III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases...

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III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases

Transcript of III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases...

Page 1: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

III. Ideal Gas Law

Topic 10 Gases

Page 2: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

kn

VV

n

Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle• Equal volumes of gases contain equal

numbers of moles– at constant temp & pressure– true for any gas

Reminder: Molar Volume: The volume that 1 mole of gas occupies at STP. That volume is 22.4 L.

Page 3: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

• Example: A container hold 3.45 L of carbon dioxide at 1 atmosphere of pressure at 0 degrees Celsius. How many moles of carbon dioxide are in the container?

Page 4: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

PV

TVn

PVnT

A. Ideal Gas Law

= k

UNIVERSAL GAS CONSTANT

R=0.0821 Latm/molKR=8.314 LkPa/molK

= R

You don’t need to memorize these values!

Merge the Combined Gas Law with Avogadro’s Principle:

Page 5: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

• You can calculate the value…you just have to know if you are using atm or kPa for your pressure.

Page 6: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

A. Ideal Gas Law

UNIVERSAL GAS CONSTANT

R=0.0821 Latm/molKR=8.314 LkPa/molK

PV=nRT

You don’t need to memorize these values!

Page 7: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

GIVEN:

P = ? atm

n = 0.412 mol

T = 16°C = 289 K

V = 3.25 LR = 0.0821Latm/molK

WORK:

PV = nRT

P(3.25)=(0.412)(0.0821)(289) L mol Latm/molK K

P = 3.01 atm

C. Ideal Gas Law Problems• Calculate the pressure in atmospheres of

0.412 mol of He at 16°C & occupying 3.25 L.

Page 8: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

GIVEN:

V = ?

n = 85 g

T = 25°C = 298 K

P = 104.5 kPaR = 8.314 dm3kPa/molK

C. Ideal Gas Law Problems• Find the volume of 85 g of O2 at 25°C and

104.5 kPa.

= 2.7 mol

WORK:

85 g 1 mol = 2.7 mol

32.00 g

PV = nRT(104.5)V=(2.7) (8.315) (298) kPa mol dm3kPa/molK K

V = 64 dm3

Page 9: III. Ideal Gas Law Topic 10 Gases. V n Reminder: Avogadro’s Principle Equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of moles –at constant temp & pressure.

• P. 455: #26.• Determine the Celsius temperature of 2.49 mol of a gas contained in

a 1.00-L vessel at a pressure of 143 kPa.


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