IHDP_AR_2009

International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change

AnnuAl RepoRt

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2009 HiGHliGHts

iHDp open MeetinG 2009

The 7th International Science Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Change, organised by the IHDP Sec-retariat, took place in Bonn, Germany from 26-30 April 2009.

pRoJeCts in syntHesis stAGe

Three of IHDP’s projects are currently within their synthesis stage. The Global Environmental Change and Human Security (GECHS) Project held its synthesis con-ference in 2009 and is working on its synthesis publications. Additionally, the Industrial Transformation (IHDP-IT) and Global Environmental Change and Food Systems (GECAFS) Projects are both in the process of writing their synthesis books and are anticipating future activities within their respective fields.

Bonn DiAloGues on GloBAl CHAnGe

Continuing its series for the third year, IHDP, in conjunc-tion with the United Nations University Institute for Envi-ronment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), and the German Committee for Disaster Re-duction (DKKV), hosted two Bonn Dialogues on Energy and Food Security, and Living with Risk: Preparing for the Worst and Learning to Adapt.

elinoR ostRoM Wins noBel pRize

Elinor Ostrom, a former member of the IHDP Scien-tific Committee, shared the Nobel Prize in Economics. Elinor Ostrom has a long standing relationship with IHDP and has further initi-ated and participated in vari-ous activities over the past five years – including IHDP Open Meetings, International Hu-man Dimensions Workshops, and substantive contributions to IHDP’s Update Magazine.

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Earth SyStEm GovEr-nancE SciEncE Plan

In April 2009, the Earth System Governance Project finalised and published its Science Plan. The plan will guide the projects actions as a cross-cutting theme within IHDP Science throughout the projects ten year lifecycle.

ProjEct conFErEncES

The Earth System Gover-nance Project hosted the 2009 Amsterdam Conference on Global Environmental Change entitled “People, Places, and the Planet”. GECHS hosted its synthesis conference “Human Security in an Era of Global Change” and both the Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Proj-ect (UGEC) and Global Land Project (GLP) are planning back to back conferences in Arizona in 2010.

nEw ExEcutivE DirEctor

Following Dr Andreas Rech-kemmer’s term as Executive Director of the IHDP Secre-tariat, IHDP’s institutional sponsors have appointed Dr Anantha Kumar Duraiappah to take on the position. Dr Duraiappah officially began on January 1, 2010.

ihDP communication in nEw mEDia

IHDP Communications have widened the scope of their activities to further include the electronic media within its strategy. In the course of 2009, it opened Youtube and Facebook accounts, where in-terested parties can find infor-mation about, and get involved in, IHDP activities. In addition, IHDP’s traditional print publi-cations are now electronically distributed, this provides more interactive reading interfaces and the option to subscribe to electronic mailing lists.

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contEntS

50ESSP Joint Projects

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Global Carbon Project

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Global Environmental Change & Food Systems

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Global Environmental Change & Human Health

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Global Water System Project

2009 in rEviEw

6EditorialOran Young

8IntroductionAnantha Duraiappah

10IHDP Open Meeting 2009Social Challenges of Global ChangeFalk Schmidt

12Open Meeting Facts & Numbers

KEy outcomES

18Cutting-Edge Science

22Capacity Development

24Science–Policy Interaction

26Communications & Outreach

innovativE SciEncE

30IHDP Core Projects

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Earth System Governance

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Global Environmental Change & Human Security

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Global Land Project

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Industrial Transformation

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Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone

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Urbanization & Global Environmental Change

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64Project Initiatives

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Integrated Risk Governance

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Knowledge, Learning & Societal Change

70Sponsored Research Networks & Strategic Partners

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Mountain Research Initiative

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Population–Environment Research Network

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System for Analysis, Re-search & Training (START)

PEoPlE & numbErS

80About IHDP

82Budget & Finances

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2009 in rEviEw

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in the joint projects now operat-ing under the auspices of the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). IHDP has played a leading role in the work of the Global Environmental Change and Food Systems Proj-ect; the Global Carbon Project; the Global Water Systems Project and the Global Environmental Change and Human Health Project. A third example of this trend is the develop-ment over the last several years of the Earth System Governance Project. This initiative, organized as an IHDP core project, focuses explicitly on governance questions arising in conjunction with food systems, the carbon cycle, water systems, and so forth and fosters collaboration with natural scientists working within the ESSP community.

Now, we are poised to engage actively in new initiatives that will take this effort to understand the dynamics of coupled systems to a higher level. As the ICSU initia-tive on Grand Challenges in Global

The primary mission of the Inter-national Human Dimensions Pro-gramme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP) is to “foster, coor-dinate, and conduct social science research that helps to understand and address the challenges of global environmental change and improve societal responses”. Our basic strategy in pursuing this goal is to establish scientific networks or decentralized associations of researchers, whose interests converge around substantive themes and who are willing to coordi-nate their efforts through the develop-ment of common science plans that guide the work of the members of these networks. This gives rise to our activities known as core projects (e.g. Industrial Transformation, Global Environmental Change and Human Security, Urbanization and Global En-vironmental Change), each of which lasts about a decade and produces a stream of published research in which the whole is often greater than the sum of the parts.

This general mode of operation is likely to continue to character-ize our work during the foreseeable future. Yet, in substantive terms, the Programme has been evolving steadily toward a growing concern about the dynamics of coupled or socio–ecological systems in which human forces interact with biophysi-cal forces to determine the trajec-tories of these systems and (in the process) to control large scale issues like climate change and the main-tenance of biological diversity. One trend that reflects this development is the creation of projects spon-sored jointly with the International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme (IGBP). Whereas the first generation of IHDP core projects included one joint project, Land Use and Land Cover Change, we now have two joint core projects – the Global Land Project, and Land–Ocean Interac-tions in the Coastal Zone. Another significant step in this direction involves active IHDP engagement

thE Evolution oF ihDP: continuity anD chanGE

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Sustainability Research makes clear, enhanced contributions from the social sciences will be essential in meeting the “challenge of delivering to society the knowledge and sup-porting information necessary to as-sess the risks humanity is facing from global environmental change, and to understand how society can effec-tively mitigate dangerous changes and cope with the change that we cannot mitigate.” Among the critical challenges this effort has identified are: “Determining what institutional and behavioural changes can best en-sure global sustainability” and “De-veloping and evaluating innovative technological and social responses to achieve global sustainability.” Many members of the human dimensions community have played an active role in this ICSU-led process. IHDP intends to provide leadership as we move forward in addressing the Grand Challenges. The entire global environmental change research com-munity has come to recognize the

essential role of the human dimen-sions in the coupled systems that now dominate global processes. It is IHDP’s challenge to find ways to mobilize the relevant communities of social scientists to make critical con-tributions towards addressing these Grand Challenges.

Oran YoungChair, IHDP Scientific Committee

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ihDP: SciEntiFic crEDibility & Policy rElEvancE

with GECHS organising a highly successful synthesis conference in June 2009 in Oslo. The Earth System Governance Project was launched as a new IHDP core project in October 2008 and later presented at the in-ternational level during the Amster-dam Conference in December 2009.

Last but not least, the move of the IHDP Secretariat from the University of Bonn to the United Nations University in 2007 posed many challenges, as well as opportu-nities over the past two years, which I believe IHDP has faced admirably and under my term, this partnership will continue to grow.

It is an exciting time to be tak-ing up the post of Executive Direc-tor of the UNU-IHDP. The ICSU global visioning process, the Bel-mont process and the establishment of an intergovernmental science–policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services, pose many opportunities for IHDP. Moreover, the recognition by the international

2009 has been a year of change for IHDP, with the departure of Dr. Rechkemmer as Executive Direc-tor and the appointment of myself as the new head. There were many achievements during my predeces-sor’s term, including the integration of the IHDP Secretariat within the UNU family; the successful con-clusion of the 7th Open Meeting; the successful completion of the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change Project and the initiation of two more synthesis processes, as well as the beginning of the Earth System Governance Project.

The IHDP Open Meeting 2009, the world’s largest conference on the human dimensions of global environmental change, gathered 938 participants from 85 countries worldwide in Bonn, Germany, from 26-30 April. The organisation of the Open Meeting, “Social Challenges of Global Change”, took centre stage in the Secretariat’s activities in the

period from September 2008 to June 2009. The conference attracted 1,142 paper and poster submissions, four plenary sessions with high level keynote speakers, and 91 parallel sessions with 395 presentations. Thanks to the support of IHDP’s projects and leading scientists, as well as the financial sponsors of the conference, 80 highly qualified young researchers from developing countries were selected for a stipend to allow their attendance and several follow-up seminars to the 2008 IHDW series. Further, the nature of IHDP’s network and the success of its capacity development efforts are reflected in the fact that 50 percent of the Open Meeting’s participants were 40 years of age or younger.

2009 also saw the completion of the Industrial Transformation (IHDP-IT) and the Global Environ-mental Change and Human Security (GECHS) Projects. Both projects started their respective synthesis, taking stock of ten years of research,

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scientific community of the impor-tance of social science research in advancing our understanding of both global environmental change and the necessary actions to address these changes, places IHDP at the forefront of global environmental change research and policy for the foreseeable future. At the same time, the increasing prominence of environmental issues on the policy agenda, suggests a growing demand for policy relevant knowledge to better understand human values and behaviour on environmental changes and the appropriate policy options that will be needed to ad-dress the environmental challenges coming over the next few decades.

IHDP has been successful in the generation of new knowledge on the human dimensions of environ-mental change. The challenge now though, is to undertake strategic knowledge generation, such that it can support decision-making at various levels on the critical envi-

ronmental challenges that human-ity faces at this time and in the immediate future. We need to do better, both in the synthesis and use of knowledge. We will also pay more attention towards building the capacity of scientists, especially young scientists and scientists from developing countries, equipping them with the ability to generate, as-sess and use knowledge for address-ing the human dimensions of global environmental change.

For my first two years, IHDP will focus on producing the follow-ing deliverables:

Improved understanding of hu-•man values, behaviour, and the notion of equity and fairness, as they relate to global environmental change;Building the next generation of so-•cial scientists by forging strategic partnerships with academic and scientific organisations; Policy relevant guidance and sup-•port; and Efficient, effective and results-•based management.

I am confident that IHDP will be: Recognised by the various social •science communities as the leading organisation to which they can turn, to receive support for new, innovative research ideas and have their voice heard in the policy making arena; Recognised by other scientific •communities as both the lead organisation offering a common

voice of the social science platform and the gateway to social science networks and knowledge; and Recognised by the policy commu-•nity as the authoritative voice and lead organisation for the social sci-ence academic community, as well as the gateway to social science networks and knowledge.Finally, I give my thanks to the

donors and supporters of IHDP. I look forward to your continued and increased support in the com-ing years, especially in light of the increasing demand for the social sciences to take a more active role in addressing global environmental challenges. I look forward to work-ing with many of you over the com-ing years and work tirelessly towards achieving our common objective – making this world a better place to live in for both present and future generations.

Anantha Kumar DuraiappahIHDP Executive Director

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both the Global Land Project (GLP) and the Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone Project (LOICZ), both of which presented their work in ongoing activities, such as cou-pled modelling (GLP) and work on coastal zone governance (LOICZ). Finally, sessions of the Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Project (UGEC) highlighted, among other things, the special role of cities for climate change adaptation.

In addition to the conferences 91 sessions, a total of 25 special sessions and events were held. For example, a joint session with IHDP’s partner Programmes IGBP and WCRP, as well as ESSP, was one highlight of the conference. Further, IHDP was pleased to have strong Partners such as the World Bank (who presented the work of their program, “Social Dimensions of Climate Change”); the European As-sociation of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI); the Research Institute for Humanity and

The IHDP Open Meeting 2009 (7th in the Open Meeting series), was the first one influenced by the IHDP Strategic Plan 2007-2015. The title “Social Challenges of Global Change” reflected a concerted effort to further broaden the scope of the human dimensions research agenda. Demographic challenges, as well as challenges stemming from issues of social equity and cohesion, were highlighted during the conference and presented a move towards a broader spectrum of themes to be addressed by IHDP.

Central to IHDP’s Open Meet-ing 2009 were contributions from IHDP’s core and joint projects as well as endorsed research networks. New directions in human dimensions research were further presented by new Programme initiatives. A joint session of the Earth System Gover-nance Project, the Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project), and the Knowledge, Learning, and Societal Change initiative (KLSC),

attracted a wide audience which debated new research directions. All three initiatives were also crucial for the conference day on “Adaptive Institutions & Governance”.

The title “Social Challenges of Global Change” reflected a con-certed effort to further broaden the scope of the human dimen-sions research agenda.

The GECHS Project presented its work of ten years research in the run-up to its own synthesis confer-ence; the IHDP-IT Project (also in synthesis) played an active role in shaping the overall agenda for the conference day on “Resources & Technological Innovations”, and fur-ther presented its findings and invit-ed the community to think about the future research agenda in this field. The IGBP and IHDP co-sponsor

ihDP oPEn mEEtinG 2009 Social challEnGES oF Global chanGE

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Nature (RIHN), Kyoto, Japan; and the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety. Additionally, the US Committee on the Human Dimensions of Global Change, in collaboration with IHDP, presented new directions in resilience research, while the German Committee on Global Change Research focused on Integrative Approaches in global change research, both of which high-light the contributions of only two very strong IHDP committees.

The Open Meetings represent a capacity building effort per se. 80 scholars from developing countries were supported in attending and presenting at the conference and IHDP is pleased with the support it received from its donors (see p. 84). Follow-up seminars to the Interna-tional Human Dimensions Workshop 2008 also took place. A session joint-ly organised by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research and IHDP emphasised the role of

governance research in the Americas, and the meeting of IHDP’s National Committees, who explored synergies and potential for further collabora-tion, was held, too. The success of the Programmes capacity building efforts is further reflected in the fact that 50% of 938 participants were 40 years old or younger.

Finally, the IHDP Open Meet-ing 2009 paid much attention to the interface of science and practice during the conference, building on a scientific agenda that addressed some of the most pressing issues of our time. Using its status as one of the largest Bonn based UN confer-ences of 2009, IHDP was able to at-tract exciting keynote speakers from the policy realm, complementing contributions from leading scholars in human dimensions research. For example, Dessima Williams from the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) and an eminent voice in the run-up to and at Copenhagen’s COP 15, addressed the plenary on

Equity and Social Cohesion. About 30 delegates from the AOSIS group participated in the Open Meeting for one day and attended several ses-sions to learn and exchange ideas on adaptive management. Each day of the conference concluded with a se-ries of public events, which enabled the wider public from the region to receive exposure to cutting-edge research; experiment with new forms of presenting; and further debate hot issues. A fiery debate in a crowded plenary hall on the “Role of Science in the 21st Century” was a true high-light of the meeting, as was “Catas-trophe Sells”, a roundtable on the role of the media in global environmental change, again, just to mention two out of five public events. The Open Meeting thus provides researchers with a great opportunity to present the policy relevance of their work.

Feedback from participants was very encouraging. Session conveners were highly positive, with 88% of

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them grading the sessions with excel-lent or good grades. Scientific value of individual presentations has been rated even better, with 93% of session conveners finding them to be good or excellent. Feedback provided by all participants graded the confer-ence as “good”, and the possibilities for networking, as well as the quality of plenary sessions, received particu-larly high grades.

The IHDP Open Meeting 2009 built on a scientific agenda that addressed some of the most pressing issues of our time.

Finally, more than a dozen offi-cial IHDP governance meetings were held back to back with the Open Meeting. This contributed to a high cost-efficiency not only for the con-ference, but for the wider purposes of the Programme and helped reduce the carbon footprint of the IHDP

community, something IHDP strived for with its “greening of the Open Meeting initiative”, which was well perceived by the participants.

The Secretariat is proud of hav-ing delivered a widely praised and respected IHDP Open Meeting 2009. Scholars, previously active in IHDP, stated their desire to become active again after this conference. These are true success stories of the IHDP Open Meeting 2009.

Falk SchmidtTask Force Leader, IHDP Open Meeting 2009Academic Officer, IHDP Secretariat

National Science Founda-•tion, USA German Science Year 2009 •Ministry for Education and •Research, GermanyMinistry for the Environ-•ment, Nature Conserva-tion and Nuclear Safety, Germany Social Dimensions of Cli-•mate Change Program, The World Bank City of Bonn •Deutsche Bank •European Association of •Development Research and Training Institutes, Germany Research Institute for Hu-•manity and Nature, Japan Deutsche Welle •BMW Group •and many others •

oPEn mEEtinG SPonSorS

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ParticiPant

numbErS

ParticiPant

aGE-GrouPS

based on 397 partici-pants who provided their birth date

23%age 21-30

30%age 31-40

24%age 41-50

13%age 51-60

10%age 61-70

938 participants

attending

85countries

represented

78participants that

received stipends

oPEn mEEtinG FactS & numbErS

thE Social challEnGES oF

Global chanGE

The theme of the 7th Open Meeting, “Social Challenges of Global Change,” responds to the important changes in the perspective of the scientific community on the challenges we are currently facing, and outlines the new research agenda for IHDP’s second decade.

Participants

With various backgrounds both geographically and professionally, the mix of researchers presenting at the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 created a motivating and rewarding dialogue.

Participants coming from 85 countries shared their knowledge at the conference. 43 percent were female, highlighting a fair gender distribution. Half of the participants were young scientists, under the age of 40, which means that the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 was successful in attracting both the young and the experienced, and ensuring a represen-tative audience that provided stimu-lating and fruitful discourses on the social challenges of global change.

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“I feel like this or-ganisation has the potential to bring together diverse communities, but only by think-ing of itself more broadly.”lori hunter

whitE couch

What is the biggest Social Challenge of Global Change? Do you see the role of human dimen-sions research in answering it? Dur-ing the conference IHDP gathered the views of more than 40 participants at the white couch. (available online)

Voices from the Open Meeting

Public Roundtables

The five public roundtables of the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 gathered a set of high-level panel-lists to engage with conference participants and the general public about the most pressing social challenges of our day.

IHDP’s top level scientists began the series of roundtables both by the role of modern science in addressing the social challenges of global change and providing a platform for participants and the public to join the debate about the importance of human dimen-sions research. The roundtable “Catastrophe Sells” discussed the difficulties of reporting environ-mental news, concluding that so long as the facts remain clear, fresh reporting, sound bytes, and a touch of catastrophe, may be just what are needed to get the message across. In the roundtable on e-Health and Telemedicine, panellists presented and discussed the role of these new technolo-gies. United Nations Ambassadors from Small Island States joined in a panel on Adaptive Capacities of Small Island States against Large-Scale Environmental Change. The “Global Equity, Local Needs” roundtable covered the challenges and barriers related to equity on various levels.

New Projects and Initiatives

IHDP research projects are at the fore-front of human dimensions research, setting long-term research agendas in their respective fields. How do such new projects emerge? How are ideas and research challenges translated into an initiative project? A special ses-sion of the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 presenting the new IHDP research activities addresses these questions. The newest projects presented the conceptual framework behind their science plans from the points-of-view of a newly approved project, Earth System Governance; a project awaiting approval, Integrated Risk Governance; and a project in the writing stages of it’s science plan, Knowledge, Learning and Societal Change.

“The interest of a conference like this is to bring the current line of thought on development is-sues back into the current thought in our countries”humphrey

ngala ndi

“It is a very inter-esting crowd of people. I like the interdisciplinarity that is present at the meeting... It’s not only senior people coming... but students from all over the world.”wolfgang lutz

SuPPortinG DEvEloPinG

rESEarchErS

A significant number of re-searchers who presented at the conference (11.5 percent in all) received stipends that largely secured their participation costs. This was a major factor in achieving the conference’s remarkable diversity of partici-pants. (see p. 82 for figures)

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Plenary Sessions

SESSion numbErS

91 parallel sessions

395papers presented

1142submissions

25special sessions

and events

SElEctED SESSion toPicS

aDaPtivE inStitutionS &

GovErnancE

Using the United Nations, sovereignty of states, and the private and public sectors as examples, this session intro-duced the role of governance in achieving environmental, socio–economic, and political sustainability.

Social Equity, &

SuStainablE aDaPtation

Integrating scientific human security concepts into practice was the focus of this session. Speakers highlighted the role of climate change within rising environmental inequi-ties, the need for international reprioritisation of equity and development goals.

rESourcES & tEchnoloGi-

cal innovation

In this session, keynote speakers explained the crucial role of technology in decoupling welfare from the imprint we leave on global systems and encouraged the audience to increase resource productivity five-fold in the next 50 years.

DEmoGraPhicS

The first plenary session on the challenge of demographics in a rapidly changing world focused on the interactions between global change and human health, urbanisation, pollution and resource use in relation to modern population dynamics.

arctic regions

biomass and bioenergy

carbon management

conflicts

Democratic Procedures

Energy use

Environmental Education

Gender

historical climate

change

human Security

Knowledge Systems

Path Dependence

Policy networks

Populations

Displacement

Poverty reduction

Public health

resources management

risk Governance

technological

innovations

urbanization

vulnerability, resilience

and adaptation

water and land

Parallel Sessions

Parallel sessions are the core of IHDP Open Meetings. The work presented at these sessions represents the cut-ting-edge of current human dimen-sions research. With a total of 1142 abstracts submitted and reviewed for the IHDP Open Meeting 2009, almost 400 of the best scientific pa-pers (following a competitive review process), were either presented as posters or in oral form at one of the conferences’ 91 parallel sessions. The topics represented the wide array of research on the social challenges of global change and included contribu-tions from both social and natural scientists working in the human dimensions of global environmental change field.

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Special Events

GrEEn mEEtinG

In an effort to cre-ate awareness about the greenhouse gas emissions involved in the diverse travel aspects of such international conferences, IHDP provided public transportation passes to all partici-pants and strongly encouraged carbon calculation and offsetting through CO2OL.

Global nEtworK

Thirty-one IHDP national represen-tatives attended the National Committees Meet-ing where each representative gave a short overview of their committee’s work, and further discussed both their role within IHDP and meth-ods for overcom-ing the obstacles they face.

booK launch

The book ‘Facing Global Environ-mental Change’ which was launched at the Open Meeting, covers a wide scope of environ-mental human security issues ranging from water to gender and takes an innovative approach with its sectorialization of security.

SciEncE yEar

To bridge the gap between science and social trans-formation, IHDP and the German Science Year 2009 hosted five public roundtable events, and invited 75 high-school level students to attend the conference and join them in a special seminar with senior IHDP researchers.

linKinG amEricaS

In a special session, IHDP, the Earth Systems Gover-nance Project, and the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research, emphasised the need for a joint initiative to help adapt governance to the pressures and opportunities presented by global change.

Exhibition

Twenty-five minis-tries, government agencies, NGOs, and private com-panies presented their vision for a sustainable future in the light-flooded Rhine Lobby. IHDP projects and partners collec-tively showcased their work in the main lobby of the WCCB.

to discuss new and relevant research topics, and to begin defining the way forward.

With 12 sessions, and more than 60 scientific papers submitted, GECHS and its partners presented current work in the field of human security, and discussed the evolution of thought on this topic. The GECHS sessions covered important aspects of the social challenges of global change, including: How to approach threats to human security; emerging new vulnerabilities in megacities and

IT and GECHS Synthesis

Two of IHDP’s core projects, Indus-trial Transformation (IHDP-IT) and Global Environmental Change and Human Security (GECHS), used the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 as a plat-form to present the synthesis of their ten years of research.

Focusing on sustainability transitions, IHDP-IT presented its work in multiple sessions. In addi-tion, a roundtable session on techno-logical innovations brought together scientists interested in continuing research on industrial transformation

its implications for human security; interactions between globalization and global environmental change; and limits and barriers to climate change adaptation.

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Young Scholar Support

Supporting young and emerging scholars, especially from the devel-oping world, has always been a core concern of the IHDP research com-munity. That more than 50 percent of the Open Meeting participants were aged 40 or younger reflects the suc-cess of these capacity building efforts over the past decade.

The IHDP Open Meeting 2009 secured an unprecedented grant amount of 164,000 USD for par-ticipant support: 78 highly quali-fied young researchers received a

$32,500 nSF (uSa)

$14,800 nrc (norway)

$17,800 inter-ameri-can institute

$10,000 nrF (South africa)

$25,000 asia Pacific network

$63,900 bmbF (Germany)

younG Scholar

SuPPortErS

oPEn mEEtinG incomE DiStribution

15% Grants

5% in-kind contributions

8% conference Exhibition

22% Partnership agreements

50% registration Fees

Open Meeting Finances

Human dimensions research lives and thrives through the interac-tion and inspiration provided by the IHDP Open Meetings. The global community enthusiastically endorsed last year’s conference, securing a largely self-sustaining event. Of a total conference budget of roughly 400,000 USD (excluding partici-pant support), eighty-five percent was raised though registration fees, agreements with strong ‘partners of the conference’ ranging from the Japan-based Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) to the World Bank to the German Year of Science, and from exhibitors in an exciting and well-populated exhibi-tion space.

Complemented by a small opera-tional grant of the US NSF and staff resources from the IHDP Secretariat, this successful strategy secured an in-viting and attractive conference venue, as did the invitation of around thirty high-level speakers and panellists.

stipend to allow their attendance in the conference and several follow-up seminars to the IHDW 2008 series. Selected through a strict process based on both academic merit and regional balance, these young and emerging scholars presented unique views and innovative research, con-tributing significantly to the success of the conference.

Further stipends could be pro-vided for several young scholars to attend the GECHS synthesis confer-ence in Oslo.

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cuttinG-EDGE SciEncE

research. By putting people in the centre of analysis, GECHS has been able to re-shape the global envi-ronmental change discourse and has opened it up for a wider social science audience. In talking about sustainable adaptation, GECHS is at the fore of shaping the hot debate about adaptation, among others, in the light of equity and values, as well as sustainability. As part of its synthesis activities, GECHS created a true “firework display” of top-class publications, including the award winning book from Robin Leichenko and Karen O’Brien “Environmental Change and Globalization: Double Exposure”. Supported by the IHDP Secretariat, GECHS also co-edited the IHDP Update Magazine 2/2009 on the GECHS synthesis, introduc-

The science highlight of the Pro-gramme in 2009 was certainly the IHDP Open Meeting. However, several other highlights took place in the year as well, an example of which is the current ICSU Earth System Visioning Process, which aims at developing a new vision and strategic framework for earth system research. IHDP is an ac-tive participant in the process and throughout the deliberations it became clear that future research in this realm will depend heav-ily on the contributions from the social sciences, if it is meant to be a new framework for cutting-edge, integrative, problem-driven and policy relevant science. Based on the Strategic Plan 2007-2015 – a direct response to the external review

commissioned by ICSU – IHDP has positioned itself to meet the expec-tations for social science research for the next decade. Finally, the new momentum for human dimensions research coincided in 2009 with the Nobel Prize in Economics given to Elinor Ostrom, a former member of the IHDP Scientific Committee, who remains an active member of the IHDP community.

GECHS Synthesis 2009Within the Programme, the

Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) convened its synthesis conference in June 2009 “Human Security in an Era of Global Change”, synthesising ten years of research and debating future activities in human security

ihDP & ProjEct

PublicationS

18Books

161Peer-Reviewed Articles

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ing the outcomes of the project to the global IHDP community.

Governance as an IHDP Cross-Cutting Theme

Another highlight in 2009 is represented by the IHDP Update Magazine Issue 3, 2009 on “Gover-nance as a Cross-cutting Theme in Human Dimensions Science”. This issue was not only produced for the “2009 Amsterdam Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. Earth System Governance: People, Places, and the Planet”, but also puts IHDP’s cross-cutting theme on “Governance and Institutions” into the practice of research. Based on the contributions of virtually all IHDP core and joint projects, it demonstrates that a) gov-

ernance research is indeed an inte-gral part of all IHDP activities and b) broad thematic foci exist, i.e. IHDP’s cross-cutting themes that capture the wealth of research done within IHDP in a meaningful, coherent, and Programme wide manner. The Earth System Governance Project, IHDP’s flagship on governance research, ad-dresses some of the questions world leaders currently face, such as the right mix of integration and fragmen-tation in international environmental governance. Its new top-class book series on Earth System Governance will provide answers to this.

Project HighlightsThe subsequent contributions

by IHDP’s projects present a multi-tude of true highlights and the reader

is encouraged to consult project websites or contact the Secretariat, as well as the project offices, directly. Without doing justice to each activ-ity, only a selection of some high-lights can be added here.

In the run-up to its own synthesis event in 2010, IHDP-IT continued its work on the special role of sustainability experiments, in the light of its overall research agenda on transformative changes towards more sustainable development pathways. The Global Land Project (GLP) further advanced its work on coupled models of human and natural processes of the terrestrial biosphere and a special feature “Land Change Science”, has received the 2009 Sustainability Science Award of the Ecological Society of America.

ProjEct liFEcyclES

IHDP projects have a lifecycle of about ten years which is divided into the initiation, implementa-tion, and synthesis stages. The newest projects are moving into the core implementation stage. three projects are already well into their synthesis stages, and a fourth is joining them in the coming year.

6Core Projects

4Joint Projects

2Project Initiatives

initiation imPlEmEntation SynthESiS

ESG Year 2

GEchh Year 2

GwSP Year 5

GcP Year 7

GEcaFS Year 9

GlP Year 3

loicz Year 6

GEchS Year 9

it Year 10

uGEc Year 3

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UGEC, who focused, for example, on the role of cities in climate change, represent-ed IHDP at the First World Social Science Forum (organised by ISSC in 2009) and got involved in START’s Cities at Risk initiative and others. Additionally, UGEC is currently planning for a joint Open Science Meeting with GLP in what is sure to be a true Programme highlight in 2010. In 2009, LOICZ convened a Dahlem-type workshop “Global Environmental Change in the Coastal Zone: A Socio-Ecological Integration”, which represented a mid-term synthesis of this very productive and effective project that is actively involved in many processes in science and policy related to coastal zones. Finally, new re-search activities currently in the pipeline will further complement the portfolio of IHDP and present their initial results in this annual report as well.

national

committEES

ArgentinaBoliviaBrazilBulgariaChinaCote d’IvoireJapanKenyaMexicoNepalNigeriaRussiaSpainSwitzerlandTaiwanUnited KingdomUSA

BangladeshBelarusBurkina FasoCameroonCanadaChileCosta RicaCzech RepublicEcuadorGeorgia

GhanaGuatamalaIndiaIndonesiaMalaysiaPakistanPortugalSlovakiaTanzania

AustriaBotswanaD.R. CongoFinlandFranceGermanyNetherlands

New ZealandNorwayRomaniaThailandVietnam

national contact PointS

Global chanGE committEES

IHDP Global Network

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IHDP Research Worldwide

Albania •Andorra •Argentina •Armenia •Australia •Austria •Azerbaijan •Bangladesh •Belarus •Belgium •Benin •Bolivia •Bosnia and •Herzegovina Botswana •

Brazil •Brunei •Bulgaria •Burkina •Faso Burma •Burundi •Cambodia •Cameroon •Canada •Chile •China •Colombia •Costa Rica •Croatia •

New •Zealand Niger •Nigeria •Norway •Pakistan •Paraguay •Peru •Philippines •Poland •Polynesia •Portugal •Republic of •Macedonia Romania •

Russia •Rwanda •San Marino •Scotland •Senegal •Serbia •Singapore •Slovakia •Slovenia •Solomon •Islands South Africa •Spain •Sri Lanka •Sudan •

Sweden •Switzerland •Taiwan •Tanzania •Thailand •Turkey •Uganda •Ukraine •United Kingdom •United States •of America Vatican City •Venezuela •Vietnam •

Cuba •Cyprus •Czech •RepublicDenmark •Ecuador •Egypt •Eritrea •Estonia •Finland •France •Georgia •Germany •Ghana •Greece •

Lithuania •Luxembourg •Madagascar •Malaysia •Malta •Mexico •Moldova •Monaco •Mongolia •Montenegro •Morocco •Mozambique •Namibia •Nepal •Netherlands •

Guinea •Hungary •Iceland •India •Indonesia •Iran •Ireland •Italy •Japan •Kazakhstan •Kenya •Lao PDR •Latvia •Lesotho•Liechtenstein •

110Countries

500+Active Project Researchers

IHDP projects are present in a majority of countries, and are driven by a huge network of active researchers across the globe.

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caPacity DEvEloPmEnt

The term “capacity development” re-fers here to both the building of new capacities and expansion of existing ones. Capacity development is an important cross-cutting activity for all global environmental change pro-grammes, and especially for IHDP.

As a part of its Strategic Plan 2007‒2015, IHDP has called for in-creased activities in this area through some important capacity development initiatives, such as the International Human Dimensions Workshops (IH-DWs). The IHDWs are one of IHDP’s flagship activities, having trained about 200 young scientists in the biennial courses since 1998 on key issues of human dimensions research. Their training workshops are linked to both IHDP core projects and ESSP projects. During the IHDP Open Meeting 2009,

three of five seminars from the Delhi IHDW 2008 reconvened.

The linking of international with regional and national research agen-das has been gaining importance with global change programmes. In 2009, members of IHDP’s global network (composed of IHDP National Commit-tees, Global Change Committees, and National Contact Points) continued to undertake an array of activities focus-ing on the topic of human dimensions of global environmental change.

Many of IHDP’s National Com-mittees are very well advanced intel-lectual resources and many are also being used to build research capac-ity. So far, IHDP’s ‘Seed Grants’ were used to set up National Committees, which are perceived as an effective tool to broaden the IHDP network and

particularly to reach out to developing countries.

In the last two and a half years, National Committees and Global Change Committee members have organised international and national scientific conferences on various physi-cal and social aspects of global change; supported and initiated research projects; held workshops and summer schools; and had their work published in multiple academic magazines and books. A synthesis of these activities, publications, activities and news is disseminated worldwide through the IHDP National Committees Bulle-tin, distributed three times a year by IHDP’s Secretariat.

This global network and their activities are important to the goals of IHDP, as they support capacity de-

caPacity DEvEloPmEnt at

thE oPEn mEEtinG

The IHDP provided many capacity development oppor-tunities for young researchers including stipends, reduced rates for students, follow-up activities from the Interna-tional Human Dimensions Workshops, and public events.

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intErnShiP ExPEriEncE viSitinG Scholar

the programme affords to them. The alumni named as strengths in particu-lar: The international nature of the IHDP that gives the opportunity to share and exchange ideas on a broader scale; the internationally mixed team, with different ways of thinking, behav-iour and culture as both a challenge and an opportunity; the IHDP’s strong network including scientists, policy makers and other research institutes; the good working experience including development of practical office and or-ganizational skills; the team work expe-rience as interns and scholars are given responsibility and seen as full members of the team; and the attractiveness to increase the possibility of employment after the end of the programme.

velopment, cutting-edge science, and science–policy interaction in their own countries, expanding IHDP’s reach beyond just its projects and the IHDP Secretariat.

In 2009, the IHDP Secretariat continued to intensify its contact with these committees, which led to a lively and constructive debate during a special session of committee members, back-to-back with the IHDP Open Meeting 2009. The IHDP Scientific Committee has responded to this by forming an informal working group to look into the IHDP-National Commit-tees relationship.

The IHDP Secretariat has con-tinued its collaboration with START and is also actively contributing to the CoDATE group to organise the forth-coming ISSC capacity development

programme ‘One-Planet – Worlds Apart’ focusing on the global South. CoDATE was set up to advise ISSC on the detailed design and implementa-tion of actions intended to assist the positive and rigorous development of the social sciences in developing and transition economies within the next three years. Such actions will include mapping social science training and development needs and enhancing the impact of funding research capacity development. New IHDP initiatives in this field will be based on the results of the process.

Furthermore, after complet-ing the first cycle of its IHDP Visiting and Resident Scholars Programme, a primary evaluation of the programme conducted by the scholars themselves confirmed the sense of opportunity

It was important to be closer to and learn more about IHDP’s network, and how Open Meetings are organised. Cristina Yumie Aoki Inoue, Brazil

My internship at the IHDP Secretariat has given me deep insight into the insti-tutional framework where science and policy interact, and. the chance to interact with senior re-searchers and desicion-makers, thus better grasping the essence of current debates.Cristobal Reveco, Chile

viSitinG Scholar ExPEriEncES

I had a unique opportunity to share my research findings and prospects in an academic milieu, which integrated a wide variety of experiences and perspectives, including high quality professional and academic staff. Further, I was in an advantageous position

to participate in international meetings, to interact with high-quality international researchers, and actively learn from an interna-tional agency about research management. Ana Peña del Valle, Mexico

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SciEncE–Policy intEraction

meets the policy and societal demands for cutting-edge science during the event. In addition, the discussiondur-ing the event addressed the still re-maining knowledge–action-gap, and a debate took place that focused on what science could do to further improve its usefulness for political processes, such as the international climate change negotiations.

Several highlights regarding the science–policy interaction from the projects can be listed. These can be broadly distinguished as a) contributions to international pro-cesses (see above) and b) scientific topics at the heart of the science–policy interface.

Research in the human di-mensions of global environmental change is addressing some of the

Although a series of significant science–policy events at the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 attracted a great audience, other similar highlights for 2009 must be mentioned here. For example, IHDP is a co-sponsor of the “Bonn Dialogues on Global Change”, an outreach event addressing the wider public in Bonn, as well as col-leagues from other UN agencies. In 2009, one Dialogue on “Living with Risk” took place in conjunction with the UNESCO conference on Sustain-able Development; a second Dia-logue, in the run-up to the COP15 in Copenhagen, explored the linkages and tensions between Energy and Food Security.

IHDP representatives attended COP15 in Copenhagen, together with IGBP and its institutional sponsors

ICSU, ISSC, and UNU, and maintained a frequently visited exhibition booth. In addition to several contributions from various members of the com-munity to a multitude of side events, IHDP and IGBP convened a very well attended side event on “Science, Soci-ety, and Adaptation”. On the one hand, the event demonstrated that research framed in the context of adaptation requires contributions from both natu-ral and social sciences. On the other hand, as the focus in science and policy increasingly shifts to response options and solutions, the crucial role for social sciences provides IHDP with great momentum and raises high expecta-tions for its future contributions. Mak-ing use of insights of projects under synthesis (i.e. GECHS and IHDP-IT), particularly demonstrated how IHDP

ihDP contributionS to

intErnational ProcESSES

IHDP projects were present at the Copenhagen Climate Change Congress in March 2009, presenting their cutting-edge work in the run-up to COP15. In 2009, the planning process for IPCC’s 5th Assess-ment Report kept researchers

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bution to various assessments and international forums, such as the 5th Urban Research Symposium on “Cities and Climate Change. Responding to an Urgent Agenda” held in Marseille, France; involvement of scholars from the Earth System Governance Project in discussions about Interna-tional Environmental Gover-

nance within the context of the UN Environment Programme; LOICZ’s contributions, to the Arctic Regional Assessment and the IW Science Project of the Global Environment Facility (GEF), executed by UNU-INWEH; as well as the Secretariat’s engagement in consultations concerning an Earth Summit 2012 (Rio+20).

Special Report on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation”. Other international pro-cesses included, among others: IHDP’s contribution to the annual meeting of the Subsid-iary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) of UNFCCC; UGEC’s contri-

busy and the final outline of this Report provides the hu-man dimensions community with significant opportuni-ties to contribute its research findings to the IPCC agenda. Among others, GECHS and UGEC were very active in this planning process. In addi-tion, GECHS further helped to establish the new IPCC

most challenging issues of the 21st century. The Industrial Transforma-tion (IHDP-IT) Project, for example, investigates transformative changes, as opposed to incremental changes, which is critical for identifying strategies and policies that would stimulate the occurrence of sustain-able development pathways. While the rhetoric in science and policy is currently changing from “challenges towards solutions”, the findings expected from the IHDP-IT Project will deliver insights into possible solutions by addressing in-depth bar-riers of change, stickiness of estab-lished socio-technological regimes, the right mix of policy instruments to foster change, and the multi-level and multi-actor character that have to be taken into account.

During its life-span, the Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) was able to redefine global environmental change as an issue of individual and societal vulnerability and capability, using the human security framework. The project has not only reached out early to the development research com-munity in general, it also frames the debate about “Sustainable Adaptation” and hence, one of the most prominent research agendas these days.

Be it the Urbanization and Global Environmental Change (UGEC) Project’s involvement in de-bates about climate change and the role of cities, GLP’s contributions to a better understanding of coupled socio–ecological systems, or the Land–Ocean Interaction in Coastal

Zones (LOICZ) Project’s work on coastal governance, for example in the Arctic, all IHDP projects – com-plemented by the work of its ESSP joint projects – contribute highly policy relevant science to meet the social challenges of global change. Finally, special attention in 2009, was given to the newly established Earth System Governance Project. If global environmental change is indeed human induced and aggra-vated by human actions, the role of effective governance arrangements is key. The high degree of attention that the project’s research agenda has attracted already confirms that this initiative adds a crucial contri-bution to IHDP’s research portfolio towards meeting the demands from policy and society.

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Hospital

YES! NO!NO! NO! YES!YES!

Governanceas a Cros

Human Dimensions Science

communicationS & outrEach

uPDatE maGazinES 2009

Global Environmental Change and Human Health Project (GECHH); and dissemination material for the future LOICZ, UGEC and GLP con-ferences to be held in 2010.

While the IHDP website (www.ihdp.unu.edu and www.ihdp.org) has been further upgraded after 2008’s relaunch, including the interactive Ask an Expert section, the Internet has also been used to promote and disseminate the outcomes of the IHDP Open Meeting 2009. Rich multimedia content is available next to abstracts, full papers and reports at www.openmeeting2009.org. IHDP was further able to produce profes-sionally edited videos of key events of the Open Meeting, which are currently made available to world-wide audiences via IHDP’s profile on

All projects report and publish extensively on their work. The IHDP Secretariat itself is responsible for the reporting of network activities and scientific developments, as well as the production of information materials, having also co-published several scientific publications. Se-lected outputs for 2009 include three peer-reviewed IHDP Update Maga-zines on the Social Challenges of Global Change (which includes some of the best rated scientific articles submitted to the IHDP Open Meet-ing 2009); Human Security in an Era of Global Change (on the Global En-vironmental Change and Human Se-curity [GECHS] research synthesis); and Governance as a Cross-Cutting Theme in Human Dimensions Sci-ence (on the new IHDP core science

project Earth System Governance). The IHDP Secretariat also continued to distribute its quarterly E-Zine newsletter to an audience of 4,500 subscribers from the global change community.

Pursuing its call as a service unit to its research projects, the Secretariat coordinated, designed and published a significant amount of dissemination material for its core and joint science projects, as well as endorsed research networks and stra-tegic partners. Included within this material were, among others, a series of informative banners reflecting the profile, goals and main activities of each project, a corporate image, new brochures and the Science Plan for the Earth System Governance Project; a corporate identity for the

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bonn DialoGuES ProjEct

ProDuctS

EarthSystem GovernancePeople, Places, and the Planet

IHDP supports its newest projects by providing commu-nications services, which include the design of logos, dis-semination materi-als, and products.

ihDP oPEn

mEEtinG 2009

wEbSitE

Taking advantage of the benefits of new media, the conference website presents conference results in text, video, and visual form.

Youtube (www.youtube.com/user/IHDPSecretariat).

Science–policy interaction is a top priority for IHDP in its second decade. Continuing with its efforts to address the increased demand for policy relevant research, and in close cooperation with the Secretariat Science Unit, the IHDP Communica-tions Unit intensified its activities in the area of public awareness and out-reach. The IHDP Open Meeting 2009 featured a series of highly attractive public panels every evening. Topics ranged from the role of the media when reporting on global change to ‘Science in the 21st century’, tele-medicine, equity, and gender issues. The panellists - decision makers, researchers, and journalists - an-swered questions from a broad audi-

ence. All the events were covered by the German media and by specialised publications such as Nature.

IHDP also continued the Bonn Dialogue Series in collaboration with UNU-EHS and DKKV, conven-ing a plenary on human strategies to cope with increasing risks in April 2009 and a colloquium on Food Security and Energy Sustainability in November 2009. IHDP guaran-teed extensive coverage of the Bonn Dialogues in the German media, particularly through Deutsche Welle, regional newspapers and In-ternet sites. Along with the events’ co-organisers, the Secretariat also disseminated the outcomes of the colloquiums through the Dialogues’ Internet site (www.bonn-dialogues.org) and Flickr.

As a member of the United Na-tions University family in Bonn, the IHDP Secretariat continued to play an active role in the United Nations system. In October, IHDP organised an information stand in Bonn’s cen-tral square, as part of the celebrations of UN Day. IHDP staff distributed publications and answered questions from the visitors. As a member of the Common Information Space (CIS) of the UN in Bonn, IHDP significantly contributed to CIS activities (includ-ing the UN Open Day); a documen-tary on the UN in Bonn broadcasted by German TV; and the reception of numerous visitor groups to the UN’s main building in Bonn, the Langer Eugen.

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innovativE SciEncE

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Earth SyStEm GovErnancE ESG

Governance for sustainability: Navigating the anthropocene

Global EnvironmEntal chanGE &human SEcurityGEchS

Understanding human security in an era of global change

ihDP corE ProjEctS

IHDP currently has six core projects. Core proj-ects are conceptualised and supported by IHDP, some-times in partnership with various other programmes, to identify and generate new, cutting-edge research activities and priorities; promote international cooperation; and build linkages between policy-makers and researchers.

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inDuStrial tranSFormation it

Identifying alternative pathways towards sustain-ability

urbanization & Global EnvironmEntal chanGE uGEc

Guiding research on the interactions and feedbacks between urbanization and global change

Global lanD ProjEct GlP

Measuring, modelling and understanding the coupled human–environment system

lanD–ocEan intEractionS in coaStal zonES

loicz

Understanding and predicting change in the world’s coastal zones

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intErnational ProjEct oFFicE

ihDP Secretariat (unu-ihDP)

un campus

hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10

53113 bonn, Germany

t: +49 (0)228 815 0635

www.earthsystemgovernance.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

ruben zondervan

[email protected]

Earth SyStEm GovErnancE

KEyworDS

architecture•

agency•

adaptiveness•

accountability•

allocation & •

access

Power•

Knowledge•

norms•

Scale•

2010 rESEarch quEStion

One major question for 2010 is the tension between fragmentation and integra-tion in decision-making, including the future of climate governance as a multilateral negotiation system and the interlinkages within biodiver-sity policy.

inSiGht From 2009

The Climate Change Con-ference in Copenhagen has been a clear indication of the need for a global, effective architecture for earth system governance that is adaptive to changing circumstances; involves all stakeholders; and is accountable, fair and legiti-mate beyond the nation state.

Humans now influence all biological and physical systems of the planet, subsequently generating change that extends well beyond natural vari-ability and at a rate that continues to accelerate. Further, the institutions, organisations, and mechanisms by which humans currently govern their relationship with the natural environment and global biochemi-cal systems are both insufficient and poorly understood. More effective governance systems are needed. This is the rationale and challenge for the Earth System Governance Project. The Project defines earth system governance as the interrelated and increasingly integrated system of for-mal and informal rules, rule-making systems, and actor-networks at all

levels of human society (from local to global) that are set up to steer societ-ies towards preventing, mitigating, and adapting to global and local envi-ronmental change and, in particular, earth system transformation, within the normative context of sustainable development.

Moreover, the Project is de-signed as a nodal point within the global change programmes to guide, organise and evaluate research on governance in the various projects, thus strengthening and incorporating governance as a cross-cutting theme.

EarthSystem GovernancePeople, Places, and the Planet

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Selected Publications

managers of Global change. the influ-ence of international Environmental bu-reaucracies

Biermann, Frank, and Bernd Siebenhüner (editors). 2009. Managers of Global Change. The Influence of International Environ-mental Bureaucracies. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Earth System Governance: People, Places and the Planet. Science and implementation Plan of the Earth System Governance Project

Biermann, Frank, Michele M. Betsill, Joyeeta Gupta, Norichika Kanie, Louis Lebel, Diana Liver-man, Heike Schroeder, and Bernd Siebenhüner, with contributions from Ken Conca, Leila da Costa Ferreira, Bharat Desai, Simon Tay, and Ruben Zondervan. 2009. Earth System Governance: People, Places and the Planet. Science and Implementation Plan of the Earth System Governance Project. Earth System Governance Report 1, IHDP Report 20. Bonn, IHDP: The Earth System Governance Project.

the Fragmentation of Global Gover-nance architectures: a Framework for analysis

Biermann, Frank, Philipp Pattberg, Harro van Asselt, and Fariboz Zelli. 2009. The Fragmentation of Global Governance Architectures: A Framework for Analysis. Global Environmental Politics 9 (4):14-40.

Exploring Earth System Governance: a case Study of Floodplain management along the tisza river in hungary

Werners, Saskia E., Zsuzsanna Flachner, Piotr Matczak, Maria Falaleeva, and Rik Leemans. 2009. Exploring earth system gover-nance: A case study of floodplain management along the Tisza river in Hungary, Global Environmental Change, 19 (4): 503-511.

Governance as a crosscutting theme in human Dimen-sions Science

International Human Dimensions Programme. IHDP Update Maga-zine Issue 3, 2009. Bonn, IHDP Secretariat.

the ihDP update magazine has devot-ed this to Governance as a cross-cutting theme in ihDP sci-ence, and contains about 20 contribu-tions of the Earth System Governance Project and nearly all other ihDP core and ESSP joint projects on the issue of earth system governance in particular.

water Policy Entre-preneurs. a research companion to water transitions around the Globe

Huitema, Dave, and Sander. (edi-tors). 2009. Water Policy Entre-preneurs. A Research Companion to Water Transitions Around the Globe. Cheltenham: Edgar Elgar.

architEcturE

The problem of the architecture of earth system governance is a key concern of current negotiations and political processes that are often faced with ‘treaty congestion’ and complex interlinkages between different institutions.

Earth SyStEm GovErnancE

The Earth System Governance Project, while being essentially a scientific effort, is also designed to assist policy responses to the pressing problems of earth system transformation. The analytical problems it studies have profound policy implications.

aGEncy

Research on agency will generate novel ideas on the integration of civil society actors in earth system governance, and on the advantages and disadvantages of private and public–private governance arrangements.

accountability anD lEGitimacy

The accountability and legitimacy of de-cision making, from local to global levels, is a key problem for public policy.

aDaPtation

Research on governance of adaptation and the adaptiveness of governance arrange-ments will inform policymakers, who have to deal with adapting politics and policies to a changing world.

allocation anD accESS

Research on allocation and access will help to improve governance outcomes and advance discourses on an equitable approach to earth system governance.

Policy Implications of Earth System Governance Research

Scientific Highlights

This first year of the Earth System Governance Project’s ten-year lifecycle, has been characterised by a successful and dynamic propagation and further conceptual and methodological devel-opment of the concept of earth system governance, cumulating in more than 500 abstracts submitted by colleagues, from more than 64 countries to the 2009 Amsterdam Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Envi-ronmental Change. About 200 paper presentations, and 30 keynote speech-es at the conference on ‘Earth System Governance. People, Places, and the Planet’ presented cutting edge, applied and fundamental research on earth system governance.

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Key Events

2-4 Dec 2009 Katwoude, nether-lands

amsterdam confer-ence on the human Dimensions of Global Environmen-tal change. Earth System Governance: People, Places, and the Planet.

22 oct 2009 beijing, china

European commission Delegation to china, and Earth System Governance Project roundtable: the Future of international Environmental Gover-nance and china.

10 nov 2009 Stockholm, Sweden

colloquium at royal Swedish academy of Sciences on conflicts over land in the 21st century, organised by the national com-mittee for Geography in collaboration with the Earth System Governance Project.

26-30 april 2009 bonn, Germany

7th international Sci-ence conference on the human Dimen-sions of Global Envi-ronmental change. Social challenges of Global change (ihDP open meeting 2009).

24 nov - 4 Dec 2009 Katwoude & amster-dam, netherlands

European PhD winter School on Earth Sys-tem Governance: the challenge of adaptive Governance.

1 Dec 2009 Katwoude, nether-lands

1 December 2009 - SEnSE Symposium ‘climate Proofing cities’, Katwoude, netherlands.

Outreach

Members of the Earth System Governance Scientific Steering Committee, as well as many of the project’s affiliated researchers, have been actively engaged in presenting, promoting and explaining the Earth System Governance Project and its analytical framework to a multitude of audiences which include guest lectures; key note speeches; and con-vening conference panels or special sessions at conferences and other venues. Increasingly, the website is used as a portal to information on earth system governance and the activities of the project. With event specific web-blogs, the project also prepared and reported from events like the 2009 Amsterdam Confer-ence, of which impressions, reports, and video interviews have been made available online.

Science–policy

In 2009 the focus of the Earth System Governance Project has been on the development of its scientific frame-work and on extending and strength-ening its global network of Associate Faculty, Senior Research Fellows, Research Fellows and Research Cen-tres. In addition, the project initiated and has been developing science–policy formats ranging from round table workshops to the involvement of several researchers affiliated to the project in numerous national and intergovernmental advisory commit-tees. A highlight in 2009 has been the successful roundtable on environ-mental governance in China.

Capacity Development

Earth system governance has found its way into the curricula of a number of academic studies, particularly in courses related to or provided by the Earth System Governance Research Centres. Many senior researchers involved in the project, actively un-dertake training and other activities to strengthen the capacity of early-career researchers in the field and in addition, the International Project Office, as well as many institutes involved in the project, are offering internships for students. A capacity building highlight in 2009 has been the ‘2009 European PhD Winter School on Earth System Governance: The Challenge of Adaptive Gover-nance’, organised by the Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), in col-laboration with the SENSE Research School for Socio–Economic and Natural Sciences of the Environment (SENSE).

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human Security•

climate change •

water •

Governance

conflict•

vulnerability•

Equity•

adaptation•


How can different types of knowledge, perspectives on human–environment rela-tionships, and approaches to science make global change research more relevant, and effective at fostering the social transformations that are necessary to address environ-mental changes?

inSiGht From 2009

To reach an equitable, resil-ient and sustainable world, global environmental change needs to be addressed through a human security lens, with strong focus on individual and collective vulnerabilities and capabilities.

Global EnvironmEntal chanGE & human SEcurity

The Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) is a research network that places environmental changes within larger socio–economic and political contexts, focusing on the way diverse social processes such as globalisa-tion, poverty, disease, and conflict, combine with global environmental change to affect human security. This research recognises the need to move human beings and societies to the centre of global environmental change research. The GECHS Project is currently in its synthesis phase, and through the synthesis work, it is becoming increasingly clear that significant achievements have been made during the ten years of GECHS related research and awareness

raising on the importance of view-ing global environmental change as a question of human security. The large, international GECHS Synthesis Conference and the work on publi-cation of conference contributions particularly illustrate these achieve-ments.intErnational ProjEct oFFicE

university of oslo

P.o. box 1096, blindern

0317 oslo, norway

www.gechs.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

linda Sygna

[email protected]

Øystein Kristiansen

[email protected]

GECHS

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human SEcurity DiScourSE

The environmental change discourse is shifting towards a more human security-oriented approach, focusing on policies and practice that consider vulnerability, multiple stressors, ethics and equity concerns.

rEthinK Social contractS

Human security draws attention to the role of power, gender, class, democracy and ethical issues in climate change de-bates, and calls for a rethinking of social contracts.

crEatinG human SEcurity

Creating human security in the context of environmental change is both urgent and necessary. Researchers, policymakers, and practitioners can join forces in iden-tifying ways of enhancing the capacity to respond to environmental change and human insecurities.


Global Environmental change and human Security

Richard A. Matthew, Jon Barnett, Bryan McDonald and Karen L. O’Brien, 2009. Global Envi-ronmental Change and Human Security. MIT Press.

adapting to climate change thresholds, values and Gover-nance

Neil Adger, Irene Lorenzoni and Karen O’Brien, 2009. Adapting to Climate Change Thresholds, Val-ues and Governance. Cambridge University Press.

climate change in the 21st century

Stewart J. Cohen with Melissa W. Waddell, 2009. Climate Change in the 21st Century. McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Governing Sustainability

Adger, W.N. and A. Jordan, 2009. Governing Sustainability. Cam-bridge University Press; New York.

Policy Implications of GECHS Research


Progress has been made in three broad, interre-lated streams of knowledge that have been emerging over the years within the GECHS network. First, there have been important advances on the conceptu-alisation of human secu-rity, particularly in terms of framing and under-standing the implications of environmental change for individuals and com-munities. Second, a large body of empirical research has been created on how various aspects of human security are influenced by environmental change, and how multiple processes of change threaten social, human and environmental rights. The third broad

stream of research within the GECHS Project is devoted to human capa-bilities to respond to social and environmental stress, and how to create positive social change and enhance human security in the context of global environ-mental change. These three streams of GECHS work complement and partially overlap each other, and to-gether, they provide a com-prehensive understanding of challenges and respons-es within issues of global environmental change and human security.

Facing Global Envi-ronmental change: Environmental, hu-man, Energy, Food, health and water Security concepts

Hans Günter Brauch, Úrsula Oswald Spring, John Grin, Czeslaw Mesjasz,Patricia Kameri-Mbote, Navnita Chadha Behera, Béchir Chourou, Heinz Krummenacher (Eds.): Facing Global Environmental Change: Environmental,Human, Energy, Food, Health and Water Secu-rity Concepts. Hexagon Series on Human and Environmental Security and Peace, vol. 4 (Berlin -Heidelberg - New York: Springer-Verlag, 2009).

rethinking Social contracts: build-ing resilience in a changing climate

O’Brien, K., B. Hayward, and F. Berkes, 2009. Rethinking Social Contracts: Building Resilience in a Changing Climate. Ecology and Society 14 (2).

informality as agency. negotiating the modes of regula-tion in contested urban areas

Bohle, H-G, Etzold, B., Keck, M., and W.-P. Zingel, 2009. Informal-ity as Agency. Negotiating the Modes of Regulation in Contested Urban Areas, In: Die Erde, Jg. 140, H. 1, pp. 3-24.

Environment and Peacebuilding in war-torn Societies

Conca, K. and J. Wallace, 2009. Environment and Peacebuilding in War-torn Societies: Lessons from the UN Environment Programme’s Experience with Postconflict As-sessment. Global Governance 15, pp. 485-504.

thematic Set: the Sustainability of Southern african Savannas: threats and opportunities

Eriksen, S.H. and H.K. Watson (eds.), 2009. Thematic Set: The Sustainability of Southern African Savannas: Threats and Opportuni-ties. Environmental Science & Policy. 12(1), pp. 1-102.

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Key Events

22-24 june 2009 oslo, norway

GEchS Synthesis conference “human Security in an Era of Global change” at the university of oslo

9-13 march 2009 copenhagen, Denmark

GEchS Sessions at the copenhagen Sci-ence congress “cli-mate change: Global risks, challenges and Decisions”


GEchS organised ten sessions at the ihDP open meeting 2009, contributing towards its synthesis process.

23-26 march 2009 oslo, norway

iPcc Scoping meeting for the Special report on “managing the risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to advance climate change adaptation”.Highlights

Film anD booK ProjEct

“thE DEcaDE that mattErS”

In exploring new channels of communication, this project seeks to present environmen-tal change from the perspec-tive of possibilities. Showing how pressing environmental challenges are linked to human security, the project highlights some of the many initiatives that are underway across the globe to avoid dan-gerous environmental change, reduce vulnerability, and pro-mote real human security.

aaG mEriDian booK awarD

The book “Environmental Change and Globalization: Double Exposures”, written by GECHS Associate Robin Leichenko and GECHS Chair Karen O’Brien, was selected to receive the 2008 AAG Meridian Book Award for Outstanding Scholarly Work in Geography. The book explores the connec-tions between two of the most transformative processes of the twenty-first century, namely global environmental change and globalisation.

GEchS SynthESiS

conFErEncE

The GECHS Synthesis Confer-ence brought together more than 150 participants from more than 30 countries. The conference hosted, in total, 28 parallel, plenary, and round table sessions, with 94 presen-tations further given. Special sessions encouraged science–policy interaction, and a young researcher’s category support-ed capacity development.

GEchS SESSionS at thE

ihDP oPEn mEEtinG

GECHS organised ten sessions at the 7th Open Meeting in Bonn, including a high profile plenary session on “Human Security”, and a special session on “Sustainable Adaptation” (a follow up to the International Human Dimensions Work-shop organised by GECHS in New Delhi in October 2008). During the Open Meeting, the GECHS IPO further hosted a reception for the wider GECHS community.

Outreach

The GECHS IPO has increasingly been working with the art com-munity and other new disciplines in addressing the challenges of under-standing and communicating global environmental change.

Science–policy

There has been much interaction between GECHS science and policy in 2009, particular on the climate change issue. Human security is increasingly being brought forward by politicians as an important com-ponent in any solution to the climate change challenge.


Complex and interconnected global problems are challenging current ways of doing research. It is likely that future generations of researchers will need to ask new questions, apply new methods, develop new concepts and initiate new ways of achieving interdisciplinarity. Capacity building and education has therefore been a major focus of the GECHS Project in recent years, with special focus on introducing new disciplines to the global environmental change field and on fostering interdisciplinary research.

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land-change Science•

land use change•

land cover change•

Sustainability Science•

land use modelling•

coupled human Environ-•

mental Systems


How can we better measure, model and understand the coupled human–environ-mental system, manage it to cope with global change, and develop sustainable pathways for the future?

Global lanD ProjEct GLP

The Land System, including fresh-water, is the critical land component within the Earth System. Both ter-restrial and aquatic land ecosystems provide a multiplicity of ecosystem services, such as clean water, air, and flood control. Profound changes in land systems, including intensifica-tion and diversification of land use and advances in technology, have led to rapid changes in biogeochemical cycles, hydrological processes, and landscape dynamics.

The Global Land Project, estab-lished in 2006, aims at improving the understanding and modelling of the effects of human actions on natural processes of the terrestrial biosphere. Changes in land use and manage-ment affect the states, properties,

and functions of ecosystems, which in turn, influence the provision of ecosystem services, and ultimately, affect human well-being.

GLP also looks at peoples responses to changes in ecosystem service provision, including the role of institutions and governance for the sustainability of land systems. Ulti-mately, progress towards land sus-tainability depends on the identifica-tion of the character and dynamics of both vulnerable and resilient coupled human–environment systems to hazards and disturbances.


hosted by the university

of copenhagen

Geocenter copenhagen

Øster voldgade 10

DK-1350 copenhagen

Denmark

www.globallandproject.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

tobias langanke

[email protected]

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Policy Implications of GLP Research

moDEllinG lanD SyStEmS

Modelling and scenario exercises for land systems can generate important infor-mation and the visualisation of policy outcomes on a number of spatial scales.

rEcoGniSE comPlExity

Land use and land management policies must recognise the complex nature of human–environment systems. They must recognise the need for multi-level (spatial and temporal) information synthesis to understand the processes of change and tradeoffs involved.

EcoSyStEm SErvicES

Current research on Ecosystem Services (ES) (including their valuation) in Land Change Science is highly relevant for any policy with potential implications for ES, particularly if tradeoffs across different ES and scales are considered.


GLP’s scientific activities in 2009 consisted of a series of workshops, organised and co-organised both by the IPO and GLP’s Nodal Offices. Topics ranged from a continuation of the Aberdeen Nodal Office work-shop series on modelling issues to specific issues in land-change science (e.g. global vegetation productivity dynamics in drylands and changes in tropical shifting cultivation agricul-ture). In addition, GLP contributed to two large international Confer-ences (IHDP OM and Copenhagen’s Climate Conference), both having GLP sessions and individual contri-butions.

As part of GLP’s strategy to get more involved in research funding and work towards “GLP products”, 2009 saw the initiation of a major European research proposal, as well as a partnership within an NSF CDI proposal. Scientific outcomes from

Publications

2009 activities and outcomes of ear-lier activities were captured in special issues as seen to the right. Published outcomes included those from the LaSys Conference (Land System Science - Handling Complex Series of Natural and Socio-Economic Processes); Aberdeen nodal office workshop (The Design of Integra-tive Models of Natural and Social Systems in Land Change Science); international seminars (Globalization and the Local Landscape; Multidisci-plinary Reflections on Contemporary Challenges). Outcomes of GLP work-shops on ‘Vegetation Productivity in Drylands’ and ‘Forest-Agriculture Frontiers’, are soon to be published.

The 25 co-authors of the Special Feature on Land Change Science, published in 2007 by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sci-ences, received the 2009 Sustainability Science Award of the Ecological So-ciety of America.

integrated modelling of natural and Social Systems in land change Science

Special Issue: Integrated model-ling of natural and social systems in land change science. Guest edited by E.Milne, R. Aspinall and T. Veldkamp. 2009. Landscape Ecology Volume 24, Number 9, November 2009. Pages 1145-1270.

land use and Eco-systems

Special feature on “Land Use and Ecosystems” in Sustainability Sci-ence (Sustainability Science, Vol-ume 5, Number 1, January 2010). Edited by Ademola Braimoh from the GLP Sapporo Nodal Office

land System Science – handling complex Series of natural and Socio-Economic Processes

Journal of Land Use Science, Volume 4 Issue 1 & 2 2009 with the topic: “Land System Science – Handling Complex Series of Natural and Socio-Economic Processes”

Globalization and the local landscape

Special Issue of Danish Journal of Geography: Reenberg, A. and Primdahl, J., 2009. Globalization and the local landscape. Editorial to special issue, Danish Journal of Geography, Vol.109 (2)

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Key Events

14-20 june 2009 Sapporo, japan

GcoE-inet inter-national Summer School “Frontier of Ecosystem Ecology in northern Forest” at hokkaido university and north hokkaido Experimental Forests organised by inet, GcoE of hokkaido university and GlP.

21 oct 2009 hokkaido, japan

GlP Sapporo nodal office and united nations univer-sity hosted a policy discourse on “beyond copenhagen: climate, Ecosystem Services and human well-being” at hok-kaido university.

2-3 nov 2009 vientiane, laos

GlP workshop, on “Forest-agriculture Frontiers: impacts of land use transitions on livelihoods and Environment in the humid tropics”.

12-14 jan 2009 copenhagen, Denmark

workshop on “veg-etation Productivity in Drylands. trends, Similarities, Dif-ferences, causes & research Gaps.” or-ganised, funded and hosted by the GlP iPo in copenhagen.

12-16 april 2009 Snowbird, utah, uSa

GlP symposium on “agent-based model-ling of land use Effects on Ecosys-tem Processes and Services”.

15-17 june 2009 beijing, china & Sapporo, japan

workshop on vulner-ability and resilience of land Systems in asia. co-organised by GlP nodal offices in beijing and Sap-poro, hosted at the chinese academy of Sciences in beijing.

8-9 may 2009

the iPo organises, hosts and partly funds a workshop in preparation for a land-change science FP7 proposal, collab-orative Project (large scale integrating project) volantE (visions of land use transitions in Europe).


ihDP open meeting in bonn with three GlP sessions. a num-ber of GlP network members took part in the meeting. GlP SSc members convened or co-convened four ses-sions: land use con-tinuity and change: adaptation in coupled human–Environment Systems; biomass and bioenergy use as Drivers of Global land System change; integrative models of human and Environ-mental Systems in land change Science; how do culture, beliefs, attitudes and traditions in urban Societies interact with Environmental change?


copenhagen climate conference. anette reenberg chaired a session on “adapt-ing human land use to climate change”; john Porter co-chaired a session on “adapting Future ag-ricultural Production to climate change”.

29-31 may 2009

land market model-ling workshop. GlP nodal office on integration and modelling, and the uS nSF-sponsored SlucE 2 Project co-sponsored this workshop on agent-based land market models.


PhD course: Poverty, vulnerability and adaptation - rural livelihood and land use responses to Global change. Department of Geog-raphy and Geology, university of copen-hagen, in collabora-tion with GlP.

Outreach

GLP outreach occurs mainly through invited presentations of IPO staff, Chair, SSC members or Nodal Office staff at scientific conferences and workshops. Outreach is also achieved through frequent communication with the research community (e.g. through newsletters, email updates and web pages).

Science‒Policy

Through GLP participation in larger Conferences (with policy participa-tion) some GLP research is exposed to the policy world. In addition, these results are being used at the science–policy interface through IGBP and IHDP. Individual SSC members are more strongly involved in the science–policy interface, including high level national policy influence.


In addition to co-organising one PhD course and one summer school in 2009, GLP usually funds a small amount of young/PhD and LDC researchers to attend GLP work-shops. For the 2010 open science conference, GLP is currently raising additional funds (through NOAA, NASA and NSF) to enable fully funded additional participants, and seeking further indirect funding for participants from specific regions.

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Sustainability transition •

System innovation •

Socio–technical System •

asia •

Sustainability Experiment •

Sustainable Development •

Socio–ecological •

transformation

Environmental Governance •

industrialisation•


How can the potential of the ‘sustainability experiments’ be fostered to transform unsustainable Asian systems of provision?

inDuStrial tranSFormation IHDP-IT

Industrial Transformation (IHDP-IT) research starts with the notion that changes in the ways in which humans use environmental resources and services, are embedded in the socio–economic realm and modify the natural environment. This covers processes and products, production and consumption, distribution and disposal activities. IHDP-IT research is also interested in the institutions and incentives that shape these systems (property, liability, regula-tions), and how these influence social actors (government, producers, and consumers). In thinking about how these systems might change, IHDP-IT is concerned with the interaction of innovation by economic and social actors with processes of change at

a higher level in socio–technical systems that provide human needs for energy, mobility or food. Next to iden-tifying alternatives, IHDP-IT seeks to understand how broad-scale change in systems that are relevant for global environment may occur and can be influenced over the longer term.

The transformative changes oc-curring in Asia pose a significant chal-lenge for IHDP-IT research. In par-ticular, a great variety of ‘sustainability experiments’ defined as planned initiatives to embody a highly-novel socio–technical configuration likely to lead to substantial sustainability gains, holds a promise for change and for creating a new, less environmentally burdensome course of industrialisa-tion and urbanization.


institute of Environmental Studies

De boelelaan 1087

1081 hv amsterdam

netherlands

www.ihdp-it.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

anna j. wieczorek

[email protected]

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asian Development Pathways and Sus-tainable Socio–tech-nical regimes

F. Berkhout, Angel, D., Wieczorek A.J. (2009). Asian Development Pathways and Sustainable Socio–technical regimes, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol 76(2)

Enabling Sustain-ability transitions in asia: the importance of vertical and hori-zontal linkages

X. Bai, Wieczorek A.J.,Kaneko S., Lisson S., Contreras A. (2009). Enabling Sustainability Transi-tions in Asia: The Importance of Vertical and Horizontal Linkages, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol 76(2)

Environmental rationalities and the Development State in East asia: Prospects for a Sustainability transition

D. Angel, Rock, M. (2009). Environmental Rationalities and the Development State in East Asia: Prospects for a Sustainability Transition, Technological Forecast-ing and Social Change, Vol 76(2)

Socio–metabolic transitions in Devel-oping asia

H. Schandl, M. Fischer-Kowalski, C. Grunbuhel, F. Krausmann (2009). Socio–metabolic Transitions in Developing Asia, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol 76(2).

a hard Slog, not a leapfrog: Globalisa-tion and Sustain-ability transitions in Developing asia

M. Rock, J. T. Murphy, R. Rasiah, P. van Seters, S. Managi (2009). A Hard Slog, not a Leapfrog: Globalisation and Sustainability Transitions in Developing Asia, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol 76(2).

cities in Evolution: urbanization, Envi-ronmental change, and Sustainability

Bai XM, Graedel T, Morishima A. (eds). 2009. Cities in Evolution: Urbanization, Environmental Change, and Sustainability. Cambridge University Press. To be published in 2009.

SuPPortinG SuStainablE innovation

The system innovation approaches and conceptual frameworks appear to func-tion as bridging concepts for academics, policymakers and practitioners and they are well equipped to support sustainable innovation policies.

DynamicS oF chanGE

Understanding the dynamics of change, its drivers and socio–cultural and histori-cal context, is critical to identifying strat-egies and policies that would stimulate the occurrence of alternative and more sustainable development pathways.

attEntion to local innovation

Initiating sustainability transition means acting against hard path dependency and requires more systematic attention to local innovations.

Policy Implications of IHDP-IT Research


To analyse the transformative potential of local initiatives - they first need to be documented, clas-sified and systematically analysed from a transition perspective. There is not much data on the type, size and impact of the various, often externally funded, local initiatives. Further, there are no specific criteria developed by which experiments can be classified either. A reoccurring problem that needs to be addressed systematically is how successful experiments can be upscaled and, more generally, how their impact on prevailing socio–technical regimes can be increased. Finally, a relevant dimension in the study of sustainabil-ity experiments is the large variation in the governance structures in Asian countries and the way they limit or increase opportunities for governing sustainability experiments.

In 2009, IHDP-IT (with support of the APN) initiated preparatory

research on: i) giving ground for the development of a conceptual frame-work for inventorising, classifying and analysing sustainability experi-ments in the context of industrialised countries, (ii) advancing a research strategy for identifying opportunities for and barriers to successful sustain-ability experiments, and (iii) identify-ing appropriate governance strategies to support the processes involved in the upscaling of experiments and increasing their impact.

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28 april 2009; bonn, Germany

it Synthesis meeting, ihDP open meeting 2009

As compared to a decade ago - when the IHDP-IT Project was initiated - the urgency of GEC is becoming increasingly painful. The changes cause higher levels of disruption and growing restlessness among various social groups and in-dividuals. The urgency also re-veals a sort of a crisis because of the difficulty of meeting set goals. The difficulty of the situation may be amplified in the next years because of the

Parallel Session

ihDP open meeting 2009

A parallel session on sus-tainability transitions and transition management with contributions from the stu-dents who participated in the IHDW on ‘Transitions toward Sustainability through System Innovations’ – a training workshop organised by IT. This parallel session included presentations of two IHDW students showing the outcomes of some of the workshop working sessions.

4-6 june, 2009; amsterdam, netherlands

conference on Sustainability

transitions

The conference, co-organised by IT, established a new Sustain-ability Transition European Research Network (STERN). It further brought together a rapidly growing community of researchers and practitioners interested in broad societal tran-sitions towards sustainability.

Science‒Policy

The preparatory research on the role of local initiatives in inducing sustainability transitions in Asia, ini-tiated with support of the APN, has a strong science–policy component. Policymakers, as well as practitio-ners, have been involved at the stage of formulating research questions and designing research strategy. In particular, they participated in a workshop co-funded by the APN, IT, Eindhoven University of Technol-ogy, USER Chiang Mai and Jadavpur University, which was a preparatory step for setting up a broader research programme on sustainability experi-ments, where policy constitutes a substantial part.

Outreach

As IHDP-IT is in its synthesis stage, its outreach activities are geared towards sharing its results, and looking forward to the next steps. The first is finalisation of a special issue of Environmental Science and Policy Journal incl. several peer reviewed contributions discussed at an international workshop on sustainability experiments that took place in Chiang Mai in Jan 2008. The second is organisation of a coupled, synthesis–looking forward IHDP-IT APN conference on “Ex-periments, System Innovation and Sustainability Transitions in Asia” to take place on 15-17 July, 2010, in Chiang Mai. Thirdly - fundrais-

Key Events

ongoing financial crisis. Some argue that because of that, the incentives and commitments to strong environmental (and social) actions may significant-ly weaken. These provocative statements initiated an open debate on the prospects for sustainability transition and its origins. By this, IHDP-IT received great comments and opinions from the GEC com-munity on its major research findings.

ing for an international research programme on governance and the role of sustainability experiments in Asian transitions.

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coastal zone management•

Social–ecological Systems •

assessment

Governance in coastal areas•

Deltas at risk•

harmful algal blooms•

arctic change•

vulnerability and adapta-•

tion of coastal Systems

2010 rESEarch

quEStion

What are the determin-ing factors of vulner-ability and resilience of coastal social–ecological systems and how can they adequately adapt to global environmental change processes?

inSiGht From 2009

River deltas are sinking from human activity, making them increasing-ly vulnerable to flooding from rivers and ocean storms and putting tens of millions of people at high risk.

lanD–ocEan intEractionS in thE coaStal zonE

Since 1993, the IGBP Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) Project has studied Earth’s heterogeneous, relatively small but highly productive, dynamic and sensitive coastal zone. During its first decade of research, LOICZ focused on the measurement of biogeochemi-cal fluctuations into, and within, the coastal zone. Now in its fourth year as a joint IGBP/IHDP core project, LOICZ has evolved into an interdisci-plinary collaborative effort of several hundred coastal zone scientists and managers within a wide spectrum of Earth System Sciences, from bio-chemical and geophysical to social and economic dimensions.

With its primary objective “to provide the knowledge, understand-

ing and prediction needed to allow coastal communities to assess, antici-pate and respond to the interaction of global and local pressures which determine coastal change”, LOICZ is an important promoter of interdisci-plinary coastal zone research around the globe. Aiming to overcome traditional disciplinary fragmentation, particularly between the natural and social sciences, LOICZ organises the biochemical, geophysical and human dimensions of coastal change around five Scientific Themes, three Prior-ity Topics, and several Cross-Cutting Activities.


GKSS research center

institute for coastal research

max-Planck-Strasse 1

D-21502 Geeshacht, Germany

www.loicz.org

t: +49-(0)4152/87-2009

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

Dr. hartwig Kremer

[email protected]

LOICZ

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coaStal GovErnancE

Governance addresses the policies, laws and institutions by which issues are ad-dressed and questions the fundamental goals, the institutional processes and the structures that are the basis for planning and decision-making. It is relevant to de-termine these changes and work together with stakeholders and practitioners on practical actions to deal with these changes. A key question is: What institu-tional and behavioural changes can best ensure sustainability in coastal zones?

Social–EcoloGical SyStEmS hotSPotS

Coastal Zones are “Society’s Edge”, ac-commodating almost half of the world’s population and providing more than half of the global ecosystem goods and servic-es. Hot spots of global concern comprise megacities, islands, river-mouth systems and rapidly changing regions, such as the Arctic. A key question is: What are the impacts, trends, thresholds, tipping points and responses in coastal social–ecological systems?

vulnErability anD aDaPtation

Coastal social–ecological systems face a va-riety of global, regional and local pressures, most of them operating across political boundaries and spatial–temporal scales. Assessing the vulnerability and resilience of systems is crucial since society needs to be informed about the role that mitigation and adaptation play in coping with current and future change. A key question is: What is the degree to which a system is unable to avoid the undesirable consequences of changes and the system’s ability to change?

Policy Implications of LOICZ Research


Science–Policy–Prac-tice interface

Weichselgartner, J. & Kasperson, R., Barriers in the science–policy–practice interface: Toward a knowledge-action-system in global environmental change research. Global Environmental Change (2009), doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.11.006

Sinking Deltas due to human activities

Syvitski, J.P.M.; Kettner, A.; Over-eem, J.I.; Hutton, E.W.H.; Hannon, M.T.; Brakenridge, R.G.; Day, J.; Vörösmarty, C; Saito, Y.; Giosan, L. & Nicholls, R.J. (2009): Sinking Deltas due to Human Activities. Nature Geoscience (2): 681-686.

historical records of coastal Eutrophica-tion and hypoxia

Gooday, A.J.; Jorissen, F.; Levin, L.A.; Middelburg, J.J.; Naqvi, W.; Rabalais, N.N.; Scranton, M. & Zhang, J. (2009): Historical Records of Coastal Eutrophication and Hypoxia. Biogeosciences (6): 1707-1745.


Several significant workshops were held throughout 2009 that provided substantive contributions to LOICZ research objectives. Workshops of particular importance include the an-nual LOICZ cross-cutting workshop “Lagoons”, which included sessions on nutrient budgets, sea level rise, residence time estimation, and the DPSIR framework (Rabat, May 2009); a Dahlem-Type workshop “Global Environmental Change in the Coastal Zone: A Socio–Ecological Integra-tion”, which concluded that innovation and good governance are critical to addressing the “global, coastal syn-drome” (Oslo, June 2009); the SCOR/LOICZ Working Group 132 work-shop “Land-based Nutrient Pollution and the Relationship to Harmful Algal

Blooms in Coastal Marine Systems” (Beijing, Oct 2009); the UNITAR-LOICZ workshop “Toward a Healthy Coastal Zone - Environmental Monitoring Techniques and Effective Science Communication” (Yantai, Nov 2009); and LOICZ’s international workshop “Deltas: Coastal Vulner-ability and Management” (Chennai, Dec 2009).

Both the establishment of a Coastal Ecosystem Governance (CEG) certification programme for coastal practitioners (as part of LOICZ efforts to link governance and science in coastal systems) and provision of con-tributions to the conference “Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change” (Amsterdam) completed what was a productive year for the project.

coastal research and Policy integration in northwest Europe

Cooper, J.A.G. & Cummins, V. (2009): Coastal Research and Policy Integration in Northwest Europe: The COREPOINT Project. Marine Policy 33 (6): 869-870.

Future of coastal areas

Glaeser B.; Kannen, A. & Kremer, H. (2009): Introduction: The Future of Coastal Areas: Chal-lenges for Planning Practice and Research. GAIA 18 (2): 145-149.

harmonizing catch-ment and Estuary

Chen, Z.; Yanagi, T. & Wolanski, E. (eds.) (2009): EMECS8: Har-monizing Catchment and Estuary. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science (special issue)

coastal wetlands

Perillo, G.M.E.; Wolanski, E.; Cahoon, D. & Brinson, M. (2009): Coastal Wetlands: An Integrated Ecosystem Approach. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

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Key Events

may 2009 rabat, morocco

annual loicz cross-cutting workshop “lagoons”

nov 2009 yantai, china

unitar-loicz workshop “toward a healthy coastal zone - based on Environmental moni-toring techniques and Effective Science ommunication”

oct 2009 beijing, china

Scor/loicz work Group 132 work-shop “land-based nutrient Pollution and the relationship to harmful algal blooms in coastal marine Systems”

Dec 2009 chennai, india

loicz international workshop “Deltas: coastal vulnerability and management”

Dec 2009 amsterdam, netherlands

contribution to the conference “hu-man Dimensions of Global Environmental change”

june 2009 oslo, norway

loicz Dahlem-type workshop “Global En-vironmental change in the coastal zone: a Socio–Ecological integration”

Outreach

Although the project has numerous online facilities, many opportuni-ties for further outreach during 2009 included direct public and academic interactions. In addition, innovative ideas were used, such as the cruise liner public lectures on Climate and Global Change Impacts on Regional and Global Coasts. Further high-lights include lectures at Hamburg University’s Institute of Geography on Arctic, Baltic and Black Sea Coastal Social–Ecological Systems and Global Change; poster stations at the GKSS Open Day; an exhibition “Coastal and Marine Environment” for school children and the general public; and Potential Fishing Zone Information Dissemination: provided weekly to marine fishing communi-ties as a part of the Indian National Coastal Ocean Information System (INCOIS), Government of India, and LOICZ Regional Node South Asia.

Science‒Policy

LOICZ gave considerable time and effort to various representative, training and workshop events hav-ing important policy and decision making implications. Some of these include hosting sessions (Respond-ing to Coastal and Marine Change: Comparative Assessment of Coastal Governance Initiatives) at IHDP’s Open Meeting “Social Challenges of Global Change”; supporting both the UNESCO-IOC/UNDP Regional workshop “Tsunami Risk Assessment and Mitigation for Indian Ocean Countries” and APN workshop “In-tegrated Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Areas in the Southeast Asia and East Asian Region”; hosting their Regional workshop “Arctic Coastal Governance”; and attending two expert groups on the implementation of the Marine Strategy Directive in the North Sea, and the implementa-tion of the Water Framework Direc-tive in Transitional Waters.


LOICZ supported, hosted and provid-ed numerous training and workshop activities throughout 2009. These capacity development initiatives in-cluded the teaching of several LOICZ SSC Members and International Project Office (IPO) staff in ERAS-MUS Mundus Master Programmes, with six of these masters’ students and three interns further hosted and advised by the IPO in Geesthacht, Germany. The project also supported student workshops, summer schools and field trips in Indonesia, and hosted its workshop “Biogeochemical Assessment and Modelling in Muddy Systems” in Chenai, India. Further support was provided for the training course “Ocean Color”; IOC/UNDP training seminar “Tsunami Risk As-sessment and Mitigation for Indian Ocean Countries”; and EAS Congress and Youth Forum “Partnerships at Work: Local Implementation and Good Practices” (Manila, Nov 2009).

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urban Growth modelling•

mitigation and adapta-•

tion in cities

climate change resil-•

ience

urban vulnerability•

urban coastal zones•

urban Governance•

urban Sustainability•

urban livelihoods•

2010 rESEarch

quEStion

What are alternatives and perspectives con-cerning an agenda for sustainability and how can that agenda include a broader conceptuali-sation that explicitly in-cludes urban areas and urbanization processes?

inSiGht From 2009

Humanity’s response to cli-mate change must occur con-currently at multiple scales; in particular, the centrality of ur-ban areas in finding solutions to the combined demographic, economic and environmental challenges we will face in this century due to climate change is now undeniable.

urbanization & Global EnvironmEntal chanGE

Today, more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. It is clear that the development of urban areas holds the key to many of the chal-lenges faced in interactions with environmental change, raising issues that have not received adequate atten-tion thus far. The IHDP Urbanization and Global Environmental Change (UGEC) Project seeks to provide a better understanding of the interac-tions and feedbacks between global environmental change (GEC) and urbanization at the local, regional, and global scales through an innova-tive conceptual and methodological framework. An important feature of this core project is the explicit commitment to translating abstract knowledge about GEC into local

decision making contexts. Having entered into it second phase of a ten-year cycle, an essential focus has been placed on building and expanding the network of scholars and research-ers; strengthening the UGEC com-munity; and creating a greater sense of identity. In order to capture the benefits of urbanization and mitigate, as well as adapt to, negative environ-mental and socio–economic impacts, a strong coordination and collabora-tion is needed among those working on urban and environmental issues. The project is expected to provide a platform for this kind of interaction and targets a stronger coordination and collaboration between this com-munity of academics, practitioners, and political decision makers.


arizona State university

P.o. box 873211

tempe, az 85287-3211, uSa

t:+1 480 727 7833

www.ugec.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

michail Fragkias

[email protected]

UGEC

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citiES aS SuStainability hotSPotS

Urban areas have been viewed as environ-mental ills, but can be hotspots for sus-tainability transitions. Evidence reveals that urbanization inspires innovation and productivity as well as energy and infra-structure savings, which can lead to sustain-ability solutions. Understanding how and why urban areas are moving towards sust-ainability is essential. This can occur through information sharing between academics, practitioners, NGOs, local gov-ernments and greater attention to translat-ing new knowledge into policymaking.

nEcESSity oF comPlEx SolutionS

Urbanization is a dominant trend in humanity’s future but presents challenges in understanding and guiding its multiple dimensions. Our understanding of urbanization is increasingly complex, but our solutions have been one-dimensional. Many GEC issues manifest themselves in urban areas and we need a more compre-hensive view of urbanization in order to develop sustainable solutions. Multidis-ciplinary knowledge and multisectoral coordination is needed to frame urban-ization within the context of GEC.

thE way wE urbanizE

The way the scale, form, and rate of urbanization takes place will make a significant impact on sustainability. But cities are also not just about the physical and built environment, but about institu-tions, governance, and social processes. We need to view cities as more compre-hensive, complex systems. While higher levels of urbanization are inevitable, the way we urbanize will be critical for sus-tainability. There is a need to go beyond green plans and green buildings - there is no silver bullet to urban issues.

Policy Implications of UGEC Research


As interest in UGEC research has grown, the project has expanded its network and provided international collaboration and dissemination op-portunities. UGEC’s first highly visible synthesis activities took place during the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 through parallel and special sessions, highlight-ing the importance of urban areas for the human dimensions of global environmental change; these events included co-organisers and partici-pants from the wider UGEC network but also partners such as the ASU 100 Cities Project, the UNU Sustainable Urban Futures Programme, the IHDP GECHS Project, and the IGBP/IHDP GLP Project. On the theme of cities and climate change in particular, dur-

ing the Copenhagen Climate Change Congress - hosting the only session on urbanization on the theme of urban adaptation to climate change. UGEC collaborated with other institutions and participated in their interna-tional workshops (such as UCCRN and START), sponsoring, advising and co-organizing events. Our participa-tion in the START/East-West Center ‘Cities at Risk’ workshop, held in Bang-kok, Thailand, contributed to region-specific research and strengthened the UGEC Asian network. Other than the growth of its network of associates and endorsed project, UGEC has struck many new exciting partnerships, such as the ones with the Australian RMIT Global Cities Research Institute and

UN-ECLAC. Furthermore, UGEC SSC members and project associates were actively involved at the World Bank’s 5th Urban Research Symposium in Marseille (June, 2009), focusing on the theme of Cities and Climate Change. Similarly, through the GECHS Synthesis Conference in Oslo, Nor-way, we created new spaces for joint exploration of urbanization and human security research. A partnership with the Helmholtz Centre for Environmen-tal Research - UFZ, UGEC affiliates co-authored an innovative interdisci-plinary comparative cross-city research report on adapting cities to climate change and are now preparing a special issue for the International Journal of Urban and Regional Research.

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Publications

megastädte von morgen: laboratorien der zukunft?

Kraas, F., H. Sterly (2009): Me-gastädte von morgen: Laboratorien der Zukunft? Politische Ökologie 114: 50-52.

Global urban land-use trends and climate impacts

Seto K.C. & Shepherd J.M. (2009). Global urban land-use trends and climate impacts. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 1(1), 89-95.

Evolving rank-size Distributions of intra-metropolitan urban clusters in South china

Fragkias, M., Seto, K.C. (2009). Evolving rank-size distributions of intra-metropolitan urban clusters in South China. Computers Environment and Urban Systems, 33(3), 189-199. doi: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2008.08.005

building Safer communities. risk Governance, Spatial Planning and re-sponses to natural hazards

Urbano Fra Paleo (ed.) 2009, Building Safer Communities. Risk Governance, Spatial Planning and Responses to Natural Hazards, NATO Science for Peace and Security Series - E: Human and Societal Dynamics, Volume 58, 2009, ISBN 978-1-60750-046-9, IOS Press

learning to adapt to climate change in urban areas

Sanchez Rodriguez R. (2009). Learning to Adapt to Climate Change in Urban Areas. A Review of Recent Contributions. Cur-rent Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 1(2), 201–206. DOI 10.1016/j.cosust.2009.10.005

Disaster risk reduc-tion: cases from urban africa

Pelling, M and Wisner, B (2009) Disaster Risk Reduction: cases from urban Africa, Earthscan, London

Sprawl in taipei’s Peri-urban zone: responses to Spatial Planning and impli-cations for adapting Global Environmental change

Huang, S.-L. (2009). Sprawl in Taipei’s Peri-Urban Zone: Responses to Spatial Planning and Implications for Adapting Global Environmental Change. Landscape and Urban Planning, 90(1-2), 20-32. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.10.010

urban land markets, housing Develop-ment and Spatial Planning in Sub-Saharan africa: a case of uganda

Shuaib Lwasa, Urban Land Mar-kets, Housing Development and Spatial Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case of Uganda, (2009). Bibliography: ISBN: 978-1-60741-370-7 Nova Science Publishers

Outreach

We offer communication tools such as listservs, an electronic newslet-ter, and a website (www.ugec.org), to alert researchers to funding opportunities and other benefits of joining the network. The project’s e-newsletter was established in February 2007 and has been circu-lating bimonthly since. Such tools alert scholars and practitioners to various opportunities, which include being able to present the results of their research. These tools will also promote the goal of a dynamic IPO that seeks to ensure the flow of information among the UGEC SSC, the International Human Dimen-sions Programme on Global Environ-mental Change (IHDP) and its core projects, and the wider GEC research community.

Science–Policy

The UGEC Project conducts a variety of synthesis activities including publi-cations, workshops and conferences, which bring together policymakers, practitioners, urban planners, and other professionals from appropriate fields. These activities, geared towards interdisciplinary research and explo-ration, are imperative for furthering the interface between policymakers and researchers, and bridging the gap between science and policy. Highlight activities include: a session on adapt-ing urban areas to climate change during the International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU) confer-ence (March, 2009); and a session on the state-of-the-art systems in urban growth forecasting and their utility for practitioners, planners, policymak-ers, conservation agencies and other stakeholders during the IHDP Open Meeting (April, 2009).


The project is continuously develop-ing a broader diversity of scientific expertise in various disciplines and sub-disciplines and practical expertise (practitioners and decision-makers). In the past year we have formed new relationships with related initiatives and organisations and have expanded by two new project associates and four new UGEC endorsed projects. UGEC Associates are researchers and practitioners who define and shape the project and actively participate in, propose, or lead UGEC activi-ties. UGEC also seeks out applica-tions from research groups, young researchers, institutions and agencies worldwide to join the community through endorsement. These projects are integrated into the respective UGEC Regional Network’s portfolio of activities, as well as publication and outreach initiatives.

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Global carbon ProjEctGcP

Measuring, modelling and understanding the coupled human–environment system

The ESSP joint projects not only distil pertinent process-related research and knowledge from IHDP projects (and others), but also undertake research at global, regional and local scales that integrates knowledge into action-oriented products. They further cross the boundar-ies of social and natural sciences. The ESSP joint projects offer a genuine home base for the new type of interdisciplinary (and transdisciplinary) re-searcher, who is so urgently needed to tackle today’s environmental sustainabil-ity challenges.

ESSP PartnErS

DivErSitaS

an international Programme

of biodiversity Science

iGbP

international Geo–biosphere

Programme

ihDP

international human Dimen-

sions Programme on Global

Environmental change

wcrP

world climate research

Programme

ESSP joint ProjEctS

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Global EnvironmEntal chanGE &human hEalth GEchh

Towards global human health and wellbeing in a changing environment

contact

Earth System Science

Partnership headquarters

c/o DivErSitaS

mnhn, 57 rue cuvier - cP 41

75231 Paris cedex 05

France

t: +33 1 4079 8042

F: +33 1 4079 8045

www.essp.org

coorDinator:

martin rice

[email protected]

Global watEr SyStEmS ProjEct GwSP

Studying humans’ impact on the global water cycle and options for sustainable water management

Global EnvironmEntal chanGE & FooD SyStEmSGEcaFS

Improving food security in the face of global environ-mental change

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Global carbon ProjEct

mechanisms; vulnerability of carbon pools; and Urban and Regional Carbon Management (URCM). A greater emphasis is being placed on issues pertaining to carbon management, in-cluding an understanding of the possible unintended consequences of mitiga-tion actions. GCP is in the process of developing a revised research agenda beyond its ten year cycle and a new affiliated office in Korea University will be established by summer 2010.

The ESSP joint Global Carbon Project (GCP) integrates atmospheric, oceanic, terrestrial and human dimension compo-nents of the carbon–cli-mate–human system. The project aims to develop a complete picture of the global carbon cycle, in-cluding both its biophysical and human dimensions (including interactions and feedbacks). The project is well underway with a range of scientific activities. Some of the very active research tasks of GCP are on the Global Carbon Budget; carbon source-sink

canbErra, auStralia

cSiro Earth observation centre

GPo box 3023

canberra, act 2601, australia

t:+61 26246 5631

www.globalcarbonproject.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

Pep canadell

[email protected]

tSuKuba, jaPan

centre for Global Environ-

ment research, niES

16-2 onagawa, tsukuba,

ibaraki 305-8506 japan

t:+81 298 50 2672

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

Shobhakar Dhakal

[email protected]

KEyworDS

carbon cycle•

Processes and •

Feedbacks

carbon budget•

carbon •

management


What is the magnitude of carbon mitigation necessary to stabilise global temperature under 2 degrees centigrade?

inSiGht From 2009

The current fossil fuel emis-sion trajectory is tracking, if not surpassing, the most car-bon intense IPCC scenarios.

intErnational ProjEct oFFicES

GCP

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Policy Implications of GCP Research

EmiSSionS trajEctory

The current fossil fuel emis-sion trajectory is tracking if not surpassing the most car-bon intense IPCC scenarios.

For more information see: Le Quéré C, Raupach MR, Canadell JG, Marland G et al. (2009) Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide. Nature Geosci-ence, doi: 10.1038/ngeo689.

inEFFiciEnt natural SinKS

The efficiency of natural sinks to remove carbon dioxide is declining.For more information see: Canadell JG, Le Quéré C, Rau-pach MR, Field CB, Buitenhuis ET, Ciais P, Conway TJ, Gillett NP, Houghton RA, Marland G (2007) Contribu-tions to accelerating atmospheric CO2 growth from eco-nomic activity, carbon intensity, and efficiency of natural sinks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104: 18866–18870, doi_10.1073_pnas.0702737104

Financial criSiS & carbon

The growth in CO2 emissions for 2009 will decline by 2.8% due to the financial crisis but will begin its recovery in 2010.

FoSSil FuEl & lanD uSE

Global carbon emissions from fossil fuel and land use were 8.7 PgC and 1.2 PgC respec-tively in 2008, of which 55% was absorbed by natural (land and ocean) CO2 sinks.


The single largest added value of the GCP is the integration of multiple components of the carbon cycle into a coherent and consistent picture, including the natural (e.g. carbon sources and sinks of the natural car-bon cycle) and human components (e.g. population, economic growth, carbon intensity of the economy, mitigation strategies). This integra-tion is implemented at the global and regional scales, including urban regions, to understand i) the drivers of atmospheric CO2 accumulation, ii) the magnitude of the carbon–climate feedback, and iii) points of intervention in managing future carbon trajectories which requires an integration of mitigation strate-gies and the dynamics of the natural environment.

Major scientific findings result-ed from the new analyses of recent trends in the global carbon cycle.

Global carbon

buDGEt

The annual release of Global Carbon Budget (1958-2008) by GCP in Novem-ber 2009 was very well received by scientific and policy communities, as well as the interna-tional media.

intErnational

attEntion

GCP’s work, both on global urban carbon estimations and in countries such as China, has created widespread international atten-tion for the project.

Key EventsHighlights

13-16 oct 2009 cape town, South africa

biodiversity and carbon Symposium. contact: Guy midgley and Pep canadell

17-18 Feb 2009 nagoya, japan

towards low carbon cities: understanding and analysing urban Energy and carbon – international workshop. contact: Shobhakar Dhakal

16 nov 2009 tokyo, japan

cities and carbon management: towards Enhanc-ing Science–Policy linkages. contact: Dr Shobhakar Dhakal and Professor Keisuke hanaki

16 Feb 2009 nagoya, japan

realising low carbon cities: bridg-ing Science and Policy – international Symposium. contact: Shobhakar Dhakal

27-29 jan 2009 Santa barbara, uSa

Full radiative Forcing of Forests. contact: jim randerson, rob jackson, Pep canadell

8-11 jan 2009 Khon Kaen, thailand

monsoon asia tropi-cal Forest carbon Dynamics and Sus-tainability. contact: alfredo huete

SynthESiS

ProDuctS

•SpecialissueinEnergy Policy Jour-nal on Cities and Carbon Emissions (to be published).•RECCAPsynthe-ses activities are progressing.•SpecialissueinJournal Current Opinion in Environ-mental Sustainabil-ity (in preparation).•Newglobalas-sessment on the size and distribu-tion of the perma-frost carboon pool.•Theroleofmeth-ane hydrates in climate change and energy provision.

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Experience with media communi-cations, regarding carbon budgets, has shown that integrative/synthetic science products that are released and updated regularly, with a direct connection to policy processes, are in great demand and fulfil a key role for science in the policy making process. GCP’s science policy symposiums (one in February 2009 and another in November 2009), organised on urban carbon issues, have helped to both communicate with broader stake-holders, including city governments, and share GCP future research needs.

Science–Policy and Outreach

GCP’s annual Global Carbon Budget 2008 has become a regular source of relevant data to current discus-sions on the size of human perturba-tions and the magnitude of climate change. The data is often quoted by policy makers, governments and UN processes, including the recent UNFCCC COP-15. On two occa-sions, GCP has published a Policy Brief with UNESCO, UNEP and SCOPE, which is delivered to many UN events and is a key tool in its outreach to the policy community. In addition, GCP contributes to the Newsletter and Bulletins of the spon-sors, hosts of GCP offices and other partner programmes regularly (such as IGBP, CCGER/NIES and others).


GCP has been contributing to capac-ity development by inviting research-ers (student and post-doc) from developed and developing countries, to present and interact in its meetings, workshops and symposiums. Close communications with the START network has also been kept intact. A joint proposal for running a week long capacity building workshop for researchers from developing countries in Tokyo in 2010 has been developed with IHDP’s Earth System Gover-nance Project, which seems to have good prospects for funding by APN in 2010. Further, GCP contributes to capacity building activities developed by other partner programmes and sponsors on a when-it-happens basis.


the human Perturba-tion of the carbon cycle

Canadell J, Cias P, Dhakal S, LeQuere C, Patwardhan A and Raupach M (2009). The Human Perturbation of the Carbon Cycle, Policy Brief, UNESCO-SCOPE-UNEP, November 2009- No.10.

current and Future co2 Emissions from Drained Peatlands in Southeast asia

Hooijer A, Page S, Canadell JG, , Silvius M, Kwadijk J, Wösten H, Jauhiainen J (2009) Current and future CO2 emissions from drained peatlands in Southeast Asia.Biogeosciences-Discuss. 6, 7207–7230. Online access: http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/6/7207/2009/ Published July 2009.

trends in the Sources and Sinks of carbon Dioxide

Corinne LQ, Raupach MR, Canadell JG, Marland G, Bopp L, Ciais P, Conway TJ, Doney SC, Feely RA, Foster P, Friedlingstein P, Gurney K, Houghton R, House JI, Huntingford C., Levy PE, Lomas MR, Majkut J., Metzl N., Ometto JP, Peters GP, Prentice C., Randerson JT, Running SW, Sarmiento JL, Schuster U, Sitch S, Takahashi T, Viovy N, van der Werf GR, Woodward FI (2009). Trends in the sources and sinks of carbon dioxide, Nature, doi: 10.1038/ngeo689.

tackling china’s ur-ban carbon Emissions

Dhakal, S. (2009). Tackling China’s Urban carbon Emissions, Global Change, Issue 74, Winter 2009. In-ternational Geosphere–Biosphere Programme.

Greenhouse Gas Emission baselines for Global cities and metropolitan regions

Kennedy, C., Ramaswami, A., Carney, S., and Dhakal, S. (2009). Greenhouse Gas Emission Base-lines for Global Cities and Metro-politan Regions. Commissioned paper by the World Bank for the Urban Research Symposium on Cities and Climate Change, Marseille, 28-30 June 2009.

co2 Emissions and carbon management in cities

Dhakal S. and Shrestha RM (edited). Special Issues in Energy Policy Journal on CO2 Emissions and Carbon Management in Cit-ies (forthcoming in early 2010)

urban Energy use and carbon Emis-sions from cities in china and Policy implications

Dhakal, S. (2009). Urban energy use and carbon emissions from cities in China and policy implications, Energy Policy, 37 (2009) 4208–4219 (doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2009.05.020).

bridging the research Gaps for carbon Emissions and their management in cities

Dhakal, S. and Shrestha RM (2009). Bridging the research gaps for carbon emissions and their management in cities. Energy Policy, DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.12.001]

Gas hydrates: En-trance to a methane age or climate threat?

Krey V, Canadell JG, Nakicenovic N, Abe N, Andruleit H, Archer D, Grubler A, Hamilton NTM, Johnson A, Kostov V, Lamarque J, Langhorne N, Nisbet EG, O’Neill B, Riahi K, Riedel M, Wang W, Yakushev V(2009) Gas Hydrates: Entrance to a Methane Age or Climate Threat? Environmen-tal Research Letters 4: 1-6, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/4/3/034007

Systematic observa-tions of the Global carbon cycle

Scholes RJ, Monteiro PS, Sabine C, Canadell, JG (2009) Systematic Observations of the Global Car-bon Cycle. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 1098: 1-4

Energy Demand and carbon Emissions under Different De-velopment Scenarios for Shanghai, china

Li Li., Chen, C., Xie, S., Huang, C., Cheng, Z., Wang, H., Huang, H., Lu, J., and Dhakal, S. (2009). Energy demand and carbon emis-sions under different development scenarios for Shanghai, China. Energy Policy, doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2009.08.048

low carbon trans-port in asia: Strate-gies for optimizing co-benefits

Zusman, Eric, Ancha Srinivasan and Shobhakar Dhakal, eds. 2010. Low Carbon Transport in Asia: Strategies for Optimizing Co-benefits, London: Earthscan. Forthcoming in 2010.

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How to develop an integrated and disciplinary-balanced food security/GEC research agenda that will satisfy food demand while reducing envi-ronmental impact?

inSiGht From 2009

GECAFS coordinated a major proposal for a collab-orative CGIAR/ESSP 10-year, ~US$25M/year, CGIAR Chal-lenge Programme “Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security” (CCAFS). This will link the best climate and en-vironmental science with the de-velopment agriculture agenda.


Environmental change institute,

university of oxford centre for

the Environment

South Parks road

oxford, ox1 3qy, uK

t:+44 1865 285 175

www.gecafs.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

john ingram

[email protected]

KEyworDS

Food Security•

Food Systems•

Decision Support•

integrated Sce-•

nario analysis

tradeoff •

analysis

Science–Policy •

interface

The ESSP joint project Global Envi-ronmental Change and Food Systems (GECAFS) was launched in 2001 to determine strategies to cope with the impacts of GEC on food systems and to assess the environmental and socio–economic consequences of adaptive responses aimed at improv-ing food security. In addition to setting a comprehensive, interdisci-plinary GEC research agenda on the links between environment and food security, GECAFS established, from the outset, formal research partner-ships with three international organi-sations concerned with GEC, food and agriculture: the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR); the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); and

the UN World Meteorological Orga-nization (WMO).

The interactions between food security and global environmental change (GEC) are of rapidly-increasing interest to a wide range of stakehold-ers including researchers, donors, policymakers and the public at large. GECAFS hence addresses three major questions: (i) How will climate change affect the food systems that underpin the food security of an ever growing population? (ii) What combinations of technical and policy adaptation strategies would be most appropriate for different regions of the world?And (iii) What will be the environmental consequences of adapting our food systems to added stresses?

Global EnvironmEntal chanGE & FooD SyStEmS GECAFS

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Policy Implications of GECAFS Research

Food Security and Global Environmental change

GECAFS synthesis book entitled Food Security and Global Environ-mental Change largely prepared (publication by Earthscan late 2010).

Governing Food Sys-tems in the context of Global Environ-mental change

IHDP UPDATE Governance as a Crosscutting Theme in Human Dimensions Science, Issue 3, pp59-64, 2009. D.M. Liverman, P.J. Ericksen, J.S.I. Ingram.

Food security and global environmental change: emerging challenges

Special issue of Environmental Science and Policy on “Food Secu-rity and Environmental Change”, vol 12, iss 4, Ericksen, P. J., J.S.I. Ingram, D.M. Liverman 2009.

Food system concepts

ESF/COST Forward Look on Euro-pean Food Systems in a Changing World. ISBN: 2-912049-96-2 J.S.I. Ingram.

regional brochures on Food Security

In addition to an overall brochure about the project, GECAFS also produced a series of brochures about food security in Southern Africa, the Caribbean, and the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

conSEquEncES For FooD SEcurity

The consequences of changes in food system activities (i.e. adaptation) need to be taken into account for food security outcomes, for example, its relation to food availability, food access and food utilisation.

FooD SyStEm vS. FooD ProDuction

The full range of food system activities needs to be considered in policy making to support food security, not just the production of food.

EnvironmEntal conSEquEncES

Include greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental consequences from the full range of food system activities, not just from producing food.


High-Level Briefing on Food Security in the Indo-Gangetic Plains

February 2009: GECAFS high level Briefing on “Environmental Change and Food Security in the Indo-Gangetic Plains”. The Briefing took place in Delhi and was spon-sored by GECAFS, Research Coun-cils UK and the CGIAR-Rice Wheat Consortium. A key note address was given by Professor Swaminathan, followed by presentations of regional research from each of the GECAFS IGP case study districts. Remarks on the GECAFS case studies in the context of national priorities were provided by experts from the region.

Food Security Conference Results Published in Special Issue.

June 2009: Following on from the conference that GECAFS held in April 2008 entitled ‘Food Security and Environmental Change: Linking

Science, Development and Policy for Adaptation’, a selection of papers that came from the conference was pub-lished in a special issue of Environ-mental Science and Policy. The issue (Vol. 12[4]) was edited by Dr. Polly Ericksen, John Ingram and Professor Diana Liverman.

GECAFS Synthesis WorkshopSept 2009: The GECAFS Syn-

thesis Workshop refined the original outline for the synthesis project, drawing on work from other projects and research groups. A synthesis vol-ume was planned in detail, including a forward looking section. The book will be published by Earthscan in late 2010.

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Science–Policy Events

nov 2009

Presentation to all Party Parliamentary Group in the uK.

may 2009 berlin, Germany

Food security and Global Environmental change contributions to Gtz, DFiD, world bank discussions.

nov 2009 london, uK

inputs to uS State Department world hunger Strategy discussions.

march 2009 beijing, china

Food security/GEc contributions to high-level uK–china discussions.

ScEnarioS ProjEct

A scenarios project was developed in 2009 in partner-ship with CCAFS, which will help identify regional and national adaptation options for food security. This three year project will develop and use integrated participatory scenarios to improve strategic decision-making to resolve the tradeoffs among agri-cultural development, food security and environment goals that will arise as a result of adapting food systems to socio–economic and environ-mental change.

Feb 2009 Delhi, india

GEcaFS high level briefing on “Envi-ronmental change and Food Security in the indo-Gangetic Plains”. (See scien-tific highlights).

Outreach Activities

oct 2009 Prague, czech republic

Food Security discus-sion at Greenpeace conference.

oct 2009 oxford, uK

Presentation to local high schools.

Outreach

As the public interest in climate change and food security rapidly grows, GECAFS has been called upon to have increasingly frequent engagement with the general public. Outreach activities ranged from pre-sentations to schools and the general public around Oxford, to presenta-tions and discussions at interna-tional conferences. A set of Summary Briefs of key GECAFS concepts and regional issues was developed and widely distributed.

Science–Policy

GECAFS has placed considerable emphasis on addressing the science–policy interface and has endeavoured to establish the information need of the policy process at the outset of research planning. This has resulted in regional science plans receiving the endorsement of major regional policy organisations. Further, the dialogue with the policy process has been maintained throughout the project and several events have been specifically targeted towards this.


Dr. Polly Ericksen, the GECAFS Sci-ence Officer, travelled to the Austra-lian National University (ANU) in Canberra to give a series of lectures and a master class on food systems and GEC in April 2009. Dr. Ericksen also fed into the AusAID Australian Leadership Award Fellowship grant programme, which included four GECAFS investigators, who were awarded grants to participate in the programme.

In addition, Dr. Ericksen super-vised a number of Masters students within the University of Oxford’s School of Geography and the Environment.

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2010 rESEarch

quEStion

How will policy options on global environmental change, health and water ensure a healthier and more sustainable future?

inSiGht From 2009

The H1N1 pandemic demonstrated that even with forward planning, our under-standing of the relationships between global environmental change and human health remains limited and that the global change community needs to focus its en-ergies on increasing its understanding of these relationships and how this science can be translated into global policies for mitigation and adaption.

Global EnvironmEntal chanGE & human hEalth


unu-inwEh

175 longwood road South

Suite 204

hamilton, on l8P 0a1, canada

t:+1 905 667 5511

www.gechh.unu.edu

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

lucilla Spini, D. Phil

[email protected]

KEyworDS

human health•

Global Environ-•

mental change

health risks•

adaptation •

Strategies

research, train-•

ing, networking

and capacity

building

Global Environmental Change and Human Health (GECHH) is the fourth joint project within the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). It is being developed as a logical complement to the three ongoing ESSP projects. Those three projects address the global carbon cycle (Glob-al Carbon Project, GCP), the global water system (Global Water System Project, GWSP), and food systems (Global Environmental Change and Food Systems, GECAFS). Changes in each of those three systems influence, via diverse pathways, human wellbe-ing and health. The GECHH Project has identified a set of key types of global environmental change that are known or suspected to have signifi-cant consequences for human health.

The evolving Science Plan explores priorities and settings for the future coordinated international study of these relationships, taking into ac-count the complexities of concurrent-ly acting environmental changes and the importance of socio–economic and cultural contexts as modifiers of community vulnerability.

In 2010, GECHH plans to focus on identifying the scientific and policy research gaps in environmen-tal change, water and health at the local, regional, national and interna-tional scales, through a symposium to be held in partnership with the United Nations University – Insti-tute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH).

GECHH

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Policy Implications of GECHH Research

caPacity DEvEloPmEnt

To enhance scientific capacity through the training of a new generation of scien-tists and policy-makers who understand the implications of GECHH’s research at various levels and who are prepared to bring science and policy together to reduce the consequences of global envi-ronmental change on human health.

mitiGation & aDaPtation StratEGiES

To use the best earth system science to identify and promote mitigation and adaptation strategies at the local, national and international level that will reduce the negative effects of global environ-mental change and their consequent effects on human health.

contributE to imPlEmEntation

To provide scientific contributions to-wards the implementation of multilateral environmental agreements and related international environment/development goals and targets on issues concerning human health and the changing environ-ment.


As this ESSP joint project on GECHH is only at the implementa-tion stage, it is too early to report scientific results, its impacts and the responsiveness of the project at set-ting research agendas. However, the added value of this project is clear in that it seeks to identify and quantify current health impacts of GEC and to forecast future ones. These scenarios of future health impacts will form a new, dynamic and integrative node in the developing domain of Earth System Science.

Specific project landmarks in 2009 included convening the second GECHH Scientific Committee meet-ing (Dublin, Ireland, 24-25 August 2009) in conjunction with the Con-ference of the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology where SSC members participated and a project paper was presented by Professor Manuel Cesario. In January

2009, Professor Mark Rosenberg, Co-Chair, represented GECHH and the International Geographical Union (IGU) at a workshop convened by the Geounions Group of the IGU and ICSU-ROA in Pretoria (South Africa) to develop a response to the ICSU Systems Analysis Approach to Health and Well-being in the Urban Environment (SHWB). The GECHH Project was also a co-sponsor of a workshop for young scientists in Beijing (China) in November 2009. The theme of the workshop was health and the environment in the Beijing-Tianjin region. The work-shop was hosted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research and was funded by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology. The co-organisers were Dr. Thomas Krafft (Chair of the IHDP Advisory Group on Health),

Professor Wuyi Wang (Chair, IGU Commission on Health and the Envi-ronment and steering group mem-ber of the IHDP Advisory Group on Health) and Professor Mark Rosenberg (GECCH Co-Chair and Member of the steering group of the IHDP Advisory Group on Health). In November 2009, the project also participated at the Global Earth Observations System of Systems (GEOSS) workshop on Using Earth Observations for Health in Washing-ton, D.C, with project representation and presentations by SSC member, Professor Andy Morse. In Decem-ber 2009, at the European Union/Karolinska Institute Global Health Seminar, SSC member, Dr. Elisabet Lindgren, presented the GECHH Project. SSC members, Professors Úrsula Oswald-Spring and Andy Morse drafted a Project Summary for policymakers.

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Key Events aug 2009 Dublin, ireland

GEchh Scientific Steering committee meeting

jan 2009 Pretoria, South africa

workshop on icSu Systems analysis approach to urban health and well-being

nov 2009 beijing, china

workshop on health and the Environment in the beijing-tianjin region

nov 2009 washington Dc, uSa

Global Earth obser-vations System of Systems (GEoSS) workshop on using Earth observations for health

Dec 2009 Stockholm, Sweden

GEchh Presentation at European union/ Karolinska insti-tute Global health Seminar


In 2009, the Project Co-Chairs ne-gotiated an IPO agreement with the United Nations University – Institute for Water, Health and the Environ-ment (UNU-INWEH). The IPO is now located at the McMaster In-novation Park in Hamilton, Canada. In partnership with UNU-INWEH, the Project Co-Chairs recruited Dr. Lucilla Spini to be the GECHH’s Project Officer.

At its meeting in Dublin (Ire-land), the SSC produced policies on procedures for linking flagship projects to the GECHH and contin-ued to develop its relationships with the International Society for Envi-ronmental Epidemiology, EcoHealth, Wildlife Trust, WHO, PAHO and GEOSS. Professor Rosenberg is participating in the development of an environmental health network in southern Africa being led by Dr. Caradee Wright of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) of South Africa.

Science Policy

GECHH SSC members participated in science policy sessions at vari-ous international meetings in 2009. Professor Úrsula Oswald- Spring spoke on desertification, land, water, food, and forced migration at a UN meeting in New York in May 2009. At the International Society for En-vironmental Epidemiology meeting in Dublin (Ireland) in August 2009, various SSC members presented papers and spoke in panel sessions. Professor Tony McMichael gave a plenary address on climate change, health and policy implications at the annual meeting of the European Pub-lic Health Association meeting and Professor Mark Rosenberg spoke at an invited session on the policy im-plications of syndromic disease sur-veillance. Professor Rosenberg gave a keynote address on global health and governance at the 2nd Workshop on Environmental Change and Health Security in Beijing-Tianjin Urban Area: Vulnerability and Vulnerable Groups.

Outreach

With the agreement to create an IPO in conjunction with UNU-INWEH and the hiring of Dr. Lucilla Spini, GECHH has moved into a new phase of outreach, including the launch of a new website and communication tools. The SC has put into place a programme of symposia to be held annually from 2010 to 2012 on the themes of: GEC, health and water quality (in conjunction with UNU-INWEH in 2010); GEC, health and food security (to be held in Australia in 2011); and GEC, health and eco-system services (to be held in South Africa in 2012).

The SSC and IPO are also work-ing on training programmes to be delivered virtually and through “sum-mer schools” to be held in various regions between 2010 and 2012.

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Global watEr SyStEmS ProjEct

2010 rESEarch

quEStion

Where are the most neuralgic wa-ter demand/avail-ability hot spots in the world? What are the reasons and what are the perspectives?

inSiGht From 2009

Uneven physical distribution of water is aggravated by the lack of expertise, institutions and technical capacities to manage water sustainably. The “looming water crisis” has been identified as more of a governance than resource availability crisis.


walter-Flex-Strasse 3

D-53113 bonn

Germany

t:+49 (0) 228 73 6188

www.gwsp.org

ExEcutivE oFFicEr

janos bogardi

[email protected]

KEyworDS

Global water System•

water Governance•

basin Scale water •

management

integrated water resources •

management

Ecosystem and human •

water needs

Global change and •

hydrological cycle

The ESSP joint Global Water Sys-tem Project (GWSP) was launched in 2004 to foster understanding of how human actions are changing the global water system and what environmental and socio–economic feedbacks arise from the anthropo-genic changes in the global water sys-tem. This includes a strong interest in the development and vulnerability of patterns of human use of freshwater and in the role of governance systems in managing the resultant activities in a manner that enhances resilience and supply reliability, even in the face of occurrences like substantial inter-annual variability in flows of water resources. In order to ensure product delivery, the Executive Committee identified three Integrative Study

Areas (ISA) within which the imple-mentation of the tasks of the Scien-tific Framework will be coordinated and the delivery of truly integrated and interdisciplinary research results will be secured. ISA’s are targeted towards the production of scientifi-cally outstanding and highly policy-relevant results.

GWSP

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the Evolution of the law and Politics of water

Dellapenna, J. and J. Gupta (eds.) (2009). The Evolution of the Law and Politics of Water, Springer Verlag, Dordrecht

From headwater to the ocean: hydro-logical change and watershed manage-ment

Taniguchi, M et al. (eds.) (2009) From Headwater to the Ocean: Hy-drological Change and Watershed Management, Taylor & Francis, London, UK, 679 pp.

Global water news no. 8

GWSP Newsletter “Global Water News” No. 8 published in July 2009, 2500 copies circulated to 1700 researchers, practitioners, managers, and policymakers from all over the world. Online version downloadable at the gwsp.org website.

Dynamics and vulnerability of Delta Systems

Overeem, I. & Syvitski, J.P.M. (2009) Dynamics and Vulnerability of Delta Systems. LOICZ Reports & Studies No. 35. GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, 54 pages. (Joint LOICZ-GWSP publication)

Future water avail-ability for Global Food Production: the Potential of Green water for increasing resilience to Global change

J. Rockström, M. Falkenmark, L. Karlberg, H. Hoff, S. Rost, D. Gerten (2009) Future Water Avail-ability for Global Food Produc-tion: The Potential of Green Water for Increasing Resilience to Global Change. Water Resources Research 45, 16 pages

Global alteration of Freshwaters: influences on human and Environmental well-being

Robert J. Naiman, David Dudgeon (2009) Global Alteration of Freshwaters: Influences on Human and Environmental Well-Being, Ecological Research: in print

Die ressourcenfrage aus Sicht der uno

Bogardi, J. (2009) Die Ressourcen-frage aus Sicht der UNO. In: Braun,R., Brickwedde,F., Held,T., Neugebohrn,E., and Uexküll,O.v. (eds), Kriege um Ressourcen - Herausforderungen für das 21. Jah-rhundert. 146-151, oekom verlag (Gesellschaft für ökologische Kommunikation mbH), München, Germany.


Integrative Study Areas and Expert Groups

Based on a concept developed by the IPO, the Executive Committee of the GWSP agreed at its meeting in Amsterdam in February 2007 on the establishment of a set of so-called ‘Integrative Study Areas’ and as-sociated ‘Expert Groups’, as a new strategic approach for the implemen-tation of GWSP activities. The SSC at its 5th Session in Brisbane, Australia, 25-27 August, 2007, approved this new implementation strategy, which was pursued successfully by the respective working groups over the years 2008 and in particular 2009, in spite of the temporary interruption of the work of the IPO. The working groups continued to work based on subcontracts.

Three Integrative Study Areas (ISA) had been identified within which the implementation of the tasks of the Scientific Framework were co-ordinated and the delivery of truly integrated and interdisciplinary

research results were secured. ISA’s are targeted towards the produc-tion of scientifically outstanding, highly policy-relevant results. For the delivery of these results, an integra-tion of activities across themes and sub-themes of the Scientific Frame-work, as well as across disciplines, was a prerequisite. In this way, the ISA’s provided a strategic approach for focused studies and an overall integration and synthesis of project results.

Three Global InitiativesGlobal Scale Initiative (GSI): Rank-•ing of Threats to the Global Water SystemGlobal Catchment Initiative (GCI): •Bringing the Global Perspective to River Basin Research and Manage-mentGlobal Water Needs Initiative •(GWNI): Assessment of the Water Needs of Humans and Ecosystems

Policy Implications of GWSP Research

watEr criSiS & GovErnancE

The water crisis is principally a gover-nance crisis. Global water governance and integrated water resources man-agement at all scales are primordial in achieving “water security”.

comPEtinG DEmanDS

There is an urgent need to define both the water needs of ecosystems (aquatic, terrestrial) and sustainability of ecosys-tems and their services to mankind.

watEr rESourcE StrESSorS

Water demand increases due to popula-tion growth, standard of living, food pro-duction needs, etc. stress water resources four times as much as climate change.

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Key Events

october 2009 Stellenbosch, South africa

Global water Systems Project Scientific Steering committee meeting.


Session organised on water Governance at the ihDP open meet-ing 2009.

oct & nov 2009 cologne, aachen Germany

lectures on the global water system and global water problems at the university of applied Sciences cologne and technical university of aachen.

December 2009 Germany

Participation in the preparatory work-shop in a conference on the status of water Science to be held end of 2010 in Germany.

Outreach

The water lectures series at ZEF in Bonn, Germany: a local GWSP activity together with the Center for Development Research (IPO host institution) and the Institute for Environment and Human Security of the United Nations University and the UN Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development. Monthly water lectures or panel discussions were held.

GWSP participated in the Eu-ropean and Mediterranean Work-shop on “Climate Change Impact on Water-related and Marine Risks” held in Murcia, Spain, with a presen-tation addressing potential changes of floods in Germany due to climate change. GWSP participated in the conference of the Earth System Governance Project of IHDP: People, Places and the Planet held in Decem-ber in Amsterdam. Further, GWSP was present at the international workshop on Water and Health in Koblenz and contributed to the workshop on Global Monitoring for Environment and Security organised by UN SPIDER.

After the interruption of over nine months (September 2008 - May 2009), the reorganised IPO has re-sumed its activities and represented GWSP in several events, thus laying the basis for further active pres-ence and impact in the global water debate.

aug & nov 2009 bonn, Germany

brainstorming ses-sions on the “bonn a Global water city” initiative.

march 2009 bonn, Germany

“teaching adaptive water management – a training course for instructors” by the newater project hosted by the unu institute for Environ-ment and human Security (unu-EhS).

Science–Policy

The scientific challenge of GWSP is eminently policy relevant. Instead of being seen as a mere subsector af-fected by climate change, water is to be featured and scientifically proven as prominently present, further shaping the multiple dimensions of global environmental change and socio–economic development. Be-ing used, consumed and impacted, but also being a resource to catalyse development and cooperation, water is an integral part of ecosystems and human societies alike. Univer-sally, yet unevenly distributed in the atmosphere, terrestrial and marine systems, the global hydrological cycle and its alterations are acting rather as an amplifier of global changes, among them, climate change.


GWSP has actively contributed to the elaboration of the concept of the graduate school “Bonn Interdisci-plinary Graduate School on Risk and Uncertainty”, with water as a core demonstration area. Partners in this initiative include five faculties from the University of Bonn. Other educa-tional involvement includes lectures on the global water system and global water problems (October/Novem-ber 2009), held at FH Cologne and the Technical University of Aachen. Finally, one of the key products of GWSP is the Digital Water Atlas. In 2009, the review and renewal process has started, which includes securing the hardware base, but also revision of the content and further develop-ment as a public source for research, education and awareness raising.

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ProjEct initiativES

IHDP is currently working on two new project initia-tives. These initiatives are potential IHDP projects that are in the process of preparing and reviewing a science plan. Following the review process and subsequent approval by the IHDP Scientific Com-mittee, the initiatives will be introduced as full core projects within IHDP’s scientific portfolio.

KnowlEDGE, lEarninG & SociEtal chanGEKlSc

Transitioning to a sustainable future through knowledge and learning

intEGratED riSK GovErnancEirG-Project

Learning to deal with risks that exceed current coping capacities

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intEGratED riSK GovErnancE

the Integrated Risk Governance (IRG-Project) initiative is meant to direct attention to a number of concerns including: policies designed to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and communities to the impacts of extreme events; decision making processes relating to the establishment and deployment of response capabilities; and institutional arrangements (e.g. insurance schemes) capable of protect-ing individuals from the worst impacts of extreme events.

The IRG-Project aims to iden-tify mechanisms, trends, impacts and predictability of risks in the context of global environmental change and develop risk assessment models and methods for integrated risk simulation.

In recent years, the increased frequen-cy of exceptional weather and climate hazards due to global warming has intensified disaster risks, as has been gradually demonstrated in meteorolog-ical observation data from all over the world. Yet societies face risks not only from weather conditions, but also from negative effects of the normal opera-tion of some of the world’s infrastruc-tures and the service capacity of the earth’s ecological system. International frameworks, national governments, as well as governance bodies at all levels, have expressed strong interest in improved risk governance systems, such as is reflected in the United Na-tions International Strategy on Disaster Reduction (UN-ISDR).

The emphasis on governance in

contact

www.irg-project.org

Dr. qian

beijing normal university

[email protected]

Elke henning

European climate Forum e.v.

henning@european-climate-

forum.net

Falk Schmidt

ihDP Secretariat

[email protected]

KEyworDS

risk •

large Scale risks

Disasters•

Socio–economic •

Systems

Entry- and Exit •

transitions

Governance•

risk modelling•


What are the entry- and exit-transitions of large scale disasters, and what are their governing factors and param-eters?

inSiGht From 2009

We need to review exist-ing risk models including models developed and used in academia, models developed and used in government agen-cies, and models developed and used in the insurance industry.

IRG-Project

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DEal with collatEral EvEntS

We need to strengthen institutional capacities to deal with collateral events which may be triggered by a main or initial event.

DiaGnoSE imPactS

We need to strengthen institutional ca-pacities in the context of diagnosing the impacts of catastrophic disasters.

irG-ProjEct rESEarch aimS

IRG-Project research aims at making sig-nificant contributions to policy applica-tions and training for decision makers.

Policy Implications of IRG-Project Research


2009 brought several scientific highlights for the IRG-Project. Among these were the com-mencement of a fruitful and ongoing collabora-tion with the GSD Project (a European network on complex systems); the completion of a collabora-tive project on economic risks with the German Ministry for the Environ-ment; and the hosting of the IRG-Project Sum-mer School, held at the Summer Institute for Advanced Study of Disas-ter and Risk at Beijing’s Normal University, China. Of significant importance was the publication of the IRG-Project Science Plan in English and Chinese for review in April 2009. This was later submit-ted as a revised version


Extreme Events and Disasters: a window of opportunity for change?

Birkmann, J.; Buckle, P.; Jaeger, J.; Pelling, M.; Setiadi, N.; Garscha-gen, M.; Fernando, N.; Kropp, J.: Extreme events and disasters: a window of opportunity for change? Analysis of organisational, institutional and political changes, formal and informal responses after mega-disasters. In: Natural Hazards, 2009.

climate change and modelling of Extreme temperatures in Switzerland

Siliverstovs, B.; Ötsch, R.; Kem-fert, C.; Jaeger, C. C.; Haas, A.; Kremers, H. Climate change and modelling of extreme tempera-tures in Switzerland. In: Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2009.

Geo-engineering cli-mate by Stratospher-ic Sulfur injections: Earth System vulner-ability to technologi-cal Failure

Brovkin, V.; Petoukhov, V.; Claussen, M.; Bauer, E.; Archer, D.; Jaeger, C. Geo-engineering climate by stratospheric sulfur injections: Earth system vulnerability to technological failure, In: Climatic Change, 2009

Key Events

oct 2009 Kyoto, japan

9th iiaSa-DPri conference on inte-grated Disaster risk management.

Sept 2009 bangkok, thailand

2nd conference of the oEcD international network on Financial management of large Scale catastrophes.

may 2009 beijing, china

the asian conference on risk assessment and management 2009 (Earam-2009).

april 2009 bonn, Germany


may 2009 beijing, china

modelling for Sustain-ability, workshop of irG-Project and Global System Dynamics and Policies (GSD Project).

aug 2009 beijing, china

2009 Summer insti-tute for advanced Study of Disaster and risk, Summer School of irG-Project at the beijing normal university.

in October 2009 with the finalisation of the Science Plan occurring in China and Germany. Besides these activities, IRG-Project further delivered its report on “Catastrophe Governance Case Analy-sis” in April 2009. This report included the “Chi-nese Paradigm of Catas-trophe Risk Governance”, which was based on an analysis of two case stud-ies concerning the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and South-China freezing rain and snowstorm of that same year..

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ein

KnowlEDGE lEarninG & SociEtal chanGE

opment towards a more sustainable global system.

The mission of the KLSC Project is to produce new funda-mental and practical knowledge on the interplay between knowledge, learning, and societal change for the transition to a sustainable future at multiple temporal and spatial scales through the combined efforts of a collaborative community of research-ers, practitioners, and stakeholders.

The Knowledge, Learning, and So-cietal Change (KLSC) Project of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmen-tal Change (IHDP) aims to better understand and explain the knowl-edge–learning–action gap, so that steps can be taken to help societies move in more sustainable directions. Developing strategies for appropri-ate action requires greater insight into the drivers of global change and the behavioral transitions needed to avoid or respond effectively to possible effects. Understanding the complex mechanisms, dynamics and outcomes of the interplay between knowledge, learning, and societal change will be crucial in guiding optimal policies and societal devel-

contact PErSonS

ilan chabay

university of Gothenburg

Gothenburg, Sweden

[email protected]

KEyworDS

Knowledge Systems•

Social learning, and Societal •

change as an integrated

Domain of research

Evolution of Social attitudes •

and actions from Knowledge

and learning

barriers to and Enablers of •

Societal change

action research•

2010 rESEarch

quEStion

How can societal change towards sustainability be promoted through knowledge and learning?

KLSC

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inSiGht From 2009

A cross-cutting initiative under IHDP can only play a role in societal change processes when is it set up in a practi-cal and applied manner that brings together scientists, practitioners and stakeholders to develop scientific insights and test ideas through iterative action research carried out in real situ-ations .


In February 2009, the Scientific Planning Committee convened in New York to discuss the central ideas and directions of the project. The meeting was kindly hosted by the Earth Institute at Columbia University and helped to gener-ate several ideas and conceptual approaches to structure the work of the SPC. The results were turned into a rough outline paper of the initiative that provided the basis for further discussions.

At the next meeting in April 2009, a smaller writing group met in Bonn back-to-back with the IHDP Open Meeting 2009 and in August 2009 in Berne, Switzerland, upon in-

vitation from the Swiss Academy of the Social Sciences. The group de-veloped a new structure and guiding questions for the science plan that was turned into a larger document after the meeting. It developed fur-ther after several rounds of iteration among the authors. This is planned to be submitted for review in 2010.

Feb 2009 new york city, uSa

Scientific Planning committee meeting at the Earth institute

aug 2009 berne, Switzerland

authors workshop in berne, Swiss acad-emy of the Social Sciences

apr 2009 bonn, Germany

Presentation of the initiative at the ihDP open meeting 2009 as part of the session “the new ihDP re-search Projects and initiatives”

apr 2009 bonn, Germany

authors workshop in bonn

KEy EvEntS

lEaDinG towarDS SuStain-

ablE PracticE

At the core of the project, is the generation of a new community of research, ac-tion, and reflection, leading to more sustainable prac-tice in society. In achieving this, KLSC includes the use of science–society–policy dialogues within its activi-ties, to better understand and support the integration of knowledge and practice with policy.

Policy Implications of KLSC Research

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IHDP endorses and part-ners with various research networks that work in areas related to the human dimensions of global envi-ronmental change. These networks play an impor-tant role in strengthening the Programme’s capacity development and science–policy interaction goals, while further contributing to IHDP’s overall scien-tific portfolio and research needs.

SPonSorED rESEarch nEtworKS &

StratEGic PartnErS

PoPulation– EnvironmEnt rESEarch nEtworK

PErn

Advancing research on pop-ulation and the environ-ment by promoting online scientific exchange

mountain rESEarch initiativEmri

Fostering research on global changes in mountain regions

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SyStEm For analySiS rESEarch & traininGStart

Enhancing scientific capac-ity for global change in developing countries

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2010 rESEarch

quEStion

What are key driv-ers of food security in mountain re-gions? How can re-search findings be made more usable for practitioners?

inSiGht From 2009

MRI and its co-partners took a giant step towards making research results meaningful to practitioners by successfully proposing the Mountain TRIP Project to the EU 7th Frame-work Programme.

mountain rESEarch

initiativE

c/o institute of Geography

university of bern

Erlachstrasse 9a, trakt 3

3012 bern, Switzerland

t: +41 31 631 51 41

http://mri.scnatweb.ch

ExEcutivE DirEctor

Dr. Gregory b. Greenwood

[email protected]

KEyworDS

interdisciplinary•

integrated•

applied•

relevant to Stakeholder and •

Policymakers

mountain catchments •

under Global change

water conflicts•

Food Security•

high mountain hazards•

mountain rESEarch initiativE

Mountain regions occupy about one fourth of the Earth’s surface and provide goods and services to about half of humanity. Accordingly, they received particular attention in the United Nations System, as reflected in “Agenda 21”, calling for immediate action on mountain resource man-agement to stop degradation in terms of accelerated soil erosion, land-slides, and rapid losses of habitat and genetic diversity. The collaborative Mountain Research Initiative (MRI) aims to achieve an integrated multi-disciplinary approach for observing, modelling and investigating global change phenomena and processes in mountain regions, including their impacts on ecosystems and socio–economic systems.

The ultimate objectives of the Initiative are: to develop a strategy for detecting signals of global environ-mental change in mountain environ-ments; to define the consequences of global environmental change for mountain regions, as well as lowland systems dependent on mountain resources (highland–lowland interac-tions); and to make proposals towards sustainable land, water and resource management for mountain regions from local to regional scales.

As MRI is a promotion and coordination effort, it cannot simply “do” the research necessary in a region, but must induce research groups and individual scientists to fill the scientific gaps regarding the objectives sketched above.

m r imountain research initiative

MRI

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mri newsletter

mri launched its newsletter in September 2008. a strong interest from the mri community in this product has made the newslet-ter grow in size. the newsletter features the sections Director’s notes, mri interview, Science Peaks, notes, work-shop reports, and a book review. Drexler, C., and Greenwood, G. (eds), 2009. Newsletter of the Mountain Research Initiative “MRI news”, no.2, April 2009. http://mri.scnatweb.ch/dmdocuments/MRI_News_no2-April2009.pdf Drexler, C., and Greenwood, G. (eds), 2009. Newsletter of the Mountain Research Initiative “MRI news”, no.3, October 2009. http://mri.scnatweb.ch/dmdocu-ments/MRI_news_no3_web.pdf

Global change research in the carpathian mountain region

Björnsen Gurung, A. et al. 2009. Global Change Research in the Carpathian Mountain Region. Mountain Research and Develop-ment. 29(3):282-288. doi: 10.1659/mrd.1105 (MRI-Europe product http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1659/mrd.1105).

widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western united States

van Mantgem, Ph., et al. 2009. Widespread Increase of Tree Mortality Rates in the Western United States. Science Vol. 323 no. 5913: 521 – 524 (CORFOR network product, http://science.samxxzy.ns02.info/cgi/reprint/sci;323/5913/521.pdf).


MRI highlights include: a confer-ence “Identifying the Research Basis for Sustainable Development of the Mountain Regions in Southeastern Europe” (Borovets, April 2009), whose participants further agreed to launch a new mountain science network for the Balkan region; a workshop “Securing the Sustain-able Provision of Ecosystem Services in the Alps and the Carpathians” (Bratislava, June 2009), where research results were exchanged on the Ecosystem Services of Al-pine and Carpathians Landscapes and proposals for interdisciplinary research and education projects were developed; the second Science for the Carpathians (S4C) meeting (Bratislava, June, 2009), which aimed at securing further funding for an S4C coordination office within the

Carpathian region, establishing an official S4C Steering Committee, and planning the first Forum Carpaticum; a workshop on “Climate Change and Water Resource Management in Mountains” (Göschenen, September, 2009), which included water experts from around the globe; a conference “Glacier Hazards, Permafrost Haz-ards and GLOFs in Mountain Areas: Processes, Assessment, Prevention, Mitigation” (Vienna, November, 2009), of which MRI was a co-spon-sor; and a conference “Swiss–South Africa Joint Scientific Conference: Towards Sustainable Fine Resolution Hydro–Ecological Observatories in Southern African Mountains” (Da-vos, November, 2009), convened by the MRI and SLF.

EnGaGE KEy SciEntiStS

MRI strives to enlist key sci-entists who, in turn, promote inter- and transdisciplinary research through their nation-al or multinational research funding agencies. By engaging these champions of global change mountain research, MRI can vastly improve its effectiveness.

catalySE PartnErShiPS

MRI supports the formation of new research partner-ships and acts as a catalyst for groups and individuals to develop project proposals for funding agencies. This is a di-rect and efficient way to create the kind of research needed to fill the gaps.

PaPErS on critical iSSuES

MRI facilitates the devel-opment of peer-reviewed scientific papers on criti-cal mountain region issues such as the carbon cycle in mountains; the transfer of hydrologic knowledge from scientists to managers; and the food security of mountain inhabitants under climatic changes.

DiStributE inFormation

MRI distributes relevant information to researchers on global change in mountains. By increasing the flow of information to these research-ers, MRI seeks to create additional interaction and a firmer sense of community among them.

Core Programme Activities

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PoPulation EnvironmEnt

rESEarch nEtworK

www.populationenvironmen-

tresearch.org

nEtworK coorDinatorS

Dr. Susana adamo

[email protected]

mr. alex de Sherbinin

[email protected].

edu


Two areas have been identi-fied for future cyberseminars: population displacements from large infrastructure proj-ects, and climate migrations. There is also some interest in holding a cyberseminar on the topic of integrated popula-tion–health–environment projects.

KEyworDS

Population and •

Environment

Scientific •

networks

migration and •

Environment

The Population–Environment Research Network (PERN) is an academic network that seeks to ad-vance research on population and the environment by promoting scientific exchange among researchers from social and natural science disciplines worldwide. It is a joint initiative of the IHDP and the International Union for Scientific Study of Popu-lation (IUSSP) launched in 2001. PERN’s main objective is to contrib-ute to sustainable development by improving dialogue and facilitating communication between stakehold-ers in the area of population–envi-ronment interactions.

It does this by hosting cyber-seminars on important topics and by consolidating the growing and

diverse body of research on popu-lation–environment interactions in an online electronic library. Through its website, PERN also strengthens the community of population–en-vironment experts, which is spread across many different disciplines, and communicates in diverse circles. The main target audience is academic researchers, but experts at interna-tional agencies, NGOs, advocacy or-ganisations, governmental agencies, and private firms, are also involved in PERN activities. As of December 2009, PERN has more than 1,700 members.

PoPulation–EnvironmEnt rESEarch nEtworK PERN

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Science–Policy

PERN’s co-Coordinators, Adamo and de Sherbinin, were co-authors on a report with colleagues at UNU-EHS and CARE, on potential migration from climate change. The report entitled “In Search of Shelter” was re-leased at the June 2009 climate talks in Bonn, and built upon prior cyber-seminars and workshops organised by PERN. http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/documents/ClimMigr-rpt-june09.pdf


Workshop in Geospatial Analy-sis for Attaining the Millennium Development Goals and Sustain-able Development, 20-24 April 2009, Bonn, Germany. PERN and CIESIN, with support from IUSSP, co-organised this five day training workshop in geospatial data analysis techniques in advance of the IHDP Open Meeting 2009. The training was customised to help staff from census bureaus, health ministries, and/or non-governmental organisa-tions in developing countries, learn to use geospatial analysis to sup-port efforts to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and promote sustainable development. Participants from around the world were selected to take part in the workshop, led by CIESIN geospatial applications Associate Director Mark Becker, PERN’s co-Coordinator and CIESIN Associate Research Sci-entist Susana Adamo, and CIESIN Research Associate Valentina Mara. The workshop included an overview of techniques in spatial analysis, use of spatial statistics, and integrating national survey data with CIESIN’s population and hazards data sets. Digital recording of the training and course materials will be made avail-able on PERN’s website (Population–Environment Research Network), hosted by CIESIN.

Publication Products

urban Population–Environment Dynam-ics in the Developing world: case Studies and lessons learned

de Sherbinin, A., A. Rahman, A. Barbieri, J.C. Fotso, and Y. Zhu (eds.). 2009. Urban Population-Environment Dynamics in the De-veloping World: Case Studies and Lessons Learned. Paris: Committee for International Cooperation in National Research in Demography (CICRED)/PERN/CIESIN/APHRC. (316 pages). Available at http://www.populationenvi-ronmentresearch.org/workshops.jsp#W2007.

PErn what’s new bulletins

PERN What’s New bulletins were published in May, August, and December 2009

Key Events

27 Sept - 2 oct 2009 marrakech, morocco

PErn organised and chaired two sessions on Environment-induced migrants at iuSSP’s xxvi inter-national Population conference.

3-4 Dec 2009 mexico city, mexico

the PErn coordina-tors presented at the international Semi-nar on Demographic Factors in the cur-rent Environmental crisis at the colegio de mexico. http://cedua.colmex.mx/eventos/elfactordemografico.htm

27 april 2009 bonn, Germany

organised and chaired a panel at the ihDP open meet-ing, “as the world churns: Environmen-tal migration and Population Displace-ments”.

2-13 Feb 2009 international

cyberseminar on theoretical and methodological is-sues in the analy-sis of Population Dynamics and the Environment.

A common characteristic of the different conceptual approaches is the recognition of complexity: the interactions of different elements and processes and the interactions at dif-ferent levels and scales, non-linearity, feedbacks, thresholds, and heteroge-

neity have to be taken into account. Key variables and their interactions must be identified. Particularly, system approaches seem appropriate to deal with complex interactions and couplings between the human and natural sphere.

Policy Implications of PERN Research

SyStEm aPProachES

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SyStEm For traininG rESEarch & analySiS

regional research centres, research nodes, science committees and sec-retariats. The overall strategic goal of START is to develop and nurture an integrated system of knowledge generation, knowledge dissemination and informed action.

START and its partners develop and facilitate opportunities that build upon GEC knowledge and expertise that is accumulating in developing regions. They further enhance and disseminate that knowledge and expertise in innovative ways and foster new avenues for collaborative research, partnership and exchange.

START facilitates comprehensive programmes in Africa, Asia and the Pacific, aimed at building and sustaining the capacity of scientific communities in developing countries to explore the critical drivers of and appropriate responses to regional and global environmental change (GEC). The START framework for research-driven capacity building not only fosters networks of developing country scientists and scientific in-stitutions but also supports informed decision making by key societal stakeholder groups, including the policy community, on policies and measures for adaptation planning. Programmes and activities are imple-mented in developing regions of the world in partnership with START

intErnational Start

SEcrEtariat

2000 Florida avenue, nw

Suite 200

washington, Dc 20009, uSa

t: 1-202-462-2213

www.start.org

[email protected]

KEyworDS

capacity Development•

Knowlege Generation•

Decision Support•

Sustainable Development•

Global Environmental •

change Education

INTERNATIONAL

SECRETARIAT

S T A R T

START

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SuPPort oF ParticiPantS

in thE ihDP oPEn mEEtinG

2009

Start supported the participation of 39 individuals in the 2009 ihDP open meeting; 37 of whom were african scientists and practitioners engaged in the african climate change Fellowship Program (accFP). the accFP provides ex-periential learning, education, and research and training opportunities to african professionals, research-ers and graduate students to build their capabilities for advancing and applying knowledge for climate change adaptation in africa. Par-ticipation in both the open meeting and an accFP inception meeting, held in conjunction with the om, enabled Fellows to gain a valuable insight into how their individual Fellowships are part of a broader effort to address climate change adaptation challenges in africa and throughout the world.

intEGratinG climatE

chanGE mitiGation anD

aDaPtation into DEvEloP-

mEnt PlanninG (ccmaP)

the ccmaP Project is engaging scientists and policy makers in west africa, East africa and South asia through a series of science–policy dialogues based on the findings of the iPcc Fourth assessment report (ar4). the national level dialogues aim to broaden support for the integra-tion of climate change mitiga-tion and adaptation knowledge into national strategies for sustainable development and poverty reduction. in addition to the dialogues, scientists and key decision makers from the regions will also collaborate on knowledge assessments at local to regional scales. the knowledge assess-ments are expected to promote development of a shared vision within science and policy commu-nities of the targeted regions with respect to research and assess-ments needed to serve climate change decision-making needs.

bioDivErSity conSErva-

tion in thE albErtinE riFt

Start, in collaboration with the institute of resource assessment at the university of Dar es Salaam and with funding from the mac-arthur Foundation, is implement-ing an advanced education and training initiative in the albertine rift region of africa that engages conservation professionals from the region in advanced educa-tion and training activities that enable them to make substantive contributions to addressing the challenge of climate change and biodiversity conservation. the albertine rift region is an important biodiversity hotspot in Eastern africa that is increasingly under threat from a changing climate and other local drivers such as human induced landscape changes. the first round of an education and train-ing programme was hosted in july/august 2008, and a second round will be facilitated in july/august 2010.

26-28 Feb 2009 bangkok, thailand

citiES at riSK

hosted by Start, in collaboration with several partners including ihDP’s urbanization and Global Environmental change (uGEc) Project, the workshop brought together nearly 80 scientists, urban planners and officials, and representatives of disaster man-agement and development agen-cies to review the most recent scientific findings and projections regarding climate-related risks for asia’s coastal megacities. Participants examined potential vulnerabilities and current coping mechanisms in the cities and then discussed actions, in both the short and long term, that would enhance the capacity of cities to manage the risks and vulner-abilities posed by climate change. workshop follow-on discussions are expected at the upcoming uGEc conference in arizona.

Key Activities Key Projects

fellowships, faculty exchanges and accreditation programmes; climate change curricula and programmes to promote excellence in teaching on issues of climate change; advanced institutes and training workshops. These expanded programmes would seek to engage participants from academia, civil society, and the policy community.

community. START is committed to expanding this part of its portfolio through developing partnerships with programmes within the Earth System Science Partnership, North-ern and Southern universities, and private foundations. Such partner-ships would serve to utilise compli-mentary strengths among partners to develop and promote research

START is increasingly support-ing global environmental change education, through programmes and projects that promote postgradu-ate research training at universities and research institutes; teach-ing and curriculum development; national-level needs assessments for education and training; and support for research oriented to the policy

Capacity Development through GEC Education

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ihDP’S viSion

To provide international lead-ership in framing, developing, and integrating social science research on global change and to promote the applica-tion of the key findings of this research to help address environmental challenges.

about ihDP

quality of environmental assessments. IHDP is the leading international body for worldwide and interdisciplinary collaboration in highly policy-relevant areas of global change research, con-tributing to the enhanced understand-ing of the interactions between human societies and the physical environment.

Collaborative CapacityWhile conducting “big” science

in multidisciplinary, multinational scientific teams is a standard practice throughout most natural sciences, such collaborative work is not as widespread in the social sciences, which are yet to develop an institutional and financial base. Further, national and interna-tional methods of trans- and interdisci-plinary research are not yet sufficiently anchored in the social science system.

IHDP was established in 1996 to address critical gaps in international research, which have gained wider attention over the years and now lie at the heart of international science policy. These include:

the gap in contributions of the social, •economic and cognitive sciences to global change research;the gap in capacity for international •and interdisciplinary collaboration in global change research; andthe lack of coherent long-term •research strategies for policy relevant research topics.

Social Science ContributionsIHDP is involved in generat-

ing new knowledge to answer criti-cal questions of interest to the policy world, and in particular, improving the

Thus, capacity development is a core concern within IHDP’s activities.

Long-Term Research StrategiesGlobal change research is mostly

driven by the awareness of the chal-lenges that are currently facing our societies.

New challenges keep emerging but answers to those challenges require profound insights into the functioning of the highly complex Earth System. It is therefore not useful to limit research to only the current political ques-tions of the day. IHDP is committed to long-term strategic approaches and scientific excellence within its research projects. As the planning and implementation of such projects requires collaboration with the prac-titioner community, so as to ensure

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IHDP Scientific Committee(as of Dec 2009)

Ex-oFFicio

mEmbErS

Prof. Deliang chen

Dr. heide hackmann

Prof. Konrad osterwalder

Prof. Karen o’brien

Prof. anette reenberg

Prof. Frans berkhout

Prof. Frank biermann

Prof. alice newton

Prof. Karen Seto

Prof. harold mooney

Prof. carlos nobre

Prof. antonio busalacchi

Prof. rik leemans

chair

Prof. oran r. young

aPPointED

mEmbErS

Prof. Katrina brown

Prof. ilan chabay

Dr. Geoffrey Dabelko

Dr. roberto P. Guimaraes

Dr. Patricia Kameri-mbote

Prof. Gernot Klepper

Dr. Elena nikitina

Dr. balgis osman-Elasha

Prof. Germán Palacio

ihDP’S miSSion ihDP’S inStitutional SPonSoS

In 1996, the International Social Science Council (ISSC) and the International Council for Science (ICSU) established IHDP under their sponsorship. At the beginning of 2007, the United Nations University joined them as a third institu-tional sponsor. The three sponsors over-see and guide the overall development of the Programme.

To foster, coordi-nate, and conduct research that illumi-nates and addresses the challenges of global environ-mental change and improve societal responses.

To strengthen the capacities of re-search and policy communities to-wards a shared understanding of the social causes and implications of global changes.

To contribute to the interdisciplin-ary attempts to understand the interactions of humans with the natural environ-ment.

To facilitate dialogue between science and policy.

the relevance and usefulness of future findings, IHDP embeds systematic policy interaction into all its research projects. Global change research is a vast and complex area with a multitude of actors and stakeholders involved. Successful international collaboration requires the systematic analysis and identification of potential candidates for productive partnerships. The indi-vidual establishment of collaborative research, however, is time consuming and management intensive, siphoning valuable resources from the scientific community. The IHDP Secretariat pro-vides these highly specialised services and efficient structures for internation-al collaboration, in order to reap the full scientific benefits of the network’s research activities.

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buDGEt & FinancES

Project based Funding

ihDP Proj-ect Grants and young Scholars Support

Secretar-iat & Pro-gramme Gover-nance

20

08

20

09

20

10

Pr

ojEc

tED

incomE DEvEloPmEntihDP incomE 2009

SEcrEtariat corE incomE


ihDP Secretariat

ihDP Project Grants & young Scholars Support

ihDP joint Projects

ihDP core Projects

Germany (bmbF)

uSa (nSF)

other national contributions

unu (in-kind)

other Sources

IHDP’s global research is driven by its core and joint projects and supported bythe IHDP Secretariat. Together, the network accounted for a operational budget of 4.6 million USD, with research grants and direct support for the International Project Offices amounting to more than two thirds of the total.

The IHDP Secretariat recorded a core income of 0.94 million USD (-4%); includ-ing the Open Meeting 2009, the total grant and revenue volume administered by the Secretariat stood at 1.46 million USD. As in the previous years, around 20% of the total revenue was directly relayed to the research network through annual project grants and support for young scholars.

In general, the current income devel-opment marks a shift towards collaborative activities and project-based funding.

IHDP secured an un-precedented number of stipends for young scholars to participate in the IHDP Open Meeting 2009

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IHDP Expenses 2009

SciEncE manaGEmEnt $343,391 41.3%

Grants ihDP core and joint Projects $145,000

new Scientific Projects and initiatives $15,840

Project contribution open meeting $33,697

academic & Project Staff Science management $148,854

GovErnancE, mEEtinG anD SciEncE–Policy activitiES $119,942 14.4%

ihDP Governance meetings $9,907

meetings and Science–Policy activities $29,361

academic & Project Staff Governance and network $80,674

communicationS, PublicationS, anD outrEach 11.8% $98,379

ihDP update magazine and Scientific Publications $13,567

ihDP communications and outreach $9,429

academic and Project Staff communications $75,383

manaGEmEnt anD ProGrammE SuPPort 32.4% $269,664

management and Programme Support Staff $165,776

General office costs and administrative Services $25,348

un campus Facilities (provided in-kind by unu) $78,540

figures as of 31st March 2010 USD figures according to UN official exchange rates

DonorS & PartnErS 2009

Ministry for Education and Research, •Germany National Science Foundation, USA •Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur •et de la Recherche, France Ministry of Science and Innovation, •Spain Royal Academy of Arts & Sciences, •The Netherlands

Chinese National Committee for the •International Dimensions Programme, China (Beijing) The Research Council of Norway, •Norway Federal Ministry of Science and Re-•search, Austria Schweizerische Akademie der Geistes- •und Sozialwissenschaften, Switzerland Delegation of the Finnish Academies •of Science and Letters, Finland

Academia Sinica, China (Taipei) •International Social Science Council, •(ISSC), UNESCOInternational Council of Science •(ICSU)European Climate Forum, Germany •Stockholm Environment Institute, •Sweden United Nations University, Vice-Rec-•torate in Europe, Germany

harvEStinG rESultS

For the highly successful GECHS synthesis confer-ence in Oslo, IHDP secures participant support and produces a special UPDATE synthesis issue.

SciEncE to Policy

For Copenhagen’s COP 15 IHDP and IGPB con-vened a side event on ‘Science, Society, and Adapta-tion’, presenting their science on a full array of issues addressing threats, vulnerabilities and response strategies related to climate change.

SharinG KnowlEDGE

For the Earth System Governance Project launch conference, IHDP presented the first Programme-wide research synthesis in an UPDATE volume, featuring governance-related research of all its projects.

Gc

P Tsukuba, Japan and C

anberra, Australia

ma

irS Beijing, C

hina

GlP

Copenhagen, D

enmark

loic

z G

eeshacht, Germ

any

ihD

P SEc

rEta

ria

t Bonn, Germ

any

Gw

SP Bonn, G

ermany

ESG Bonn, G

ermany

mr

i Bern, Switzerland

GEc

aFS O

xford, UK

it Am

sterdam, N

etherlands

GEc

hS O

slo, Norw

ay

Star

t Washington, D

.C., U

SA

GEc

hh

Ham

ilton, Canada

uG

Ec Tem

pe, Arizona, U

SA

IHDP Network ProjEct FunDinG

Significant funding for IHDP’s projects in 2009 included, among others, contributions from host and other research/national institutions, as well as members of the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). Combined core, joint and initiative project funding was es-timated at 4,291,290 USD, with incomes received from IHDP, in-kind and external sources.

ihDP corE ProjEctS •it

KSi “the Dutch Knowledge net-•work on System innovation”;

institute for Environmental •Studies (vu amsterdam).

GEchSresearch council of norway; •

university of oslo.•

ESGinstitute for Environmental •Studies (vu amsterdam);

ihDP Secretariat.•

uGEcarizona State university; •

uS national Science Foundation.•

loiczGKSS research center; •

international Geosphere• –bio-sphere Programme (iGbP).

GlPinternational Geosphere–bio-•sphere Programme (iGbP);

university of copenhagen.•

ESSP joint ProjEctS •GEcaFS

international Geosphere–bio-•sphere Programme (iGbP);

world climate research Program;•

natural Environment research •council;

Environmental change institute, •School of Geography and the En-vironment, university of oxford.

GcPaustralian Department of •climate change;

commonwealth Scientific and •industrial research organisa-tion (cSiro);

center for Global Environmen-•tal research (cGEr/niES);

Global Environmental research •Fund of ministry of Environ-ment japan.

GwSPbmbF (German Federal minis-•try of Education and research).

GEchhEarth System Science Partner-•ship (ESSP);

united nations university •– institute for water, health and the Environment (unu-inwEh).

ProjEct initiativES •KlSc

Swiss academy of the Social •Sciences.

irG-ProjEctbeijing normal university, •china;

ministry of Science and tech-•nology (moSt), china;

national natural Science Foun-•dation of china, china;

Potsdam institute for climate •impact research (PiK), Ger-many;

European climate Forum (EcF), •Germany;

GSD Project, Europe.•

Main Project Donors (excluding annual IHDP contributions)

The IHDP is organised as a decentralised ‘network of networks’. It is funded from five main sources, which include direct research grants to the IHDP core and joint projects, in-kind contributions provided by the institutions hosting the International Project Of-fices, and the core support for the IHDP Secretariat represented in this report. In addition, human dimen-sions research is supported with numerous singular grants for publications, events, workshops, and conferences convened by the projects or the Pro-gramme. The most sig-nificant resource however, is at the same time the hardest to quantify: the intellect, time and institu-tional support contributed ‘for free’ by the several thousand scientists of the IHDP community, ranging from hosting of meetings, to high-level peer-reviews, to reports, to representa-tion, to research results achieved with the support of numerous individual research grants connected to the programme.

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ISSN 1727-8953

Editor-in-Chief: Gabriela LitreCo-Editors: Louise Smith and Russell MorganCopy-Editor: Russell MorganDesign: Louise Smith

This is a publication of the International Human Dimen-sions Programme on Global Environmental Change.

IHDP Secretariat, UNU-IHDPHermann-Ehlers-Str. 1053113 Bonn, GermanyT: +49 (0)228 815 0600F: +49 (0)228 815 [email protected]

This publication is published using funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Förderken-nzeichen IHD0810), and the United States National Science Foundation (BCS-0810837).

Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommenda-tions expressed in this mate-rial are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, and all other IHDP Donors.

Imprint

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p Tsukuba, Japan and C

anberra, Australia

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iRs Beijing, C

hina

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Copenhagen, D

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t Bonn, Germ

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i Bern, Switzerland

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xford, UK

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msterdam

, Netherlands

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t Washington, D

.C., U

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ilton, Canada

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eC Tem

pe, Arizona, U

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iHDp netWoRk

IHDP SecretariatUNU-IHDPHermann-Ehlers-Str. 1053113, Bonn, Germany

T +49 (0)228 815 0600F +49 (0)228 815 [email protected]

Join us online

All of IHDP’s Publications including the Annual Report, its scientific magazine the IHDP Update, and newsletter the IHDP E-Zine, as well as many others, are avail-able online for download and browsing.

Keep up with IHDP’s activities by subscribing to the IHDP Update, E-Zine and Newsflash email lists online at www.ihdp.org

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