IHDP-AR-2010

Annual ReportInternational Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change

IHDP AnnuAl RePoRt 20102P

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2010 in Review

IHDP AnnuAl RePoRt 20104

Prof. Anantha DuraiappahIHDP Executive Director

As the need for social sciences research to address the problems of global environmen-tal change continues to grow, my first year as Executive Director of the International Human Dimension Programme brought with it many exciting changes, challenges and opportunities. Social sciences are critical in shaping the public discourse on the changing socio-environmental condition. Thus, mobilising those communities to convey the complexity of global environ-mental change and sustainability problems is equally crucial. IHDP worked in 2010 toward pursuing this challenge by providing the social transformation concept within the green economy debate, delivering key inputs to the International Environmental Governance (IEG) debate, developing a new metric for evaluating progress and sustainability through the Inclu-sive Wealth Report (IWR) and developing a results-based program of work for implement-ing the science strategy plan.

IHDP’s science projects, the programme’s foundational base, were again very active in 2010. The first ever joint science conference was organized by the Urbanization and Global

Introduction

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Environmental Change Project (UGEC) and the Global Land Project (GLP), bringing the two research networks together for the first time and allowing them to interact and ex-change scientific findings and explore potential cross-project interactions, while gaining a better understanding of the key inter-linkages across their project areas. The same experiment was initiated at the national level by IHDP’s national committee at the Academia Sinica, where four projects – UGEC, GLP, GECHS (Global Environmental Change and Human Security) and IT (Industrial Transformations) – presented their findings. These conferences provided a unique opportunity for research-ers to explore the spatial scale dynamics of key themes, such as human security and the green economy, as well as the policy implications of scale effects.

The IT project held its synthesis work-shop in Kuala Lumpur, and was able to link the theme of industrial transformation with the ongoing debate over the green economy. The workshop attracted many young scientists and gave them the opportunity to present their

scientific findings in an international environ-ment. Second, the theme of a science-driven project was linked with an ongoing policy debate on the green economy. This clearly dem-onstrates the high policy relevance of IHDP projects.

In the past year, IHDP was instrumental in bringing the concept of behavioural change to a number of scientific and policy arenas. The IHDP presentation on “unpacking the social sciences” was well received by the French National Research Agency and influenced the latest call for proposals. Similarly, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is beginning to focus more heavily on human behaviour, and IHDP intends to provide the scientific support in this area.

2010 was also a year of reflection, par-ticularly with regard to the on-going Interna-tional Council for Science (ICSU) visioning and Belmont process. I believe IHDP has demonstrated through numerous pathways that there will be a need for full collaboration and participation by the social sciences and humanities communities if both processes are


IHDP’s key deliverables in 2010:

Providing the social transformation concept •within the green economy debate; Providing key inputs to the International •Environmental Governance (IEG) debate; A results-based programme of work for •implementing the science strategy plan; andPositioning the social sciences as key to the •IPBES process.

IHDP in 2011 will continue to:

Maintain its role within the social science •community as the go-to organisation for support for new, innovative research ideas, and to help them be heard among decision-makers; Be seen by the traditional scientific commu-•nities as the leading organisation offering a common voice for the social science plat-form, as well as a gateway to social science networks and expertise; and Be recognized by the policy-making com-•munity as the authoritative voice and lead organisational force for the social science academic community in areas relating to environmental change, as well as a gateway to rich and diverse social science networks.

to succeed. To that end IHDP, with generous financial support from the Packard Foundation, began designing a global survey of the social sciences and humanities community to gain a better understanding of the opportunities and challenges we face in mobilising the broader social sciences community to become full part-ners in these grand challenges. The results will be made available to ICSU and other interested partners. I am also happy to say that IHDP has partnered with the International Social Science Council and UNESCO in this initiative. IHDP will continue to provide leadership in this vi-sioning process in 2011 under the leadership of its new Chair, Sir Partha Dasgupta (Prof. Em.).

On the science policy front, IHDP played a key role in the ongoing development of IPBES (the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiver-sity and Ecosystem Services) and will continue to champion the need for the full integration of the social sciences into these traditionally natu-ral science-dominated forums. I am confident that IHDP in 2011 will continue to maintain this role. It will remain our goal to provide sup-port for new, innovative research ideas, and to

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help them be heard among decision-makers. 2010 has been a year of change at the

Secretariat. The integration of our financial, administrative and information communication systems within the United Nations University system has resulted in more streamlined and efficient workflows, allowing us more time to focus on the core of our business – science – and communicate it to our stakeholders. It was also a year in which we invested a considerable amount of time and resources in drawing up a results-based implementation plan for the IHDP Science Strategy. I am pleased to report that the fruit of that task was the renewal of our three-year grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, including a modest increase of funding for a further three years till December 2013.

Finally, I would like to offer my thanks and appreciation to the donors and supporters of IHDP. I look forward to your continued – and hopefully increased – support in the coming years, especially in light of the growing demand for the social sciences to take a more active role in addressing the challenges of global envi-

ronmental change. I look forward most of all to working with many of you over the coming years toward achieving our common objec-tive – making the world a better place to live in, both for ourselves and for future generations.

Anantha Kumar DuraiappahIHDP Executive Director


Editorials from the Newest Scientific Committee Members

This is the Time

There has never been a more im-portant time for human dimensions research than now. I have the honor of joining the Scientific Commit-tee at a time when IHDP is about to merge into a much larger, and not just social scientific consortium of global environmental change research institutions. THIS is the time to reinvigorate and double our efforts. THIS is the time to revive and strengthen our role in meeting every one of the grand challenges identified by the Belmont Forum and the ICSU visioning process. THIS is

the time to give every global change effort a central human dimension. To be relevant we have to show up and demonstrate our value to other scientific disciplines and the world of practice. To be credible we must pro-duce impeccable science. And to be legitimate we must work with anyone who cares for true transformation toward sustainability, global justice and civility in an era of growing stresses and challenging disruptions. That means, we must step up, think outside the box, and do so now!

Susanne MoserSusanne Moser is Director of Susanne Moser Research & Consulting and a Social Science Research Fellow at Stanford’s Woods Institute for the Environment. Her work focuses on vulnerabil-ity, adaptation and resil-ience in the face of climate change in the coastal, health and forest sectors; on the science-practice interface and decision support; and on effective climate change communication in support of social change.

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Prof. Carlo CarraroCarlo Carraro is Presi-dent of the Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia where he is also Professor of Environmental Economics. He is Vice-Chair of IPCC’s Working Group III and Chairman of the Scien-tific Advisory Board of the Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei. He is also Direc-tor of the Climate Impacts and Policy Division of the EuroMediterranean Center on Climate Change.

Prof. John S. DryzekJohn Dryzek is Australian Research Council Federa-tion Fellow of the Centre for Deliberative Democra-cy and Global Governance at Australian National University, and works on the governance of climate change.

New Tools

Environmental problems are increas-ingly global and largely affect eco-nomic and social development in all regions of the world. Often neglected or often postponed, the sustainable use of resources and environmental protection are important dimen-sions of economic growth and social stability. It is therefore crucial for humankind to develop tools to un-derstand and assess the relationships between economic development and the environment. It is also crucial to develop new forms of governance of political and socio-eco-nomic systems that yield a better protection of the global environment and, as a consequence, of our so-cieties. IHDP is therefore committed to supporting and further developing the role of the social sciences in global environmental change research.

What We Know

Having just completed co-editing The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society, with 47 chapters by some very accomplished authors (to be published by Oxford Universi-ty Press in July 2011), I am struck by how much we know – at least collec-tively – about the human dimensions of global environmental change. What we know much less well is how to fit all the parts together, when the number of relevant dimensions is so large. This is especially true when it comes to systems of global envi-ronmental governance. So when it comes to the future of IHDP, I would like to see a special effort made to integrate across diverse findings, fields, interpretations, evaluations, and prescriptions, in a way that informs efforts to come to grips with what is required for effective and legitimate systems of governance.


Trailblazers

Through the Rio Earth Summit 1992, most scientists recognized that development processes were not sustainable and that there were great ecological, social, and eco-nomic challenges. Keywords are: overloading and exploitation of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, non-renewable resources, and the atmosphere; political, religious, and ethnic conflicts causing human suf-fering; and inequitable distribution of profits/risks of global economic activity. Funds were invested primar-ily in scientific systems research on climate and the biosphere. In com-parison, investment in social science research on obstacles to mitigation and adaptation has been modest. However, as system knowledge does not automatically result in needed

widespread changes in behavior, the call to include the social sciences has now become stronger.

Recommendations in the face of impending climate changes, con-cerning agricultural techniques and what to grow for instance, are based on natural science knowledge. But to build new trails from knowledge to intention and execution, we need the social sciences to understand the steps and obstacles in individuals and organizations. Strategic knowledge must be supported by the whole of society, and then instrumental transformation knowledge is needed, which is where social sciences are centrally required. Initiating timely contributions on this in research and practice is the crucial challenge for IHDP.

Prof. Heinz GutscherHeinz Gutscher is Full Pro-fessor of Social Psychology at the University of Zurich, focusing on social influ-ence, trust and confidence, risk perception and risk communication, sustain-ability issues, large-scale social interventions and change management.

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Being More Vocal

IHDP has been an important intel-lectual home for many researchers worldwide working on the human aspects of global change and sustain-ability since its formation. I have been associated with IHDP activities since 1998, and immensely enjoy working with friends and colleagues within this community.

Looking ahead, as the leading international research community on the human dimensions of global change, IHDP is well placed to be a truly integrated and interdisciplinary community, with social and econom-ic sciences as a core but also striv-

ing to integrate the knowledge and wisdom of the natural sciences to en-gineer the best approach to address human dimensional challenges. It is also important to explore ways of be-ing more vocal in terms of providing timely and clear messages on various global change related issues, includ-ing providing inputs into the interna-tional scientific and policy arena as a community collectively. IHDP has a remarkable track record in capac-ity building for young scientists in developing countries, which I believe should continue to be an important focus of the Programme.

Prof. Xuemei BaiXuemei Bai is Professor in Urban Environment at the Fenner School of Environ-ment and Society of Aus-tralian National University, and currently focuses on frontiers of urban-indus-trial ecology and urban sustainability science.


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IHDP


Who We Are

IHDP was established in 1996 to address critical gaps in international research related to global change. Those gaps fall within three categories:

Contributions of the social, economic and •cognitive sciences to global change researchCapacity for international and interdis-•ciplinary collaboration in global change researchLong-term research strategies for policy •relevant research topics

CRItICAl GAP In Social Science Contributions

IHDP is dedicated to generating new know-ledge, and furthering current knowledge within the social sciences for use in finding long-term solutions to problems related to global environ-mental change. In particular, IHDP wants to improve the quality of environmental assess-ments – for instance, the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) used by the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – by incorporating data and insight essential to a complete understanding of human societies.

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CRItICAl GAP In

Collaborative Capacity

While multidisciplinary, multinational scien-tific teams are common in most natural science disciplines, such collaborative work is not widespread in the social sciences, which have yet to develop an institutional and financial base. Further, national and international meth-ods of interdisciplinary research are not yet suf-ficiently anchored in the social science system. Thus, capacity development is a core concern within IHDP’s activities.

CRItICAl GAP In Long-Term Research Strategies

As in many fields, research in global change is driven by current events, challenges and needs. But global changes occur within a dynamic and highly complex Earth System, and a focus on short-term concerns often comes at the expense of long-term solutions. IHDP is dedi-cated to creating a robust research framework that can craft long-term strategic approaches to global change, as well as deal with acute prob-lem solving. IHDP exercises this dedication through its projects, in which scientific excel-lence and systematic interaction with the policy community are paramount. Global change research is a vast and complex field, involving a myriad of stakeholders. The IHDP Secre-tariat identifies areas for potential partnerships worldwide, and offers efficient structures and services for international collaboration.


IHDP’S VISIon

To provide international leadership in framing, developing, and integrat-ing social science research on global change and to promote the application of the key findings of this research to help address environmental challenges.

InStItutIonAl SPonSoRS

In 1996, the International Social Sci-ence Council (ISSC) and the Inter-national Council for Science (ICSU) established IHDP under their spon-sorship. At the beginning of 2007, the United Nations University joined them as the third institutional spon-sor. They oversee and guide the over-all development of the programme.

IHDP’s Mission

Human actions lie at the heart of current global environmental change. Societies define the boundaries and character of their environ-ments, while affecting and reacting to their environment with only a limited and biased understanding of it. To respond effectively to these current changes requires major inputs from the social sciences – the perspective of human behaviour and actions.

IHDP provides a platform for integrating findings, innovations and insights from across the social sciences into the global effort to miti-gate environmental change. We foster original research, establish thematic groundwork and stimulate international, interdisciplinary teams of scientists to conduct long-term collabora-tive research, which can then be integrated into political decision-making processes. IHDP adds value by strengthening the voice and impact of an extensive network of individual scientists and research initiatives.

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Organigramme IHDP Scientific Committee (as of Dec. 2010)

The IHDP Scientific Committee is comprised of lead-ing scientists from the social sciences, humanities, and natural sciences. It guides IHDP’s work agenda, approving scientific projects, electing their steering committees, and making decisions that impact the programme as a whole.

Chair:Oran R. Young served as chair until 24 September 2010; Roberto Guimaraes took over as chair ad-interim until the end of the year.

Appointed Members:Katrina BrownIlan ChabayGeoffrey D. DabelkoRoberto P. GuimaraesPatricia Kameri-Mbote Gernot KlepperElena NikitinaBalgis Osman-ElashaGermán Palacio


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“Gaining a better understanding of why humans do what they do is key to addressing global environmental and social changes and finding ways for global sustainability.”

Prof. Anantha Duraiappah, Executive Director

IHDP SeCRetARIAt

International Human Dimensions

Programme on Global environmental

Change (unu-IHDP)

united nations university

Hermann-ehlers-Str. 10

53113 Bonn, Germany

tel.: +49 (0)228 815 0600

Fax: +49 (0)228 815 0620

[email protected]

www.ihdp.unu.edu

About the IHDP Secretariat

The IHDP Secretariat advises, coordinates and supports the research projects and National Committees. It collaborates closely with its partner global change programmes (DIVER-SITAS, IGBP and WCRP) and liaises with the broader research network. Since 2007, the IHDP Secretariat has been hosted by the United Nations University Vice Rectorate in Europe (UNU-ViE) in Bonn, Germany. The close ties to UNU provide a unique opportunity for IHDP to advocate for the social science perspective on global change within the UN system.

IHDP Secretariat

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2010

2010 marked a year of transitions at the Secre-tariat. Under the lead of its the new Executive Director, Prof. Anantha Kumar Duraiappah, it augmented its own research portfolio and laid the foundation for the initiation of new and strengthenining of existing strategic partner-ships. In addition, new staff for the science, communications and administrative depart-ments were recruited.


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Inclusive Wealth Report (IWR)

The IWR is a joint initiative with UNEP, initiated in 2010. The project aims at developing the first report on wealth and changes in the wealth of nations, with a particular focus on natural capital. Assessing a country’s progress (or regress) by ana-lyzing the changes in different assets – wealth – is a prominent approach to judge the sustainability of nations. The wealth indicator relies on the measurement of various capital stocks: Natural Capital, Produced Capital, Human Capital, and Social Capital. The main objectives of the report are: (a) to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the different components of wealth by country and their link to economic development, par-ticularly highlighting the role played by natural capital. (b) to formulate policies based on the notion of asset portfolio management. The ways in which nations manage their diverse assets and create productive economic bases for the future have critical implications for long-term sustain-able development. The first IWR is tentatively scheduled to be launched at the Rio+20 confer-ence in 2012.

Social Sciences & Humanities Survey on Global Environmental Change

The first steps were taken in 2010 to develop a survey among social science and humanities scholars. The core aim is to document how they view research priorities related to global environmental change. The results, presumably available in mid-2011, will be used to illustrate incentives and disincentives for engaging in this field and to frame the global sustainabil-ity research program from a social sciences perspective. The survey is led by IHDP in close collaboration with the International Social Sci-ence Council (ISSC) and UNESCO. It is being undertaken in response to calls by the Intergov-ernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the International Council for Science (ICSU), the International Group of Funding Agencies (IGFA) and others for better integration of the social sciences into global environmental change research.

Secretariat Activities

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IHDP’s Programme of Work 2011-2013

In the past years, a paradigm shift in social sci-ence research in global environmental change has resulted in science and policy progressively moving toward responses and solutions that are applicable at different levels and for diverse societal groups. In particular, the ICSU Vision-ing Process and the IGFA Belmont Process developed shortlists of the major challenges facing global environmental change research, focusing heavily on the social dimensions of the problem. Therefore, expectations toward social science contributions are rising. That is why IHDP has developed a specific and measur-able Programme of Work for 2011-2013, along the lines of its overall Strategic Programme for 2007-2015. It focuses on activities that can be an integral part of any future initiative to meet the ICSU and Belmont Challenges.

Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Eco-system Services (IPBES)

Through its Executive Director, the IHDP Secretariat, in close collaboration with DIVER-SITAS, was involved in the process of establish-ing an Intergovernmental Science-Policy Plat-form on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in 2010. IPBES is a global mechanism designed to provide assessment and policy guidance to help reverse the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. In 2010, the Secretariat helped shape the development of the platform through its representation in the IPBES planning group. Further down the road, the IHDP Secretariat will play a key role in ensuring nomination and participation of social scientists, and in particu-lar scientists from the IHDP network in the IPBES.


Communications & Outreach

Promoting and supporting social science research and ensuring that its results find entry into international scientific and policy commu-nities requires a coherent communication and outreach strategy. Building on past experiences in reaching out to a diverse audience, IHDP’s communication endeavours in 2010 were directed towards enhancing IHDP’s visibility as the leading provider of social science research on global environmental change (GEC), and ensuring that its science and research results were used in policymaking and the scientific community.

While working toward intensifying its activities in the area of public awareness and outreach, events played an integral role for IHDP in 2010, providing great opportunities to discuss relevant topics among the public, policymakers and the media:

IHDP co-organized an ESSP Joint Ses-sion at the 2010 Deutsche Welle Global Media Forum (GMF) “Climate Change and the Media“. A conference with international reach, the GMF draws media representatives from around the world and participants from the

fields of politics, culture, business, develop-ment cooperation and science. The joint event on “Media-ting Change – The Effective Use of Media to Create Societal Awareness of Global Environmental Change” allowed for dialogue between top scientists and media experts on the expectations and needs of the scientific community with regard to the media, and on how environmental communication can im-prove interactions among science, society and governments.

Furthermore IHDP, in collaboration with the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS) and the German Committee for Disas-ter Reduction (DKKV), continued the Bonn Dialogues – a series of biannual events focusing on substantive issues related to the anthropo-genic drivers and consequences of GEC and human security, addressing (in a cross-cutting manner) sector specific themes such as climate, water, energy, and food. The 7th event entitled “Cities under Climate Threat” featured experts discussing the major emerging risks that urban centres will face in the future, and the oppor-

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tunities rapidly growing cities have to plan and adapt to climate change. The subsequent event focused on “Environment and Health: The Role of Climate Change”, addressing the major climate change related health effects in both developing and developed regions of the world as well as the consequences of extreme weather events on the environment and health.

On October 25th, IHDP organised an information stand on Bonn’s central square as part of the celebrations for the 15th UN Day. Publications in both German and English were distributed and IHDP communications staff answered questions from visitors.

Another focus in 2010 lay on producing clear, concise and engaging information and reports. IHDP had a broad variety of tools and formats at its disposal for reaching out to dif-ferent audiences, such as print and electronic products and tools.

The website was upgraded, re-designed and eventually relaunched, offering richer multimedia content, such as videos featuring expert interviews, a blog and a current head-lines section providing the latest worldwide

news on IHDP-relevant issues. In addition, the communications unit maintained the YouTube and Facebook accounts, further fostering the programme’s visibility and inviting a wider public to visit, get in touch and engage in dia-logue with the programme.

Other selected outputs for 2010 included IHDP’s quarterly e-mail newsletter, “E-Zine”, that provided IHDP’s community with the most updated news, events, calls and vacancies from IHDP and its network. It has proven to be a valuable basis for a newly developed version of the newsletter, called “The Networker”, replac-ing “E-Zine” as of 2011.

Fulfilling its role as a service unit to its research projects, the Secretariat’s communica-tions team supported its projects and endorsed research networks with the design of logos and the dissemination of materials and products. 2010 further saw the re-conceptualization of the “Update” magazine including a reader sur-vey, and collaboration with the Global Environ-mental Change and Human Health (GECHH) project on compiling the Update issue on Hu-man Health for publication in early 2011.


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Key Outcomes


Cutting-Edge Science

Initiating and managing cutting-edge human dimensions research on global environmen-tal change (GEC) is one of the principal roles of IHDP. Its Secretariat supports relatively autonomous core research projects, as well as collaborative research projects conducted under the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP), dealing with the most pressing topics concerning the future of humankind. Assessing what societies need for their well-being, and what they understand as their needs based on their beliefs and values, the projects address the substantive challenges to fulfilling these needs. To reinforce its core and collaborative research projects, IHDP has recently initiated a comple-mentary research component: rapid assess-ments on emerging issues that contribute to a cohesive and adaptive research portfolio.

A special highlight in 2010 took place in October, when IHDP’s core projects Urban-ization and Global Environmental Change (UGEC) and the Global Land Project (GLP) held back-to-back Open Science Meetings, in-cluding a joint conference on “Sustainable Land Systems in the Era of Urbanization and Climate

8 Core Projects

4 Joint Projects

1 Project Initiative

Change”, at Arizona State University. The gath-ering attracted scholars and decision-makers from around the globe to discuss the relation-ships between urbanization, land, and climate change and featured workshops, plenary, open paper and poster sessions in order to build new networks and foster collaboration worldwide.

A growing frequency of “extreme events” and their impact on society have been recog-nized by the scientific and policy community as a key area for research. In response to this de-mand for cutting-edge, policy relevant research in risk governance, IHDP’s Scientific Commit-tee approved the Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project) at its meeting in Bonn in September 2010. The IRG-Project is the first IHDP project with its International Project Of-fice located in China.

Two of IHDP’s core projects finalized their synthesis processes in 2010. The Global Environmental Change and Food Systems (GE-CAFS) project’s synthesis book “Food Security and Global Environmental Change”, published by Earthscan, was edited by John Ingram, Polly Ericksen and Diana Liverman. The book

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20 books

published

209 peer

reviewed articles

provides a major accessible synthesis of the current state of knowledge and thinking on the relationships between GEC and food security and reviews methods and approaches for ad-dressing this complex research agenda. The goal of GECAFS was to determine strategies to cope with the impacts of global environmental change on food systems and to assess the envi-ronmental and socio-economic consequences of adaptive responses aimed at improving food security.

The Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) synthesis book “The Changing Environment for Human Security: New Agendas for Research, Policy, and Action” is in preparation and will be pub-lished in 2012. The GECHS synthesis process has revealed that climate change requires both a technical response and “sustainable adapta-tion”, which includes a greater understanding of the role of individual and collective beliefs, values, worldviews, priorities and loyalties. A significant milestone for GECHS in the latter part of 2010 was the integration of their con-cepts on human security into the assessment

reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli-mate Change (IPCC). GECHS has been at the forefront in broadening the basis of human di-mensions research by inviting other disciplines to contribute to ongoing research activities.

During the course of 2010, the Industrial Transformations project (IT) prepared for its synthesis event in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in early 2011, entitled “Innovation and Sustain-ability Transitions in Asia”. IT has contributed to the increasing agenda on the ‘Green Econ-omy’ by focusing on sustainability pathways, with a special focus on Developing Asia. It has added integral value to IHDP’s understanding of transition processes and systems innovations in socio-technological regimes – a research focus that is unique in the whole GEC research community – and has over its lifespan built an international community of researchers.


Capacity Development

Capacity development is an important ele-ment of IHDP’s work, aiming to broaden and strengthen the community of young social scientists working on the human dimensions of global environmental change (GEC). The IHDP network stretches over 115 countries and facilitates collaboration among over 550 active project researchers to establish link-ages among scientists and policymakers and strengthen research capacities in developing countries. IHDP furthers a comprehensive capacity development strategy, especially targeting future leaders in science, policy and the media, to establish a broad science-policy-public learning process that can increase the shared understanding of complex issue areas of GEC. As a global programme, IHDP takes into consideration the composition of its research groups to ensure a balance in gender, regional and disciplinary backgrounds.

By offering capacity development initia-tives to early and mid-career scholars, IHDP aims at providing them with the knowledge and skills needed to address the social chal-lenges of GEC within their regions. Focusing

on individual capacity development, IHDP es-tablished the International Human Dimensions Workshops (IHDW) in 1998 to incorporate new and aspiring researchers into its networks. Since then, participants of these workshops have become key actors of GEC research, contributed as lead authors to major assess-ments such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), or became members of the various committees of the GEC research community. Prospectively, IHDP will aim at formulating a new IHDW concept within the framework of the CoDATE initiative led by the International Social Science Council (ISSC). This will include targeted training modules, a mentoring programme for aspiring leaders, and high-level segments for decision-makers.

During the course of 2010, IHDP’s projects and National Committees conducted various international and national scientific conferenc-es, workshops, seminars, research projects and summer schools and had their work published in multiple academic magazines and books. A synthesis of their activities, publications and news was disseminated worldwide through the

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IHDP National Committes Bullettin, as well as the electronic newsletter “E-Zine”.

Among the activities was a summer insti-tute series initiated by Beijing Normal Univer-sity in collaboration with IHDP’s Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project). The primary goal was to attract and train young scholars from the field of hazard and risk study in order to improve and strengthen education, research, as well as international cooperation capacity in China in the field of disaster and risk sciences.

Another highlight of 2010 was a capacity building workshop on “Carbon Governance in Asia: Bridging Scales and Disciplines“, held in Yokohama, Japan, that was jointly organized by IHDP’s Earth System Governance Project (ESG) and Global Carbon Project (GCP), as well as the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies (UNU-IAS), with further support from the Asia Pacific Network (APN). The overall aim was the capacity building of Asia-Pacific young researchers and the discus-sion of opportunities for carbon governance to develop low carbon societies in Asia.

2010 also saw the relaunch of the IHDP website including a frequently updated blog. This tool particularly aims at targeting future leaders in science, policy, and the media to establish a broad science-policy-public learning process that can increase the shared understanding of complex issue areas of GEC. This way, IHDP’s community, consisting of several thousand people, is regularly serviced by the IHDP Secre-tariat with the latest news, knowledge exchange and networking opportunities.

All through the year, the Secretariat of-fered internships to students with various back-grounds, oftentimes from developing countries, who greatly supported the staff in a large array of duties. Among other tasks, they helped with the development of a process for build-ing an expanded network of academic scholars and people involved in policy processes in the developing world and made significant prog-ress on extending the network to the African continent.


Science-Policy Interaction

IHDP’s added-value toward addressing global needs in both policy and research resides in its convening power to mobilize and catalyze re-search and dialogue: its access to intergovern-mental processes and its long-standing experi-ence with multidisciplinary approaches serving a diverse clientele as both dialogue facilitator and matchmaker.

During the past decade, IHDP devoted its energy largely to establishing scientific net-works and bridging the gap between the natural and social sciences. Having done so success-fully, the programme began in 2010 to strate-gically focus more strongly on science-policy interaction, through broader outreach efforts to key players in the appropriate policy domains.

To achieve a strong impact in these do-mains, international and intergovernmental or-ganizations and agencies, decision-makers in the private and civil society sectors, and practitioners at all levels of implementation must be included. Only such an inclusive approach can provide the means to link global research to local application and knowledge while involving the legislative and regulatory layers that lie in between.

IHDP in 2010 also endeavored to forge new and strengthen existing strategic partnerships. The programme continued to contribute to assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), e.g. by providing re-search results to the Fifth Assessment Report: Numerous scholars from IHDP’s network were among the 831 highly qualified experts selected from 3000 nominations to contribute to the report, which is still in progress.

Major opportunities also arose from the process leading to the establishment of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), a global mechanism designed to provide assess-ment and policy guidance to help reverse the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. IHDP, in partnership with DIVERSITAS, rep-resented the scientific community at the third intergovernmental meeting in Busan, Republic of South Korea June 2010, deliberating on the establishment of IPBES. As former team leader of the IPBES initiative while at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Anantha Duraiappah continued to play a key

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role in the IPBES process by ensuring the inclu-sion of the social sciences. IHDP will continue its efforts to position the social sciences as key to the IPBES process and be acknowledged by the international policy community as the key social sciences network for addressing global change issues.

Moreover, IHDP scientists in 2010 were involved in a number of policy-relevant activi-ties, including an IPCC workshop on “Socio-economic Scenarios” (WoSES). The objective was to develop a framework of socioeconomic scenarios to be used by the different scien-tific communities working on climate change impacts and on options for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change.

IHDP further provided input to selected policy-relevant assessment processes so as to strengthen social science contributions to these key platforms and inform policy processes, such as the UNEP’s fifth Global Environmen-tal Outlook (GEO-5), a global, consultative, participatory process that builds capacity for conducting global environmental assessments and for reporting on the state and trends of

the environment, future outlooks and policy options. Frank Biermann, Joyeeta Gupta, Oran Young and Norichika Kanie proved to be in-strumental in shaping the policy debate on the reform of the existing institutional structures governing the environment and development.

Also in 2010, policy-makers made use of the research conducted by the Global Environ-mental Change and Human Security project (GECHS) regarding Norway’s support to the IPCC Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX) process. Additional activities such as workshops and conferences were used by the GECHS commu-nity to further move human security concerns directly into IPCC’s focus.

Key Findings and Recommendations from IHDP Projects

Food Security

Key FInDInG: Sustainability of agricultural systems can be enhanced by promoting or increasing reliance on biodiversity and ecosys-tem services, so called ‘ecologically intensive agriculture’.Key ReCommenDAtIon: Integrated agricultural, environmental and territorial development policies and governance systems should be developed to promote ecological intensification of agriculture.

Key FInDInG: Intensification of agriculture sys-tems in agrarian economies do not necessarily lead to a reduction in cultivated lands or major gains in reforestation.Key ReCommenDAtIon: Panaceas to reduce deforestation and agricultural expansion do not exist and policies aimed at this reduction require crafting for specific socio-ecological conditions.

Key FInDInG: Critical to the success of a more integrated and holistic approach to ecosystem management is the creation of a new “com-mons”, understood both as a system of co-man-agement of ecosystem services and biodiversity within private and public land, and as a single system to produce a bundle of ecosystem ser-vices for direct and indirect use by society.Key ReCommenDAtIon: New institutions should be designed under the lens of landscape governance to manage both public and private lands, which can govern the new “commons” and will allow for decentralized decision-mak-ing on the use of land and water bodies within a mosaic structure of different ecosystem types.

Key FInDInG: A predominant feature of 21st century food systems is that they are inherently cross-scale, both against space and time.Key ReCommenDAtIon: Efficient action on the coupled GEC-food security agenda calls for integrated research at and across a range of spatial and temporal levels.


Human Health

Key FInDInG: Adaptation and mitigation strate-gies (actions and policies) have to be based on research integrating health, and the natural and social sciences, in order to address the com-plexity of the impact of global environmental change and human health. Key ReCommenDAtIon: Support initiatives conducting interdisciplinary research towards the development of adaptation and mitiga-tion strategies with respect to emerging health threats posed by global environmental change.

Key FInDInG: Still too few scientists are cur-rently addressing the impact of GEC on human health through an integrated approach. This leads to a gap in human resources with regard to dealing with emerging issues related to GEC/health, including the impact of extreme events and the (re-)emergence of infectious diseases. Further efforts in training and capacity building are urgently required, especially in developing countries. Key ReCommenDAtIon: Enable the formation of a critical mass of professionals – especially in the health sector in developing countries – who are able to develop research on the health impacts of GEC; this can be achieved through strengthening interdisciplinary training op-portunities and multidisciplinary international research networks.

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Key FInDInG: Global environmental change threatens human security. We have come a long way in understanding how global environ-mental change poses new and in some cases unprecedented threats to human security.Key ReCommenDAtIon: It is now time to gener-ate new knowledge for creating human security in a changing environment such that it contrib-utes to sustainable and equitable futures.

Climate Change & Human Security

Key FInDInG: Climate change is not simply a technical problem that can be addressed by improving existing systems and technologies, pricing emissions, allocating special funds for adaptation and mitigation, or reforming institutions and governance. It may require these changes, but it is also a challenge that is intricately related to other ecological, social and economic issues.Key ReCommenDAtIon: Responding to climate change calls for shifts and deeper transfor-mations to occur in current structures and systems, at multiple levels and across multiple dimensions.


Urbanization & Global Environmental Change

Key FInDInG: Disaster risk reduction and cli-mate change adaptation converge and interplay in the context of urban areas; these connec-tions have started to change how researchers and practitioners conceive and approach the analysis and management of urban climate risk and associated impacts and response activities.Key ReCommenDAtIon: Identify connections and contentions between the two fields as well as potential synergies. Increased interactions between researchers and practitioners will influence the success of climate change adapta-tion and disaster risk reduction and affect the security and well-being of urban populations.

Human Security and Water

Key FInDInG: Places where humans are expe-riencing water scarcity are also those where freshwater biodiversity faces the greatest threat. By investing in water technology and infrastructure adequate human water security could be achieved, though at the expense of aquatic biodiversity. This reflects the “tradi-tional” strategy, which tolerates the degradation of supporting ecosystem services and then ap-plies costly remediation measures. Securing the availability and quality of the resources implies a swift paradigm change.Key ReCommenDAtIon: Comparison of the governance frameworks and practice of several catchments highlight features of “good gov-ernance”: polycentric governance structures, effective legal frameworks, open access to in-formation and meaningful stakeholder partici-pation. Simple panaceas for governance reform and pathways towards improvement do not hold and should no longer be promoted.

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hot

o: m

urp

h y

eppo

on

Project Portfolio


Albania

Andorra

Argentina

Armenia

Australia

Austria

Azerbaijan

Bangladesh

Belarus

Belgium

Benin

Bolivia

Bosnia and

Herzegovina

Botswana

Brazil

Brunei

Bulgaria

Burkina Faso

Burma

Burundi

Cambodia

Cameroon

Canada

Chile

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Croatia

Cuba

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

ecuador

egypt

eritrea

estonia

Finland

France

Georgia

Germany

Ghana

Greece

Guinea

Hungary

Iceland

India

Indonesia

Israel

Iran

Ireland

Italy

Japan

Kazakhstan

Kenya

lao PDR

latvia

lesotho

liechtenstein

lithuania

luxembourg

madagascar

malaysia

malta

mexico

moldova

monaco

mongolia

montenegro

morocco

mozambique

namibia

nepal

netherlands

new Zealand

niger

nigeria

norway

Pakistan

Paraguay

Peru

Philippines

Poland

Polynesia

Portugal

Republic of

macedonia

Romania

Russia

Rwanda

San marino

Senegal

Serbia

Singapore

Slovakia

Slovenia

Solomon Islands

South Africa

South Korea

Spain

Sri lanka

Sudan

Sweden

Switzerland

taiwan

tanzania

thailand

turkey

uganda

ukraine

united Kingdom

united States of America

Vatican City

Venezuela

Vietnam

IHDP Research Worldwide

Countries of Research

11

8

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International Project Offices

Earth System Governance Project1. Global Environmental Change & 2. Human Security Project (closed)Global Land Project3. Industrial Transformation Project4. Integrated History & Future of People on Earth Project5. Integrated Risk Governance Project6. Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone Project7. Urbanization & Global Environmental Change Project8. Global Carbon Project9. Global Environmental Change & Food Systems Project10. Global Environmental Change & Human Health Project11. Global Water System Project12.

1

4

52

610 127

3

6

9

9


Core Projects

ESG

Earth System Governance Project

Governance for sustain-ability: Navigating the anthropocene

GECHS

Global Environmen-tal Change & Human Security Project

Understanding human security in an era of global change

GLP

Global Land Project

Measuring, modelling and understanding the coupled human-environment system

IHOPE

Integrated History & Future of People on Earth Project

Studying historical hu-man interactions with the Earth toward a sustainable future

41

IRG-Project

Integrated Risk Governance Project

Learning to deal with risks that exceed current coping capacities

IHDP-IT

Industrial Transformation Project

Identifying alternative pathways towards sustain-ability

LOICZ

Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone

Working to support sus-tainability and adaptation to global change in the coastal zone

UGEC

Urbanization & Global Environmen-tal Change Project

Guiding research on the interactions and feedbacks between urbanization and global change


Earth System Governance Project

Humans now influence all biological and physical systems of the planet. Almost no species, no land area, no part of the oceans has remained unaffected by the expan-sion of the human species. Human activity is generating change that extends well beyond natural variability and at rates that continue to accelerate. It is apparent that institutions, organizations and mechanisms by which humans currently govern their relationship with the natural environment and global biochemical systems are not only insufficient—they are also poorly understood. More effective governance systems are needed. This is the rationale and challenge for the Earth System Governance Project. It defines earth system governance as the inter-related system of formal and informal rules, rule-making mechanisms and actor-networks at all levels of human society that are set up to steer societies towards prevent-ing, mitigating and adapting to global and local environ-mental change and earth system transformation, within the context of sustainable development. The project will also develop policy responses to the pressing problems of earth system transformation. It is designed as a nodal point within the four global change research programmes to guide, organize and evaluate research on governance in the various projects.

“2010 was a great year for the Earth System Governance Project, as it marked the end of its period of setting-up and institutionalization. With Lund University now committing substantial resources to the project’s International Project Office, with international top-science events planned for 2011, and with more than 1600 scholars from all over the world involved in the initia-tive, the Project is fully set to embark on its ambitious, long-term agenda.” Prof. Frank Biermann, Project Chair

InteRnAtIonAl PRoJeCt oFFICe

Hosted by lund university

Ruben Zondervan, executive Director

[email protected]

www.earthsystemgovernance.org

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Scientific Highlights

2010 has been characterized by a large number of high quality small and medium size scientific meetings, all resulting in or leading to academic publications. These events enabled the project to gain a better and deeper understanding of the problems of the overall architec-ture of earth system governance, of agency beyond the state and of the state, of the adaptiveness of governance mechanisms and processes, of their accountability and legitimacy and of modes of allocation and access in earth system governance. In addition, co-hosting and endorse-ment of large conferences like the 2010 Berlin Conference and the ISEE 2010 conference resulted in an improved integration of the concept of earth system governance with other scientific communities, such as ecological economics. The new collaborations also broadened the knowledge base and the range of scientific disciplines included in the project.

InSIGHt 2010

The project has suc-cessfully established key research collaborations and networks that now bring together several hundred researchers on all continents. Key progress has been made particularly in the areas of architec-tures of earth system governance, agency in earth system governance, and accountability and legitimacy of earth system governance.

Key QueStIon 2011

The understanding of the relations and interactions between the analytical problems that are the problems of the overall architecture of earth sys-tem governance, of agency beyond the state and of the state, of the adaptiveness of governance mechanisms and processes, of their ac-countability and legitimacy and of modes of allocation and access in earth system governance.

EarthSystem GovernancePeople, Places, and the Planet



Earth system governance has found its way into the curricula of a num-ber of academic studies. Many senior researchers involved in the project undertake training to strengthen the capacity of early-career researchers in the field. The International Project Office and institutes involved in the project offer internships. Already before its formal launch in 2009, the project engaged in capacity building activities through a series of annual Marie Curie Training Courses that ended in 2010. In total, more than 300 early-career scientists have been trained in various aspects of earth system governance research. With three other workshops in 2010, ca-pacity building has become a major and successful activity of the project and has proved to be very valuable to initiating new research collabora-tions.


While essentially being a scientific effort, the project is also designed to assist policy responses to the prob-lems of earth system transformation. All analytical problems studied have profound policy implications. The current stage of the project cycle fo-cuses on establishing the knowledge necessary for and intelligent ap-proaches to effective science-policy interaction. Many affiliated research-ers have positions in policymaking bodies, and are in the delegations to intergovernmental negotiations. The project has representatives in UNEP’s fifth Global Environmental Outlook, the UNEP Major Group and Stakeholders Advisory Group on International Environmental Gover-nance, the fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC as well as the RESCUE Foresight Initiative of the European Science Foundation, amongst others.

Outreach

Members of the Earth System Gover-nance Scientific Steering Committee, as well as many of the project’s affili-ated researchers, have been actively engaged in presenting, promoting and explaining the Earth System Governance Project and its analytical framework to a multitude of audi-ences including guest lectures, key note speeches, convening conference panels or special sessions at confer-ences and other venues. The website of the Earth System Governance Project is rapidly turning into a main reference point for working papers, projects, events, and publications on the governance of global envi-ronmental change. More than 1,700 scientists have already subscribed to the newsletter, and the project is making good progress concerning its presence on social networking sites.

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SeleCteD PuBlICAtIonS

Institutional Dynamics. Emergent Patterns in International Environ-mental Governanceoran R. young, Cambridge, mA: mIt Press.

Environmental Politics And Delib-erative Democracy. Examining the Promise of New Modes of Gover-nanceKarin Bäckstrand, Jamil Khan, Annica Kronsell, and eva lövbrand (eds). Cheltenham: edward elgar.

Global Climate Governance Beyond 2012. Architecture, Agency and AdaptationFrank Biermann, Philipp Pattberg, and Fariboz Zelli (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge university Press

Governing Climate ChangeHarriet Bulkeley, Peter newell. london / new york: Routledge.

Multilateral Environmental Agree-ments: Legal Status of the SecretariatsBharat H. Desai. ny: Cambridge univ. Press

Key eVentS

may 2010

Author Workshop on ‘Agency in Earth System Governance’Workshop to prepare a special issue on agency and earth system gover-nance

July 2010

Democratizing Climate GovernanceHosted by the ANU Centre for Deliberative Democracy & Global Governance, co-sponsored by the ANU Climate Change Institute, and endorsed by the Earth System Gover-nance Project.

August 2010

ISEE 11th Biennial Conference: Advancing Sustainability in a Time of CrisisThe Earth System Governance Proj-ect co-hosted this conference

october 2010

2010 Berlin Conference on the Hu-man Dimensions of Global Environ-mental Change. ‘Social dimensions of environmental change and gover-nance’The 2010 Berlin Conference has been the 10th conference in the well established series of European Con-ferences on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. This year’s conference addressed the “Social dimensions of environmental change and governance”.


Global Environmental Change & Human Security Project

The Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) came to a close in mid-2010, after a decade as a core project of IHDP. Over the years, GECHS has grown into a solid and well-respected research com-munity, and the topic of human security can be found increasingly on the agenda of environmental issues, both within research and policy. Placing global environmen-tal change (GEC) within the larger socioeconomic and political contexts, and focusing on the way diverse social processes combined with GEC affect human security, has contributed significantly to the understanding of the causes and consequences of global environmental change. More than anything, GECHS research has helped to move human beings and societies to the center of GEC research. Having established this foundation, the human security community will continue to play an important role in shaping future research and promoting responses to environmental change that enhance human security.

“We have reached a point where our understanding of the relation-ships between global environmental change and human security is solid. The challenge now is to translate our understanding into policies and practices that create the economic, social, political, institutional and cultural conditions that are essential for human security.”Prof. Karen O’Brien, Project Chair


linda Sygna, executive officer

Project office Closed as of 2010

www.gechs.org

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Over the years, there has been considerable progress in conceptualizing human security, and increasing the understanding of how human security is influenced by environmental change. Based on a greater knowledge of the “human security dimensions” of global environmen-tal change, the GECHS project has more recently been focusing on forward-looking actions: How can society create positive social change and enhance human security in the context of GEC? Moving beyond an understanding of environmental change as a technical problem that can be addressed by managing existing systems better, by im-proving technology, or by reforming institutions, there is a need to pay greater attention to the “adaptive challenge” of global change, i.e. to question existing mindsets and assumptions. Meeting the “adaptive challenge” involves a greater understanding of the role of individual and col-lective beliefs, values, worldviews, priorities and loyalties. This is emerging as a new area for global environmental change research, as a better understanding of the “deep-er” human dimensions can potentially contribute to more effective responses that are aligned with increased human security and a sustainable and resilient future.

The GECHS project has been in a synthesis phase since 2008, and in 2010, much emphasis was put on consolidating, synthesizing and disseminating research findings. At the same time, considerable efforts have been placed on activities that are more forward-looking, and ideas that are likely to shape future global environmental change and human security research.

InSIGHt 2010

The synthesis process made it clear that envi-ronmental change is more than a “technical problem” that can be solved through better management or improved governance. GEC is also an “adap-tive challenge” calling for individuals, groups and in-stitutions to examine their beliefs, values, worldviews, assumptions, priorities and loyalties. Such reflexivity is important for identify-ing solutions that promote both human security and sustainability.

Key QueStIon 2011

How can global change sci-entists apply their insights on systems and societies with research and practice on learning and leadership, in order to create enabling conditions for human security?



An important objective for GECHS has been to mobilize a new generation of committed human security re-searchers. Young scientists from both developing and developed countries have been engaged in various GECHS activities. During the Summer School in Comparative Social Science Studies at the University of Oslo, GECHS or-ganized the PhD course “Security and Environmental Change”, with Profes-sor Simon Dalby, Carleton University, Ottawa, as course lecturer. Together with Karen O’Brien, Oslo University, GECHS contributed to the NORD-CLAD-Net PhD course “Bridging the science, policy and practice of adapta-tion to climate change in the Nordic countries” at the Stockholm Environ-ment Institute. The synthesis phase focused particularly on highlighting the work of young scholars from the south.


2010 allowed a close connection between GECHS research and policymakers, especially with regard to Norway’s support to the Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” (SREX) process.

Outreach

Upcoming book: “A Changing Envi-ronment for Human Security” The GECHS synthesis book, “A Changing Environment for Human Security”, will be published by Earth-scan in early 2012. The book contains 40 chapter contributions from the GECHS synthesis conference and discusses the opportunities and challenges faced in creating enabling conditions for human security under environmental change. Session at the Planet under Pressure Conference, March 2012, London With partners GECHS is co-orga-nizing the session, “The Emperor’s new clothes: exploring paradigm shifts around climate change policy and research” at the Planet under Pressure Conference in London, UK, March 26-29, 2012. The call for paper and poster proposals will be posted in mid-June.

49


Sustainable Adaptation to Climate ChangeSiri eriksen and Katrina Brown (eds), Special Journal Issue of Climate and Development, Vol. 3, Issue 1.

Climate Change, Ethics and Human SecurityKaren o’Brien, Asunción lera St. Clair and Berit Kristoffersen (eds.)

July 2010. Cambridge university Press

Global Environmental Change and Human SecurityRichard A. matthew,Jon Barnett, Bryan mc-Donald and Karen o’Brien (eds.)

Cambridge, mA: mIt Press, 2010

Climate Change and Small Island States: Power, Knowledge and the South Pacific Jon Barnett and John Campbell earthscan, london, 2010.

Development Ethics: A ReaderAsunción lera St.Clair and Des Gasper (eds.).

london: Ashgate, 2010.

Key eVentS

July 26-30, 2010

Security and Environmental ChangePhD training course, Oslo Sum-mer School in Comparative Social Science Studies, University of Oslo, Norway, with lecturer Professor Simon Dalby.

november 6-8, 2010

Bridging the science, policy and practice of adaptation to climate change in the Nordic countriesNORDCLAD-Net PhD course, Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), Sweden

December, 14-17, 2010

Adaptation to climate change in two Labrador communities: Values and cultural identityArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting, Ottawa, Canada.


Global Land Project

The Land System, including freshwater, is the critical land component within the Earth System. Both terres-trial and aquatic land ecosystems provide a multiplicity of ecosystem services, such as clean water, air, and flood control. Intensification and diversification of land use and advances in technology have led to rapid changes in bio-geochemical cycles, hydrologic processes, and landscape dynamics. The Global Land Project (GLP), established in 2006, aims at improving the understanding and model-ing of the effects of human actions on natural processes of the terrestrial biosphere. Changes in land use and management affect the states, properties, and functions of ecosystems, which, in turn, affect the provision of eco-system services, and, ultimately, affect human well-being.

“2010 was an exciting year for GLP. We had the opportunity to gather up to 550 people for our Open Sci-ence Conference in Arizona, co-organized with UGEC. It was a great opportunity to take stock of current achievements and to develop new ideas and inspiration for future directions of research concerning the coupled human-environment system.”

Prof. Anette Reenberg, Project Chair


Hosted by university of Copenhagen, Denmark

Dr. tobias langanke, executive officer

[email protected], [email protected]

www.globallandproject.org

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In 2010, the Global Land Project focused on the GLP Open Science Meeting “Land Systems, Global Change and Sustainability”, organized in close cooperation with the IHDP Core Project Urbanization and Global Envi-ronmental Change (UGEC). The meeting offered a large number of parallel sessions featuring prominent keynote speakers, and attracted around 340 participants (around 550 on joint day with UGEC). The cooperation with UGEC extended to almost all matters of conference plan-ning, including a joint day, combi-tickets, shared graphic design, shared video and photo documentation, joint applications for external funding with NASA, the Na-tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Science Foundation (NSF), and close collaboration on many other logistical issues. Funding applications for travel support were very successful. In addition, the project received great support from UGEC’s International Project Office. Partly based on the feedback provided by the community during the Open Science Meeting, the Global Land Project is currently discussing its synthesis topics for the second half of its lifespan.

InSIGHt 2010

The most important project result from 2010 is the strengthening of the land-change community through the very successful Open Science Conference in Arizona in October. Also, a first “GLP Report” was published in August 2010 on “Land Grab in Africa” and attempted a current overview on pub-lished figures on the extent and spatial location of the phenomenon.

Key QueStIonS 2011

Ecosystem services •provided by land sys-tems, prioritization and trade-offs.Global land-use and •land-cover datasets – status, challenges and new opportunities.Pathways to sustainable •land management.Challenges and op-•portunities in modeling Integrated land-change processes.Land prioritization; •bioenergy, food and other products.



A major part of the planning for the Open Science Meeting 2010 was dedicated to secure funding for the participation of young scientists and scientists from developing countries. UGEC and GLP shared USD 120.000 in additional funds and GLP fully funded the participation of around 60 participants. Subsequent to the meet-ing, GLP logistically supported the modeling workshop “Land Change Modeling Methods: calibration, vali-dation and extrapolation”, hosted by R.G. Pontius, Clark University. More-over, GLP’s Sapporo Nodal Office recently completed training for young scientists on techniques for valuing and mapping ecosystem services. The training took place at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan, and featured 30 fellows from 14 countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe and the United States.


The Open Science Meeting “Land Systems, Global Change and Sustain-ability” in Arizona, in close coopera-tion with the UGEC Conference, at-tracted not only a broad audience of scientists, but also participants from NGOs, the public sector, journalists, publishers, funding agencies and (to a lesser extent) private business. The focus of GLP has been on scientific networking rather than on direct project-level interactions. Individual SSC members are, however, through their respective institutions and posi-tions, more strongly involved in the science-policy interface, including high-level national policy influence and authorship in the process of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Outreach

The project’s main outreach has been achieved through presentations held by IPO staff, the Chair, SSC members or Nodal Office staff at scientific con-ferences and workshops. In addition, there is frequent communication with the research community and the general public via tools such as the website, email updates, newsletters, downloadable presentations, session-reports and videos. GLP intends to publish more “GLP Reports” and is planning its own publication series. For larger events, such as the GLP Open Science Conference, a press release was circulated and photos and videos were produced profes-sionally and made available on the GLP website.

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Land Use and Ecosystemsturner et al. GlP Sapporo nodal office has edited a special feature in Sustainability Science (Sustainability Science, Volume 5, number 1, January 2010). the Special Feature documents progress in land Change Science Research

Complex Land Systems: The Need for Long-term Perspectives to Assess Their FutureDearing, J. A., A. K. Braimoh, A. Reenberg, B. l. turner, and S. van der leeuw. 2010. ecology and Society 15(4): 21. [online] uRl: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/art21/

A Generic Structure for Plant Trait Databases. MethodsKattge, J., ogle, K., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., lavorel, S., madin, J., nadrowski, K., nollert, S., Sartor, K. and Wirth, C., Kattge, J., ogle, K., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., lavorel, S., madin, J., nadrowski, K., nollert, S., Sartor, K. and Wirth, C., 2010. In ecology & evolution, no. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00067.x

Vulnerability and Resilience: Co-alescing or Paralleling Approaches for Sustainability Science? turner II, B.l., 2010. Global environmental Change Vol. 20, pp. 570-576.

The Global Technical Potential of Bio-energy in 2050 Considering Sus-tainability ConstraintsHaberl, H., Beringer, t., Bhattacharya, S.C., erb, K.H. and Hoogwijk, m., 2010. Current opinion in environmental Sustainability, 2:394-403.

Key eVentS

march 2010

Representation of Ecosystem Servic-es in the modelling of Land SystemsWorkshop planned and hosted by the Aberdeen Nodal Office

november 2011

Esther Boserup Conference 2010 – a centennial tribute. Long-term Trajectories in Population, Gender Relations, Land Use and the Environ-mentOrganized in cooperation with the Vienna University of Economics and Business, University of Graz, and Alpen-Adria University and endorsed and sponsored by GLP.

october 2011, tempe, AZ, uSA

GLP Open Science Meeting “Land Systems, Global Change and Sustain-ability”OSM held back to back with UGEC OSM with a shared day to bring together both communities, with a total of 790 participants. 6 plenary sessions with high level keynote speakers, 58 parallel sessions over 3 days. Local support through UGEC IPO, Billie Turner School of Geo-graphical Sciences & Urban Planning and GIOS. The conference gathered $120,000 funding for young and developing country scientists from NASA, NSF, NOAA, Wageningen University, GLP IPO and INPE.


Industrial Transformation Project

The Industrial Transformation project (IT) aims at better understanding change in production and consumption systems with major impacts on the global environment. While the initial focus was on technological change, IT research increasingly began to consider technical change within institutional and social contexts. There is a broadly shared scientific and political agreement that existing socio-technical systems in many important economic and social domains are unsustainable and require major transformations. IT’s work over the last decade showed that socio-technical transformations were common in the past, and that co-evolutionary changes have taken place in technologies coupled with social, institutional and economic changes. Future ‘sustainability transitions’ are likely to have similar characteristic;, however, past transitions were not framed by an overarching soci-etal objective like sustainability. The challenge will be to understand how they may be governed through the coordination of societal actors. IT has sought to initiate a new research agenda on the conditions under which experiments emerge and form alternatives to the exist-ing socio-technical regimes. It has shifted the focus of its agenda from rich, industrialized countries to contexts in rapidly industrializing and urbanizing Asia.

“2010 was a year of synthesis and rounding-off for IT. The highlights were the publication of a series of papers on ‘sustainability experi-ments’ in Asia, promising radical solutions for sustainable develop-ment, and a final conference held in Kuala Lumpur attended by a new generation of scholars working on innovation and sustainability in rap-idly developing countries.”

Prof. Frans Berkhout, Project Chair


Anna J. Wieczorek, executive officer

[email protected]

www.ihdp-it.org (archived)

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Among the objectives of the IT project in 2010 was the application of transition concepts and models in rapidly developing Asian contexts. Although new to many of the Asian researchers and practitioners, the basic concepts used to frame sustainability transitions appeared robust and continued to generate useful new insights about the generation, adoption and diffusion of new ways of do-ing things. Concepts such as sustainability experiments and socio-technical regimes can function as bridging concepts for academic researchers, policy makers and practitioners. They take account of innovative activities in diverse settings in developing countries, including activi-ties outside the firm, emphasizing the role of rules and social practices in socio-technical change. The work of the IT project sought to emphasize the space for innova-tion in emerging economy settings that stands apart from ‘technological catch-up’, in which it is assumed that the main flow of ideas and technologies comes from more technologically advanced countries and sectors.

InSIGHt 2010

The work of the IT project is just the beginning. It is important to continue with the development of transition frameworks and to apply them in develop-ing country contexts, by adjusting concepts, by de-veloping testable hypoth-eses, or by developing the framework further in the light of empirical research.

Key QueStIon 2011

How do sustainability experiments influence transitions to sustainability in Asia and how can their transformative potential be fostered and strengthened?



The two IT meetings, the “Environ-ment and Resource Management” course, and the “Pioneers into Practice” program of the EU, allowed for younger researchers from the Asia region to get acquainted with transition concepts and methods. In addition, the synthesis conference in Kuala Lumpur attracted a high number of PhD and young post-doc researchers.


Prof. Em. Dato, Dr, Zakri Abdul Hamid, Science Advisor to the Government of Malaysia, opened the Kuala Lumpur synthesis confer-ence with a speech. The conference also featured a Policy Forum on the sustainability of biofuels, fostering engagement with policymakers and business participants.

Scientific Development

The project does not have an IHDP follow up. However, the research on sustainability transitions continues in various forms and new networks, where many of the earlier IT-in-volved researchers continue, e.g. as committee members. Also, APN has expressed its interest in contributing to the follow-up activities of IT, and a new proposal will be submitted.

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Socio-technical Experiments in Asia – A Driver for Sustainability Transi-tion? Special issue of Environmental Science and Policy Journal (Volume 13, Issue 4, Feb 2010). edited by Berkhout, F., Verbong, G. and A.J. Wieczorek., including the following contributions:

Sustainability Experiments in Asia: Innovations Shaping Alternative Development Pathways?Pages 261-271. Frans Berkhout, Geert Ver-bong, Anna J. Wieczorek, Rob Raven, louis lebel, Xuemei Bai. Pages 261-271.

Rural Energy Transitions in Develop-ing Countries: A Case of the Uttam Urja Initiative in IndiaIbrahim Hafeezur Rehman, Abhishek Kar, Rob Raven, Dilip Singh, Jitendra tiwari, Rakesh Jha, Pramod Kumar Sinha, Asim mirza. Pages 303-311.

A Promising Niche: Waste to Energy Project in the Indian Dairy Sectormahesh Patankar, Anand Patwardhan, Geert Verbong, Pages 282-290.

Innovation Cycles, Niches and Sus-tainability in the Shrimp Aquaculture Industry in Thailandlouis lebel, Rattanawan mungkung, Shabbir H. Gheewala, Phimphakan lebel. Pages 291-302

Strategic Niche Management in an Unstable Regime: Biomass Gasifica-tion in IndiaGeert Verbong, Willem Christiaens, Rob Raven, Annelies Balkema, Pages 272-281.

Urban Sustainability Experiments in Asia: Patterns and PathwaysXuemei Bai, Brian Roberts, Jing Chen Pages 312-325.

Biomass Energy Experiments in Rural India: Insights from Learning-based Development Approaches and Lessons for Strategic Niche Manage-mentHenny Romijn, Rob Raven, Ina de Visser. Pages 326-338.

Key eVentS

Jan 2010, Kolkata India

Scoping research on sustainability experimentsIT APN workshop on the role of sus-tainability experiments in stimulating transitions in Asia

Jan 2011, Kuala lumpur malaysia

IT final conference on innovation and sustainability transitions in AsiaCombined synthesis and new agenda conference.

Jan 2011, taipei, taiwan

2011 International Conference on Industrial Transformation Urban-ization, and Human Security in the Asia-Pacific


Integrated History and Future of People on Earth

The Integrated History and Future of People on Earth (IHOPE) project initiative is a global research network, demonstrating that earth system changes in the past have been strongly associated with changes in the coupled hu-man-environment system. The IPO of IHOPE therefore argues that society and science can learn from the past when modeling unpleasant thresholds and possible sus-tainable futures. IHOPE supports sharing knowledge and resources from the biophysical and the social sciences and the humanities to address analytical and interpretive issues associated with coupled human-earth system dy-namics. IHOPE will create frameworks that can be used to integrate perspectives, theories, tools and knowledge from a variety of disciplines spanning the full spectrum of social and natural sciences and the humanities. The overarching goal is to produce a rich understanding of the relationships between environmental and human processes over the past millennia. The project recognizes that one major challenge is consensus building around a ‘workable’ terminology that can be accepted by scholars of all disciplines. The projects objective is to identify slow and rapidly moving features of complex socio-ecological systems, from local to continental spatial scales, which induce resilience, stress, or collapse.

“IHOPE activities lead the search of the past for clues to the future of humankind. By increasing our understanding of past societies’ suc-cesses and failures, we can envision more resilient human communities and a more harmonious relationship between our species and the planet we call home.”

Dr. Stephan Barthel, Executive Officer


Sponsored by Stockholm Resilience Centre,

Stockholm university

Carole Crumley, Research Director

[email protected]

Stephan Barthel, executive officer

[email protected]

http://stockholmresilience.org/ihope

59


The establishment of the IHOPE’s IPO at the Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, has fostered a powerful collaboration that links the global environmen-tal science community with an academic centre of excel-lence in the resilience of socio-ecological systems.

The sister universities Stockholm University and Uppsa-la University share strengths in the social sciences, humanities and Earth system sciences. Their departments of history, clas-sics, archaeology, biodiversity, human and physical geography, and systems ecology are actively engaged in collaborations around IHOPE themes. In addition, Uppsala University has founded and supports the World Historical Ecology Network (WHEN), a collaborative network of scholars interested in the transdisciplinary work IHOPE promotes.

One of the most exciting developments was the construction of an interactive historical and geographical modeling platform that can be used for IHOPE projects: A land use land cover (LULC) is linked to a spatially explicit complex systems model that includes biophysical and socio-economic modules. The combined model will represent the social-ecological system (SES) of the case study by integrating systems dynamics, agent-based models, cellular automata and network theory models to represent various key elements of the system, including hydrology, forest succession, agriculture, ecosystem services, demographics, trade and transport, and regional economics (including infrastructure, technology, and governance). The model can calibrate, validate and test scenarios and present trajectories for key indicators through time; it visually presents the case study area and provides an online user interface. This allows comparative analysis of dif-fering assumptions and has direct policy implications.

InSIGHt 2010

While an overarching goal is to produce a rich understanding of the dialectical relationships between environmental and human processes over the past millennia, a major challenge for reaching it is forging a ‘workable’ terminology that can be accepted by scholars of all disciplines. The concept of memory has been fruit-ful for interdisciplinary discussions. Several of the IHOPE working groups have collaborated on im-pressive regional syntheses and others have or will soon publish books.

Key QueStIon 2011

Identifying the multiple slow and rapidly chang-ing variables of complex social-ecological systems – from local to continental spatial scales and up to millennial temporal scales – which induce resilience or vulnerability.



university of South Carolina, march 19-20

From Field to Table: the Histori-cal Ecology of Regional Subsistence Strategies. Keynote: Crumley.

Copenhagen university, April 12-14

Climate & Mobility. Keynote: Crum-ley.

may 10-13, edinburgh

AIMES Open Science Conference: Earth System Science-Climate, Global Change, and People. Keynote: Crumley.

Berlin Academy of Sciences & Humanities, June 15-17

Social-Ecological Resilience of Cul-tural Landscapes. Keynote: Crumley.

lisbon, nov 5

Searching the Past for Clues to the Future. IGBP Iberian Regional Meet-ing. Keynote: Crumley.


The Swedish National Heritage Board (SNHB) agreed to open files at their archives and provide guid-ance and a workplace to students and researchers at their premises in Visby, Gotland, Sweden. In return, IHOPE will invite SNHB to seminars and disseminate the results of new research conducted in 2011.

Outreach

The project’s website has been designed and launched during the spring of 2010, offering scholars of various disciplines a tool and a meet-ing point for interdisciplinary work.

Further, the interactive, open-source, web-based map portal Urban Atlas (www.urbanatlasportal.org), has agreed to grant the IPO the use of its website for the dissemination of results and information. Urban Atlas is intended to aggregate and serve spatial map-based information on various aspects of metropolitan ecosystems. It will build information on social-ecological systems and the ecosystem services of benefit to hu-man communities to bridge the gap between research and management, and provide information and knowl-edge to scientists, planners, educa-tors and ordinary citizens.

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Social-Ecological Memory in Urban Gardens - Retaining the Capacity for Management of Ecosystem ServicesBarthel, S., Folke, C. and Colding, J. (2010). Global environmental Change, 20(2): 255-265

Developing a systematic “Science of the Past” to Create our FutureCornell, S., Costanza, B., Sörlin, S. and S. van der leeuw. (2010). Global environmental Change, 20: 426-427.

The Archaeology of Global Environ-mental ChangeCrumley, C. (2010). Humans and the environ-ment: new Archaeological Perspectives for the 21st Century. matthew Davies and Freda nkirote, eds. oxford: oxford university Press.

Population Aggregation in Ancient Arid EnvironmentsJanssen, m.A. (2010). ecology and Society, 15(2): 19 (special issue)

The Archaeology of Sustainability: Mesoamerica Scarborough, V.l. (2010). (invited) Ancient mesoamerica 20(2):197-203.

The Urban Mind, Cultural and Envi-ronmental DynamicsSinclair, P., Herschend, F., nordquist, G and C. Isendahl, eds. (2010). p. 618. Studies in Global Archaeology 15. uppsala: uppsala university Press.

The New World of the AnthropoceneZalasiewicz, J., Williams, m., Steffen, W. and Crutzen, P. (2010). environmental Science & technology, doi: 10.1021/es903118j

Key eVentS

Stockholm, Sweden, 25 may 2010

Joint World Historical Ecology Net-workWorkshop series on Memory for Sus-tainability, at the Swedish Academy of Science.

Santa Barbara, uSA, 15 – 18 September 2010

International IHOPE MeetingLocated at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS).

Stockholm, Sweden, 1 December 2010

Expertise for the FutureBook workshop to be published by Elsevier, led by Sverker Sörlin, Paul Warde, and Libby Robin.


Integrated Risk Governance Project

The increased frequency of exceptional weather and climate hazards due to global warming has intensified disaster risks, gradually demonstrated in meteorological observation data from all over the world. Yet, societ-ies face risks not only from weather conditions, but also due to negative effects on the normal operation of some infrastructures in the world and the service capacity of the Earth’s ecological system. International frameworks and national governments have expressed strong interest in improved risk governance systems, as reflected in the UN International Strategy on Disaster Reduction. The In-tegrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project) intends to direct the attention to a number of concerns, including policies designed to reduce the vulnerability of individu-als and communities to the impacts of extreme events, decision-making processes regarding the establishment and deployment of response capabilities, and institutional arrangements capable of protecting individuals from the impacts of extreme events. The project will undertake a multidisciplinary integration analysis to understand risk formation mechanisms and dissemination behavior. It aims to identify mechanisms, trends, impacts and the predictability of risks in the context of global change, and will develop risk assessment models and methods for integrated risk simulation.

“2010 was a great year for IRG-Proj-ect because it was not only officially approved as one of IHDP’s core projects but also developed a solid foundation for the next ten years with great support being provided by both international risk communi-ties and the Chinese government.” Prof. Peijun Shi, Project Chair


Hosted by the Academy of Disaster Reduction and

emergency management (ADRem) in Beijing, China

with support from the Potsdam Institute for Climate

Impact Research and the european Climate Forum

in Germany.

Qian ye; [email protected]

elke Henning; [email protected]

www.irg-project.org

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2010 brought with it several scientific highlights for the IRG-Project. The project started a fruitful and ongoing collabora-tion within the Global Systems Dynamics Project (GSDP), a European network on complex systems. In addition, IRG-Project finalized the establishment of its scientific steering committee after a careful selec-tion process. The new organ will be finally approved and inaugurated in 2011.


At Beijing Normal University (BNU), a growing number of PhD and Master stu-dents are conducting research under the framework of IRG-Project. In addition in 2010 the second Summer Institute for Advanced Study of Disaster and Risk: Disaster, Risk, and Climate Change was held from 2-13 August 2010.


Starting in 2009, active discussions with the European Commission’s FET division (Future and Emerging Technologies), the German Ministry for the Environment, and the Chinese Ministry for Science and Technology continued. All collaborations are fruitful and ongoing in 2010-2011.


Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Beijing Nor-Mal UniversityiRisknet, China; http://www.irisknet.cn/enindex.php

Key eVentS

August 2010

2010 Summer Institute for Advanced Study of Disas-ter and Risk: Disaster, Risk, and Climate Change The 2010 Summer Institute at Beijing Normal Univer-sity is the second summer institute co-sponsored by the Chinese government. It is an integral part of our project and a core capacity building activity. The pri-mary goals are to attract and train young scholars with a background and strong in-terest in the field of hazard and risk science, as well as to improve and strengthen education, research and in-ternational communication in and with China.

Key QueStIonS

2011

What are the entry- and exit-transitions of large-scale disasters, and what are the governing factors and param-eters? How can we model the entry- and exit-transition of large-scale disasters? Review of existing risk models: models developed and used in aca-demia, in govern-ment agents, and in insurance industry.

InSIGHt 2010

An important milestone in 2010 was becoming a core project of IHDP. In addition, the preparation and set-up of further project offices in Africa (Ethiopia) and South-East Asia (Singapore) was another key task in 2010.


Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone Project

Since 1993, the Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone project (LOICZ) has been studying Earth’s hetero-geneous, highly productive, dynamic and sensitive coastal zone. Now in its fourth year as a joint IGBP/IHDP core project, LOICZ has evolved into an interdisciplinary col-laborative effort of several hundred coastal zone scientists and managers within a wide spectrum of Earth System Sciences, from biochemical and geophysical to social and economic dimensions. With its primary objective “to pro-vide the knowledge, understanding and prediction need-ed to allow coastal communities to assess, anticipate and respond to the interaction of global and local pressures which determine coastal change”, LOICZ is an impor-tant promoter of interdisciplinary coastal zone research around the globe. Aiming to overcome traditional disci-plinary fragmentation, LOICZ organizes the biochemical, geophysical and human dimensions of coastal change around five Scientific Themes: Vulnerability of Coastal Systems and Hazards to Society; Implications of Global Change for Coastal Ecosystems and Sustainable Develop-ment; Human Influences on the River Basin Coastal Zone Interactions; Biogeochemical Cycles in Coastal and Shelf; and Towards Coastal System Sustainability by Managing Land-Ocean Interaction.

“2010 was a great year for the Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone project because we launched our new “hotspots” of coastal vul-nerability.”

Prof. Alice Newton, Project Chair


Hosted by Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht,

Centre for materials and Coastal Research,

Institute of Coastal Research, Geesthacht, Germany

Hartwig H. Kremer PhD, Chief executive officer

[email protected]

www.loicz.org

65


Coastal eutrophication, a world-wide growing prob-•lem despite reduction measures in Europe (World Ocean review);Applying LOICZ budget approaches to the relation-•ships between nutrient fluxes, hypoxia and fisheriesDevelopment of an updated LOICZ budget methodol-•ogy for turbid coastal ecosystems and a Net Anthro-pogenic Nutrient Input (NANI) toolbox for the Baltic basin; andCoastal observatories were established to measure im-•portant physical, chemical and biological parameters, ultimately on-line or real time. As part of the COSY-NA project (Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht), major achievements have been made in the measurement of parameters along a ferry line in the North Sea. These investigations are an example of scientific activities carried out in projects affiliated to LOICZ.

Key QueStIon 2011

What are the determining factors of vulnerability and resilience of coastal socio-ecological systems and how can they adequately adapt to global environ-mental change processes?



Several LOICZ SSC Members and IPO staff frequently teach in ERAS-MUS Mundus Master Programs. As part of the program “Water and Coastal Management”, six master stu-dents from six countries worldwide analyzed key scientific questions in LOICZ, namely in its affiliated projects. Other programs focused on “Quality in Analytical Laboratories”, “Ecohydrology”, and “Marine Con-servation and Biodiversity”.


LOICZ SSC members are authors of the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and serve as expert reviewers of the IPCC report “Man-aging the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation.” On behalf of and commissioned by the GKSS (to-day Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Re-search) Institute of Coastal Research, a Storm Surges Congress organized by LOICZ took place in Hamburg, Germany, focusing on the issues of risk and management of current and future storm surges.

Outreach

LOICZ organized a couple of events in 2010, including the “Science City Exhibition”, conducted by LOICZ South Asia Regional Node, Chennai, India. During summer, LOICZ East Asia Regional Node, Yantai, China organized the “Open Science Day” as well as a Summer School.

Formulation of the National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (between Ministry of Environment & Forest and Anna University, Chennai, India).

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Scientific Development

Under the new overarching frame of “Vulnerability and Adaptation to Global Change in the Coastal Zone” new hotspots to be addressed within LOICZ research include: Coastal Urbanization and Megacities; Riv-ermouth systems, incl. estuaries and deltas; islands at risk; and the Arctic coasts.


Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Con-tinental Marginsliu, K.-K.; Atkinson, l.; Quiñones, R. & talaue-mcmanus, l. (eds.) Springer, Berlin.

Integrating and Applying Science: A Practical Handbook for Effective Coastal Ecosystem Assessment.longstaff, B.J.; Carruthers, t.J.B.; Dennison, W.C.; lookingbill, t.R.; Hawkey, J.m.; thomas, J.e.; Wicks, e.C. & Woerner, J.l. (eds.)

IAn Press, Cambridge.

Barriers in the Science-Policy-Prac-tice Interface: Toward a Knowledge-Action-System in Global Environ-mental Change ResearchWeichselgartner, J. & Kasperson, R.e. (2010). Global environmental Change 20 (2): 266-277.

Key eVentS

September 2010

Storm Surge CongressAnalyzing risk and management of current and future storm surges (on behalf the Institute for Coastal Research – GKSS Research Centre, Geesthacht).


Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Project

Today, more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. It is clear that urban areas hold the key to many of the global environmental change (GEC) challenges they now face; the interactions of urban areas with environmen-tal change raise important issues that have only recently started to receive increased attention. The IHDP Urbaniza-tion and Global Environmental Change project (UGEC) seeks to provide a better understanding of the interactions between GEC and urbanization at the local, regional, and global scales. To capture the benefits of urbaniza-tion, mitigate and adapt to negative environmental and socioeconomic impacts, a stronger collaboration between academics, political decision makers and practitioners is needed; the core project on urbanization is a leader in the development of innovative conceptual and methodologi-cal frameworks for this endeavor. UGEC has become a platform for the development of a coordinated network of professionals in this area of research. It facilitates co-oper-ation within and among various world regions with respect to theories, models and methods, state policies and local initiatives related to Urbanization and GEC. As urbaniza-tion represents a topic of special policy relevance in today’s world, the UGEC represents an unrivaled opportunity for addressing critical issues of worldwide importance that have not received adequate attention so far.

“2010 was an important year for UGEC. We had our 1st International UGEC Science and Practice Confer-ence “Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainability in an Urbanizing World.’ The conference was an im-portant step towards strengthening our scientific agenda and expanding our international networks.”

Prof. Roberto Sanchez-Rodriguez, Project Co-Chair


Hosted by the Global Institute of Sustainability at

Arizona State university

michail Fragkias, executive officer

[email protected]

Corrie Griffith, Project Coordinator

[email protected]

www.ugec.org

69


As interest on UGEC related research has grown, par-ticularly on the theme of cities and climate change, the project has moved towards the organization of highly vis-ible synthesis activities, such as holding a special session within the World Urban Forum 5 on the theme of “Urban Responses to Climate Change and Sustainable Urban De-velopment in Latin America”, and the ICLEI “1st World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to Climate Change” by hosting a panel on “Synthesizing Recent Advances in Cross-Regional Knowledge on Urban Responses to Climate Change, A Dialogue”. As the project is now into its second stage, the main focus in 2010 was the organiza-tion of the 1st International Conference on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change. The conference created a space for meetings and discussions between international scholars and practitioners who work at the interface of ur-ban areas and GEC. It proved to be a critical event for the project as it allowed for an assessment and a strengthening of the UGEC community and provided a greater under-standing of how to best move forward strategically. The UGEC 2010 conference was critical for stocktaking and the dissemination of new research to the wider community, influencing the international research agenda in the years to come. Of notable interest during the conference were the “Special Panel on UGEC research and the 2014 IPCC 5th Assessment Report (AR5)”, as well as the networking event “Modeling and Forecasting Urban Land-Use Change: An Earth System Science Perspective” – the first phase of a two-part international workshop that will materialize in April 2011. Important publications that were produced over the year are highlighted in the next pages.

InSIGHt 2010

Through the hosting of the 1st International Confer-ence on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change, UGEC showcased the successful formation of a committed science and practice community, which has ultimately led to greater visibility of the project internationally, and will become a step-ping stone for an increased capacity to strengthen net-works around the globe, and independently from the UGEC IPO.

Key QueStIonS 2011

How can alternative perspectives and agendas for sustainability allow for broader conceptualizations that explicitly include ur-ban areas and urbanization processes? What are the most significant opportu-nities to develop triple-win solutions and strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation and urban development?



The project is continuously develop-ing a network of affiliates who will provide a broader diversity of scien-tific and practical expertise in various disciplines. Currently, there are twelve UGEC associates actively participat-ing in, proposing, or leading UGEC activities, which include: developing regional and thematic research net-works; co-authoring scoping reports and other publications; engaging in outreach and synthesis activities; coordinating and convening panels and workshops; seeking funding for UGEC-related research and activi-ties; reporting on UGEC activities and their own UGEC-related research at international conferences; cultivating partnerships with research and practi-tioner communities and organizations; mentoring young or newly emerging scholars in UGEC-related research; and leading training workshops.


UGEC undertakes a variety of activities including publications, workshops and conference sessions, bringing together policymakers, practitioners, urban planners, and other professionals. 2010 featured the “Urban Responses to Climate Change and Sustainable Urban Development in Latin America” workshop, the “International Confer-ence on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change: Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainability in an Urbanizing World”, and the “IAI-ECLAC Training Institute on Urban Responses to Climate Change: Politics, Strategies and Instruments for Latin America and the Caribbean”. Par-ticipants came from ministries of the environment, municipal and regional governments, universities, research centers, international organizations, development banks and technical cooperation agencies.

Outreach

The project offers communication tools such as listservs, an electronic newsletter and a website to alert researchers to funding opportuni-ties and other benefits of joining the network. The project’s e-newsletter was established in February 2007 and has been circulating bimonthly since. These tools alert scholars and practi-tioners to various opportunities and present the results of their research. In addition, they will promote the goal of a dynamic IPO, ensuring the flow of information among the UGEC SSC, IHDP and its core proj-ects, and the wider global environ-mental change research community.

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The New Geography of Contemporary Urbanization and the EnvironmentSeto K, Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Fragkias m. (2010). Annual Review of environment and Resources, 35, 167-194.

Adapting Urban Areas in Africa to Climate Change: The Case of KampalaShuaib lwasa, (2010). Current opinion in envi-ronmental Sustainability, 2(3), 166-171.

The Impact of Urbanization on Cur-rent and Future Coastal Precipita-tion: A Case Study for HoustonJm Shepherd, m Carter, manyin m, et al. (2010). environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 37(2), 284-304.

Urbanizing the Global Environmental Change and Human Security AgendasSimon, David and Hayley leck. (2010). Cli-mate and Development, 2(3), 263–275. doi: 10.3763/cdev.2010.0051.

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Disaster Risk Reduction in CitiesSolecki W. and R. leichenko, 2011. Current opinion in environmental Sustainability.

Key eVentS

may 28-30, 2010, Bonn, Germany

Synthesizing Recent Advances in Cross-regional Knowledge on Urban Responses to Climate Change, A DialogueAt the ICLEI ‘1st World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to Climate Change’.

1-8 october, 2010, Bogota, Colombia

‘Cities and Regions Faced with Cli-mate Change: Challenges and Instru-ments for Adaptation.’

october 15-17, 2010, tempe, Arizona uSA

International Conference on Urban-ization and Global Environmental Change: Opportunities and Chal-lenges for Sustainability in an Urban-izing World.

october 17, 2010, tempe, Arizona uSA

Modeling and Forecasting Urban Land-Use Change: An Earth System Science PerspectiveA joint parallel workshop with “Urban Remote Sensing: State-of-the-art”.

november 1-6, 2010, Santiago, Chile

Urban Responses to Climate Change: Politics, Strategies and Instruments for Latin America and the CaribbeanIAI-ECLAC Training Institute


Joint Projects

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GCP

Global Carbon Project

A framework for better un-derstanding and manage-ment of the global carbon cycle

GECAFS

Global Environmen-tal Change & Food Systems Project

Improving food security in the face of global environ-mental change

GECHH

Global Environmen-tal Change & Human Health Project

Towards global human health and well-being in a changing environment

GWSP

Global Water System Project

Studying human impact on the global water cycle and options for sustainable water management


Global Carbon Project

The Global Carbon Project (GCP) integrates atmospher-ic, oceanic, terrestrial and human dimension components of the carbon-climate-human system. The project aims to develop a complete picture of the global carbon cycle, including both its biophysical and human dimensions as well as interactions and feedbacks. Some of the high profile activities of GCP are the annual release of Global Carbon Budget updates, the Regional Carbon Cycle As-sessment and Processes (RECCAP), vulnerability of car-bon pools (e.g. permafrost), and the Urban and Regional Carbon Management (URCM). The project has finished its first ten years and is looking forward to the next phase. It has published special issues in two journals in 2010 and a number of high profile papers including its global CO2 budget in “Nature Geoscience”. GCP is emphasizing more regional activity (e.g. RECCAP) in addition to its global work, and has published a brochure summarizing the outcomes of recent activities. Furthermore, the project has outlined an emerging carbon cycle research agenda in the journal “COSUST” as a base for GCP’s evolving research agenda for the next phase.

“It’s been an exciting year for the GCP - CO2 emissions are up for fossil fuel and down for land use change, and lots of papers have been published arguing for and against the response of the CO2 sinks to recent climate change.”

Prof. Corinne Le Quéré, Project Co-chair


Pep Canadell, executive Director

[email protected]

Shobhakar Dhakal, executive Director

[email protected]

www.globalcarbonproject.org

75


A number of major findings emerged from the analysis of the recent trends in the global carbon cycle. In 2009, fossil fuel emissions were the second highest in human history (30.8 billion tons of CO2, just below the 2008 emissions) while the economic downturn of 2009 has translated in a smaller than expected reduction of global fossil fuel emis-sions (only 1.3% of anticipated 2.8%). This was caused by a lower than expected decrease in the Gross Domestic Prod-uct (GDP) and the slower improvement of the carbon in-tensity of the global economy (fossil fuel emissions per unit of GDP). In addition, emerging economies continued their GDP expansion (e.g. +9.1% for China) which pulled up the 2009 global GDP figure. The total decrease (1.3%) hides large regional variations: Japan -11.8%, USA -6.9%, UK -8.6%, Germany -7%, Russia -8.4%, while emerging econo-mies recorded substantial increases in their total emis-sions, China +8%, India +6.2% and South Korea +1.4%. The CO2 emissions from Land Use Change (LUC) have been revised down based on new data released on forest cover and land use by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Reduced tropical deforestation and increased forest regrowth in temperate regions resulted in a real decline in CO2 emissions in the land use change sector.

InSIGHt 2010

GCP has successfully published several high level synthesis products, the annual Global Carbon Budget as well as an article in Nature Geosciences that attracted significant atten-tion from the scientific, policy, and media com-munities. The Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes synthesis is in full progression involv-ing 130 lead authors for all land and ocean regions of the planet.

Key QueStIonS 2011

What are the trends •and patterns of global and regional CO2 and CH4 budgets?How big and vulnerable •are the Earth’s carbon reservoirs?What are potentials •and opportunities for global carbon mitiga-tion to achieve atmo-spheric CO2 stabiliza-tion?



GCP’s RECCAP was instrumental in building capacity for young scien-tists from different world regions by providing an opportunity to work closely in high level syntheses with top scientists in the field. GCP also organized the APN-funded capacity building workshop ‘Carbon Gover-nance in Asia: Bridging Scales and Disciplines’ for Asia-Pacific young researchers through the collabora-tive efforts of GCP, the Earth System Governance Project and UNU-IAS. 15 early-career researchers were se-lected to take part and mentored by senior scholars. The workshop pro-vided a platform for interaction with actual policymakers on approaches towards sound carbon governance and developing low carbon societies in Asia. GCP has been contribut-ing to capacity building by inviting students, post-docs and researchers from developing countries to present and interact in its meetings, work-shops and symposiums. It further maintains a close communication with START and contributes to capacity building activities developed by other partner programs.


GCP’s annual Global Carbon Budget has now clearly become an estab-lished source of data delivered in a format accessible to policy makers and relevant to current debates on the size of the human perturbation and the magnitude of climate change. The data is commonly quoted by policy, governments and UN pro-cesses including the recent UNFCCC COP. GCP has contributed to UN-FCCC’s COP side-events in Cancún on requests from SBSTA and ESSP to communicate with policymakers. In addition, GCP has been organizing a series of science-policy symposiums on urban carbon issues since 2008.

Outreach

GCP published a brochure to dis-seminate the key accomplishments of GCP’s past ten years of activity. Several press releases were pub-lished by GCP on its key activities, such as global carbon budgets and other GCP products. Global carbon budget, in particular, has garnered intense international media interest with major international and national media carrying it. GCP also provides a suit of scientific material on the carbon cycle and its management on its website including power point slides of events organized for the benefit of the broader community, which are heavily downloaded and used. The 2010 media release of the budget hosted on the GCP website attracted a spike of over 10,000 downloads within the first three weeks.

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Interactions of the Carbon Cycle, Human Activity, and the Climate System: A Research PortfolioCanadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Dhakal, S., Dolman, H., Friedlingstein P., Gurney, K.R., Held A., Jackson, R.B., le Quéré, C., malone, e.l., ojima, D.S., Patwardhan, A., Peters, G.P., Raupach, m.R., 2010. Current opinion in environmental Sustainability 2: 301-311. [DoI: 10.1016/j.cosust.2010.08.003].

Update on CO2 EmissionsFriedlingstein, P., Houghton, R.A., marland, G., Hackler, J., Boden, t.A., Conway, t.J., Canadell, J.G., Raupach, m.R., Ciais, P., le Quéré, C., 2010. nature Geoscience 3: 811-812. [doi: 10.1038/ngeo_1022].

An International Carbon Office to Assist Policy-based Sciencele Quéré, C., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Dhakal, S., Patwardhan, A., Raupach, m.R., oran, R., young, o.R., 2010. Current opinion in environ-mental Sustainability 2: 1-4. [doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2010.06.010].

Quantifying and Ranking Vulnerabil-ities in the Carbon-Climate-Human System.Raupach, R.m., Canadell, J.G., Ciais P., Friedlingstein P., Rayner P.J., 2010.tellus (in press).

GEO Carbon StrategyCiais, P., Dolman, A.J., Dargaville, R., Barrie, l., Bombelli, A., Butler, J., Canadell, J., moriyama, t., 2010. Geo Secretariat Geneva/FAo, Rome, 48 pp.

Key eVentS

10-11 march 2011, IIASA, laxenberg, Austria

Workshop on urban energy and car-bon modelingA joint workshop by GCP and IIASA.

1-3 november 2010, yokohama, Japan

Capacity Building Workshop on Carbon Governance in Asia: Bridging Scales and Disciplines

7-9 november 2010,tokyo, Japan

Sessions on urban metabolism, ISIE ConAccount and ISIE Asia/Pacific ConferenceAt the International Society of Indus-trial Ecology.

6-8 September 2010, Worcester College, oxford, uK

2nd Workshop: Carbon from Space

6-8 october 2010, Viterbo, Italy

COCOS-RECCAP, “Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment on Land and Oceans”


Global Environmental Change and Food Systems Project

The ESSP Joint Project “Global Environmental Change and Food Systems” (GECAFS) was launched in 2001 to determine strategies to cope with the impacts of GEC on food systems and to assess the environmental and socioeconomic consequences of adaptive responses aimed at improving food security. In addition to setting a comprehensive, interdisciplinary GEC research agenda on the links between the environment and food security, GECAFS established, from the outset, formal research partnerships with three international organisations con-cerned with GEC, food and agriculture: the Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research (CGIAR); the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); and the UN World Meteorological Organisation (WMO).

“2010 was an important transition year. We published our synthesis volume and worked with stakeholders to develop exciting new initiatives such as a part-nership between Earth System scientists and the international agricultural re-search centers. With the recent increas-es in food prices, 2010 highlighted the importance of work on food systems and environmental change such as the research done by GECAFS.”

Prof. Diana Liverman, Project Chair


Hosted by university of oxford Centre for the envi-

ronment

John Ingram, executive officer

[email protected]

www.gecafs.org

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With GECAFS coming to a close at the end of March 2011, the project’s science highlight in 2010 was the preparation of its synthesis.

InSIGHt 2010

The most important result for GECAFS has been the publication of the GECAFS Synthesis “Food Security and Global Environmental Change” by John Ingram, Polly Ericksen & Diana Liverman (eds.), Earth-scan, 2010.

Key QueStIon 2011

How can food systems be adapted to global environ-mental change to enhance food security while mini-mizing negative environ-mental impacts?



The project has organized CCAFS (CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security) Scenarios Workshops for East Africa, West Africa and the Indo-Gangetic Plains and joint workshops with the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) in preparation for a joint activ-ity in 2011.


There has been ongoing interaction with many policymakers in the UK, Europe and internationally on food system developments and on CCAFS scenarios activities. In addition, the project has prepared a UNEP/UNES-CO/SCOPE Science Policy Brief #12 on the issues of “Global Environmen-tal Change and Food Security”.

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Food Security and Global Environ-mental Change. edited by John Ingram, Polly ericksen and Diana liverman. earthscan. 2010.

Food Access in a Changing ClimateDefra, london. 2010.White, R., Stewart, B., o’neill, P.

Global Environmental Change and Food SecurityuneSCo-SCoPe-uneP Policy Brief Series - no. 12. october 2010, J.S.I. Ingram.

Adapting to Climate Change to Sus-tain Food SecurityWiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 2010. Ziervogel, G. and P. ericksen.

Key eVentS

April 2010

Future of FoodHigh level seminar in London with finance and retail sectors.

may 2010

CCAFS ScenariosLaunch of the CCAFS scenarios activity.

September 2010

Foods Systems and Planetary Bound-ariesBalaton Group workshop.

october 2010

GECAFS IAI planning Planning workshop for GECAFS-style project in the Rio Plata basin.


Global Environmental Change and Human Health Project

Global Environmental Change and Human Health (GECHH) is the fourth joint project within the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). It is being developed as a logical complement to the three ongoing ESSP proj-ects. Those three projects address the global carbon cycle (Global Carbon Project, GCP), the global water system (Global Water System Project, GWSP), and food systems (Global Environmental Change and Food Systems, GE-CAFS). Changes in each of those three systems influence, via diverse pathways, human wellbeing and health. The GECHH Project has identified a set of key types of global environmental changes that are known or suspected to have significant consequences for human health. The evolving Science Plan explores priorities and settings for the future coordinated international study of these rela-tionships, taking into account the complexities of concur-rently acting environmental changes and the importance of socioeconomic and cultural contexts as modifiers of human vulnerability.

“In 2010, GECHH opened its Inter-national Project Office at the United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-IN-WEH) in Canada, organized its first Symposium “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protect-ing Water Quality”, and participated in science–policy processes on the water–health nexus.”Dr. Lucilla Spini, Executive Officer


Hosted by united nations university

Institute for Water, environment and Health

(unu-InWeH)

Dr. lucilla Spini, executive officer

[email protected]

www.gechh.unu.edu

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In 2010, GECHH scientific activities included convening, in partnership with United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), the GECHH 2010 Symposium “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protecting Water Qual-ity” - the inaugural symposium of a series which aims at catalyzing dialogue across different disciplines and countries, optimizing research efforts on global environ-mental change and human health, and translating key research outcomes into policies and interventions. The symposium’s follow-up activities – including a COSUST Section (December 2011) dedicated to the water/health nexus from a global change perspective – are shaping further scientific activities and creating new research net-works. It is also important to highlight the work related to the development of the IHDP Update Issue dedicated to “Global Environmental Change and Human Health”, as well as GECHH participation in international conferences and meetings, such as in the Global Catchment Initiative 2010 Conference “The Global Dimensions of Change in River Basins - Threats, Linkages and Adaptation”, orga-nized by the GWSP Joint Project.

InSIGHt 2010

In 2010, GECHH focused on the impacts of GEC on human health through wa-ter quality, as reflected by the GECHH 2010 Sympo-sium, in partnership with UNU-INWEH, “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Pro-tecting Water Quality”.

Key QueStIon 2011

In 2011, GECHH will concentrate on the impacts of GEC on human health within the framework of forest ecosystem goods and services, also within the framework of the In-ternational Year of Forests.



GECHH places particular importance on the implementation of training and capacity-building activities, especially targeted to young scientists in devel-oping countries, with the ultimate long-term goal of generating a critical mass of professionals, who are able to develop research on the health impacts of GEC. In this context, GECHH was co-sponsor of the 2nd International Student Training Workshop on Health and Environmental Change, hosted by the Institute of Geographic Sci-ences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In order to provide additional capacity build-ing opportunitto the host country, GECHH opened its 2010 Symposium to selected graduate students from nearby McMaster University’s Depart-ment of Geography and the UNU-INWEH/McMaster “Water Without Borders” programme.


In 2010, the project developed the GECHH Summary for Policymakers and has contributed to ESSP coordi-nated inputs to the UNFCCC/SBSTA sessions. Furthermore, GECHH has established dialogues with the fol-lowing science/policy fora:

UN-Water, through UNU-IN-•WEH (currently Chair of UN-Water). the Ramsar Convention on Wet-•lands: GECHH/UNU-INWEH linkages with the STRP Thematic Area “Wetlands and Human Health”.UNECE/WHO (EURO) Protocol •on Water and Health: side-event and official statement at MOP-2 (November 2010), and linkages with relevant Tasks Forces (e.g., Task Force on Extreme Weather Events).

Outreach

In its first year of implementation, GECHH has placed particular at-tention on outreach and awareness-raising activities. In particular, to the development and launch of the GECHH website including the GECHH News Note and a Summary for Policymakers, and the finalization of awareness-raising material, includ-ing a GECHH brochure developed in cooperation with IHDP. A series of presentations were delivered at international conferences, universi-ties, and/or science/policy fora.Website: http://www.gechh.unu.eduBrochure: http://www.gechh.unu.edu/GECHH_Brochure_web.pdfPresentation: http://www.gechh.unu.edu/index.html

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SeleCteD PuBlICAtIon

IHDP Update: Human Health and Global Environmental ChangeQuestions about the links between global change, human health, and the environment have become critical to the well-being of humankind. It has become increasingly apparent that the IHDP community has a key role to play in addressing health as a cross-cutting issue. Edited by Thom-as Krafft, Mark Rosenberg, Gabriela Litre and Lucilla Spini, this Update brings together contributions from GECHH project researchers and the wider IHDP community.International Human Dimensions Programme on Global environmental Change (IHDP) 2011. Human Health and Global environmental Change. IHDP update, Issue 1. IHDP Secre-tariat: Bonn, Germany.

Key eVentS

31 oct – 2 nov 2010, Hamilton, Canada

GECHH 2010 Symposium in part-nership with UNU-INWEH “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protecting Water Quality”The Symposium gathered experts in the human-health/water nexus to discuss state-of-the-science knowl-edge, and to identify gaps in the research landscape.

10-16 oct 2010, Beijing, China

Student Training Workshop on Health and Environmental Change in the Beijing-Tianjin Mega City AreaHosted by the Institute of Geograph-ic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sci-ences.

24 nov 2010, Bucharest, Romania

The Science-Policy Bridge for a Changing Climate: Water, Health, Diseases A side event, jointly organized by GECHH and UNU-INWEH at the Second Session of the Meeting of the Parties (MOP-2) to the Protocol on Water and Health, as a knowledge-sharing opportunity to inform Parties on current policy-relevant research on the impact of climate change on water-related diseases and to foster bridges between the research and the policy communities.


Global Water System Project

The ESSP joint Global Water System Project (GWSP) was launched in 2004 to foster understanding of how human actions are changing the global water system and what environmental and socio-economic feedbacks arise from the anthropogenic changes in the global water system. This includes a strong interest in the resilience and vul-nerability of patterns of human use of freshwater and in the role of governance systems in managing the resultant activities in a manner that enhances resilience even in the face of occurrences like substantial inter-annual variabil-ity in flows of water resources. The core programme of GWSP is formulated and implemented in three integra-tive study areas (ISA): the Global Scale, the Global Catch-ment and the Global Water Needs initiatives. The project addresses Global Water Governance, indicator develop-ment and integrated issues like water and migration. It aims at collaborative activities with other joint ESSP projects like GECHH. Research and scientific activities and events are targeted towards the production of scien-tifically outstanding and highly policy-relevant results.

“Good and effective water gover-nance is the key to a sustainable management of the Earth’s water resources. Getting there will still re-quire major efforts from the science and policy communities.”Dr. Claudia Pahl-Wostl, GWSP Chair


Hosted by the university of Bonn

Prof. Dr. Janos Bogardi, executive officer

[email protected]; [email protected]

www.gwsp.org

87


The Global Catchment Initiative was one of the most ac-tive components during 2010, concluding the first phase of a questionnaire-based assessment of global change impacts and connectivity of large river basins. Within this integrated study area, a three-day workshop was held in the beginning of the year, titled “Global Aspects of Water Research and Management in Large River Basins”, attend-ed by 25 experts. In addition, the international confer-ence “The Global Dimensions of Change in River Basins: Threats, Linkages and Adaptation”, held in December, was attended by 120 participants.

During the observation of World Water Day 2010, “Clean Water for a Healthy World”, at the headquarters of the United Nations Environment Programme in Nairobi, GWSP co-organized a Science Panel attended by 400 people, participated in a training workshop of journalists (80 participants) and issued a Scientific Communiqué on Water Quality Challenges and Responses.

In September, the journal “Nature” published as its cover story the paper “Global threat to human water se-curity and river biodiversity” authored by GWSP co-chair Charles Vörösmarty et al. – a joint GWSP-DIVERSITAS endeavor, resulting in a publicity echo that exceeded 200 citations in print, voice and electronic media.

A further highlight was a workshop organized by the Global Water Governance initiative on “Global water governance and the UN system” that took place in Bonn in October. The workshop initiated the preparation of articles for a special issue of the journal “Ecology and Society”.

InSIGHt 2010

Contrary to the principles, practice and beliefs en-capsulated in “Integrated Water Resources Man-agement” (IWRM), river basins are not always the most appropriate refer-ence area for sustainable resource management due to global scale connectiv-ity between river basins and the strong influence of economic space and politi-cal jurisdictions on water use and governance. The “Nature” article revealed the serious threat on river biodiversity due to the significant technological interventions implemented in developed countries in their efforts to improve human water security.

Key QueStIon 2011

The role of water within global environmental change should be ex-plored not only within the water sector; it should also consider water and the hydrological cycle as crucial components of many economic sectors and environmental processes. How can the scope of global water research be extended to strengthen the incorpora-tion of water quality aspects into integrated concepts?



GWSP scientists and the IPO are very active and often invited to pres-ent lectures to graduate students, as well as to the interested public, on topics related to, and results gener-ated by, the project. In 2010, the IPO alone organized or was invited to a dozen of these events. Alto-gether, these presentations attracted about 500 people. GWSP results are quickly finding their way into gradu-ate curricula in universities, where scientists associated with GWSP teach. Highlight events included an interdisciplinary graduate lecture at RWTH Aachen University, on “Sus-tainability of Present Water Use Pat-terns: Future in a Changing World” and an orientation presentation for local and international journalists, given during the UN World Water Day in March.


With regard to its science-policy interaction, GWSP was actively involved in a project led by the University of Osnabrück to identify future trends and research needs in water management. Also, the IPO of GWSP took part in the preparation of the German national “Water Science Horizon” conference and participated in the compilation of the Water Sci-ence Alliance White Paper, aiming to redefine the water research priorities for the coming decade. The donor ministries use the conference and its outcome document to focus their funding policies accordingly. More-over, there was active involvement in the ICSU-ISSC-led visioning process yielding the “Earth System Science for Global Sustainability: The Grand Challenges”. GWSP contributions were sent to the ESSP presentations in Cancún’s UNFCCC COP side event.

Outreach

Following the publication of the article “Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity” in “Nature”, DIVERSITAS, ESSP and GWSP jointly orchestrated a media campaign including a press release, notification of news agencies, and organizing interviews, yielding more than two hundred press citations, radio, television and web news. The project’s IPO was invited to hold a keynote lecture at the opening of the water lecture series organized jointly by the Catholic Academy of the Diocese Dresden-Meissen and the University of Technology in Dresden, Germany. Together with its partner institutions UNU-EHS, University of Bonn ZEF and the UN Water Decade Programme on Capacity Develop-ment, organizes regular public lectures on water in Bonn.

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Global Threats to Human Water Security and River Biodiversity C.J. Vörösmarty, P.B. mcIntyre, m.o. Gessner, D. Dudgeon, A. Prusevich, P.Green, S. Glidden, S.e. Bunn, C.A. Sullivan, C. Reidy liermann, P. m. Davies

nature, Vol 467: 555-561

Reconstructing 20th Century Global Hydrography: A Contribution to the Global Terrestrial Network- Hydrol-ogy (GTN-H)Wisser, D; Fekete, Bm; Vorosmarty, CJ; Schu-mann, AH

Hydrology and earth System Sciences, 14 (1): 1-24 2010

Future Change of Climate in South America in the Late Twenty-first Century: Intercomparison of Sce-narios from Three Regional Climate Modelsmarengo, JA; Ambrizzi, t; da Rocha, RP; Alves, lm; Cuadra, SV; Valverde, mC; torres, RR; Santos, DC ; Ferraz, Set Climate Dynamics, 35 (6)1089-1113 nov 2010

Applying the Input-Output Method to Account for Water Footprint and Virtual Water Trade in the Haihe River Basin in ChinaZhao, X; yang, H; yang, ZF; Chen, B; Qin, y; environmental Science & technology, 44 (23): 9150-9156 Dec 1 2010

Special Issue “Comparative Analyses of River Basin Governance” 10:4. Pahl-Wostl, C; Ross, A. Regional environmen-tal Change 10:4.

Key eVentS

march 2010

All about water-qualityPanel discussion, moderated by GWSP IPO and press presentation.

Bonn, Germany, June 2010

New Worlds of WaterInvited lecture by Margaret Catley-Carlson, member of the UNSGAB on Water in the monthly water lecture series.

Dresden, Germany, october 2010

A global resource with global chal-lenges: water in focus of the United NationsOpening keynote lecture of the lec-ture Series on Water.

Bonn, Germany, February 2010

Greening the Global Water CycleInvited lecture by Holger Hoff, PIK & SEI In the monthly water lecture series.


Project Initiative

KLSC

Knowledge Learning & Societal Change Initiative

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Knowledge, Learning and Societal Change Initiative

The Knowledge, Learning, and Societal Change Initiative: Finding Paths To A Sustainable Future (KLSC) project of IHDP aims to better understand and explain the interplay between actions, knowledge, and learning, so that steps can be taken to help societies move in more sustainable directions. The mission of the KLSC project is to con-tribute toward building a sustainable future by identify-ing, understanding, and enabling the effective use of the mechanisms and levers of behavioral and societal change and adaptation that are linked with knowledge produc-tion and learning processes. This will be achieved through the combined efforts of a collaborative community of researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders working at multiple temporal and spatial scales. The project will focus on the issues of addressing climate change, stem-ming biodiversity loss, and increasing equity in resource allocation.

PRoJeCt StAtuS

In Bonn in September 2010, a draft science plan was presented to the scientific committee (SC) and discussed. The SC endorsed the idea that KLSC be considered a core project with a cross-cut-ting perspective. During the fall of 2010, the science plan was revised in light of the many helpful com-ments from the SC. A new draft science plan has been submitted to the IHDP Secretariat for external review.

SCIentIFIC PlAnnInG

CommIttee

Ilan Chabay, Co-chair•Miranda Schreurs, •Co-chairAriane Berthoin Antal•Kevin Collins•Peter M. Haas•Anand Patwardhan•Bernd Siebenhüner•Falk Schmidt•Josee van Eijndhoven•Jin Wang•


National Contact Points

BangladeshBelarusCameroonCanadaChileCosta RicaCzech RepublicEcuadorGeorgiaGhana

Global Network

National Committees

ArgentinaBoliviaBulgariaChinaJapanKenyaMexicoNepalNigeriaRussia

SpainSwitzerlandIHDP National Committee: The Academy of Sci-ences located in Taipei United KingdomUSA

GuatemalaIndiaIndonesiaItalyMalaysiaPortugalRepublic of South AfricaSlovakiaTanzania

Global Change Committees

AustriaBotswanaBrazilD.R. CongoFinlandFranceGermany

NetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayRomaniaThailandVietnam

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National Committees

When working on a global scale, it is important to incorporate local and regional needs and perspectives. IHDP has set up a global network of national committees, con-tact points, and global change committees to cover these needs. These entities are organised groups of researchers acting as focal points for IHDP within their respective countries. Most are in developing countries, bridging the North-South divide. They raise the visibility and capacity of the human dimensions research community and incorporate funding agen-cies, NGOs and decision-making communities into our activities. They set research priorities and foci, establish links to our projects, and contribute to the regional and global body of knowledge and research on these issues. Members provide the substantial contributions needed to complete IHDP’s global research agenda.


Sponsored Research Networks & Strategic Partners

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MRI

Mountain Research Institute

Fostering research on global changes in mountain regions

PERN

Population Envi-ronment Research Network

Advancing research on population and the en-vironment by promoting online scientific exchange

START

The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research &Training

Enhancing scientific capac-ity for global change in developing countries


Mountain Research Initiative

Mountain regions occupy about one fourth of the Earth’s surface and provide goods and services to about half of humanity. However, the future ability of mountain regions to provide goods and services to both highland and lowland residents is seriously threatened by cli-matic changes, environmental pollution, unsustainable management of natural resources, and serious gaps in understanding of mountain systems. Disciplinary, inter-disciplinary, and transdisciplinary research is required to maintain these goods and services in the face of these forces. The global mountain research community, however, has historically operated at a suboptimal level because of insufficient communication across geographic and linguistic barriers, less than desirable coordination of research frameworks, and a lack of funding. To overcome these constraints, the Mountain Research Initiative (MRI) was implemented, aiming to detect signals of global envi-ronmental change in mountain environments, to define the consequences of global environmental change for mountain regions as well as lowland systems dependent on mountain resources (highland-lowland interactions), and to make proposals towards sustainable land, water and resource management for mountain regions at local to regional scales.


Hosted by Institute of Geography,

university of Bern

Dr. Gregory B. Greenwood, executive Director

[email protected]

http://mri.scnatweb.ch

97


With the Centre for Mountain Studies, Perth College, Scotland, MRI organized the Perth 2010 conference on Global Change and the World’s Mountains . This confer-ence, held in Perth Scotland from 26 to 30 September 2010, is the major scientific conference for global change in mountain regions research community. This edition of the conference attracted nearly 500 participants, almost double the number who participated in the first Perth Conference in 2005, Mountain Regions. The confer-ence will publish approximately 400 extended abstracts, and, unlike other meetings such as the AGU, includes a participatory process for highlighting emerging research trends.

MRI continued its growing collaboration with the Third Pole Environment project of the Chinese Acad-emy of Science. MRI co-authored a report to EOS on the first workshop and submitted a presentation for the second meeting scheduled from 26-28 October 2010 in Kathmandu. MRI recorded presentations from two major conferences, the Second International Workshop on Energy and Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and High Elevations, and the Fourth International Workshop on Catchment-Scale Hydrological Monitoring and Data Assimilation held in Lhasa, Tibet China from 19 to 23 July 2010. Finally MRI drafted a proposal to the Chinese Academy of Science to create an interdisciplinary ap-proach to Third Pole research, which was approved and began in October 2010.

Key QueStIon 2011

Key questions focused on: mountains in the context of the Rio+20 conference and the on-going UNFC-CC COPs; mountain eco-system services; coupled human-earth systems; urbanization; the impacts of changes in mountain cryosphere; changes in mountain climates; and armed violence in moun-tains.

InSIGHt 2010

The main themes emerg-ing from the “Global Change and the World’s Mountains” conference, that hosted 450 research-ers from 60 countries, were long-term monitor-ing of the environment, nature and role of eco-system services provided by mountains, the role of human agency in shaping mountain environments, and the need for better communication within the discussion on sustainable mountain development.

m r imountain research initiative



MRI organizes Key Contact Work-shops to coincide with major scien-tific meetings to allow for exchange among researchers on the issue of global change in mountain regions. In 2010, two Key Contacts Work-shops were held, one in Vienna, Austria and one in Berkley, USA.


MRI collaborated with the Intera-cademic Commission on Alpine Re-search (ICAS) and several departments of the Swiss federal administration on a conference on Swiss participation in global mountain research. The confer-ence, held in June, was successful and attracted over 70 participants from state secretariats and offices, NGOs, universities, and local authorities.

Furthermore, MRI participated in the reform of the Mountain Part-nership and the Mountain Forum, led by the Italian and Swiss govern-ments, through participating in meetings in Interlaken and Rome, as well as by drafting language on stra-tegic direction in May and June 2010. This process is currently aiming at the UNCED Rio+20 Conference in May 2012 and on-going COPS of the UNFCCC, UNCBD and UNCD.

Outreach

In 2010, MRI began its work on Mountain Sustainable Develop-ment – “Transforming Research Into Practice” (mountain.TRIP), the EU Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) Support Project. MRI had been the initiator of the project and is now part of a consortium of six European partners, namely the Institute for Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Euromontana (Brussels), Ecologic (Berlin and Brus-sels), the Centre for Mountain Studies (CMS) at Perth College (Perth, UK), and Jagiellonian University (Krakow). The goal of mountain.TRIP is to render EU-funded mountain relevant research results available to practi-tioners in forms that they can easily access and use. MRI is responsible for work package 6 (WP6), Product De-velopment, but has also contributed to the work packages 1-4.

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Special Issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences: Climate Change and Water Resources Management in Mountains

Sustainability of Water Resources Management in the Indus Basin under Changing Climatic and Socio-Economic ConditionsArcher, D.R., n. Forsythe, H. J. Fowler, and S. m. Shah 2010. earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1669-1680/doi 10.5194/hess 14-1669-2010

Uncertainties in Climate Change Pro-jections and Regional Downscaling in the Tropical Andes: Implications for Water Resources ManagementBuytaert, W., m. Vuille, A. Dewulf, R. urrutia, A. Karmalkar, and R. Célleri 2010. Hydrol. earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1247-1258, 2010. doi:10.5194/hess-14-1247-2010.

The Relevance of Glacier Melt in the Water Cycle of the Alps: An Example from AustriaKoboltschnig, G.R. and W. Schöner. (in review).

Assessing Water Resources Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change Impacts in the Pacific Northwest Region of North AmericaHamlet, A.F. (in review). Hydrol. earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 7, 4437-4471, 2010. doi:10.5194/hessd-7-4437-2010

Water Resources Change in Re-sponse to Climate Change in Changjiang River BasinHuang, y., W. F. yang, and l. Chen. (in review). Hydrol. earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 7, 3159-3188, 2010. doi:10.5194/hessd-7-3159-2010.

Impact of Climate Evolution and Land Use Changes on Water Yield in the Ebro Basinlópez-moreno, J.I., S.m. Vicente-Serrano, e. morán-tejeda, J. Zabalza, J. lorenzo-lacruz, and J.m. García-Ruiz. (in review).

Special Issue of Food Security: Key Drivers of Food Security in Moun-tains

Climate Change and Mountain Wa-ter Resources: Overview and Recom-mendations for Research, Manage-ment and Politics.Viviroli, D. R. Archer, W. Buytaert, H. J. Fowler, G. B. Greenwood, A. F. Hamlet, y. Huang, G. Koboltschnig, m. I. litaor, J. I. lópez-moreno, S. lorentz, B. Schädler, K. Schwaiger, m. Vuille, and R. Woods. (in review).

Science Networks for Global Change in Mountain Regions: The Mountain Research InitiativeBjörnsen Gurung, A. 2010. In: Georgi Zhelezov (ed.), Sustainable Development in mountain Regions: Southeastern europe. Springer, Dor-drecht. (forthcoming).

Alpine Knowledge Gardening: Research Network for the Advance-ment of Science and DevelopmentBjörnsen Gurung, A. 2010. In: Borsdorf, A., G. Grabherr, K. Heinrich, B. Scott and J. Stötter (eds.): Challenges for mountain Regions – tackling Complexity. Vienna: Böhlau.


Population-Environment Research Network

The Population-Environment Research Network (PERN) is an academic network that seeks to advance research on population and the environment by promoting scientific exchange among researchers from social and natural science disciplines worldwide. Launched in 2001, it is a joint initiative of the IHDP and the International Union for Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP). PERN’s main objective is to contribute to sustainable development by improving dialogue and facilitating communication between stakeholders in the area of population-environ-ment interactions.

It accomplishes this objective hosting cyber semi-nars on important topics and by consolidating the grow-ing and diverse body of research on population-environ-ment interactions in an online electronic library. Through its website, PERN also strengthens the community of population-environment experts, which is spread across many different disciplines, and communicates in diverse circles. The main target audience is academic researchers, but experts at international agencies, NGOs, advocacy organizations, governmental agencies, and private firms are also involved in PERN activities.

“2010 was a great year for PERN be-cause we reached over 1500 active members, and the activities orga-nized by PERN’s professional staff were a great success. In addition, the scientific journal Population and Environment published a special issue in December including con-tributions of distinguished scholars, co-edited by Susana Adamo and myself.”

Dr. Haydea Izazola, Network Chair

netWoRK CooRDInAtoRS:

Dr. Susana Adamo,

[email protected]

mr. Alex de Sherbinin

[email protected]

http://www.populationenvironmentresearch.org

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SCIentIFIC DeVeloPment

PERN has periodic Steering Com-mittee (SC) electronic meetings dur-ing which plans for the coming year are set. The latest meeting took place in January 2011. There is no strate-gic plan, per se, but the SC provides guidance on areas that are of current interest to the larger research com-munity.


PERN is planning to submit a paper based on the results of the February 2009 cyber seminar on “Theoretical and Methodological Issues in the Analysis of Population Dy-namics and the Environment“ to a major journal.


PERN has conducted periodic seminars in data integra-tion using geographic information systems, and is able to organize them on request.

Outreach

PERN generally brings fliers to conferences such as the IHDP Open Meeting, the IUSSP International Population Conferences, and the Population Association of Ameri-can Annual Meetings.



Urban Population-De-velopment-Environment Dynamics in the Develop-ing World de Sherbinin, A., A. Rahman, A. Barbieri, J.C. Fotso, and y. Zhu (eds.), 2009. CICReD, Paris France

Human Migration and the EnvironmentAdamo, S.B., H. Izazola, Popula-tion & Environment, Volume 32, numbers 2-3 / December 2010, doi:10.1007/s11111-010-0130-0

InSIGHt 2010

In May 2010 PERN organized a cyber seminar entitled “What are the remote sensing data needs of the population-environment research community?” Which was co-sponsored by the NASA Socioeco-nomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC), which supports the PERN website, and the Group on Earth Ob-servations (GEO). The cyber seminar helped demonstrate the many and varied applications of satellite remote sensing to population-environment research questions, ranging from land-use and land-cover change to urbanization and environmental health. It also highlighted the need for social scientists to have a place at the table when designing new remote sensing instruments.

Key QueStIon 2011

The PERN coordinators and several members are examining the issue of displacement and resettlement from direct climate impacts and major adaptation and mitigation projects in response to climate change (e.g. dams, water transfer schemes, coast-al defenses, biofuel plantations, etc.). A Bellagio Conference on this topic was held in November 2010, and it is expected that a cyber seminar will take place in 2011. The question relates to what can be learned from past resettlement research that can be applied to potential future dis-placement and resettlement related to climate change.

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The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training, START

The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training, START, a strategic partner of the IHDP, advanc-es knowledge on global environmental change in Africa, Asia and Oceania through promoting multidisciplinary research and assessments, global environmental change education, and communication of knowledge between science, policy, and practice. START builds capacity of both individuals and institutions through activities that include research grants and fellowships, curricula devel-opment, advanced training institutes, multi-stakeholder dialogues, knowledge assessment and synthesis, and place-based strategic planning to promote education and research. Through its projects and programs, START promotes the development and strengthening of research networks that operate within and across regions. START engages early- and mid-career scientists from developing countries and national/regional institutions in integrated, multidisciplinary research and assessments on issues of sustainable development related to the drivers of and responses to climate variability and change, disaster risk reduction, land-use/land-cover change, biodiversity conservation, urban development, human health, water resources management, agriculture and food security and regional climate modeling and climate services.

InteRnAtIonAl StARt SeCRetARIAt

Dr. Hassan Virji, executive Director

[email protected]

www.start.org

INTERNATIONAL

SECRETARIAT

S T A R T



Highlights from ongoing START initiatives include:The African Climate Change Fellowship Program •(ACCFP), which offers opportunities for experiential learning, education, research and training to African professionals, researchers, educators and graduate students. A total of 44 Fellows graduated from the first round of the program in December 2010. Biodiversity Conservation in a Changing Climate• , an advanced education and training program targeted to biodiversity and conservation professionals in the Albertine Rift countries of East AfricaCollaboration with the Asia-Pacific Network for Global •Change Research (APN), under which the International START Secretariat administered US-support for 17 APN research and capacity building projects during 2009/2010.Grants for GEC Research in Africa Program• , under which 17 grants were awarded to teams of scientists from 13 African countries for work to be carried out in 2010. An additional 4 grants were awarded in late 2010 to support inter-disciplinary collaborative research. CORDEX-Africa• , a partnership with WCRP, the Climate Systems Analysis Group at the University of Cape Town, the International Center for Theoretical Physics and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute that aims to train a core group of African experts on analysis and interpretation of results from the Coordinated Re-gional climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX)Contributions to the Group on Earth Observations •(GEO), including development of regional networks in developing countries to increase capacity to use earth observation data for regional and national needs.


“Global Environmental Changes in South Asia: A Regional Perspective” edited by (late) A. P. mitra and C. Sharma (2010), 356 pages.

START: the global change SysTem for Analysis, Re-search & TrainingBrochure for CoP/unFCCC

Communicating Climate Risks: Insights Gained through the ACCCA ProjectBrochure for CoP/unFCCC

Cities At Risk: Develop-ing Adaptive Capacity for Climate Change in Asia’s Coastal MegacitiesBrochure for CoP/unFCC

Capacity Building for Bio-diversity Conservation in the Albertine RiftBrochure for CoP/unFCCC

Building Shared Under-standing and Capacity for Action: Insights on Cli-mate Risk Communication from the ACCCA ProjectClimate and Development, under review

All brochures, as well as a number of other START publications, are available on the START website at www.start.org.

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START acknowledges the criti-cal importance of promoting GEC research and education as well as improved communication between communities of research, policy and practice. START, in partnership with the East-West Center and Ibaraki University, initiated the Cities at Risk program in 2009 that focuses on developing urban adaptive capacities and integrating science and policy in managing climate risks in Asia’s coastal megacities. In August 2010, the SEA-START Regional Research Center, in partnership with the International START Secretariat and the East West and with support from APN, hosted an intensive training session on “Climate Change Vulner-ability Assessment and Urban Devel-opment Planning for Asian Coastal Cities.” This effort consolidated five city-based cohorts (Bangkok, Jakarta,

Ho Chi Minh, Manila, and Mumbai)of academia, civil society and city administration representatives into collaborating teams that subsequent-ly designed and/or implemented risk and vulnerability assessments for their respective cities.

In addition, START is col-laborating with multiple partners to implement the Integrating Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Development Planning (CCMAP), a project to raise awareness among de-cision-makers in developing countries of the implications of climate change adaptation and mitigation issues for national policy, boost capability for research on vulnerability, climate change impacts and adaptation op-tions in the context of developing-country priorities, and disseminate knowledge on climate change to a broad range of stakeholders.

During 2010, START, in cooperation with its partners at the University of Dar es Salaam, University of Ghana and the Bangladesh Centre for Ad-vanced Studies, conducted science-policy dialogues in Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, Bangladesh, Senegal, Nepal, Bhutan, Rwanda and Burundi. Rec-ommendations from the national dia-logues have informed the design and development of regional assessments (to be carried out in 2011/2012) that seek to understand the current and changing role and relative importance of urban/peri-urban agriculture to urban food security. A major outcome of this continuing effort is enhanced capability in participating countries to engage in future international activi-ties and dialogues, including those related to IPCC and UNFCCC.Additional information about these and other

START initiatives is available at www.start.org.


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Budget and Finances

IHDP’s global research is driven by its core and joint projects and supported by the IHDP Sec-retariat. Together, the network accounted for a revenue income of 7.1 million USD, excluding IHDP’s annual contributions. The IHDP Secre-tariat recorded a core income of 1.05 million USD.

InCome 2010

NSF 20.17%

UNEP 9.50%

Packard Foundation 8.93%

APN 1.19%Other Sources 3.08%UNU (in-kind) 4.56% BMBF

32.45%

National Contributions

20.11%

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Income 2010 USD

BMBF $341,518

National Contributions $211,583

NSF $212,275

UNEP $100,000

Packard Foundation $94,000

APN $12,506

Other Sources $32,437

UNU (in-kind) $48,000

TOTAL $1,052,319

Donors and Partners 2010

Ministry for Education and Research, Germany•National Science Foundation, USA•Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la •Recherche, FranceMinistry of Science and Innovation, Spain•Royal Academy of Arts & Sciences, The Nether-•lands Chinese National Committee for the International •Human Dimensions Programme, China (Beijing) The Research Council of Norway, Norway•Federal Ministry of Science and Research, Austria •Delegation of the Finnish Academies of Science •and Letters, Finland ICSU Regional Office for Africa, South Africa•The Swedish Secretariat for Environmental Earth •System Sciences, SwedenUnited Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)•David and Lucile Packard Foundation•Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research •(APN)“Schweizerische Akademie der Geistes- und Soz-•ialwissenschaften, Switzerland”Academia Sinica, Taipei•International Social Science Council, (ISSC), •UNESCO, FranceInternational Council of Science (ICSU), France•United Nations University, Vice-Rectorate in Eu-•rope, Germany


Project Funding

Significant funding for IHDP’s proj-ects in 2010 included, among others, contributions from host and other research/national institutions, as well as members of the Earth System Sci-ence Partnership (ESSP). Combined core, joint and initiative project funding was estimated at 6.05 million USD, excluding incomes received from IHDP.

Expenses 2010 USD

Science Management and Research

Academic and Project Staff $340,936

Grants to IHDP Core and Joint Projects $96,665

New Scientific Projects and Initiatives $92,573

Meetings, Conferences and Strategic Travel $61,370

$591,544

Communications, Publications, and Outreach

Communications Staff $44,376

Publications and Other Communication Tools $5,777

$50,153

Management and Programme Support

Management and Programme Support Staff $192,720

General Office Costs $9,109

UN Campus Facilities (incl. UNU in-kind) $108,575

$310,404

TOTAL $952,101

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Main Project Donors (excluding annual IHDP contributions)

IHDP CoRe PRoJeCtS

ESG: National Science Foundation •(NSF) (through UNU-IHDP)Colorado State University•VU University Amsterdam - IVM•University of Oldenburg•

GECHS: The Research Council of Norway•

GLP: University of Copenhagen•International Geosphere–Bio-•sphere Programme (IGBP)

IRG-Project: Beijing Normal University•Ministry of Science and Technol-•ogy (MOST), China National Natural Science Founda-•tion of China, China Potsdam Institute for Climate •Impact Research (PIK),GermanyEuropean Climate Forum (ECF), •GermanyGSDP Project, Europe•

IT: Institute for Environmental Stud-•ies (IVM), VU University Amster-dam (in-kind)

LOICZ:Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht •GmbH (HZG) International Geosphere–Bio-•sphere Programme (IGBP)

UGEC:Arizona State University•National Science Foundation (NSF)•National Aeronautics and Space •Administration (NASA)National Oceanic and Atmo-•spheric Association (NOAA)

eSSP JoInt PRoJeCtS

GCP:Department of Climate Change •and Energy Efficiency, Australian GovernmentThe Commonwealth Scientific •and Industrial Research Organi-sation (CSIRO) (overhead)Center for Global Environmental •Research (CGER/NIES)Global Environmental Research •Fund of Ministry of the Environ-ment, Government of JapanAsia-Pacific Network for Global •Change Research (APN)

GECAFS:Natural Environment Research •Council (NERC)International Geosphere–Bio-•sphere Programme (IGBP)

GECHH:Canadian Institutes of Health •Research (CIHR)DIVERSITAS•Earth System Science Partnership •(ESSP)International Geosphere–Bio-•sphere Programme (IGBP)School of Graduate Studies, •McMaster UniversityUNU-INWEH•Faculty of Applied Health Sci-•ences, University of WaterlooWorld Climate Research Pro-•gramme (WCRP)

GWSP:German Federal Ministry of Edu-•cation and Research (BMBF)German Research Foundation (DFG)•International Geosphere–Bio-•sphere Programme (IGBP)DIVERSITAS•World Climate Research Pro-•gramme (WCRP)

Imprint

Editor-in-Chief: Carmen ScherkenbachCopy-Editor: Russell MorganDesign: Louise Smith

This is a publication of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change.

IHDP Secretariat, UNU-IHDPUN CampusHermann-Ehlers-Str. 1053113 Bonn, GermanyT: +49 (0)228 815 0600F: +49 (0)228 815 [email protected]

This publication is printed on Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified paper.

ISSN 1727-8953

This report is published using funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Förderken-nzeichen IHD0810) and the United States National Science Foundation (BCS-0810837).

Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the German Federal Minis-try of Education and Research, the United States National Science Foun-dation or all other IHDP donors.

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