident Notifi-cation System using GPS & GSM with 3G Technolo-
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March-2013.
[5] N. Jinaporn, S. Wisadsud, P. Nakonrat, A. Suriya,
"Security system against asset theft by using radio
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[6] Tsinghua Science and Technology ISSN 1007-0214
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Biographies
NAHAR DHRUV received his B.E.
degree in Electronics and Communi-
cation Engineering from the Karavali
institute of Technology under VTU
University, Mangalore, Karnataka, in
2012, and currently doing his M.Tech
degree in Electronics and Communi-
cation Engineering from the AMC
engineering college under VTU Uni-
versity Bangalore, Karnataka.
He may be reached at [email protected].
CHETAN ADHIKARY received
his B.E. degree in Electronics &
Communication Engineering from
the APS College of Engineering,
Bangalore, Karnataka in 2007, the
M.Tech degree in Electronics &
Communication Engineering from
the AMC college of Engineering,
Bangalore, Karnataka in 2011. Cur-
rently, he is an assistant Professor of
Electronics and Communication Engineering at AMC Engi-
neering College.
He may be reached at [email protected].